Sociological Study Research Articles

Феномен «старой» и «новой» армянской диаспоры Краснодарского края: особенности самосознания, адаптации и интеграции

Based on the results of a sociological study, the article analyzes the ethnic identity, as well as the features of adaptation and integration into the host society of representatives of the “old” and “new” Armenian diaspora of Krasnodar Krai. Conclusion dwells upon the fact that the Armenian Diaspora, which was formed as a result of a series of migration waves and is often viewed from the outside as a single entity, is in fact quite diverse and internally differentiated. As a result, the article analyzes some forms of ethnic self-consciousness of represent-atives of the “old” and “new” diasporas. Major migration waves due to the historical and political context of the resettlement of Armenians in Krasnodar Krai are described. Using the study of ethnic and civic self-consciousness and ethno-social identity of diaspora representatives, the degree (depth) and main forms of integration of representatives of various migration waves both into the structures of the diaspora itself and the host society as a whole are revealed.

Perception of the Course by the Students of Moscow Universities «Fundamentals of Russian Statehood (based on the results of in-depth research)

The article presents data on the study of the perception of the Moscow university students of the course "Fundamentals of Russian Statehood". To obtain data on the perception of the course "Fundamentals of Russian Statehood" by the student youth, the author conducted a sociological study using the method of individual in-depth interviews (30 first-year students of Moscow universities who are teaching this discipline). In the course of the study, the theoretical and methodological basis was studied, affecting the issue of perception by modern youth of certain development trends and problems of society. The study is an important stage in the study of the influence of the new course "Fundamentals of Russian Statehood" on the formation of the worldview of students. The article analyzes the attitude of young people to youth politics in Russia today, to the course "Fundamentals of Russian Statehood" and its influence on the formation of awareness of belonging to Russian society, the development of a sense of citizenship, as well as on the creation of a spiritual, moral and cultural foundation of a developed and integral personality who realized the peculiarities of the historical path of our state and the identity of its political organization. The results of the study show that the perception of the course "Fundamentals of Russian Statehood" depends on various factors, in particular on the individual preferences and expectations of students. The new course is not only an educational program, but also a tool of social impact aimed at the formation of patriotic consciousness and civic responsibility among the younger generation. The results of the study supplement the accumulated knowledge by obtaining up-to-date data on the perception of the student youth of Moscow universities of the course "Fundamentals of Russian Statehood", clarify various aspects of the content of this course, which in the future will help other authors in the study of the topic.

Significance of Uttar Prdesh in Indian Politics : A Study

ABSTRACT Uttar Pradesh's historical context highlights the state's crucial role in the political development of India. UP's rich historical tapestry highlights its lasting influence on Indian politics as the birthplace of notable leaders and the focal point of significant political movements. The political landscape of Uttar Pradesh has been influenced by many socio-economic causes, caste dynamics, and regional identities, ranging from the liberation fight to current electoral struggles. A multifaceted approach is required for a thorough examination of UP's political relevance. To understand the intricacies of UP's political dynamics, academics use a variety of approaches, such as historical study, electoral analysis, sociological studies, and policy evaluations. To provide a comprehensive picture of UP's place in Indian politics, quantitative techniques like election data analysis are used in conjunction with qualitative ones like ethnographic study. Uttar Pradesh becomes a pivotal point in Indian politics, shaping national narratives, election results, and policy agendas. By carefully analyzing its socio-political dynamics, historical legacy, and governance issues, academics illuminate UP's lasting importance in defining Indian democracy.

Locating the digital in literary translatorship

Abstract Thanks to the inclusion of sociological perspectives in the development of translator studies, the roles played by literary translators in the movement of texts between languages and cultures, and their positions within the fields of power that govern these processes, have become increasingly popular objects of study. However, despite the focus of sociological and translator studies on the agency and habitus of translators in literary translation processes, little has been done to connect this work to the ever-changing and proliferating digital contexts in which literary translation now takes place. This introductory article therefore seeks to position existing perspectives on literary translatorship within contemporary digital contexts whilst highlighting the increasing role of digital technology within literary translation processes, thereby emphasising the need to include digital technologies within all forms of research on contemporary literary translatorship going forwards.

Journalism and Translation: Practices, Strategies, and Values in News Agencies

Information transmitted between cultures through news agencies, are not only translated in meaning between languages, but are also reconfigured, edited, synthes ized and transformed for the consumption of a new group of readers. In the world of global media, the definition of translation is being challenged and the boundaries of what we might call translation have been reformulated. By investigating mechanisms of news translation, we seek through our research paper to collect a number of foundations proposed by many greatest thinkers in this field. Today, the so-called global communication strategies, does exist. Studies of globalization, media studies, sociology and translation have vast areas of common interest. The question of global information flows is related to the ways in which the media build news stories, and the transmission of these laters often involves moving, not only across space, but also across linguistic and cultural boundaries, which makes the collision between international media and translation, occurs.

Merchants of Certainty: Reconsidering Scientific Credibility and Prestige

At the California State Polytechnic University in San Luis Obispo, where I teach, the subjects traditionally defined as “science”—physics, chemistry, biology—make their institutional home in the College of Science and Mathematics. The history department, on the other hand, is housed in the College of Liberal Arts, alongside philosophy, English, psychology, and the umbrella “social sciences” of sociology, anthropology, and religious studies, to name a few. Why, one might ask, have these fields been organized this way? What exactly distinguishes science from the liberal arts? Meanwhile, within the College of Science and Mathematics, highly credentialed professors offer courses in astronomy and chemistry, but not astrology and alchemy. Why not? My students might respond that the answers are obvious: alchemy is not real science, of course, and whereas science is objective and empirical, the liberal arts are subjective and interpretive. But where did these distinctions originate? Who determines and maintains them? What, if anything, can the history of these categories tell us about the waxing and waning of scientific authority in the twentieth century?

The postwar Columbia tradition in sociology: Its cognitive commonalities and social mechanisms

For a period of some three decades (1940s–1970s) the faculty and graduate students at the Department of Sociology at Columbia University, and its associated research unit (the Bureau of Applied Social Research: BASR), successfully produced a stream of innovative sociological studies which was particularly important in building on the foundations of classical sociology to establish modern sociology. Modern Sociology was produced as a theoretically sophisticated scientific enterprise firmly based on a solid empirical foundation produced by appropriate social research methods (as master-minded by Paul F. Lazarsfeld). The ‘Columbia Tradition’ is an approach, rather than being focussed on any particular subject matter, involved the development of ‘middle-range theory’, often broken-out from classic theory (as propounded by Robert K. Merton), and backed up by efforts at knowledge cumulation and institution building. But the School included a glittering array of important sociologists and hosts of others who extended the work of the two leaders, developing it in further directions, as is expected of any school. This school was sustained by the vision of a developing scientific sociology propounded by its founders, but it faltered as its founders retired from active leadership roles, in addition to being impacted by changes in Columbia University and broader Sociology environments.

Study of the reasons for young people moving to large cities (based on the example of a pilot sociological study)

Study of the reasons for young people moving to large cities (based on the example of a pilot sociological study)

The Influence of social media on Human and Social Communications: A Sociological Study

The study investigates the impact of social media on human communication and societal dynamics through a survey-based approach involving 200 participants. Through the survey, participants' social media usage patterns, perceptions of its influence on human interaction, self-concept, and societal norms were explored. Additionally, qualitative insights were gathered via semi-structured interviews to enrich understanding. Results revealed diverse viewpoints among participants, with a significant acknowledgment of social media's influence on human interaction and societal norms. The study identified varying degrees of behavioural changes attributed to pervasive social media usage, highlighting implications for individual well-being and societal dynamics. Notably, while a substantial proportion agreed on the platform's positive impact on fostering connections and community engagement, dissenting opinions were also observed, indicating a nuanced perspective. In conclusion, the study underscores the complex interplay between social media usage and human behaviour, emphasizing the need for nuanced approaches in understanding its impact. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of contemporary communication patterns and societal norms shaped by social media. The study's implications extend to researchers, practitioners, and policymakers, informing strategies for navigating the evolving landscape of digital communication.

Ties that bind: fashion, textiles, and gendered labour in South Asia today

ABSTRACT As in many parts of the world, throughout South Asia, the various steps in textile production have historically been gendered, with men and women performing their respective specialized jobs. The late twentieth century saw the erosion of these long entrenched gendered roles in the region’s textile/garment industries. As they assume new roles in the workforce, women face challenges, including discrimination and physical danger. How are women negotiating these challenges? How is women’s textile-based labour valued in South Asia today? As artisans of regional heritage textiles, do men and women exercise their creative agency and market their work differently? What support systems are in place to train new generations of heritage textile makers, advocate for garment factory workers, and educate young women from textile making communities? This introduction to the special edition on confluences of gender, labour, and textiles/fashion in contemporary South Asia lays out the questions posed above. It provides a brief overview of textile production in the subcontinent, focusing on makers, markets, the role of gendered labour, and the interventions the following articles make to the field. The authors of the articles in this edition – scholars of art history, sociology, anthropology, political science, media and gender studies, and a textile curator and founder of a textile-based Non-Governmental Organization – offer unique insight into the South Asian textile/garment industry from the vantage point of garment factory workers, activists, socially engaged artists, factory owners, heritage textile makers, and recyclers of discarded fabric.

The role of youth in overcoming the digital divide between generational groups

One of the main resources of modern society is information and digital technologies for its processing. Access to information, digital products and services helps reduce barriers in an individual’s interaction with the state, organizations, and other individuals, and provides opportunities for personal development and active participation in solving social issues. At the same time, the uneven distribution of information infrastructure, differences in the skills of users when working with digital products, as well as varying degrees of motivation of individuals to work on the Internet form digital divide. Based on the key concepts of digital divide, in September 2022 - April 2023, the authors conducted a sociological study in which residents of the Sverdlovsk region took part. Based on the results of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that age is one of the key factors in the reproduction of digital divide, and therefore digital divide between generations of modern Russian society is relevant. The results of the study demonstrated the leading role of youth in bridging the digital divide between generational groups, since young Internet users have more developed digital skills, and representatives of the older generation are ready to acquire these skills when interacting with youth.

Attitudes of Labor Migrants from Central Asia to International Integration Organizations in the Post-Soviet Space

The article presents the results of a sociological empirical study that was conducted from May to August in 2023. Its purpose was to study the attitudes of labor migrants in Russia towards various international integration processes in the post-Soviet space. The objects of the study were workers from Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan, working in Moscow and the Moscow region. The choice of these countries is not accidental, as they are the main migration donors to the Russian Federation in Central Asia. The uniqueness of the research results lies in the fact that despite the certain “popularity” of such an empirical object as “labor migrants.” The analyzed subject has not yet been sufficiently developed theoretically and empirically. Particular attention is paid to the political preferences and migration attitudes of labor migrants. The issue of awareness of foreign workers of the activities of international integration and military-political associations, such as the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), European Union (EU), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and also the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is examined. The paper also presents the respondents’ assessment of the role of these associations in the development of international processes. Separately, the article examines the relationship between Russia and migrant-sending countries. Based on the results of the study, the authors conclude that respondents have a positive attitude towards integration associations in which Russia plays a key role. Moreover, the socio-political attitudes of foreign workers are characterized by a high degree of loyalty to the foreign policy of the Russian Federation. Migrants overwhelmingly support international cooperation between their countries and Russia and share the foreign policy position of the Russian Federation. In conclusion, labor migrants from Central Asia can be considered as a resource and capital of the influence of Russian “soft power.”

An Integrative Approach to Sociology of Disability: A Theoretical Recommendation

A common assertion on disability is that people with disability have disadvantaged living. They are disadvantaged because they have physical, intellectual or sensory impairments, and are exposed to a number of barriers. Furthermore, the combined role of impairment as internal and barrier as external aspect of disability cannot be overruled. Notwithstanding the fact that both impairment and barriers contribute, although not equally, to disabling an individual, key approaches to disability such as Medical Sociology and Disability Studies have tended to reject the aggregate role of impairment and barriers in disabling people; one has to either take side of Medical Sociology and suppose impairment as the key kernel of disability, or relate with Disability Studies and acknowledge social barriers as the sole spirit of disability. This paper however rejects the parochial extremes of both approaches, and assumes impairment and barriers as common determinants of disabling condition. I argue that the types of impairment impede individuals to carry out physical and intellectual work, and existing social barriers reduce their chances of utilizing existent strength thereby pushing them to more difficulties. To conclude, an integrative approach is necessary to enrich disability as a specialized field of sociological inquiry.

Digital Shifts and Ethno-Political Dynamics: Examining Event and Actor Designation in the Cameroon Boko Haram Terrorism Conflict through Print and Online Platforms

This study examines how the issue of ethnic identity is approached in Cameroon within the context of combating Boko Haram terrorism, considering the influence of the rise of social media on journalistic practices. The advent of these platforms has fundamentally altered the landscape of media coverage, challenging the traditional monopoly of journalists in shaping the narrative of news. How does this technological shift affect the discourse, especially in the designation of events and actors in the reporting of Boko Haram terrorism in Cameroon, whether in traditional print media or on online platforms like Facebook? Do these designations in print media and Facebook discussion forums indicate shifts in the dynamics of the Cameroonian media sphere (censorship, government repression, etc.), resulting from the emergence of new voices in digital discursive spaces? This study employs a dual analysis, integrating a critical examination of media discourse with a sociological study of journalistic production. The scrutiny of media discourse is based on the investigation of 497 articles published between 1st January and 30 June 2015, sourced from seven Cameroonian newspapers. The online corpus encompasses 450 written publications from three Facebook forums. We aim to establish a dialectical relationship between newspaper discourse, online content, and the sociological foundations shaping their production. The observed quality of designations in the studied forums unveils a surge in hate speech within the ethno-political landscape of Cameroon. While this phenomenon remained manageable through the intervention of state regulatory bodies in traditional media, the unrestrained nature of online content, coupled with the absence of state control, has facilitated the rise of inter-ethnic discursive hatred in politics. In conclusion, this study underscores the challenges stemming from the evolution of journalistic practices in a technological landscape and emphasizes the urgent need for regulatory frameworks to counteract the upswing in hate speech and inter-ethnic tensions within political discourse.

Understanding digital consumer culture in Indonesia: a case study on youth community in Jakarta using an actor-network theory approach

Purpose This study aims to examine digital consumer culture and behavior in the community, namely, 180° Movement Digital Training Center (DTC), in Jakarta, Indonesia. It aims to describe the dynamics of digital consumer culture in contemporary society, particularly as experienced by the youth community in Jakarta in the context of socio-technology relations and incorporates it into the diagram of digital consumer culture network. Design/methodology/approach This research uses a constructivist qualitative approach and socio-technical relation analysis through actor-network theory and digital consumer culture. Findings The study finds that the individual model of digital consumption is constructed through the process of problematization, interessement, enrollment and mobilization of individuals. It generates a culture in which consumers are constantly up to date with high-intensity information, but within increasingly shorter timeframes, while also considering principles of affordability, needs, desires and satisfaction. The network of digital consumer culture construction among informants is peculiar and unstable. Research limitations/implications The study of digital consumer culture within the 180° Movement DTC community highlights how consumer behaviors of its members are facilitated and interconnected within a digital cultural network. However, this research is constrained by the dialectical interplay between Christian principles and the emerging values of consumer culture, a result of the scarcity of theoretical resources and information. This study also provides a specific contribution as a foundation for mapping the volatile digital consumer culture for researchers. Practical implications Understanding the socio-technological relationships and consumption behavior of the youth community could help digital platforms tailor their services more effectively. It could also guide the 180° Movement DTC in developing programs that resonate with the youth, bridging the gap between the physical and virtual realms. Ultimately, this could lead to a more engaged and digitally literate society. Social implications This study contributes to a broader societal understanding of how digital technology is shaping consumer behavior and identity within youth communities, which can influence social dynamics and interactions. It provides insights into the potential social impacts of digital technology, such as changes in relationships, communication patterns and self-perception, informing societal discourse on digital culture. Originality/value In addition to presenting socio-technological analysis on Indonesian consumer culture using actor-network theory, some also show that studies on digital connectivity ambivalence that concern the relationship between humans as actors and non-humans as actors have become one of the popular sociology studies at present.

Post-institutionalism versus economic science: Critical analysis

The article analyzes post­institutionalism, highlighting its inability to present a “new mainstream” in institutional studies in economics. Pointing out some real problems of institutional studies of modern society, post­institutionalism does not provide what economic theory needs. The rejection of functionalism, rationalism and efficiency and optimality criteria sidetracks this approach to the field of sociology and cultural studies; de­economization is also effected on account of target substitution of institution transplanting. Another essential problem is the confusion of notions through their “unsealing” that enables an “alternate” interpretation of blockchain and allows to oppose against the transaction costs minimization principle, basing on the criticisms of the Coase Theorem. Rejecting this interpretation, the article claims that the studies of the institutional complexity of modern society does not require refusal of classical approaches, but their clarification. The paper also criticizes the call for “postdisciplinarity” and raises the question of the quality of interdisciplinary institution researches.

Medical Care as Flea Market Bargaining? An International Interdisciplinary Study of Varieties of Shared Decision Making in Physician–Patient Interactions

Phenomenon: Shared decision making (SDM) is a core ideal in the interaction between healthcare providers and patients, but the implementation of the SDM ideal in clinical routines has been a relatively slow process. Approach: In a sociological study, 71 interactions between physicians and simulated patients enacting chronic heart failure were video-recorded in China, Germany, the Netherlands, and Turkey as part of a quasi-experimental research design. Participating physicians varied in specialty and level of experience. The secondary analysis presented in this article used content analysis to study core components of SDM in all of the 71 interactions and a grounded theory approach to observe how physicians responded actively to patients even though they did not actively employ the SDM ideal. Findings: Full realization of the SDM ideal remains an exception, but various aspects of SDM in physician–patient interaction were observed in all four locations. Analyses of longer interactions show dynamic processes of interaction that sometimes surprised both patient and physician. We observed varieties of SDM that differ from the SDM ideal but arguably achieve what the SDM ideal is intended to achieve. Our analysis suggests a need to revisit the SDM ideal—to consider whether varieties of SDM may be acceptable, even valuable, in their own right. Insights: The gap between the SDM ideal and SDM as implemented in clinical practice may in part be explained by the tendency of medicine to define and teach SDM through a narrow lens of checklist evaluations. The authors support the argument that SDM defies a checklist approach. SDM is not uniform, but nuanced, dependent on circumstances and setting. As SDM is co-produced by patients and physicians in a dynamic process of interaction, medical researchers should consider and medical learners should be exposed to varieties of SDM-related practice rather than a single idealized model. Observing and discussing worked examples contributes to the physician’s development of realistic expectations and personal professional growth.

Attitude towards the risk-based approach implementation into the russian healthcare system among employees of medical organizations

Aim of the study was to develop recommendations for improving procedures and unifying the content of risk management of the healthcare system to preserve public health based on an analysis of the opinions of doctors, organizers and experts of the healthcare system. Material and methods. As part of a quantitative online survey conducted from September to December, 2022, 104 respondents working in the healthcare system of the Russian Federation were interviewed. Additionally, 6 in-depth interviews were conducted with the organizers and experts of the healthcare sector as part of a qualitative sociological study. Desk research included analysis of scientific literature, and the regulatory framework related to the introduction of a risk-based approach to healthcare. Results and discussion. The article presents an analysis the perception of risks in healthcare by doctors, organizers and experts at the level of a medical organization, of the healthcare system and of public health (macro level), with the identification and classification of the main risk groups, on the basis of which risk-management’ measures can be built. The results of the study testify to the insufficiently deep introduction of risk management into the management system of medical organizations. The half of the respondents noted the low and extremely low level of risk management principles’ usage in their own organizations (50 % of respondents) and in Russian medical organizations in general (58.6 % of respondents). At the same time, from a third to a half of the participants found that it was difficult to answer about risk management implementation in their organizations, due to the lack of a unified methodology, imperfection of standards and quality control system of this set of measures, lack of specialists who could manage risks, lack of educational activities. To introduce a systematic approach to the unification of risk management processes, it is necessary to develop and approve the methodology of best practices, as well as take care of the training of specialists. Conclusions. In order to implement a systematic approach to the unification of risk management processes, it is necessary to develop and approve a methodology of best practices, as well as to take care of the training of specialists. It is imperative that hospital managers and staff focus on improving the organizational culture of patient safety management as the basis for their mission to preserve public health. It is necessary to continue further research in this direction in order to develop a strategy for countering risks at the level of public health as a medical and social resource of society.

Tinjauan Literatur Transformasi Sosial dalam Era Virtual

Social transformation in the virtual era has become an increasingly relevant research subject with the expanding penetration of digital technology in human life. Recent literature studies reveal various aspects related to virtual sociology, including the formation of online communities, the role of technology in identity formation, and the impact of social media on culture and public opinion. This research aims to compile a comprehensive literature review on social transformation in the virtual era, identifying current trends, important findings, and recent developments in virtual sociology studies. Additionally, this study aims to investigate the social impacts arising from changes in social interaction and culture in the digital world. Employing a comprehensive literature review approach, this research gathers and evaluates various relevant literary sources, including journal articles, books, research reports, and other information sources related to social transformation in the virtual era. The findings of this research provide a deeper understanding of social dynamics in the virtual era, including the formation of online communities, digital identity, and the role of social media in shaping public opinion. The information obtained from this literature review can serve as a reference for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in addressing challenges and opportunities arising from social changes driven by digital technology. The social transformation in the virtual era plays a significant role in shaping the dynamics of modern society. Studies on virtual sociology offer valuable insights into how digital technology influences human behavior, interaction, and social structures in the virtual world.

Mimetic desire in Augustine’s Confessiones as a model for natural theology and virtue ethics

This article examined the concept and notability of mimetic desire in Augustine’s autobiographical work Confessiones. Mimetic desire is based primarily on the knowledge that there is a Perfect Being, viz. God, ideal forms (in Platonic idiom), which may be known and imitated by humans. Mimesis demonstrates that humans have a natural capacity and tendency to imitate and possess what others have. Despite this, in popular culture, mimesis has the connotation of feyness and is discouraged in place of inventiveness. The culture and spirit of our day promote originality and inventiveness without an understanding of the human nature and its inherent mimetic desires. The concept of mimetic desire is rooted in Rene Girard’s theory of anthropology but can be traced back as far as Plato’s Republic. Therefore, this interdisciplinary concept has been explored through Augustine’s narratological composition of Confessiones. The introspective tone and cultural forming narratives that make up Confessiones were succinctly examined in the context of mimetic theory. The triangular structure of mimetic desire was further explored to gain a better understanding of how Augustine relied on mimesis in his conversion to Christianity. The choice of imitating authentic models led to Augustine’s moral renewal, and likewise such implications are relevant to modern-day Christians. Moreover, this article aims to promote the concept of mimesis as an ideal practise concerning human nature and conditioning, towards a virtuous and morally acceptable society. The results of this article underline the importance of narrative theory and friendship in developing positive cultures through mimesis. Through contrasting Augustine’s earlier Manichaean life and his later Christian life, an illustration of mimetic desire can be drawn, and for Augustine, this could only mean Christ.Contribution: This article contributes to the ongoing interdisciplinary studies of ontology, anthropology, theology, and sociology. By interpreting or reading Augustine’s Confessiones through the lens of mimetic desire, this article offers an alternative perspective on Augustine’s natural theology and virtue ethics. It further presents the conceptual framework of mimesis on Christian and Platonist praxis of the ideal forms. Moreover, the article of the narratological composition of Confessiones expounds the importance of interpersonal relationships in our spiritual growth. The triangular structure of mimesis was further expounded in the context of interior life, viz. interior homo [inner man] as the ultimate model.