Sodium Lauryl Sulfoacetate Research Articles

Sodium Lauryl Sulfoacetate.

The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety reviewed updated information that has become available since their original assessment from 1987, along with updated information regarding product types, and frequency and concentrations of use, and reaffirmed their original conclusion that Sodium Lauryl Sulfoacetate is safe as a cosmetic ingredient in the practices of use and concentration as described in this report.

Potential of binary mixtures of sodium lauryl sulfoacetate (SLSA) and alkyl polyglucoside (APG10) as oil degreaser

Abstract The industry is challenged to replace toxic chemical-based surfactants with environmentally friendly and biodegradable surfactants. In this study, binary mixtures of sodium lauryl sulfoacetate (SLSA) and an alkyl polyglucoside (APG10) in various proportions were investigated for their effectiveness as degreasing agents. Efficacy was characterised using surface tension measurements, oil dispersion tests, emulsification, pH and cleaning efficacy in removing engine oil from a metal plate. The surface tension results for all solutions showed a critical micelle concentration of 1500 ppm. The dispersion tests (with oil:surfactant ratios of 1:2 and 1:3) showed that the oil was fully dispersed at an oil:surfactant ratio of 1:2 i.e., at a concentration of 2500 ppm SLSA and 2000 ppm of a binary solution with a volume ratio of SLSA:APG10 of 75:25. At a ratio of 1:3, the oil was fully dispersed with 2500 ppm of a binary solution with a ratio of SLSA:APG10 of 75:25. Overall, the solution with a volume ratio of SLSA:APG10 of 75:25 was the most favourable. The results also showed that a solution containing only SLSA had good potential as a degreaser, as it achieved a cleaning performance of 90% in removing oil from the metal plate despite low emulsification levels (E24) for both surfactants. In summary, a combination of these two green surfactants can be used effectively as a degreasing agent.

Development and evaluation of herbal handwash gel containing Andrographis paniculata alcoholic extract

Nowadays, herbs used worldwide due to its medicinal and pharmaceutical potentials. Herbs are also used to prevent human beings from variety of diseases. In the current study, alcoholic extract of which is commonly known as green chiretta used in the development of handwash (herbal). Traditionally, green chiretta was used and known for their different pharmacological action. Alcoholic extract of loaded herbal hand wash prepared by using Carbopol-934 as gelling agent, TEA (triehanolamine) as neutralizer and sodium lauryl sulfoacetate (SLSA) as surfactant. Antibacterial activity of herbal handwash gel evaluated by cup plate method. Sthaphylococcus aureus, Escherihia coli and Bacillus subtilis are used to assess the potential of gel against microorganisms. It shows good potential action against Bacillus subtilis. Physicochemical characterization of herbal handwash gel was performed by morphological study such as odor, color, pH, foam height, consistency and retention as per chemical standards. The developed herbal hand wash formulation showed no side effects and outcomes are in the limits.

Removal of cadmium ion from aqueous solution using plant-based anionic surfactant impregnated activated carbon

Activated carbon was modified by impregnating it with sodium lauryl sulfoacetate (SLSA), a plant-based anionic surfactant and tested to determine whether the surfactant will increase the effectiveness of cadmium ion removal from aqueous solution of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) by activated carbon. The activated carbon used was industrial grade granular type tested without grinding or sieving. The surfactant preparation and the impregnation were done at 600 °C. The heavy metal removal test conducted at 300 °C to mimic normal weather temperature of Malaysia. The granular activated carbon was characterized using BET (Brunauer-Emmet-Teller) while the surfactant chemical properties analysed using FTIR. The aqueous solutions before and after the test were analysed using AAS (atomic absorption spectroscopy). The result obtained has shown that SIAC at 125 ppm has the highest cadmium removal averaging 37.87%. The lowest removal shown by SIAC at 10 ppm with an average of 7.70%.

Phase Behavior of Ester Based Anionic Surfactants: Sodium Alkyl Sulfoacetates

Ester based anionic surfactant—sodium lauryl sulfoacetate (SLSA)—is one of the most important surface-active ingredients in several personal care products however no scientific report is available regarding its lyotropic and thermotropic phase behavior in water. In the present study, SLSA and its congener sodium myristyl sulfoacetate (SMSA) are investigated for their self-aggregation properties in aqueous system. Phase transition temperature of these surfactant–water mixtures is determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Their lyotropic and thermotropic phase behavior in water are investigated by polarized optical microscopy (POM), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS). These surfactants predominantly exist as different types of self-assembled lamellar phases along with or without solid crystalline phases in aqueous system.

Pediatricians lack knowledge for the diagnosis and management of functional constipation in children over 6 mo of age.

AIMTo assess the knowledge of general pediatricians througout Indonesia about the diagnosis and treatment of childhood constipation.METHODSA comprehensive questionnaire was distributed to general pediatricians from several teaching hospitals and government hospitals all over Indonesia.RESULTSData were obtained from 100 pediatricians, with a mean of 78.34 ± 18.00 mo clinical practice, from 20 cities throughout Indonesia. Suspicion of constipation in a child over 6 mo of age arises when the child presents with a decreased frequency of bowel movements (according to 87% of participants) with a mean of one bowel movement per 3.59 ± 1.0 d, hard stools (83%), blood in the stools (36%), fecal incontinence (33%), and/or difficulty in defecating (47%). Only 26 pediatricians prescribe pharmacologic treatment as first therapeutic approach, while the vast majority prefers nonpharmacologic treatment, mostly (according to 68%) The preferred nonpharmacologic treatment are high-fiber diet (96%), increased fluid intake (90%), toilet training (74%), and abdominal massage (49%). Duration of non-pharmacological treatment was limited to 1 to 2 wk. Seventy percent of the pediatricians recommending toilet training could only mention some elements of the technique, and only 15% was able to explain it fully and correctly. Lactulose is the most frequent pharmacologic intervention used (87% of the participants), and rectal treatment with sodium citrate, sodium lauryl sulfo acetate, and sorbitol is the most frequent rectal treatment (85%). Only 51% will prescribe rectal treatment for fecal impaction. The majority of the pediatricians (69%) expect a positive response during the first week with a mean (± SD) of 4.1 (± 2.56) d. Most participants (86%) treat during one month or even less. And the majority (67%) stops treatment when the frequency and/or consistency of the stools have become normal, or if the patient had no longer complaints.CONCLUSIONThese data provide an insight on the diagnosis and management of constipation in childhood in Indonesia. Although general pediatricians are aware of some important aspects of the diagnosis and mangement of constipation, overall knowledge is limited. Efforts should be made to improve the distribution of existing guidelines. These findings highlight and confirm the difficulties in spreading existing information from guidelines to general pediatricians.

APPLICATION OF A COMBINATION LAXATIVE IN THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC CONSTIPATION IN PATIENTS WITH PROLONGED USE OF IRRITANT LAXATIVES

The article outlines the diagnostic criteria for chronic constipation, provides epidemiological data on the prevalence of the condition among the population, and specifies the main types of laxatives. The author presents own findings on the possibility of combined treatment with trimebutine and a combination microenema laxative for patients with “lazy bowel” syndrome which develops against a background of long-term use of irritant laxatives. The author concludes on the good tolerability and positive efficacy of the combination therapy involving drugs which normalize intestinal motility and micro-enemas containing sodium citrate, sodium lauryl sulfoacetate and sorbitol solution in such patients.

Synthesis and characterization of a novel silicone containing vinylic macromonomer and its uses in the preparation of poly (silicone‐co‐styrene‐co‐butylacrylate) with montmorillonite nanocomposite emulsion

AbstractA new silicone containing macromonomer, 4‐(methacrylamido) phenoxy polymethylhydrosiloxane (4‐MPMHS) with a vinyl group, was successfully synthesized. Then poly (silicone‐co‐styrene‐co‐butylacrylate) with montmorillonite, P (Si‐co‐St‐co‐BA) with MMT nanocomposite emulsion was prepared by in situ intercalative emulsion polymerization of styrene (St), butyl acrylate (BA), and 4‐MPMHS, in the presence of organic modified montmorillonite (OMMT) with different OMMT contents (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2 wt %). Potassium persulphate (KPS) was used as an initiator and sodium lauryl sulfoacetate (SLSA) and nonyl phenol ethylene oxide—40 U (NP‐40) were used as anionic and nonionic emulsifiers, respectively. The resulting macromonomer was characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transformer infrared (FT‐IR), proton (1H NMR), and carbon (13C NMR) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopes. The OMMT was characterized by FT‐IR and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The nanocomposite emulsions were characterized by using Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), laser light scattering, and surface tension method. Thermal properties of the copolymers were studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and then the effects of OMMT percent on the water absorption ratio and drying speed were examined. Results showed that OMMT could improve the properties of emulsion. In other words, the properties of nanocomposite emulsions were better when compared with those of the silicone‐acrylate emulsion. The property of nanocomposite emulsion containing 1 wt % OMMT was the best one, and the following advantages were obtained: smaller particle size, faster drying speed, smaller surface tension, and improved water resistance by the incorporation of OMMT. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011

Sulfoacetate Is Degraded via a Novel Pathway Involving Sulfoacetyl-CoA and Sulfoacetaldehyde in Cupriavidus necator H16

Bacterial degradation of sulfoacetate, a widespread natural product, proceeds via sulfoacetaldehyde and requires a considerable initial energy input. Whereas the fate of sulfoacetaldehyde in Cupriavidus necator (Ralstonia eutropha) H16 is known, the pathway from sulfoacetate to sulfoacetaldehyde is not. The genome sequence of the organism enabled us to hypothesize that the inducible pathway, which initiates sau (sulfoacetate utilization), involved a four-gene cluster (sauRSTU; H16_A2746 to H16_A2749). The sauR gene, divergently orientated to the other three genes, probably encodes the transcriptional regulator of the presumed sauSTU operon, which is subject to inducible transcription. SauU was tentatively identified as a transporter of the major facilitator superfamily, and SauT was deduced to be a sulfoacetate-CoA ligase. SauT was a labile protein, but it could be separated and shown to generate AMP and an unknown, labile CoA-derivative from sulfoacetate, CoA, and ATP. This unknown compound, analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS, had a relative molecular mass of 889.7, which identified it as protonated sulfoacetyl-CoA (calculated 889.6). SauS was deduced to be sulfoacetaldehyde dehydrogenase (acylating). The enzyme was purified 175-fold to homogeneity and characterized. Peptide mass fingerprinting confirmed the sauS locus (H16_A2747). SauS converted sulfoacetyl-CoA and NADPH to sulfoacetaldehyde, CoA, and NADP(+), thus confirming the hypothesis.

The Immune Enhancement of Sodium Lauryl Sulfoacetate in Chickens

The purpose of this study is to investigate feasibility of sodium lauryl sulfoacetate (SLS) as an immunoadjuvant in chickens. After treating with 62.5, 125, 250, or 500 μg/mL SLS in vitro, lymphocyte proliferation assay of chicken peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed that the OD570 values of all experimental groups, as well as Con A-stimulated group, were significantly higher than that of the untreated control group. After injection with 1.0, 2.0, or 4.0 mg/kg of SLS for 3 consecutive days, chickens were vaccinated with an attenuated vaccine against Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and the immunoadjuvant effects of SLS were evaluated on the basis of immune organ index, antibody response, and CD4 +/CD8 + T-cell ratio. The results confirmed that SLS could enhance NDV-specific antibody response and increase CD4 +/CD8 + T-cell ratio in vivo. Furthermore, SLS could improve NDV-specific antibody response in thiamphenicol-treated chickens. These data indicate that SLS not only can improve humoral immune response but also reverse the immunosuppressive effect of thiamphenicol in chickens.

Synthesis and properties of styrene–butylacrylate emulsion copolymers modified by silane compounds

AbstractStyrene (St)/butyl acrylate (BA) copolymers were prepared by adding triethoxyvinylsilane (TEVS), trimethoxyvinylsilane (TMVS), and triphenylvinylsilane (TPVS), each one through emulsion copolymerization. The polymerization was performed with methacrylic acid and auxiliary agents at 80°C in the presence of potassium peroxodisulfate as the initiator. Nonylphenol ethylene oxide‐40 units (NP‐40) and sodium lauryl sulfoacetate were used as nonionic and anionic emulsifiers, respectively. The resulting copolymers were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Thermal properties of the copolymers were studied by using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The morphology of copolymers was also investigated by optical microscopy, and then the effects of silicone kinds and concentrations on the properties of the St/BA emulsion copolymers were discussed. The obtained copolymers have high solid content (50 %) and can be used in emulsion paints as a binder. The comparison of three different vinyl silanes indicates that the TEVS influences on the copolymer properties more than the others. The calculations of monomer conversion and monomer conversion versus time histories indicate that by increasing the silicone concentration, the polymerization rate decreases. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009

Use of several anionic surfactants for the separation of aniline derivatives in micellar electrokinetic chromatography

The separation of 13 aniline derivatives by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) with four anionic surfactants was demonstrated. We used sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium N-lauroyl- N-methyl-β-alaninate (ALE), sodium N-lauroyl- N-methyltaurate (LMT) and sodium laurylsulfoacetate (LSA) as surfactants. The first application of LSA to MEKC was described. The surfactants having amido linkages, ALE and LMT, gave better separation than SDS. LSA has an ester linkage and its ionic group is sulfonate. Separation with LSA was also better than that with SDS. LSA showed different selectivity from the other surfactants. The effect of the linkages on migration behavior was investigated.

1: Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Sodium Lauryl Sulfoacetate

Sodium Lauryl Sulfoacetate is a detergent used in cosmetic products. A 12% solution of the ingredient was slightly toxic to rats in an acute oral study. No treatment-related effects of significance were noted in rats in a subchronic study at a dose of 75 mg/kg/day. Some effects were observed at 250 and 750 mg/kg/day. Minimal to slight ocular irritation occurred in rabbits when tested with 3.0% Sodium Lauryl Sulfoacetate. A diluted product tested at 1% Sodium Lauryl Sulfate was nonirritating to the genital mucosa of rabbits. No skin irritation, sensitization, or phototoxicity was noted in guinea pigs exposed to a cosmetic product containing 2% Sodium Lauryl Sulfoacetate. Cosmetic products containing up to 16% Sodium Lauryl Sulfoacetate were nonmutagenic in the Ames Salmonella/microsome assay, both with and without activation. In clinical studies, Sodium Lauryl Sulfoacetate was a mild to strong skin irritant but not a sensitizer at concentrations up to 2.0%. The irritant effects are similar to those produced by other detergents, and the severity of the irritation appears to increase directly with concentration. It is concluded that Sodium Lauryl Sulfoacetate is safe for use in cosmetic products in the present practices of use and concentration.