Sociological Survey Research Articles

Research on factors that activate university students’ research work using the iterative examination process

Introduction. Many issues related to the activation of research work of university students remain insufficiently studied and are an urgent problem of higher professional education. Aim. The present research aimed to identify the main factors influencing the processes of activating students’ research work and to develop recommendations for increasing the activity of students’ participation in this activity. Methodology and research methods. The authors used iterative examination, analysis, comparison, synthesis, and systematisation methods to analyse the results obtained through empirical methods such as questionnaires and sociological surveys. Data collection was conducted through an online survey using the Google Forms Internet service and offline surveys at 16 universities in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation in 2023. A total of 351 scientific experts participated in the survey. The survey results were processed using the IBM SPSS statistical package. Results and scientific novelty. It has been established that a significant contribution to attracting students to research activities is made by the expansion of the use of information technologies in the research process and a system of incentives aimed at increasing the importance of students’ research work in the educational process. The scientific novelty lies in identifying and systematising the main factors that influence the activation of students’ research work in the learning process through the iterative examination process. Practical significance. The results of the conducted research can be used in the practical research work of university students.

ЭКСПЕРТИЗА ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ТЕРМИНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ДЕФИНИЦИЙ СФЕРЫ ЦИФРОВОЙ ЗАНЯТОСТИ

The relevance of the topic presented by the authors is determined by the state of the labor market in the context of the dynamics of modern socio-economic life of society. Developments in technology have made it possible to work using various digital services. This is changing both the nature of work and the way people are employed. The situation of «staff shortage», recognized by both employers and the state, sets the course for the increasingly widespread introduction of digital employment. This article attempts to define a combination of concepts in the field of digital employment for further research. The authors conducted a content analysis of the popularity of the use of terms in the field of digital employment by Internet users. The results of the work can be used as a basis for developing tools for conducting sociological surveys in the field of digital employment.

Assessment of Social Damage from Crime and Proportionality of Punishment to Damage: Legal Economics Approach

The article considers the principle of proportionality of the severity of punishment to public damage from an offense in terms of law and economics and criminology. It presents an overview of various criminological approaches to assessing social damage from different types of crimes, concluding that it is not possible to measure this damage precisely in each specific case. The methodology proposed by Sellin and Wolfgang (Sellin & Wolfgang 1964), which rates the severity of crimes based on sociological surveys, is highlighted as an effective basis for determining the severity of punishment proportional to public damage, though it has its drawbacks. The conclusion offers proposals for synthesizing all the approaches considered in the article to assess public damage from crime and establish the socially optimal severity of punishment for offenses.

The evaluation of professional potential of medical personnel in preventing medical risks at medical care support of patients with inflammatory diseases of maxillary antrum based on integral assessment of quantitative indicators of sociological surveys

The article presents results of quantitative sociological surveys based on original on-line questionnaire that allows to assess professional competence of otorhinolaryngologists in prescribing antibiotics to patients with acute and chronic rhinosinusitis. The professional potential of otorhinolaryngologists within the framework of national security strategy in the field of public health. The pilot approbation was carried out in February-December 2023 by means of quantitative sociological on-line survey of 627 otorhinolaryngologists from 32 subjects of the Russian Federation. The results of sociological survey permit to obtain valuable data to detect problematic aspects of activity of physician. To standardize survey data processing, automated system of collection and processing of information was developed. The proposed evaluation algorithm was successfully adapted for other profiles of medical care and taken as basis of methodology of studying professional potential of specialists of different profiles.

Assessment of the Perception and Attitude of the Judicial Personnel on Justice Reform in the Republic of Moldova

This work analyses the perception and attitude of judicial personnel regarding the implementation of justice reform in the Republic of Moldova. In this regard, an evaluation of the normative framework underlying the strategy for reforming the justice system is conducted, particularly concerning human resource management aspects. In this context, the Justice Reform Strategy for 2022-2025 is analysed, as well as the objectives for ensuring effective justice, reflected in the National Development Strategy “European Moldova 2030”. To assess the perception of judicial personnel on justice reform, a sociological survey was conducted, based on a questionnaire method with 252 respondents participating. The results obtained reveal divergent opinions among human resources within the judicial system regarding the manner of reforming justice.

Using Paradata for Imputation of Missing Values in Sociological Survey Data: Results of Statistical Modeling (Case of Croatia and Slovakia)

Missing values are a common issue in quantitative social researches. One of the ways to handle missing data is by data imputation. This article outlines the challenges of traditional data imputation methods, which often introduce biases, and presents an advanced approach that features integration of paradata—auxiliary information collected during surveys—into the imputation process, using the European Social Survey (ESS) as its dataset. It is proposed that the usage of paradata could enhance predictive models used for imputation. It discusses the practical applications of data imputation, particularly through the lens of sensitive topics such as LGBT issues in socially conservative countries, where missingness could be heavily skewed due to social inacceptability of certain answers. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach towards imputation, the research employs the approach of using the 'ideal dataset', which is a subset of the original dataset with no missing vales, and then introduces artificial missing values that are not MCAR (Missing Completely at Random) to simulate the real case of missing data. Having artificial missingness allows for evaluation of the imputation procedure by comparing it with the original dataset. The study uses a novel approach towards creation of realistic missing data patterns through clustering based on response patterns. The research uses advanced statistical methods to handle missing data, and incorporates paradata from the survey process to improve the accuracy of predictive models. By comparing statistical metrics such as RMSE, MAE, and R-squared, the article evaluates the effectiveness of these methods in mimicking the original dataset's variability.

The interaction of digital devices utilization and behavior indicators of youth health

Nowadays, such digital devices as laptop, tablet, computer, smartphone are an important component of life in all age categories of population that differently affect their health. The article presents analysis of problems of digital behavior of children and youth as related to health. The materials of sociological survey were used to consider mutual effect of recommendations on safe use of digital devices and behavior indicators of health of students. The purpose of the study is to analyze significance of digital behavior for health based on materials of normative legal documents, results of various studies exemplified by students using digital devices in context of various components of self-preservation behavior. The normative legal documents regarding digital educational environment and research materials (including the study "Digital transformation in the life of students" carried out by Russian Society of Sociologists in 2023 in 29 cities of Russia (N=8,734) were analyzed. The study was focused on importance of formation of communication human culture of communication with various types digital devices and advisability to begin this work from children age. The difficulties existing in this area are noted. Among students, almost half of respondents don't follow basic recommendations concerning working with digital devices important for health prevention. The rest of hygiene recommendations are ignored by up to 87% of respondents. The presence of students' attitudes to healthy lifestyle, physical activity and increased self-estimation of health positively affect those who apply recommendations on communication with digital devices. The role of family and pedagogues as subjects in formation of hygienic culture of using digital devices is currently significant, but yet insufficient. The increasing of culture of communication with digital devices among youth and more active orientation on positive health indicators can input into health amelioration.

LANDSCAPES DYNAMICS OF NORTH-EASTERN UZBEKISTAN IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE AND LAND USE CHANGES

The article examines the causes and results of the dynamics of the Western Tien Shan landscapes in the context of climatic and institutional changes. Based on field studies, analysis of multi temporal satellite images over 30 years and sociological surveys of the local people, changes in the landcover and land use of the region were identified. That includes degradation of glacial and subnival landscapes, an increase in the area and change in the structure of agricultural lands, expansion of recreational infrastructure and growth of recreational load, etc. The results obtained can contribute to the development of recommendations for landscape planning of the region and the resolution of conflicts in environmental management, taking into account the interests and needs of the local people.

Researching the possibilities of using digital financial instruments by future economists for sustainable development purposes

Introduction. The authors explore the problem of developing digital financial literacy as the most important characteristic feature of positive financial behavior in the context of the transition to the digital economy. The purpose of this article is to identify priorities and trends in using digital financial instruments by future economists for sustainable development purposes. Materials and Methods. The methodological basis of the study is the strategy of sustainable development, the ideological foundations of which determine the need for readiness to live and act in changing conditions, to plan socio-economic development taking into account the limitations of activities and the consequences of decisions made. The main method of the empirical part of the study is T. Saaty’s scale which was employed in order to identify global priorities in the use of digital financial instruments. A sociological survey was conducted among students of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Omsk State University named after F.M. Dostoevsky, Omsk State Technical University, schoolchildren of specialized economics classes (Gymnasia 19, Omsk) to identify priorities and trends in the use of digital financial instruments by future economists, taking into account gender and age preferences. Results. The ideas about the level of awareness about the problem of developing digital financial literacy are systematized, explaining the relationship between digital and financial literacy from the point of view of the prospects of the socio-economic space. Global priorities of the use of digital financial instruments by respondents were identified: the general sample prefers to work with optimal combinations of 2 banking payment systems. Analysis of correlations by gender shows that male respondents are better than the sample at the range limits, and female respondents are in the middle. The interpretation of the answers characterizes the women’s choice as stable, middle options of behavior (2-3 cards), which are less risky. Men, on the contrary, consider risk as a challenge that encourages activity, and go to the border of the sample (1-4 cards). A similar trend is typical for the age groups between 17 and 20 years. This, on the one hand, is explained by the psychological peculiarities of gender, and on the other hand, by active advertising campaigns of digital sets of financial services offered by leading Russian banks. An assessment of students’ awareness of new models of the digital economy has been obtained, demonstrating a good correlation as respondents grow older, which determines the positive dynamics of digital financial literacy of future economists (1-4 year undergraduate students) in the light of current labor market trends. Conclusions. The results of the research confirm that active use of digital financial instruments determines affirmative dynamics of positive financial behavior of future economists for the purpose of sustainable socio-economic development.

MEDICAL-SOCIAL SUBSTANTIATION OF THE DIRECTIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF THE REGIONAL CENTRE OF CARDIOLOGY ON THE PRINCIPLES OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (on the example of Kyiv region)

Introduction. The transformation of our country's healthcare system is impossible without quality medical reform. One of the reform's starting directions is improving the provision of cardiac care to the population. Aim. Medical and social substantiation of directions for developing a conceptual model of a regional cardiology centre based on the principles of public-private partnership (on the example of the Kyiv region). Materials and methods. Data from state and industry statistical reports of healthcare institutions of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine and data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, as well as materials from a sociological survey of cardiologists and patients and a survey of 31 experts (highly qualified health care organizers) conducted according to specially developed programs) were the materials in this study. The research used complex methods: systematic approach and analysis, synthesis, generalization, interpretation, medical-statistical and sociological method, expert assessment and conceptual modelling method. Results. Stable high levels of circulatory system disease prevalence among the adult population of the Kyiv region and differences depending on different age groups, increase in the mortality rate due to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the studied time intervals and the mortality rate of cardiac patients were established. At the same time, there was a decrease in the level of hospitalization of patients along with a decrease in the average number of beds for the treatment of cardiology patients; there were no significant changes in the staffing indicators of health centres of the Kyiv region, which provide cardiac medical care to patients with CVD in 2018-2022. However, there was an increase in the number of cardiovascular surgeon positions for the adult population of the Kyiv region in 2020 by 12.9%, and then a decrease of 7.01% in 2021. The insufficient resource provision of healthcare facilities in which cardiac medical care is provided as evidenced by a significant decrease in the coverage of echocardiography in the study, despite the reform of the network of healthcare facilities in the region. The results of the survey of patients and cardiology specialists revealed significant levels of dissatisfaction with the possibilities of providing and receiving quality cardiology care. Conclusions. A range of problems in the field of providing high-quality cardiac care to the population was determined on the example of the Kyiv region, and a strategy with phased and complex steps to solve the most acute problematic issues was proposed with the proposed project of the Strategic Plan for the development of the regional system of cardiac care for the population of the region for the period 2024-2029.

Отношение российской молодежи к современному отечественному историческому кино (на примере учащейся молодежи г. Краснодара)

The article analyzes the place of Russian historical cinema in the commemorative practices of Russian youth. It substantiates the relevance of studying the ideas conveyed in films of this genre. Based on the data of sociological surveys, statistics from informational and analytical publications, and video hosting platforms, the representation of the historical genre in the Russian film distribution system and audience evaluations of films released in recent years are investigated. Given that modern youth tend to process information visually, cinema serves as a communicative transmitter and can be one of the primary sources of historical knowledge. Using data from a sociological survey of students in Krasnodar, the study examines the attitudes of the youth audience towards modern historical films. Conclusion dwells upon the fact that the unpopularity of domestic films in this genre among young people is determined by both the quality of the films themselves and the limited scope of their genres. By analyzing the intersection between youth cultural consumption and historical representation in cinema, this study sheds light on the broader implications for how history is taught and perceived by younger generations. It suggests that enhancing the thematic diversity and production quality of historical films could increase their appeal and educational impact.

Профессионально-образовательная мобильность современной молодежи: современное понимание и ключевые тенденции

The article examines issues that cover the subject field of the essence of professional and educational mobility of modern youth, its types, as well as the factors that support and stimulate it. Particular attention in the research process is paid to the career scenarios that underpin professional and educational mobility. The features of employment and professional education in the traditional and new economy are outlined. In addition, the emphasis is placed on the synergetic paradigm, within which a modern understanding of the category of professional and educational mobility is developing. Practical aspects of the mobility of the younger generation in Russia are considered using the results of a sociological survey conducted by the Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Conclusion dwells upon the fact that professional and educational mobility of young people contributes to increasing the competitiveness of future workers in the labor market, which is associated with career scenarios, requirements, favorable social and organizational factors that contribute to the fastest integration into a new community.

Муниципальная общественность и развитие делиберативных процессов на местном уровне (на примере разрешения городских конфликтов)

The study examines the role of the public as an institution of local democracy in deliberative processes, emphasizing its significance in resolving urban conflicts. Specific examples of urban conflict resolution in the city of Surgut, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, are utilized. Methods employed include content analysis of mass media, expert surveys, and mass sociological surveys. The research demonstrates that urban conflicts possess substantial potential for resolution through consensus-based approaches. Therefore, the concept of “deliberative democracy” is quite applicable for analyzing such conflicts at the local level. However, achieving such a consensus necessitates the aggregation and articulation of citizen demands. This, in turn, underscores the need for a local policy actor to function within the political space of the city. In this context, the local community serves as this actor. The internal structure of the municipal public is described, along with the factors contributing to its successful performance as an actor in the deliberative process at the municipal level. In conclusion, the local community plays a crucial role in deliberative processes, especially in the resolution of urban conflicts. The study highlights the structural dynamics and critical factors that enable the local community to effectively function as a deliberative actor in local governance.

Transformation of human capital of scientists-women in the Era of COVID-19 and digitalization

The paper reflects an analysis examining the human capital transformation among female scientists in STEM and NON-STEM sectors in the era of COVID-19 and digitalisation focusing on young scientists in Ukraine. The human capital of these young female scientists is categorised into three groups within Ukrainian science: Doctor of Sciences, PhD and scientists without a scientific degree. The research methodology includes the method of analysis and synthesis for the theoretical and statistical analysis of the sociological survey for the results. The main issues regarding the realisation of the potential of young female scientists in the era of COVID-19 and digitalisation are defined. Innovativeness is proven to be the key indicator in the context of digitalisation. The main limitation of the research is the COVID-19 restrictions present at the time of conducting the sociological survey.

Author’s Creativity in Professional Activities

The article analyzes such a phenomenon of human activity as creativity. Examining a brief historical background of the origin of creative activity, it is noted that it accompanies humanity from the moment of its appearance to the present day for the aestheticization of the external appearance and surrounding life. Many famous scientists, philosophers and psychologists define creativity, on the one hand, as a process of creative development of material and spiritual values, and on the other, as an extraordinary approach to solving standard work functions. In the course of a rapid analysis of various types of professions, it was revealed that creativity is associated with a variety of human activities, with which, as it often seems, it is not directly related: sports, cooking, medicine, etc. In this regard, as the main problematic of the article, a large What is important is the disclosure of the concepts of author’s creativity in professional activities. Author’s creativity implies an individual approach and difference from other authors in the search for storylines and the use of tools, materials, and techniques in various variations. The artistic works of the authors of the article, M. Krasnova and Yu. Zelenova, are presented as examples of author’s creativity in professional activities., as well as the best works of MABiU students (Moscow). The main goal of the work was to study and rank the concepts of author’s creativity among an audience of creative youth (students of creative profiles of college and university) using the method of sociological survey. This showed that through creativity, first of all, young authors search for ways of self-expression, and the state of internal balance and the presence of an internal desire for discovery are necessary conditions for productive creative activity among young people.

Behavioral Segmentation of Personnel in the Human Resource Management System of Universities

In the conditions of modernization of higher education, the importance of effective methods of managing the personnel potential of universities and higher education institutions is increasing. The use of segmentation allows you to form an effective strategy for personnel management of various categories, minimize personnel risks, save time and financial resources. The purpose of the study is to identify the technologies of behavioral segmentation of the organization’s personnel and to consider the possibilities of their use in the management of the human resources potential of higher education institutions. The analysis of the data of sociological surveys indicates the presence of significant difficulties in conducting behavioral segmentation of university teachers, which is due to a wide range of objective and subjective factors that determine the specifics of professional strategies of teachers. Based on the research results, a variant of behavioral segmentation of teachers is proposed, taking into account two factors: on the one hand, the level of expectations from work, requests to the employer, the most significant for teachers, on the other hand, the level of practical implementation of requests and expectations from the professional activity of teachers. The general characteristics and boundaries of the segments allocated depending on behavioral characteristics can become the basis for the development and implementation of a differentiated personnel policy, the formation of an effective system of motivation of employees of different categories. The behavioural segmentation of teachers, proposed by the author of this study, is based on general marketing approaches to the analysis of motivational orientations and preferences of a specific category of employees; the article considers a wide range of factors that determine teachers’ satisfaction with their work. The complexity of the implementation of these approaches is due to the fact that there is no universal toolkit for behavioral segmentation of personnel, and the choice of criteria and methods for separating and dividing personnel should be specified each time taking into account the objectives facing managers.

Behavioral insights in education: Intellectual data analysis for management

This research utilizes intellectual data analysis to deepen insights into educational dynamics by examining university professors' behavioral responses to education management amidst socioeconomic uncertainty. The study applied sophisticated regression and cluster analysis tools to sociological survey data, focusing on professors' attitudes toward distance education. The survey assessed perceptions of its advantages and disadvantages, aiming to uncover factors influencing professors' inclinations toward this mode of teaching. Results revealed six distinct behavioral "profiles" or clusters of professors, each with unique responses to distance education. These insights guide recommendations for educational policy priorities aimed at addressing weaknesses in education management. Key strategies proposed include forming databases of behavioral responses and employing algorithms for deep intellectual analysis. Such measures intend to align educational practices with the values, welfare needs, and communication preferences of the scholarly community, thereby enhancing their propensity for distance education. The study concludes that a higher level of academic engagement in distance education can be achieved by tailoring educational strategies to the specific needs and values of different professor groups. This approach promises to improve the effectiveness of education management and the overall quality of education, benefiting both professors and students by creating a more supportive and effective teaching environment.

Youth Identity Development on the Basis of Traditional Kazakh Folk Music

This study strived to determine the most popular music genre among young Kazakhs in the context of personal, social, and national identity development, specify the relationship between musical preferences and personality type, and disclose the level of influence of traditional Kazakh folk music on the identity of the Kazakh youth. The authors conducted a survey and a test by taking advantage of such research methods as sociological survey, statistical analysis, social phenomena cognition (assessment, analogy tracking, comparison), psychological and typological concepts of Jung, as well as Abulkhanova-Slavskaya’s methodology for revealing personality traits. As a result of the investigation, hip-hop and rap were identified as the most popular music genres among the respondents (42.2%). Analysis of the data obtained in accordance with Abulhanova-Slavskaya’s personality typology revealed that 89% of the respondents preferring blues/jazz, classical music, and folk music demonstrated personality traits corresponding to the reflexive personality type; 91% of punk/rock and heavy metal fans showed conformity to the contemplative personality type; 87.5% of pop-music lovers were attributed the harmonious personality type; 93.5% of hip-hop and rap music fans – the productive personality type; 84% of traditional music fans – the performing type; and 96% of fans of pop with folk tunes – the functional type. It was also uncovered that 89% of the respondents who preferred traditional music belonged to the sensitive personality type characterized by impressionability, openness, empathy, alertness, firmness, conscientiousness, and, at the same time, inferiority complexes, and a tendency to psychogenic depressions and phobias.

Роль родителей в профессиональном самоопределении детей

The article analyzes the role of parents in children’s professional self-determination. The authors conducted a sociological survey among graduates of pedagogical, medical, and technical universities in Yaroslavl. The results showed that key factors in professional self-identification are family values and a reference person, rather than the opinions of friends or advertising in the media. Children from families with a service-oriented mission (e.g., teachers, military personnel, firefighters, police officers, healthcare workers) typically follow their parents’ life path. The majority of students surveyed acknowledged that their parents’ opinion plays an important role in their choice of future education and profession. However, only a small number of parents preferred to stay out of the way when it comes to choosing their children's educational and professional path. The study revealed that the professional goals of most children from doctor’s families coincided with those of their parents. On the other hand, students who entered university under parental coercion were found to have lower academic performance. These students are more likely to suffer from stress, apathy and alcohol dependence compared to those who independently and consciously chose their place of study. Students who, thanks to their parents’ support, actively developed through after-school activities (for example, dance or sports), quickly identified their strengths and weaknesses, and consciously chose their university and future profession. The author notes that medical education is an elite and inherited profession, as many students in medical universities have family members related to medicine. Obviously, in the context of social change, it's difficult to find a stable, well-respected, well-paying job that allows for social connections.

ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ОБІЗНАНОСТІ МОЛОДІ ЩОДО ОСОБЛИВОСТЕЙ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ МОЛОДІЖНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ В УКРАЇНІ

The article is devoted to the study of the role of youth in the formation and implementation of state youth policy. The author proves that youth is a powerful «resource» for any state. The further success of all social processes depends on how conscious and active young people are. In March 2024, a sociological survey was conducted among young people aged 14-35, the results of which formed the basis of the scientific article. The main purpose of such a sociological survey is to study the views of young people on possible prospects for participation in the formation of youth policy and their vision of current directions for the implementation of youth policy in Ukraine. The process of forming a questionnaire, developing questions and determining the age category of respondents, which was the main focus of the study, is revealed. It is noted that the questionnaire was created in Google form, which facilitated the process of sending the questionnaire to Viber and Telegram, as well as posting it on Facebook and Instagram. The author lists the questions included in the questionnaire and emphasizes which ones were emphasized. The answers to the questions presented in the questionnaire were analyzed. At the same time, the answers to individual questions that are interrelated were compared. Based on the analysis of the questionnaires, the relevant conclusions were drawn. In particular, the following issues need to be addressed: raising awareness among young people about opportunities to influence state-building processes, as well as about youth councils and youth NGOs; getting young people interested rather than forcing them to do something; ensuring conditions for youth participation by creating youth advisory bodies; holding events and implementing programmes and projects developed by young people; and systematic support for youth work by the authorities.