Qualitative Data Analysis Software Research Articles

Digital social movement: Using social media to reject Indonesia's draft criminal code (RUU KUHP)

This research tries to explore the use of social media as part of the digital social movement to reject the draft Indonesian Penal Code (RUU KUHP). In this case, social media were used in different social movements. This research uses a qualitative approach to know what kind of value of the phenomena. This research uses analysis Q-DAS (Qualitative Data Analysis Software), which uses social media data, and the tool is Nvivo 12 Plus. This research finds: First, the dominant social media theme is relevant to the legal theme area and aspect. In addition, the social media themes themselves have been made from the content used in social media as a reaction of netizens about the rejection of the Indonesian draft criminal code. Second, the narrative is dominated by the use of hashtags, but some of them use accounts and topics of law. Third, the hashtags have a relationship with other hashtags that tend to be strong, indicating that there are using the hashtag as a marker and possibly using more than 2 hashtags in one post with the same goal to reject the Indonesia Draft Criminal Code.

The perception of obstetric healthcare workers to the partners’ presence in the operating room-a phenomenological study

Objective: It is current practice in our setting to not admit a partner in theatre during cesarean section (CS) even though this is becoming commonplace in various countries. This study is designed to determine the views of healthcare workers, postpartum mothers and their accompanying partners on having a partner present in the operating roon (OR) during an elective CS at Port of Spain General Hospital, Trinidad, West Indies.
 Materials and Methods: The study’s theoretical model was based on a constructionist, interpretivist framework as well as phenomenological research. A semi-structured interview was conducted and a thematic approach was used to develop codes. This was analyzed by Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA miner) software and the following themes emerged: ‘Maternal support’; ‘Fathers’ marginalization’; ‘Nurses’ perception of fathers’ role’; ‘Healthcare workers’ perception of litigation and ‘Limiting factors’.
 Results: 70% of respondents were in favor of a partner being present in the operating room for an elective CS and thought it would help to keep the mother at ease by allowing her to hold hands with the partner, talk to them and be accompanied by them to the recovery room. Healthcare workers did think that male partners might not have much of an impact in the operating room as they would not know what to do and may actually pose a security threat if things did not go exactly as planned.
 Conclusions: Healthcare professionals were neutral about partners being present in the operating room but had concerns regarding partner’s presence in the operating room. 
 Key words: Anesthesia; Cesarean section; Health personnel; Parturients; Obstetric; Perception
 Citation: Ventour D, Gardiner K. The perception of obstetric healthcare workers to the partners’ presence in the operating room-a phenomenological study. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2023;27(4):528−534; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v27i4.2276
 Received: May 08, 2023; Reviewed: June 22, 2023; Accepted: June 28, 2023

Powered education based on Metaverse: Pre- and post-COVID comprehensive review

Abstract In recent years, an increasing interest has been in applying the Metaverse to create unique educational settings. This article reports a review of the literature on Metaverse and its application in higher educational settings to understand its definitive features, evolution from ideation to higher educational use cases, accessibility and affordability, ethical issues, current trends, and future research needs for effective and efficient Metaverse application in higher educational settings. A total of 58 publications between 1992 and 2022 retrieved from Google Scholar and other online portals were reviewed. The review was carried out using Nvivo software for qualitative data analysis to identify and extract the main themes from the reviewed papers, which were then organized thematically, discussed, and presented in the current article. The findings from this review provide an overview of the development of the Metaverse and its application in higher education from a pre-Covid and post-Covid perspective. It highlights the current state of research on applications of the Metaverse in higher education and the development of ten Metaversities funded by Meta, formerly Facebook. Furthermore, the article discusses the main concerns around adopting the Metaverse, which is mainly ethical issues such as data privacy, network security, netiquette, digital citizenship, copyright, and policies.

Assessing the acceptability and feasibility of reactive drug administration for malaria elimination in a Plasmodium vivax predominant setting: a qualitative study in two provinces in Thailand

BackgroundReactive case detection (RACD) or testing and treatment of close contacts of recent malaria cases, is commonly practiced in settings approaching malaria elimination, but standard diagnostics have limited sensitivity to detect low level infections. Reactive drug administration (RDA), or presumptive treatment without testing, is an alternative approach, but better understanding regarding community acceptability and operational feasibility are needed.MethodsA qualitative study was conducted as part of a two-arm cluster randomized-controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of RDA targeting high-risk villages and forest workers for reducing Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum malaria in Thailand. Key informant interviews (KIIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted virtually among key public health staff, village health volunteers (VHVs), and household members that implemented or received RDA activities. Transcriptions were reviewed, coded, and managed manually using Dedoose qualitative data analysis software, then underwent qualitative content analysis to identify key themes.ResultsRDA was well accepted by household members and public health staff that implemented it. RDA participation was driven by fear of contracting malaria, eagerness to receive protection provided by malaria medicines, and the increased access to health care. Concerns were raised about the safety of taking malaria medicines without having an illness, particularly if underlying health conditions existed. Health promotion hospital (HPH) staff implementing RDA noted its operational feasibility, but highlighted difficulty in traveling to remote areas, and requested additional travel resources and hiring more VHVs. Other challenges were highlighted including the need for additional training for VHVs on malaria activities and the inability of HPH staff to conduct RDA due to other health priorities (e.g., Covid-19). More training and practice for VHVs were noted as ways to improve implementation of RDA.ConclusionsTo maximize uptake of RDA, regular education and sensitization campaigns in collaboration with village leaders on the purpose and rationale of RDA will be critical. To alleviate safety concerns and increase participant safety, a rigorous pharmacovigilance program will be important. To accelerate uptake of RDA, trust between HPH staff and VHVs and the communities they serve must continue to be strengthened to ensure acceptance of the intervention.Trial registrationThis study was approved by the Committee on Human Research at the University of California San Francisco (19–28,060) and the local Ethics Committee for Research in Human Subjects at Tak Provincial Health office (009/63) and Kanchanaburi Provincial health office (Kor Chor 0032.002/2185). Local authorities and health officers in the provinces, districts, and villages agreed upon and coordinated the implementation of the study. All methods in this study were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.

Challenges of Halal Standards and Halal Certification for Islamic Marketing

Halal standards and certification continue to pose challenges for Islamic marketing. Resolving this is critical for the sector. This study uses the critical literature review (CLR) and systematic literature review (SLR) approaches by reviewing 76 published articles from Scopus-indexed journals between the years 2012 and 2023. Further, it analyses qualitative Quranic verses and content through the use of Stakeholder Theory (ST) and the ATLAS.ti qualitative data analysis software. Findings show that challenges facing halal standards and certification comprise heterogeneity, questionable raw materials, unethical practices, poor understanding of Islamic theology, communication gaps, acceptance variability, human resource management problems, supply chain obstacles, and improper Islamic marketing orientation. In addition to these common challenges, marketing problems, and poor brand positioning decisively hinder the growth potential of the halal industry. Importantly, the qualitative Quranic verses must satisfy Islamic scholars, certification boards, producers, halal marketers, and researchers to resolve the halal standards and certification-based challenges. All stakeholders must comprehend the insights arising from the general and special challenges facing the halal industry to synthesize the relevant and prescriptive Quranic verses as strategic tools. Stakeholders must further ponder future challenges regarding standards and certification on halal price, place, and promotion since current certification only focuses on products.

The Burden Experience of Family Caregiver of Older Adults with Chronic Illness

Purpose: This study aims to find out further about the burden on families in undertaking caregiving for the elderly with chronic illnesses. Methods: A qualitative study was developed using in-depth interviews with 12 family caregivers selected by purposive sampling in July 2022. The thematic analysis was then carried out using the Colaizzi method, and N-Vivo 12 Qualitative Data Analysis Software was used to assist with the content analysis. Results: The result from the experience interview analysis of caregivers participating in this study were 54 codes which were categorized into thirteen categories. Then, they were derived into four themes, as follows: 1) Physical burden of the caregivers for the elderly with chronic illness, 2) Psychological burden of the caregivers for the elderly with chronic illness, 3) Obstacle of caregivers for the elderly with chronic illness, 4) The state of caregivers who perform caregiving for the elderly with chronic illness. Conclusion: The experience of caregivers in undertaking caregiving for the elderly with chronic disease has many obstacles, such as physical, psychological, and economic burdens. Caregivers often find positive aspects of their experiences while caregiving for the elderly, although their burden also constantly increases. Health facilities should pay serious attention to family caregivers and facilitate programs that can help reduce the burden on family caregivers.

COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE RESPONSES OF L1 (AFAN OROMO) IN THE EFL CLASSROOM

One of the most common issues that EFL teachers face in the classroom is the decision of whether or not to use L1 in the L2 classroom. The purpose of this study was to explore the cognitive and affective responses of L1 (Afan Oromo) use in primary school of EFL classrooms. The study employed a qualitative research method with a descriptive case study. Classroom observations and interviews were used to collect data. The Nvivo 12 computer program qualitative data analysis software was used to analyze the collected data. The finding indicated that the most prevalent cognitive reactions were comparing English and Afan Oromo grammatical rules, acquiring new vocabulary, and forming links between Afan Oromo and English. Teachers preferred Afan Oromo for teaching new vocabulary, grammatical lessons, and abstract concepts. Students preferred L1 use for better understanding, mastery of grammar and complicated issues, and a more natural way of expressing themselves because Afan Oromo enables them a more confident sense while expressing their views and keeping the affective filter low. Although using L1 contributes to a better understanding, unguided usage and unsystematized practice of L1 may impede the achievement of desired goals in English teaching and learning.

Attitudes Toward Educational Loan Repayment Among College Students: A Qualitative Enquiry

The mounting educational loan delinquency is compelling bankers to discover various methods to reduce defaults in educational loan repayment. Policymakers emphasize designing a self-sustaining education financing model as a pathway to achieve inclusive education advocated by the United Nations. Willingness to repay is an attitudinal factor that envisages delinquency. With an aim to study the attitude of borrowers toward educational loan repayment using phenomenological research design, in-depth interviews were conducted with 40 postgraduate student borrowers from India to explore students’ loan repayment concerns. A qualitative data analysis software was used to consolidate data and visualize themes. The thematic analysis results include 11 subthemes classified under themes of positive and negative attitudes. Gratification, quality of life, and debt burden are the subthemes of negative attitude that may cause educational loan delinquency. Credit history, debt utility, financial knowledge, prioritizing repayment, integrity, and parenting practices are the subthemes of positive attitude that may help reduce educational loan delinquency. Practitioners in consumer finance can use the themes to assess the repayment attitude of the borrower, and educators can increase the financial knowledge of the borrowers.

Associations between Prayer and Mental Health among Christian Youth in the Philippines

Religion/Spirituality (R/S) has been associated with mental health. Although most Filipinos are Christian, little research has been done on how R/S affects their mental health. To address this research gap, an open-ended questionnaire was conducted on forty-three Filipino Christian youths regarding their thoughts, motives, and emotions about private prayer. Responses were coded and analyzed with the qualitative data analysis software NVivo. A traditional coding method was also employed to contextualize the data. Results show that most respondents define prayer as a way to communicate with God and personally encounter the transcendent. In general, prayer was used to express gratitude, request something, seek guidance, ask for forgiveness, or find psychological comfort. In most cases, participants prayed when they were feeling down or troubled. The majority prayed in silence and with their eyes closed. Most respondents felt calm and relaxed when praying. Many respondents also noted that their conversation with God provided comfort, reassurance, and relief. A theoretical model of causal pathways for the effects of prayer on mental health was used to examine how Filipino Christian youths’ emotional health—a component of mental health—is affected by prayer. Research suggests that prayer guides many respondents in their decisions and life choices. Prayer also may evoke human virtues, such as gratitude, patience, and honesty. For many, prayer is critical to their cognitive appraisal of stressful events and serves as a coping resource. This study has important implications for R/S as a resource for mental well-being among youth in a country with limited mental health services.

Political Marketing Strategy of Kustini Sri Purnomo and Danang Maharsa for the 2020 Sleman Regency Election

This research discusses the capital and political marketing strategy of the regent and deputy regent candidate pairs in the 2020 Sleman District Election. This research identified the political marketing strategy for the victory of the Kustini-Danang pair in the 2020 Sleman Regional Election. This study aims to analyze the capital and strategies used to win elections. The theory used study combined Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of capital and Firmanzah’s theory of Political Marketing 4P (Product, Promotion Price, and Place). This research is qualitative. The data analysis used Qualitative Data Analysis Software (Q-DAS); the tool used was Nvivo 12Plus. The data were obtained from interviews, social media, local media, and other sources of literature, such as documents obtained from the internet, as well as from books, journals, reports and archives related to this research. The results showed that the most significant indicator for the victory of the Kustini-Danang pair is “Price”. This study concludes that the price indicator is the most dominant in winning the regional elections because of image value. The image built by the Kustini-Danang pair is quite strong because Kustini is the wife of the former Sleman regent who served for two terms, and Danang is a DPRD member from the PDIP party so he was able to convince the people of Sleman to vote for the Kustini-Danang pair.

#5479 EXPLORING CANADIAN PATIENT EXPERIENCES OF LIVING WITH LUPUS NEPHRITIS

Abstract Background and Aims Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most severe manifestations of SLE; however, the Canadian patient experience remains understudied. This research investigated patient experiences and perspectives of 1) LN diagnosis; 2) living with LN; and 3) LN healthcare and treatment. Method Patients aged ≥18 years with biopsy-proven pure or mixed ISN/RPS Class III, IV, or V LN and fulfilling the ACR 1997 or SLICC 2012 Classification Criteria for SLE were purposefully recruited from a Canadian lupus cohort to participate in semi-structured in-depth interviews. These were conducted virtually and transcribed verbatim for subsequent thematic analysis using NVivo Qualitative Data Analysis Software. Results Thirty patients with LN were interviewed; 86.7% were female, mean (SD) age was 42.1 (16.4) years, mean (SD) age at SLE diagnosis was 29.8 (15.3) years (Table 1). Patients reported challenges seeking, receiving and adjusting to the LN diagnosis, and all described emotional impacts associated with diagnosis. Most patients had limited knowledge of LN prior to diagnosis, and this lack of understanding made it difficult to contextualise their illness (Figure 1). Patients reported both emotional wellbeing and physical health impacts associated with living with LN. While most have continued in paid employment, patients identified altered career aspirations, role changes, and the need for accommodations in the workplace. Patients also described modified leisure and social activities (Figure 1). While many identified supportive friends and family, a lack of nuanced understanding of their experiences by others was reported. LN was described as a factor in family planning considerations amongst those of childbearing age. Specifically, fear of changing LN medications and their reproductive side effects, fear of experiencing a flare while pregnant/when parenting, and concerns about passing on LN/other autoimmune conditions to their children emerged (Figure 1). Numerous aspects of LN management present challenges for patients, including visiting a range of healthcare providers, taking medication, monitoring diet, stress management and ensuring adequate rest. While many reported successful LN management with medication, others expressed concern with cost and side effects. The challenges associated with a lack of LN-specific information and resources were identified (Figure 1). Conclusion A lack of individual and public understanding of LN coupled with the uncertainties of diagnosis/living with LN create a substantial psychosocial burden as patients negotiate acceptable risk in the face of uncertainty (e.g., in family planning, treatment, paid employment, leisure). Results emphasize the need for wider LN awareness and will inform the development of LN-specific patient resources to increase understanding of LN and better support decision-making.

Acceptability of an mHealth App for Monitoring Perinatal and Postpartum Mental Health: Qualitative Study With Women and Providers.

Up to 15% of pregnant and postpartum women commonly experience undiagnosed and untreated mental health conditions, such as depression and anxiety, which may result in serious health complications. Mobile health (mHealth) apps related to mental health have been previously used for early diagnosis and intervention but not among pregnant and postpartum women. This study aims to assess the acceptability of using mHealth to monitor and assess perinatal and postpartum depression and anxiety. Focus group discussions with pregnant and postpartum women (n=20) and individual interviews with health care providers (n=8) were conducted to inform the acceptability of mHealth and determine its utility for assessing perinatal and postpartum mood symptoms. Participants were recruited via purposive sampling from obstetric clinics and the surrounding community. A semistructured interview guide was developed by an epidemiologist with qualitative research training in consultation with an obstetrician. The first author conducted all focus group discussions and provider interviews either in person or via Zoom (Zoom Video Communications, Inc) depending on the COVID-19 protocol that was in place during the study period. All interviews were audio recorded with consent; transcribed; and uploaded for coding to ATLAS.ti 8 (ATLAS.ti Scientific Software Development Gmb H), a qualitative data analysis and retrieval software. Data were analyzed using the deductive content analysis method using a set of a priori codes developed based on the interview guide. Methodological rigor and quality were ensured by adopting a systematic approach during the implementation, data collection, data analysis, and reporting of the data. Almost all women and providers had downloaded and used at least 1 health app. The respondents suggested offering short questions in layperson language that could be understood by women of all educational levels and offering no more than 2 to 3 assessments per day at preferred timings decided by the women themselves. They also suggested that the women themselves receive the alerts first, with other options being family members, spouses, or friends if the women themselves did not respond within 24 to 72 hours. Customization and snooze features were strongly endorsed by women and providers to improve acceptability and utility. Women mentioned competing demands on their time during the postpartum period, fatigue, privacy, and the security of mental health data as concerns. Health care professionals highlighted the long-term sustainability of app-based mood assessment and monitoring as an important challenge. The findings from this study show that mHealth would be acceptable to pregnant and postpartum women for monitoring mood symptoms. This could inform the development of clinically meaningful and inexpensive tools for facilitating the continuous monitoring of, the early diagnosis of, and an early intervention for mood disorders in this vulnerable population.

Analysis of BUMDes management and its contribution towards village genuine income: a study on BUMDes Pamsimas Sendang Sari Desa Kunir

The study aimed at exploring deeply the business management and process of BUMDes Pamsimas Sendang Sari Desa Kunir and its contribution towards the village's genuine income (read: Pendapatan Asli Desa or PAD). The research used descriptive qualitative methodology with a semi-structured interview. The five informants of the research were the staff of the BUMDes PAMSIMAS as the chief, secretary, treasurer, and two field technicians. The data analyzed was assisted by Computer Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software such as Nvivo 11. The research result showed that in the business process, BUMDes Sendang Sari has not to get profited from the clean water distribution since the setting of clean water tariffs below market prices, lack of public awareness to pay monthly fees, the existence of a village head program that makes clean water free for all public facilities without any subsidy, and the existence of a tax on water wells in Kabupaten Demak. Therefore, the BUMDes Sendang Sari is still unable to contribute to the PAD of Desa Kunir, however, the social impact has been felt by residents with the distribution of clean water to residents' homes. This research only focuses on business processes and has not looked at other factors that can affect the BUMDes performance. The research contribution of each of the village governments is as input for the management to fix the BUMDes Sendang Sari thus able to optimize the roles of the BUMDes in contributing towards the village's genuine income.

Investigating Students’ Views Regarding the Effectiveness of Teaching-Learning Processes Developed for 9th Grade English Course

Purpose: This study aims to investigate students’ views regarding the effectiveness of teaching-learning processes designed to achieve the objectives set in the 9th grade English curriculum. To this end, teaching-learning processes were prepared according to the objectives of the first four themes of the ninth grade English curriculum.
 Design/Methodology/Approach: This study adopted action research. Participants were selected through convenient sampling method. 52 ninth graders from two different classes were selected to implement teaching-learning processes. The implementation process lasted for 15 weeks. Semi-structured focus group interviews were conducted with 24 students, 12 from each class, in groups of six students after the implementations. The focus group interviews were conducted via semi- structured interview form prepared by the researcher. Data were analyzed through descriptive analysis using MAXQDA qualitative data analysis software.
 Findings: The data obtained through interviews showed that students were satisfied with the teaching-learning processes. Students believed that their speaking and writing skills improved the most and they stated that the presentations were of great importance in this improvement. Students’ listening comprehension skills improved more than their reading comprehension skills. Reading comprehension was the least improved skill, which can be attributed to the reading-focused instruction they received in the secondary school.
 Highlights: The results of the study revealed that in order to ensure high-quality and effective foreign language teaching, teachers should prepare their own teaching-learning process according to the objectives set in the curriculum rather than following the course books and materials provided to them. In this way, teachers not only free themselves from the limitations and shortcomings of course books and teacher's books but also teach more effectively with the teaching-learning processes designed according to the characteristics and needs of their schools and students.

P.062 A study of stroke-related experiences and priorities of elderly living with dementia, their family caregivers and physicians

Background: Around 10% of ischemic stroke patients have pre-existing dementia and are excluded from stroke trials and routine care. Little is known about physician practices in the stroke care of people living with dementia (PLWD) leading to limited understanding of their experiences, priorities, and outcomes. This study aims to better understand PLWD through in-depth interviews. Methods: This study employs a qualitative descriptive methodology with two sets of 20 semi-structured interviews with PLWD and their primary caregivers (dyads), and with stroke physicians. Interviews with dyads investigate their experiences, priorities, and attitudes towards stroke care. Participants will be recruited through snowball sampling and interviews will be analyzed through qualitative data analysis software. Results: Initial analyses of the PLWD-caregiver dyad interviews have been completed, revealing themes of independence, uncertainty about the future, and fears of another stroke. Conclusions: As the population ages, stroke teams will likely encounter more PLWD. Engaging PLWD and their caregivers is crucial to better understand their experiences and priorities, which will inform future studies and improve their care. The findings from the dyad and physician interviews will be relevant to a broad audience, including patients, caregivers, physicians, researchers, and policymakers.

Netnografi: Perspektif Netizen Terhadap Kenaikan Tarif PPN 11%

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine netizens' perceptions of the 11% increase in the VAT rate. Methodology/Approach: The researcher uses a qualitative approach using the netnographic method because it is relevant to the discussion of netizen responses originating from social media. Research data collection used observation and documentation on the twitter account (#PPNNAIK) with the NCapture for Nvivo application, then analyzed using qualitative data analysis and NVivo R1 software. Findings: The results of this study state that there are pros and cons related to the 11% VAT increase policy that must be understood broadly and fundamentally so that it is wiser to react to it and does not cause speculation in the community. Those who are against say that an 11% VAT increase along with an increase in the prices of other necessities amid the COVID-19 pandemic is inappropriate because it will burden the people in meeting their daily needs. Meanwhile, those who are pro argue that the goods/services that are subject to 11% VAT are not goods/services that are basic needs of the community, such as rice, sugar, and the like, which are consumed by the lower middle class. However, the increase in the imposition of taxes on goods consumed by the upper middle class, so that the 11% increase in VAT has proven to increase state revenues and return to the community. Practical and Theoretical contribution/Originality: The implication of this research is that it is important for the public to understand each "PPN 11%" policy comprehensively so as not to cause uproar in the community.

Cybersecurity Training in Organization as Human Capital Investment: A Qualitative Grounded Theory Analysis

This study aims to examine the impacts of organization’s cybersecurity training program on employees with qualitative data, collected from 33 college students who were attending Norfolk State University while also working either on a part-time or full-time basis participated. Open-ended questions were asked to elicit participants’ perspectives on cybersecurity training and cybersecurity protocols in organizations. Using qualitative data analysis software Nvivo 12, the authors organized and analyzed the collected data with open coding, and selective coding to recognize the major influencing impacts from cybersecurity training on employees’ routine work and behavior. Inductive and grounded theory analysis further elaborates connections between employee’s cybersecurity training and efficiency of organizations. Our findings suggest that on-the-job cybersecurity training provided by the employer is an effective investment for modern organizations to build on the organizational human capital and consequently to improve the efficiency of the organization. Findings from this study corroborates with the tenet of human capital theory that on-the-job educational program or training is economical and effective to manage the human capital challenge for modern organizations.

SME Internationalization and Export Performance: A Systematic Review with Bibliometric Analysis

Building from the authors’ plan to conceptualize an artificial intelligence (AI) solution that allows SME owners to make more sustainable choices in foreign-market-entry decisions, this systematic literature review (SLR) researches the state-of-the-art in SME internationalization from 1920 to 2023 (since 2014 in more depth). The authors gather all articles in Scopus, tagged with the keyword internationalization (25,303 as of January 2023), order them by citations, and download the top 2000 papers’ metadata for analysis and debate, then narrow it to reviews and SMEs, and use bibliometric visualization and qualitative data analysis software (VOSviewer and NVivo) to identify the key players and determinants of export performance/intensity, and finally draw conclusions. The results reveal key internationalization theories, top authors, reviews, and sources and expand Werner´s determinants via several tables and figures. The findings reveal the rise of relevance regarding theories related to social narratives and corporate activism, but also show that there is still much to do in SME internationalization, namely on what makes a small firm well established in their native market and have success in other countries. The contribution to science is an update on the topic and the pinpointing of several trends and gaps, such as a focus on services, theory integration, longitudinal studies between antecedents and performance, strategic fit versus opportunism, network theory on niche marketing, born-“glocal” strategies, disruptive technologies, and discourse variables, for the future of SME export success.

The “Other” in Court: Islam and Muslims in Polish Judicial Opinions Published Online

Muslims are a marginal minority in Poland, but research shows that they are often subject to negative perceptions and hostility from the majority. Orientalist stereotypes about Islam and the people associated with it are widespread and often reproduced in the media. Research from North America and the European Court of Human Rights suggests that such prejudices can affect the adjudication of cases involving Muslims. It may be presumed that Poland is no exception to that, and this assumption was the starting point for our empirical study. To date, there have been no studies on the perception of Muslims and Islam in the Polish legal system. This article presents the results of a qualitative thematic analysis of 57 judicial opinions issued by the common courts in Poland and published online, in which Islam or being Muslim was mentioned. The cases were categorised and texts of the judicial opinions closely analysed (with computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software) to identify recurring themes. The findings of this first exploratory study show that stereotypical representations and the “‘Othering” of Muslims do indeed occur in Polish courts, with some judges repeating Orientalist tropes that have become normalised in Polish society.

Comparison of Achievements in the Implementation of COVID-19 Vaccination in Five Provinces to Establish Herd Immunity in Indonesia in the Perspective of the New Public Service.

This study aims to analyze the achievements of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in five provinces in Indonesia, North Maluku, West Sulawesi, Maluku, West Papua, and Papua. Furthermore, to establish herd immunity in the new normal perspective. Vaccination is important because it is an effective way to build immunity. This method uses qualitative research with a Qualitative Data Analysis Software (QDAS) approach. The source of data was obtained from the official website of the government, the ministry of health, in the category of areas with low vaccination achievement, and data were also obtained by capturing news in credible official media to find the cause of the low vaccination rate in the community. The data analyst uses NVivo12 software to code and visualizes data in graphs, images, and word clouds. The findings of this study indicate that in five provinces in Indonesia, North Maluku (68%), West Sulawesi (76%), Maluku (66%), West Papua (62%), and Papua (41%), the achievement of vaccination implementation is still relatively low. Due to doubts in the community about the status of the vaccine, information and communication education from the government have not been optimal; the environment and geography vary, so it becomes an obstacle in carrying out vaccination.