Socio-psychological Problem Research Articles

Эректильная дисфункция: современное состояние проблемы, методы диагностики и рентгенэндохирургического лечения

According to the Russian Society of Urologists, almost half of men aged 27 to 77 suffer from erectile dysfunction. ED should be considered not only as a medical nosology, but also as a socio-psychological problem with a demographic aspect. There are many methodsfor improving erectile function, including psychological consultations, drug therapy and penile prosthetics. Given the accumulated international experience,the key pointis an accurate diagnosis ofthe cause of erectile dysfunction to determine the correct approach to treatment. Among the many causes of erectile dysfunction, vascular causes are quite common. Given the rapid development of endovascular and low-traumatic approachesto vascular pathology,the technique of improving inflow and outflow obstruction in vasculogenic erectile dysfunction is becoming increasingly obvious and effective. The presented article discussesthe currentstate ofthe issue and possible prospectsfor endovascularsurgery for vascular erectile dysfunction, including significant venous leakage.

Experiential Avoidance as a Factor in Generalized Psychological Vulnerability: In the Relationship Between Chronic Pain and Pain Anxiety With Pain Disability

BackgroundPain is a major socio-psychological problem worldwide. Chronic pain has a negative effect on areas of psychological functioning such as depression, anxiety, and perceived stress. AimThe present study investigated the mediating role of experiential avoidance in the relationship between chronic pain and pain anxiety with pain disability. MethodsParticipants were treatment-seeking patients (N = 361) at an outpatient pain clinic in Shiraz (Fars, Iran). The Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI), Pain Anxiety Symptom Scale (PASS-20), Pain Disability Questionnaire (PDQ), and Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II) were used to measure multidimensional pain, anxiety, pain disability, experiential avoidance, and pain severity. ResultsThe results of the correlation revealed that a significant relationship exists between multidimensional pain and pain anxiety, pain disability, and experiential avoidance. Experiential avoidance mediated the associations from multidimensional pain and pain disability significantly. Also, experiential avoidance moderated associations between pain anxiety and pain disability significantly. In general, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) showed that experiential avoidance mediated the relationship between multidimensional pain and pain anxiety with pain disability. ConclusionIn general, the results revealed that experiential avoidance can mediate the relationship among pain, pain anxiety, and pain disability as a maladaptive regulation strategy. The results obtained from this study seem to introduce experiential avoidance as a vulnerability factor effectively.

Кибербуллингв школьной среде: социально-психологический аспект

tThe socio-psychological factors of how cyberbullying manifests among students are covered in this article. In modern conditions, the process of socialization of adolescents is rapidly moving to the Internet, where “virtu-al communication”arises, which has become formany an additional resource in communication, mastering various social roles and norms of behavior and opening up new social opportunities. Unlike adults, teenagers become an addition to live communication skills, skills related to communication through emails, messages, Г.М. Ракишева, Д.С. Сабитова, М.Б. Жантемирова132Вестник Карагандинского университетаand they master all these skills at the same time. At the same time, the development and availability of info-communication technologies has led to the emergence of completely new way of aggression, named cyber-bullying, which is a socio-psychological problem and needs to find methods to solve it. Cyberbullying should be understood as deliberate aggressive actions directed against the victim, which are carried out systematical-ly over a certain period of time using various electronic forms of interaction, from playful-comic to psycho-logical virtual terror, the result of which may be suicide. Teenagers are the most vulnerable group for cyber-bullying, since their uncontrolled communication on the Internet entails communication risks in the form of illegal contacts, cybercrime, cyberbullying, etc.The conducted theoretical analysis allows us to determine the causes of cyberbullying and factors that increase the risk of this phenomenon, including external behavioral and internal manifestations of schoolchildren, thoughts and judgments about themselves and others, social skills, personality traits, features of social contacts, perception of the school climate.Based on the materials of native and foreign studies, the results of the influence of cyberbullying on the social life and psycho-emotional state of adolescents are presented. The analysis of scientific research on this topic is presented; the issues of strengthening the psychological health of schoolchildren as a factor in the prevention of cyberbully-ing are touched upon.According to the authors, in order to solve this problem, it is necessary to strengthen the psychological health of schoolchildren, increase the level of digital literacy and the culture of behavior of Internet users since childhood

Socio-psychological problem of gadget addiction in adolescents

If there are violations in the personal, emotional, needs and motivational spheres, in the presence of unfavorable conditions in life, a teenager increasingly turns to gadgets. When it is impossible to use them, a teenager begins to experience feelings of longing and anxiety. Over time, gadgets for young people turn into a means of escaping real life, in order to relieve tension, for example, after a conflict, quarrel, etc. A long-term use of a smartphone or tablet can provoke the occurrence of physical or mental overstrain, headaches, aggressive behavior, and other destructive manifestations. Consequently, at this stage of the development of society, developing recommendations to prevent and overcome gadget addiction in adolescents is one of the urgent problems in the fields of clinical psychology, psychosocial work, psychiatry, narcology, etc.

Implementing a Statistical Parametric Speech Synthesis System for a Patient with Laryngeal Cancer.

Total laryngectomy, i.e., the surgical removal of the larynx, has a profound influence on a patient’s quality of life. The procedure results in a loss of natural voice, which in effect constitutes a significant socio-psychological problem for the patient. The main aim of the study was to develop a statistical parametric speech synthesis system for a patient with laryngeal cancer, on the basis of the patient’s speech samples recorded shortly before the surgery and to check if it was possible to generate speech quality close to that of the original recordings. The recording made use of a representative corpus of the Polish language, consisting of 2150 sentences. The recorded voice proved to indicate dysphonia, which was confirmed by the auditory-perceptual RBH scale (roughness, breathiness, hoarseness) and by acoustical analysis using AVQI (The Acoustic Voice Quality Index). The speech synthesis model was trained using the Merlin repository. Twenty-five experts participated in the MUSHRA listening tests, rating the synthetic voice at 69.4 in terms of the professional voice-over talent recording, on a 0–100 scale, which is a very good result. The authors compared the quality of the synthetic voice to another model of synthetic speech trained with the same corpus, but where a voice-over talent provided the recorded speech samples. The same experts rated the voice at 63.63, which means the patient’s synthetic voice with laryngeal cancer obtained a higher score than that of the talent-voice recordings. As such, the method enabled for the creation of a statistical parametric speech synthesizer for patients awaiting total laryngectomy. As a result, the solution would improve the quality of life as well as better mental wellbeing of the patient.

Analysis of Personal Characteristics that Act as Factors in Overcoming the Propensity to Theft in Adolescents

the purpose. The purpose of the study is a theoretical and empirical analy-sis of personal factors that are the driving force behind the psychological mecha-nisms of predisposition to theft, and to clarify the main directions of its psycho-logical prevention / correction. The main objectives of the study are: 1) clarifica-tion of scientific and psychological approaches to the theoretical analysis of the problem of theft; 2) analysis of motivational and volitional personal factors in subjects with an increased risk of theft; 3) scientific substantiation of the main directions of psychological prevention / correction of theft.methods of the research. The main methods used in the study are theo-retical analysis, generalization, comparison, systematization of facts, theoretical modeling, scientific interpretation, use of questionnaires and tests.the results of the research. The role and essence of theft is revealed, which in society is qualified as a socio-psychological problem connected with an in-surmountable urge to misappropriate other people’s money and things. It was found that the subject of theft can be any property that has a certain value: real estate or movable property, cash, securities, precious metals, documents, etc.The experimental study identified three groups of people: those with a low risk of theft (14.1%), medium risk (44.7%) and high risk (41.2%).People with a high propensity for theft are characterized by an increased fear of rejection: they begin to act under the conditions of external stimuli asso-ciated with control, requirements, supervision. Subjects are prone to external control, which indicates their desire to shift responsibility to external circum-stances (insurmountable obstacles, difficult fate or people who do not help).Persons prone to theft have low levels of general volitional self-regulation, which indicates an inability to consciously control their desires and impulses, including material direction, to subordinate behavior in accordance with the circumstances. They are also characterized by low rates of persistence, which is manifested in the unwillingness to perform socially useful activities, coping with difficulties, inconsistencies. Instead, there is a clear desire to shift their problems onto others who have to buy, buy the things they want, and provide for everyone without exception.The function of self-control is lower than the average in the subjects with a tendency to theft. Low self-control is due to difficulties in subordinating dif-ferent activities to the motive of self-improvement, low ability to self-promo-tion and self-punishment as dynamic factors in the formation of regulatory behavior.conclusions. On the basis of the conducted empirical research two main di-rections of work are defined: a) psychological correction of motivational sphere of teenagers with high risk of propensity to theft; b) psychological correction of the volitional sphere of adolescents with a high risk of theft.

Satisfaction with Social Life and Academic Adaptation in Students with Different Types of Loneliness in the Process of Distance Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic

In an age when publicity is the norm, human loneliness is a significant socio-psychological problem. Objective loneliness (e.g., as experienced during the pandemic) does not always result in subjective loneliness. Subjective loneliness directly influences various aspects of the human psyche and activities. Analysis of satisfaction with social life, as a marker of social well-being and academic adaptation of students with different loneliness types, allows determining the magnitude of subjective loneliness and how it influences the well-being and adaptation of students. In this study, we analyzed satisfaction in social life, difficulties associated with distance learning, and academic adaptation in students with different types of loneliness. The sample consisted of 500 students who studied online during the COVID-19 pandemic. The mean age of the students was 19.28 years (SD = 2.16; 16.5% males and 83.5% females). The following methods were used in this study: A differential questionnaire on experiencing loneliness developed by Osin and Leontev; a modified technique for determining the level of social frustration by Wasserman, Iovlev, and Berebin; the academic adaptation scale by Shamionov, Grigoryeva, Grinina, and Sozonnik; scales for subjective evaluation of changes in life during distance learning developed by the authors of the study. Four types of loneliness were identified based on cluster analysis: positive loneliness, non-accepted loneliness, pseudo-positive loneliness, and neurotic loneliness. Students with pseudo-positive and neurotic loneliness had low levels of satisfaction with their social life, while students with positive loneliness, and those that rejected it, were satisfied with life. Distance learning was most positively viewed by students with a positive perception of loneliness, while students with neurotic loneliness experienced difficulties the most because of distance learning. Under such conditions, the most successful academic adaptation was observed in students with non-acceptance of loneliness, followed by students with positive and pseudo-positive loneliness, respectively, while students with neurotic loneliness adapted the least to the conditions.

Bullying in the adolescent environment as a socio-psychological problem

The article examines the problems of bullying among adolescents in socio-cultural, psychological and demographic aspects; discusses the need for adolescents to use anti-bullying programs in schools in Kazakhstan, about the possible difficulties in choosing an effective strategy to combat bullying due to insufficient research on the socio-cultural specifics of bullying in schools in different cities of Kazakhstan. A detailed analysis of the reasons for the spread of the practice of bullying, the aggressive attitude of adolescents towards their peers, and the acquisition by adolescents of the role of an aggressor or victim of bullying in adolescents is given. The study involved 150 schoolchildren aged 13-17 years. The fol- lowing methods were used to diagnose bullying: aggressive behavior of subjects, sociometry method, Rosenberg self-esteem scale, Bass-Perry’s aggressive behavior diagnostic questionnaire. Statistical analy- sis of the collected data shows significant differences between adolescents ‘responses to questions about bullying in the group, on the one hand, and students’ recommendations about the initiators and victims of bullying by teachers. The article also reveals the reasons for bullying and its consequences, as well as ways to combat it. In each environment, bullying has a different character, and this depends on the sur- rounding communication environment. Key words: bullying, adolescent aggression, violence, victim, abuser, statistical analysis, psychol- ogy, social, student, imbalance.

Internet addiction as a socio—psychological problem of society in the XXI century

The presented article analyzes the problems of the formation of Internet addiction in the modern information society. The author consistently examines the essence and characteristic signs (symptoms) of cyber addiction, socio–psychological prerequisites and factors of its actualization, the main forms of manifestation and social scale of distribution. Particular attention is paid to the issues of effective implementation of various types of prevention of pathological addiction to being in the worldwide network. As a result, it was concluded that it is necessary to systematically form (in the process of socialization of generations of the XXI century) a rationalized and balanced approach to the use of Internet resources and electronic digital devices that provide access to them. The ultimate goal of moving in this direction could be the development of a culture of healthy attitude and productive development of cyber technologies in the name of the liberation and progress of mankind, and not its enslavement and degradation.

ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ПОКРАЩЕННЯ НАДАННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНИХ ПОСЛУГ В УКРАЇНІ В СФЕРІ ЗАЙНЯТОСТІ

The article deals with the gender aspects of the problem of domestic violence. Domestic violence is researched as a phenomenon of social work. The content of the concept of domestic violence against women is analyzed. Today, state family policy is becoming one of the priorities of social policy in Ukraine. However, the family, including the Ukrainian one, in the modern world is in a state of crisis, which is manifested in a number of factors and destructive processes. In Ukrainian society, violence against women has existed for a long period. First of all, domestic violence should be distinguished, since this form of violence against women has always existed, but until recently it has not been recognized as a socio-psychological problem. The concept of domestic violence against women is closely related to such a phenomenon as aggression. In essence, violence is a form of aggressive behavior. Today, many problems have escalated, including social ones. These include the growing number of cases of violence against women. And the worst thing is that violence is seen only as causing physical harm, but violence can manifest itself in various forms, it is psychological, and emotional, and moral, and sexual, and even economic. The topic of violence against women has been elaborated more closely over the last three decades, but so far there is no universal idea of what to consider as violence; there are no clear criteria separating violence from non-violence. Violence prevalence statistics are considered low. The true magnitude of this phenomenon remains implicit because many victims are unable to differentiate the moment when family conflicts turn into overt manifestations of violence. Many authors say that violence is an interactive process. To explain it, the behavior of both parties must be taken into account. Consent and readiness for violence is the result of social learning, a socialization that is viewed in accordance with biographical experience. The general model of coordination work of services to overcome and prevent domestic violence against women in Ukraine has not yet been formed. This problem can only be resolved in close contact with law enforcement, health care, social development and education. Domestic violence cannot be considered a private matter for family members.

ДОМАШНЄ НАСИЛЬСТВО ЯК ФЕНОМЕН СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ РОБОТИ

The article deals with the gender aspects of the problem of domestic violence. Domestic violence is researched as a phenomenon of social work. The content of the concept of domestic violence against women is analyzed. Today, state family policy is becoming one of the priorities of social policy in Ukraine. However, the family, including the Ukrainian one, in the modern world is in a state of crisis, which is manifested in a number of factors and destructive processes. In Ukrainian society, violence against women has existed for a long period. First of all, domestic violence should be distinguished, since this form of violence against women has always existed, but until recently it has not been recognized as a socio-psychological problem. The concept of domestic violence against women is closely related to such a phenomenon as aggression. In essence, violence is a form of aggressive behavior. Today, many problems have escalated, including social ones. These include the growing number of cases of violence against women. And the worst thing is that violence is seen only as causing physical harm, but violence can manifest itself in various forms, it is psychological, and emotional, and moral, and sexual, and even economic. The topic of violence against women has been elaborated more closely over the last three decades, but so far there is no universal idea of what to consider as violence; there are no clear criteria separating violence from non-violence. Violence prevalence statistics are considered low. The true magnitude of this phenomenon remains implicit because many victims are unable to differentiate the moment when family conflicts turn into overt manifestations of violence. Many authors say that violence is an interactive process. To explain it, the behavior of both parties must be taken into account. Consent and readiness for violence is the result of social learning, a socialization that is viewed in accordance with biographical experience. The general model of coordination work of services to overcome and prevent domestic violence against women in Ukraine has not yet been formed. This problem can only be resolved in close contact with law enforcement, health care, social development and education. Domestic violence cannot be considered a private matter for family members

The main problems and causes of single fathers in modern society

This article is aimed at studying the socio-psychological problem of lone fathers. The factors that lead to the occurrence, formation of incomplete paternal families (widowhood, divorce, asocial behavior of women) are given in the examples. It is noted that factors leading to single fatherhood negatively affect the psychological and social status of a father. This phenomenon is considered both from the socio-psychological and legal point of view. Questions about the implementation of the basic rights, privileges and guarantees of single fathers in Kazakhstan are not left without attention.

ФІЗКУЛЬТУРНО-СПОРТИВНА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ЯК ФАКТОР ЛЕГІТИМІЗАЦІЇ АГРЕСИВНОСТІ У ПЕРІОД ЮНОСТІ

According to the General Prosecutor's Office, in 2019-2020 in Ukraine, the total number of crimes decreased, but at the same time the number of some grave and especially grave ones increased, for which prison terms are provided up to life imprisonment. Law enforcers also note an increase in juvenile delinquency with a tendency to particular cruelty. Obviously, the types of these serious crimes are associated with the level of the general index of aggression of offenders. Considering, also, the high rate of relapse of crimes related to aggressive behavior, we should talk about the special relevance and acuteness of this socio-psychological problem. In the article, the authors cite research data on the legalization of aggressiveness, taking into account the individual psychological characteristics of the individual and mesofactors: joint physical culture and sports activities at the level of a close social environment. An analysis of the results of the study indicates that the main group of students engaged in physical education and sports sections during 4 years of study at a university demonstrates significantly lower indicators of psychological and psychological characteristics indicating potential aggressiveness than the control group of students who did not engage in physical education / sports during the specified period.

SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF LONELINESS IN MODERN TEENAGERS

Relevant socio-psychological problem of the emergence of loneliness in modern adolescents has been considered. Living conditions at this moment are characterized by a high level of development of information technologies. As a result, the formation of new thinking, new behavioral strategies, which affect the process of socialization of the individual. It has been noted, that in connection with the intensive digitalization of society, prerequisites arise for the social isolation of an individual subject, the formation of loneliness. This is most evident in the younger generation, as it is more sensitive to social changes. For exploring this phenomenon, an empirical study was conducted of the attitude of adolescents to loneliness and its interrelation with communicative abilities. Psychodiagnostic techniques have been used as research methods: the UCLA solitude scale by D. Russell, L. Peplo, M. Ferguson and the CBS questionnaire. For a quantitative analysis of the obtained data, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient has been used. An analysis of the results allowed us to establish the presence of loneliness in modern adolescents, which is associated with a decrease in their communicative abilities. The results can be used in the practical activities of social psychologists, teachers and educators.

Psychosomatic comorbid conditions in children with enuresis

Enuresis is a considerable medical and socio-psychological problem. The pathophysiology of enuresis remains unknown; none of the existing theories can explain its nature in full. The article reviews the studies devoted to the role of obstructive sleep disturbances in the occurrence of enuresis. The mentioned sleep disturbances in children are associated with other related disorders: pulmonary hypertension, developmental delay, sleepwalking, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and enuresis. Numerous studies confirm the correlation of the mentioned syndromes. The obstruction of the upper respiratory tract during sleep is accompanied by an increase in the efforts of the respiratory muscles and negative intrathoracic pressure, which is associated with high atrial natriuretic peptide and low antidiuretic hormone levels. In most cases the surgical removal of respiratory tract obstruction (adenotonsillectomy) leads to significant improvement or complete resolution of enuresis. This category of patients requires a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach to the examination and treatment by the pediatricians, psycho-neurologists and ENT specialists.

Studying the Social Intelligence of Health Personals as a Socio-Psychological Problem

Studying the Social Intelligence of Health Personals as a Socio-Psychological Problem

Personal anxiety as socio-psychological problem

Personal anxiety as socio-psychological problem

Role conflicts and role overloads in the doctor's activity as a socio-psychological problem

Currently, the leading socio-psychological problem in modern health care is role overloads and role conflicts among medical professionals. Role-based problems can lead to neuropsychiatric stress and become a source of professional stress for doctors. Therefore, in order to provide social assistance and support to doctors, it is necessary to study the sociopsychological factors that determine role conflicts in the professional activity of a doctor and further implement a socially oriented approach in the conditions of modernizing the modern healthcare system.

Constitutional features of the occurrence and course of psoriasis (analysis of scientific literature)

The purpose of the work is to analyze the scientific literature on the constitutional features of the occurrence and course of psoriasis. The analysis of modern scientific literature in the scientific databases PubMed, eLIBRARY.RU and Web of Science was carried out. A review of the literature indicates the current state of the problem of such a disease as psoriasis, which is not only a skin lesion but also a serious socio-psychological problem. Given its chronic nature, lack of etiopathogenetic treatment, and knowing the trigger factors in the right way, it would be a good idea to look for early predisposition for the disease and to form risk groups for such individuals. Ideal in terms of efficiency and cheapness, given the results of the above studies, could be anthropological studies. The study of the constitutional features of the occurrence and course of psoriasis for the population of Ukraine is thus a priority and topical area of research.

PECULIARITIES OF PERSONAL EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL BOUNDARIES

This article is devoted to the current socio-psychological problem seen as peculiarities of personal emotional intelligence with different types of psychological boundaries in the youth. In general terms, the author refers to the psychological boundaries as «Ego» functions, which are aimed at delimiting «my own» from «other», emphasizing the identical and protecting it from the non-identical. Psychological boundaries are considered to be the decisive factor for development, transformation and functioning of emotional intelligence, as a personal phenomenon. Emotional intelligence is considered by the author as a set of abilities to understand, call and recognize emotions. Being a system of affective and cognitive representations, emotional intelligence functions on the borderline of internal and external space. Empirical research is based on key psychological principles: the principle of consistency and the principle of the unity of external influences and internal conditions. We used the following methods and procedures in our study: «Boundaries in the mind» by E. Hartmann, in adaptation of O.A. Shamshikova, V. I. Volokhovoy, 2013; «Self boundary» N. Brown, in adaptation of E. O. Shamshikova, 2010; Emotional Intelligence («EQ») Test by N. Hall in adaptation of E.I. Ilyin, 2001; Emotional Intelligence («EmIn») Test by D. Lusin, 2006. The selection of the study included 58 respondents aged from 23 to 35 y.o. The study consisted of two phases. The first is aimed at establishing the existence of interrelation between personal psychological boundaries and emotional intelligence (for data processing we used Spearman»s rs rang correlation coefficient), the second is aimed at identifying the significant differences of personal emotional intelligence with different types of psychological boundaries (U-Manna Whitney). The study has demonstrated that the better psychological boundaries are formed, the higher is a degree personality»s ability to understand own emotions and emotions of others, as well as to manage these emotions. The highest rates of emotional intelligence are found in individuals with medium level of psychological distntsy.