Sociological Interpretation Research Articles

ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИЯ ПРАВА В СОЦИОЛОГИИ М. ВЕБЕРА

The paper outlines a relatively little studied part of We-berian sociology, in which the essence of its sociologi-cal and legal views is revealed. We examine the views of M. Weber regarding the issue of understanding and perception of law, from the perspective of sociological interpretation. The question of the influence of socially significant institutions of society on the formation of the image of law in the paradigm of sociological assess-ments is raised. An important place is given to the anal-ysis of legal behavior, characterized by M. Weber, as the most rational. The author analyzes the issue of em-pirical legal understanding, which, in M. Weber’s posi-tion, acts as the basis for the interpretation of law as an observable social reality; the approach is different from the usual legal-dogmatic understanding of law. The study of the Weberian concept of law allows you to take a different look at the assessment of familiar for legal science concepts, such as law, legal understanding, law and order, legality and many others.

Rule of law in Africa: the relevance of an interpretivist sociological approach

The concept of rule of law has historically been dealt with from philosophical, legal and political contexts. A sociological perspective seems to have been ignored. For the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 16 to be attained and for the ‘people’ perspective to bear fruit, specifically, an interpretive sociological analysis becomes necessary because it focuses on understanding the meaning of rule of law from the view-point of communities. SDG 16 aims to “promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels”, and target #3 focuses on promotion of the rule of law at the national and international levels and ensure equal access to justice for all.This interpretation is in context of the communities, their beliefs, values, actions, behaviours, and social relationships with people and the institutions responsible for upholding rule of law. In an interpretive approach, understanding some of the different social units, processes, and contexts in which rule of law prevails is critical. This paper essentially stresses the importance of interpretive sociological approach to rule of law. It attempts to sketch out how an interpretive sociological approach can be mainstreamed into the rule of law philosophy. In an interpretive approach, rule of law is studied as an integral and constitutive part of social institutions, groupings and communities and challenges hegemonic practices about pure legal approaches. The argument being advanced is that interpretive sociological approach to rule of law requires involvement in the study of both participants as the object of inquiry. This may involve assessing whether rule of law is in sync with the communities or it is a process from without that is used by institutions to maintain order in societies. Rule of law sociology attempts to establish a relationship between what is claimed is rule of law and what the communities perceive it to be in reality. This paper considers how rule of law has been studied; provide an interpretive sociological perspective to rule of law, rule of law in Africa from a historic perspective; and how the difference interpretive sociology can make to ensure that the law and development intersect for Africa to meet its Agenda 2030 targets.

Феноменологічний огляд В. Ізером процесу читання в контексті його «літературної антропології»

The phenomenological review of V. Izer's reading process in the context of «literary anthropology» is analyzed. The philosopher makes a distinction between interpretation and reception. The first, in his opinion, gives the imagination a «semantic definition», and the second – a sense of aesthetic, object. The first passes within the limits of the «semantic orientations» of the literary theory, and the second – within the limits of the cultural and anthropological context. The article deals with the philosophical analysis of the reception aesthetics. For the supporters of this theoretical direction, there is an inherent shift of attention from the problems of creativity and literary work to the problem of its reception or, in other words, from the level of psychological, sociological or anthropological interpretation of the creative biography, to the level of perceived consciousness. Receptive aesthetics gives the reader privilege in the «text/reader» paradigm and gives him the cognitive and affective ability to create his own text from this text.

La educación intercultural y los pueblos indígenas en el Estado de Guerrero, México

El artículo sostiene que la educación intercultural emancipa a los pueblos indígenas y contribuye a la construcción de una democracia dialógica. Además, señala que la escuela juega un papel importante, puesto que promueve el respeto al Otro, fomenta saberes y aprendizajes más horizontales entre los estudiantes y docentes. Pero, también indica que la falta de presupuesto, la burocracia, la discriminación y el rechazo a la cultura no occidental impiden la construcción de una nueva escuela. Dicho esto, el propósito de este trabajo consiste en analizar la situación actual de los pueblos indígenas y la educación en el estado de Guerrero. La discusión sobre este tema permite que los actores educativos y la sociedad reconsideren el hecho de que el diálogo intercultural refuerza el sentido de pertenencia y de identidad de aquellas comunidades como los amuzgos, mixtecos, nahuas y tlapanecos, quienes se han visto en situación de marginalidad durante estos últimos decenios. En cuanto a la metodología, nos apoyamos en la sociología reflexiva e interpretativa con la finalidad de llevar a cabo un análisis minucioso de las fuentes bibliográficas y hemerográficas, pero también de las complejidades, posibilidades y paradojas del sistema educativo mexicano.

The soup of the scholar: food ideology and social order in Song China

This essay explores the food discourse elaborated by Chinese intellectuals in the Song period (960–1279) and puts forward a hypothesis concerning its social function. Starting from the Bourdieusian idea that different consumption styles support different visions of the social order, I first define luxurious eating and describe its social diffusion in Song. I then document and analyze the food ideology of frugality, characterized by an emphasis on simple cooking and naturalness as well as by a form of controlled hedonism which I call “Epicurean.” Finally, I offer a sociological interpretation of this food ideology, which I understand as an expression of Song intellectuals’ cultural capital: the scholars euphemistically took position against luxurious eating and the “temporal” (i.e. economic capital dominated) vision of the social order it signified; through the ideology of frugality, they supported an alternative, “spiritual” vision of society in which status is based on culture rather than wealth.

PROFESSIONAL AND LABOR IDENTITY OF OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY EMPLOYEES: METHODOLOGY OF SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH

The article discusses sociological approaches of foreign sociologists to the study of professional and labor identity. On their basis, a sociological interpretation of the concept of “professional-labor identity”, its structural components and mechanisms of formation is shown. The methodology of a sociological study of professional and labor identity of employees in the oil and gas industry is presented.

Book love. A cultural sociological interpretation of the attachment to books

Why do people in the UK read and collect books when there are so many other sources of information and forms of story-telling available? What are the material and experiential bases of book love? People are attached to books because books are icons: they embody and enable the realisation of sacred cultural goods. Books do not simply communicate or signal social values or ideas. Aesthetic immersion in books’ materiality allows for these values to be realised. On the basis of the qualitative analysis of 43 interviews and 60 responses to the UK’s Mass Observation project this article advances the cultural sociology of reading by bridging theories of iconicity and attachment and placing materiality at the centre of the analysis. The data are used to illustrate the powerful appeal of the practical fusion of three elements: the material, surface properties of books; the highly valued cultural goods that books represent and realise; and the act of reading.

Digital society: sociological perspective

Based on the analysis of various theoretical positions in the framework of modern sociological theory, the article attempts to identify and describe the most important features of modern society. These features result from scientific and technical innovations of the first two decades of the 21st century, which are unprecedented in their scale and speed. The first part of the article discusses the factors that determine peculiarities of the observed social trends and changes. Further, within the Triple Revolution concept, these factors receive a sociological interpretation. It is concluded that modernity can be read through its basic characteristics such as: growing complexity of the social system, mobility, network expansion, increased connectedness and digitalization. These characteristics of modernity demonstrate the onset of the era of digital society.

Big Gods, socio-cultural evolution and the non-obvious merits of a sociological interpretation

ABSTRACT Much of the recent, renewed interest in the cultural evolution of religion has been driven by findings in experimental and cognitive psychology, and, as a result of disciplinary boundaries, sociologists have engaged very little with this new data and theory. In order to bring sociology formally back into this discussion, we provide in this paper five sociological sources for the birth and diffusion of ‘Big God’ ideation (with monotheism serving as a paradigmatic case). Agentically, we suggest that Big God beliefs assuaged existential anxiety, aided in elite legitimation and were useful for religious entrepreneurs hoping to establish new institutional fields. Structurally, we suggest that Big God beliefs may have been an epiphenomenal attempt by people to symbolically represent the centralization of political authority and the intensified use of new technologies. We conclude with a general theory of the cultural evolution of Big Gods that integrates these agentic and structural explanations.

Graduates of Private Schools and the Greek University: Empirical data and sociological interpretations through the period of crisis

Ιn modern Greece, the entrance in higher education is considered a kind of social 'fetish'. In this concept, the Greek family diachronically strives to provide its members with an academic perspective, even if this parental choice is linked to many economic and psychological sacrifices. Private education is often associated with the perspective of a better academic and career prospect which is necessarily linked to entrance procedures at the Greek university. During the period (2001-2011) the representation of private school graduates in the total student population seems to be under "representative normality”. Additionally, private school students appear to have the same overall possibilities (neither less nor more) with public school graduates into higher education. However, a deeper sociological analysis demonstrates significant differences in the representation of higher education between public and private schools. This report focuses on private school graduates and more generally on the interpretation of how their entrance into higher education is portrayed.

Conflict of interpretation within the framework of the paradigm of “interpretive sociology”

The article attempts to provide an analytical overview of the main theoretical and methodological approaches that have had a direct impact on the formation of “interpretative” sociology and used qualitative methods in this area. The main attention is paid to the consideration of the reception and rethinking of the hermeneutic method in the tradition of “interpretative” sociology. The leading methodological approaches that have developed within the framework of the hermeneutic paradigm are identified and analyzed. A critical analysis of the concepts and ideas proposed in the various hermeneutic directions allowed us to formulate a number of conclusions regarding the improvement of the methodology of “interpretive” sociology and the methodology for analyzing and interpreting the content of narrative material. The article was prepared as part of the research work of the state task of the RANEPA.

The Controversy of Weber: Cultural Sociology, Neoliberalism and Theory of Domination

The article analyzes the most significant properties of the dispute about Weber caused by attempts to “reconstruct” Weberian heritage in cultural-anthropological and liberal “paradigms”. It appears that Weber's theory of domination causes an implicit tension, which calls the canonization of Weber as a “classic” of institutionalized sociology into question. The cultural-anthropological “reconstruction” of Weber’s heritage is characterized by meta-theorizing on the basis of conceptual universalia, which fundamentally contradicts the main provisions of Weber’s understanding (interpretative) sociology in both the substantive and methodological aspects. The “paradigm” of the neoliberal utopia split into two camps: the former ignores Weber’s understanding of sociology as a scientific discipline, while the latter, is characterized by attempts to “distill” his legacy for the needs of the so-called new economic sociology.

Early School Leaving by Nationality in Contemporary Greece Sociological Interpretations of Recent data

Early School Leaving by Nationality in Contemporary Greece Sociological Interpretations of Recent data

Территориальные образования: социологическая интерпретация понятия и основные виды

Территориальные образования: социологическая интерпретация понятия и основные виды

Fenomenološko razumevanje M. Veberovog postulata subjektivnog tumačenja u delu A. Šica

Max Weber, as the founder of interpretative sociology, left a significant influence on phenomenological, that is, reflective sociology. His concept of understanding (Verstehen) gained a modified role in the sociological theoretical-methodological directions that emerged during the twentieth century. Understanding is not only a methodological procedure of interpreting social reality but also a condition of its intersubjectivity as a special experiential form. Therefore, in this paper, the theoretical schemes and methodological strategies of Max Weber and Alfred Schütz are problematised with the central attention to the use of the postulate of subjective interpretation. This postulate is presented within the phenomenological sociological model, primarily in the sense of the general principle of constructing types of flow-actions, that is, the typification necessary for social harmonisation of participants in the common-sense world. Since the model of scientific constructs is based on the model of common sense constructs as first-order constructs, this postulate also gained its central place in the methodological sense, as one of three possible forms - experiential, epistemological, and methodological. In the wake of all previously analysed, the specificity of the phenomenological understanding of the concept of action is also pointed out.

TOPLUMSAL HAFIZANIN GERİYE GÖÇÜ – AVRUPA’DAN TÜRKİYE’YE GERİ DÖNEN ÜÇÜNCÜ KUŞAK GENÇLER ÜZERİNE NİTEL BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Son yıllarda üçüncü kuşak Avrupalı Türklerin Türkiye’ye beyin göçü gerçekleştirdikleri gözlemlenmiştir. Bu çerçevede çalışma üçüncü kuşak Avrupalı Türklerin Türkiye’ye göç kararında kimlik, aidiyet, kültür, çifte vatandaşlık konularının ve iktisadi ve diğer gerekçelerin etkilerini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu kapsamda araştırmada yarı yapılandırılmış mülakatlar gerçekleştirilerek yorumlayıcı sosyoloji temelinde bir çalışma yürütülmüştür. Avrupalı Türkler yurtdışında kimliklerini özgürce ifade edebilme fırsatı bulabilmektedir. Avrupa’da ayrımcılıkla karşılaşan bireyler Türkiye’ye geldikten sonra, özellikle milli ve dini kimliğini ifade edebilme alanı bulmuştur. Bunun dışında Türkiye’ye göç etmek bireylerin aidiyet ve kimlik sınırlarını, çifte vatandaşlık ve kültürel değerler üzerinden tekrar değerlendirmesine fırsat tanımıştır.

PENAFSIRAN TELEOLOGIS/SOSIOLOGIS, PENAFSIRAN PURPOSIVE DAN AHARON BARAK: SUATU REFLEKSI KRITIS

Teleological interpretation is construed the same as sociological interpretatio, because it cores on the intention and purpose in making a rule. Such interpretation is also known as purposive interpretation. However, unlike the teleological and purposive interpretations known in the continental and common law legal traditions, Aharon Barak proposed his version of purposive interpretation. This article seeks to explain as simple as possible what teleological interpretation, sociological interpretation, purposive interpretation within the common law tradition and purposive interpretation according to Aharon Barak.

PENAFSIRAN TELEOLOGIS/SOSIOLOGIS, PENAFSIRAN PURPOSIVE DAN AHARON BARAK: SUATU REFLEKSI KRITIS

Teleological interpretation is construed the same as sociological interpretatio, because it cores on the intention and purpose in making a rule. Such interpretation is also known as purposive interpretation. However, unlike the teleological and purposive interpretations known in the continental and common law legal traditions, Aharon Barak proposed his version of purposive interpretation. This article seeks to explain as simple as possible what teleological interpretation, sociological interpretation, purposive interpretation within the common law tradition and purposive interpretation according to Aharon Barak.

Postkolonialna krytyka koncepcji typów idealnych Maksa Webera

This text discusses the main themes of the postcolonial critique of Max Weber’s sociological theory. Beginning with a sociological interpretation of the concept of a classic figure, the author lists the reasons why Weber should be recognized as the theorist most responsible for sociology being considered in separably connected with Western imperialism and colonialism. The author first reconstructs the premises Weber used to support sociology’s claim to be a science of universal validity, then interprets his concept of the ideal type and discusses criticism of the concept, as exemplified by the works of the British sociologist Gurminder Bhambra. In analyzing postcolonial critiques of the ideal type as a methodological tool, two issues are emphasized: the normative hypostasing of the ideal type, and the disruption to Weber’s procedure of creating and critiquing the ideal type that has occurred as a result of representatives of non-Western cultures joining the dialogue and revealing the limitations of the type’s communicativeness and thus of its universal validity.

Russian-speaking expats in the Middle East countries

The present scale of labor migration of highly qualified specialists determines the necessity to study the essence and consequences of this social phenomenon. The author offers the sociological interpretation of the concept ‘expat’ and explains its meaning in the empirical study of the adaptation of Russian-speaking expats in the Middle East countries. The relevance of the research in this region is determined, on the one hand, by the attractiveness of the Persian Gulf countries for professional and labor migration, and, on the other hand, by the lack of applied research aimed at considering the peculiarities of adaptation of Russian-speaking specialists and their families to the life in the Arab country. The data were gathered in the survey/interview of specialists and their family members ( n = 50/14) living in the countries of the Middle East. The results indicate that the expats migrate by their own will or by the invitation of the host party through the selection process in English. Expatriates and their families do not experience special difficulties in the adaptation to new living conditions, strive to maintain the traditions of their culture, and actively interact with representatives of the diaspora. In general, expats are satisfied with professional activities, self-realization, and living conditions. However, their family members practically do not work in their specialty though most of them got higher education. The expat family members are mainly employed in the service sector, and their children study in American and English schools and communicate regardless of nationality. Social-cultural adaptation of children is quite successful due to the available conditions - social (parks, playgrounds, beaches) and social-cultural (respectful and friendly attitude).