Socio-political Reforms Research Articles

CONSOLIDATION POTENTIAL OF THE INTERNET COMMUNICATION, THE RUSSIAN CONTEXT

Analyzing the spread of information technologies on social consolidation the author pays special attention to the study of the Russian situation when the wide spreading of the new media does not result into intensive political consolidation. The author notes that Internet and social networks have an undeniable potential for social influence because of intensive social interaction of numerous stakeholders. At the same time, the nominal potential of social networks as a mechanism of political communication and consolidation is low today. Wide online access does not lead to an increase of the interest to politics or social activity, awareness or subjectivity. The themes of Internet communication is extremely diverse and, most importantly, is rarely focused on a practical result or a long-term plan of socio-political reform of public policy.

An Analytical study of Bediuzzaman Said Nursi’s Intellectual Development and Composition of Risale-i Nur (a Thematic Qur’ānic Exegesis)

The current study analyses Bediuzzaman Said Nursi’s life and contributions. It presents a short description of his early life, education and dissatisfaction with the then prevailing education systems. This is followed by an analysis of his intellectual development due to rapidly changing circumstances. The paper also presents an insight into Nursi’s representative work ‘Risale-i Nur’ through an analysis of its structure and methodology. This is significant because his intellectual development, due to changes in his circumstances, played an instrumental role in determining the style, method and objectives of Risale. Hence, the study of his intellectual development is imperative to understand the objectives of Risale. The findings of the paper revealed that Nursi’s approach to reform the Muslim society was not stagnant. In the ‘Old Said’ phase, he attempted to neutralize the decline in Muslim community through sociopolitical reforms. The ‘New Said’ phase was marked by his efforts to strengthen belief, encounter anti-religious ideologies and detachment from politics. In the ‘Third Said’ phase, he again took interest in sociopolitical matters but it was limited to the theoretical realm with no practical involvement. The study also found that the structure of Risale, its treatment of subjects and its methodology are its distinguishing features. It consists of the elements well-suited to the needs of the time to save Islamic belief against the onslaught of atheistic ideologies. The current research was conducted using the qualitative approach. It is beneficial for academia in understanding the intellectual development of this great 20th century Turkish Muslim scholar.

Populism, privilege, and democracy in Henry James’s The Bostonians: encounters with community

ABSTRACT Unusually for Henry James, The Bostonians (1886) addresses notions of “the people,” popular movements, and socio-political reform. Foregrounding the position of women, the narrative searchingly, if ambiguously, appraises conditions in the United States of the 1870s, following the Civil War. As Olive Chancellor (a Boston feminist) and Basil Ransom (a conservative Southerner) vie for possession of the malleable orator Verena Tarrant, the text explores the failure of “union” in both its personal and political senses. The populist-feminist rally concluding the narrative highlights the prevailing challenges to democratic possibilities. Community in its traditionally cohesive guise has metamorphosed into the “inoperative community” theorized by Jean-Luc Nancy. Mutually dependent, monadic “singularities” converge in tense encounter. “Community,” according to Roberto Esposito, inevitably separates such vulnerable “singularities” from themselves and others through the play of social relationality. The novel’s democratic orientation is nonetheless sustained by its capacious form and the hospitable engagement of its readers.

Transition Without Transformation: The Legacy of Sudan’s Comprehensive Peace Agreement

Abstract In recent years, the transitional justice framework has expanded to include a broader notion of transformative justice, which strives for socio-political reform in addition to legal accountability. Over the course of two civil wars, Sudan has grappled with various attempts at transition and transformation with mixed results. Though the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement brought an end to decades of North–South conflict, South Sudan’s subsequent descent into civil war has been characterised by a flawed transition and a lack of any immediate transformative potential. This paper analyses the Comprehensive Peace Agreement’s transitional mechanisms. In doing so, it explores how certain mechanisms frame the ‘meta-conflict’ about what the conflict is about, and how this can cut off a range of conflict resolution opportunities. It concludes by considering the legacy of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in contemporary Sudan and South Sudan, and how it might inform the prospective transitions in both countries.

Political Activity of Kwiek ‘Dynasty’ in the Second Polish Republic in the Years 1935–1939

The coronation of King Janusz Kwiek, which took place in 1937, was meant to integrate the Romani elite in the interwar sociopolitical life of Poland. Unfortunately, the creation of a homogeneous and centralized Romani representation through the royal institution ended in a fiasco. Firstly, the centralized model of power was in conflict with the Romani nomadic system in Poland, which was based on a multitude of leaders, including women whose power resulted from hierarchical dependence. Secondly, it quickly became clear that from the mid-1920s onward, when the presence of Polish Romani in mainstream social life crystallized, there has been no bottom–up social initiatives promoting King Janusz Kwiek’s attempts towards sociopolitical reform. Therefore, the Romani population was not prepared for changes and no effective state coercive measures were created to enforce the introduction of the postulated changes. Thus, although the activities of both actors—the Kwieks and the Polish authorities—often had a facade character, consisting in more or less weak ‘governance’ of the Romani minority, their joint activity favored the political maturation of the Romani elite and its comprehensive development. This was despite of the many shortcomings of the close relationship between the Romani people and the Polish administration, as a result from the dictatorial rule in Poland at the time.

ЕКАТЕРИНА ВЕЛИКАЯ И ДИАЛЕКТИКА ПРОСВЕЩЕННОЙ МОНАРХИИ

The article discusses the problems of evolution and the formation of the ideology of an enlightened monarchy in Russia. In this regard, the philosophical and political ideas of Catherine the Great, as well as their theoretical and ideological premises, are analyzed. It is noted that the philosophy of education in Russia was closely connected with the concepts of Voltaire, Didro, Montesquieu, Beccaria, Bentham, their views on natural law and human freedom, humanism and the rule of law. These concepts in the philosophy of Catherine received a specific interpretation, due to the sociocultural conditions of Russia. This was manifested in the famous work of Catherine the Great “The Nakaz”, which recognized Montesquieu's argument in favor of the autocracy, but at the same time, his point of view on the separation of powers was rejected. The specificity of the doctrine of enlightened monarchy lies in the combination of liberal and conservative values, which form eclectic forms. This was the dialectic of the supreme power, the difference between the enlightened monarchy and the ideology of absolutism. The article also notes that education in Russia is associated with fundamental socio-political reforms, processes of secularization of culture. At this time, the natural and human sciences are developing. The changes positively influenced the development of medicine, beautification of towns and public education. Also considered are the views on the autocracy of the opposition nobility intelligentsia: A. N. Radishchev and noted that his criticism of the autocracy was determined by an alternative cultural policy, proceeding from the protection of the interests of the people. The doctrine of enlightened monarchy is characterized by internal worldview inconsistency and political inconsistency, which did not allow solving the pressing social problems of the establishment of legal state, democratization of society and the abolition of serfdom.

Zmiany społeczno-polityczne przeprowadzone przez Ministerstwo Administracji Publicznej w latach 1944–1950 dotyczące spraw Kościołów i związków wyznaniowych w Polsce

The Ministry of Public Administration was established pursuant to the Act of 31 December 1944 on the appointment of the Interim Government of the Republic of Poland. The matters arising from the relations between the State and the Churches and religious denominations were handled by Department V, which in 1946 consisted of two sections addressing Christian and non-Christian denominations, respectively. The Socio-Political Departments in the Provincial Offices, which employed officials responsible for matters relating to religious denominations, were subordinate to Department V. The same held true in Starostwa Powiatowe [County Offices]. In 1947, Department V was divided into three units addressing matters of the Catholic Church, Christian Denominations and Non-Christian denominations, respectively, and one year later still one more department, i.e. the Department of General Matters, was established. Since 1947 matters relating to religious denominations fell within the competences of Department IV. The Department of Religious Denominations in the Ministry of Public Administration from its beginnings was responsible for shaping the policy of the State towards religious denominations. The aforementioned policy was supposed to be concordant with the directives and principles of the communist party. The socio-political reforms conducted by the Ministry of Public Administration in relation to the Churches and religious associations were one of the means of repression, which within the years 1944-1950 was in its initial phase based on the trial-and-error method. However, it was the cooperation of the Ministry with Urząd Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego [Public Security Office], and later the establishment of Urząd ds. Wyznań [Office in charge of Religious Denominations] in 1950 which changed and regulated actions of the communist authorities towards the Churches and religious associations in Poland regarding the matters concerning the relations between the State and the Church and religious associations. From then on the competences to date of Department IV of the Ministry of Public Administration were transferred onto the Office in charge of Religious Denominations.

ПЕРШИЙ АНГЛІЙСЬКИЙ ЗАКОН ПРО ОХОРОНУ СТАРОДАВНІХ ПАМ’ЯТНИКІВ

The advent of the first special antiquity law was preceded by a long stage of studying and organizing knowledge about historical and cultural monuments. The Ancient Monuments Protection Act of 18 August 1882 was the first of its kind by an Act of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The Act lists the first 68 monuments or sites that have been protected by law. The text of Act consists of 11 paragraphs. The analysis of paragraphs 2, 3 and 11 gives us the opportunity to formulate the very concept of a «monument» contained therein, as well as to consider the types of ancient monuments that are distinguished by law. The Ancient Monuments are: houses, buildings and other structures located on the surface of the earth or underground, as well as caves and zones of archaeological sites and location of such houses, buildings and other structures, as well as caves and zones of archaeological sites. All the constituent elements and structures of the monument are considered to be its parts. The location of the monument includes not only the area of land on which it is located, but also the surrounding zones. Deliberate destruction or deterioration of protected monuments entails criminal liability in the form of imprisonment for up to one month and a fine. However, criminal and financial responsibility rests solely with outsiders. The owner of the monument is not punished for any action he may take on his property. Paragraphs of Act for the first time regulate the state registration of monuments. Such registration involves the identification of monuments, surveys and determining their value, inclusion in the list of protected, informing the owner or tenant of the monument about the inclusion of this object in the list etc. The Ancient Monuments Protection Act of 1882 was one of the most important results of a set of socio-political reforms in Victorian England. The brevity of the 1882 Act made it impossible to cover all the ancient monuments, which made it only partly a source of law. Currently, there is no single legislative act in the UK on the protection and use of historical and cultural monuments. After the act of 1882 by the middle of the 20th century were adopted and enforced several laws on various aspects of the protection of monuments. However, the main provisions governing this area of social relations were laid in the late nineteenth century.

Государственно-конфессиональные отношения перестроечного периода: формирование предпосылок российской религиозной политики

The article studies the process of changing religious policy in the context of socio-political reforms of the 1980s; analyzes the factors that contributed to the soviet religious policy and the impact of the policy’s changes on the religious life of the 1990s. It discusses the period when Russian society was continuing to looking for a consensus on the role of religion in the public and political spheres. Based on the state archives materials (The State archive of the Russian Federation and The Russian State archive of modern history) this research aims to identify the functions of the Union and Republican Councils for religious Affairs as the key institutions implementing religious policy. The author comes to the conclusion that the 1980s religious policy was manifested in the conceptual rethinking of the place of religion in everyday discourse. Changes in religious policy have caused not only a development of the relationship between the state and the faithful. They contributed to the new phenomena of soviet society, for example, certain religious groups, previously recognized as “extremist”, have become actively involved in the legal field and “normal” social activities. An important event was the celebration a millennium since the 988 Baptism of Rus’ when Gorbachev received Patriarch Pimen and other Holy Synod members inside the Kremlin. The transition to new forms and methods of interaction with religious institutions was realized. The faith reemerged into the public sphere and believers engaged in charity, education, mission and publishing. As a result of the resurgence of religious freedom and the democratization of the legal regulation regarding religious organizations was the adoption in 1990 of the new law “On freedom of conscience and religious organizations”.

Between Cairo and the Volga-Urals: Al-Manar and Islamic Modernism, 1905–17

Between Cairo and the Volga-UralsAl-Manar and Islamic Modernism, 1905–17 Roy Bar Sadeh (bio) In 1905, a student protest erupted in the Islamic seminary (madrasa) of the Muhammediye (est. 1881), one of the most important institutions of Islamic learning in the Volga-Urals city of Kazan. The protest was led by the Reform Society (Islâh Cem’iyeti; est. 1904), which advocated reform of the madrasa’s curriculum and further instruction in modern subjects. The demonstrations ended in the resignation of 82 students following the expulsion of 4 of their schoolmates.1 Observing these events from Cairo, the Syrian-born Islamic scholar (‘alim) Muhammad Rashid Rida (1865–1935) published several letters by and articles in support of the protesters in al-Manar (The Lighthouse; 1898–1935), a renowned Arabic journal circulated throughout Muslim communities worldwide. [End Page 525] Al-Manar’s articles on the Muhammediye events signaled more than passing interest in a piece of news; they marked increasing interactions between Islamic scholars in Cairo and the Volga-Urals during the revolutionary turmoil of 1905–17 in Russia. In particular, al-Manar’s publications on the Volga-Urals demonstrate not only how proponents of “jadidism,” the multifaceted modernist movement of Islamic reform across the Russian Empire, became a subject of significance for enterprises of Islamic reform in Cairo, but also how jadids utilized Arabic journals to display and project their views and experiences to readership beyond the Russian Empire.2 Al-Manar was established in Cairo in 1898 by Rida, who had immigrated to Egypt from Ottoman Syria following the press censorship ordered by Ottoman Sultan Abdülhamid II (r. 1876–1909).3 Supported by his Egyptian [End Page 526] mentor, Shaykh Muhammad ‘Abduh (1849–1905), Rida initially established al-Manar as a bimonthly journal, later switching to monthly publication. The journal covered various themes such as politics, theology, education, sciences, economics, poetry, and history. The journal’s main message was a call for Islamic unity alongside educational and socio-political reforms based on the mastery of Arabic. Advocating the use of independent reasoning (ijtihad) alongside an emphasis on the compatibility between Islam and reason, Rida rejected what he viewed as “blind following” (taqlid) of the four Sunni schools of jurisprudence (madhahib), considering them a major obstacle to progress.4 He sought to promote this message of Islamic reform through the fatawa (legal opinions) he published in al-Manar in response to inquiries from Muslims living across Europe, Africa, Asia, and Latin America.5 Comprising nearly 14 million subjects (according to the 1897 Russian imperial census), Muslims living under Russian imperial rule were one of the most important target audiences for al-Manar.6 Although the journal touched on and corresponded with Muslims living under tsarist-governed regions such as Crimea, Dagestan, and Turkestan, its articles and interactions with Muslim subjects of the Russian Empire centered on the Volga-Urals, especially during the period between the 1905 and October 1917 revolutions. As Stéphane A. Dudoignon has shown in his pathbreaking study on the utilization and circulation of al-Manar’s ideas in the Russian Empire through the Orenburg-based Turkic biweekly Shura (Council, 1908–18), the popularity of Rida’s journal among Islamic reform enterprises in the Volga-Urals was tremendous. Islamic scholars in the Volga-Urals adopted al-Manar’s message or used the journal’s publications to reinforce and affirm their ideas, while modeling their journals’ organization on that of al-Manar. However, as Dudoignon has himself noted, even after the short-lived liberalization of the Russian press in the aftermath of the 1905 revolution, Muslim journals in the Russian Empire remained under the tight control of the tsarist state, whose officials feared the appearance of any so-called “Pan-Islamic” or “Pan-Turkic” ideas among the empire’s Muslim subjects. Thus Dudoignon suggests [End Page 527] that the “intellectual borrowings made by the new Muslim press of Russia from al-Manar, and from other periodicals of the external Islamic world, took place during a relatively short period, and were restricted to questions which would not arouse the concern of censors.”7 Dudoignon’s assumption concerning the restriction of al-Manar and other non...

Towards an authentic path: Structuralism and architecture in socialist Yugoslavia

The breakup between socialist Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union in 1948 paved the way for radical socio-political reforms as well as a new cultural model that would justify a newly invented Yugoslav socialist Sonderweg. In this context, Structuralism became a key vehicle for implementing the social and cultural values of the newly invented socialist self-management ideology. Structuralism helped shape the new culture via different fields and cultural approaches. This paper examines the origins and importance of Structuralism in architecture in the ideological and political context of Yugoslav socialism. As an avant-garde movement, Structuralism consequentially contributed to the critique of the then predominant functionalist paradigm of high modernism, resulting in a new direction that emphasised aestheticisation, a formal and semiotic approach, and the establishment of universal and archetypal values ostensibly derived from the exploration of vernacular architecture in Yugoslavia. Starting from the premise that all these values had a major impact on the construction of the mythology of authentic and autochthonous socialism, this paper shows how architectural Structuralism played a key role in shaping social and political authenticity and cultural mediation.

Забуті сторінки історії Чернігівщини 20-х років ХХ століття

The article focuses on the study of the less known pages in the history of musical culture and education in Chernihiv region highlighting the development of musical education,museums and theater, and cultural uplift of Chernihiv community. The author discloses certain aspects of the work by Ivan Nitsay, the social and cultural activist repressed during Great Terror of the 30s. The article demonstrates the influence of Ivan Nitsay’s ideas on formation and improvement of artistic education providing with the analysis of basic stages, directions and forms of organization of study in Chernihiv art schools and showing the principal directions of artistic and educational nationalization. The study also highlights influence of crisis phenomena and socio-political reforms in the Ukrainian culture of the 20s on the cultural uplift of the Chernihiv region.According to the author, the effective fulfilment of educational tasks, cultural transformations, which included a wide field of various forms and methods, which Ivan Nitsay encorporated in his activity, depended entirely on the support of the Chernihiv community and the nationwide revival in Ukraine. The author states that Ivan Nitsay belonged to the generation of the artists of the past, who sought to restore lost artistic and cultural traditions and fought against the totalitarian system. Like most conscious Ukrainians, Ivan Nitsay was repressed and, as a result, died in custody.

Espionage against Poland in the Documents and Analyses of the Polish Special Services (1944–1989) – as Illustrated by the Intelligence Activities of the USA

Tekst omawia problem działalności szpiegowskiej wobec Polski w okresie 1944–1989. Analiza ta została wzbogacana danymi ilościowymi z okresu 1944–1984 w zakresie skazań za udział w obcym wywiadzie, działanie na jego rzecz oraz przekazywanie informacji. Problematykę szpiegostwa przedstawiono na przykładzie działalności USA, co zostało zobrazowane przykładami poszczególnych osób, które zostały skazane za działalność szpiegowską. W rozważeniu problemu badawczego posłużono się dokumentami i analizami opracowanymi przez Ministerstwo Spraw Wewnętrznych, głównie przeznaczonymi dla pracowników Służby Bezpieczeństwa i Milicji Obywatelskiej. W pracy podjęto się zweryfikowania następujących pytań badawczych: (1) W jakim stopniu charakter systemu społeczno-politycznego wpływał na liczbę skazań za szpiegostwo wobec Polski w analizowanym okresie 1944–1989?; (2) Jaki był poziom zainteresowania wywiadowczego obcych służb specjalnych Polską przed 1990 r.?; (3) Czy można wskazać na specyfikę działalności wywiadowczej USA przeciw Polsce?

Gender approach and democratic values in the context of the modern generation of military staff’s mentality shaping

Actuality. Modern Ukrainian society puts forward a set of professional and moral-ethical requirements for both individual servicemen and the system of military training in general. In this regard, there is a need for the preparation of qualitatively new management personnel for the military administration, headquarters, and structures for the moral and psychological support of all levels. That must be done in order to implement a significant range of socio-political and military reforms in order to democratize and optimize the Ukrainian army, taking into account both the best national, and the leading world experience.The purpose of article is emphasizing of gender approach and definition the completely term of modern military personnel mentality and demonstration of some peculiarities of mentality shaping process in the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The methodological base of research are general scientific principles of integrity, objectivity and historicity, which allowed to reveal the specifics of the formation of the mental culture of servicemen in the process of practical training. Scientific novelty. According the author’s conception mentality of a serviceman is a dynamically developing system in which the unification of not only personal experience but also professional development takes place. The mentality of the servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other components of the defense forces is an integrative professionally determined sociocultural property that determines the specifics of their worldview, the way of thinking, the peculiarities of the formation of collective and individual consciousness and professional behavior.Gender mentality is a socio-ethical component of the mentality of a serviceman that reveals the specifics of gender stereotypes and the way of thinking that in the conditions of the reformation and development of the Armed Forces of Ukraine should be based on democratic values. Conclusion. This article will help you understand what democratic values form the ethical basis for the formation of a modern Ukrainian army that will meet the requirements of the time and will reveal the specificity of the gender mentality of the servicemen

Influence of climate and environmental change in Nigeria: a review on vulnerability and adaptation to climate change.

This paper reviews the current issues that involve environmental changes in Nigeria and environmental threats within the country. The fundamental aim of scientific knowledge in environmental studies is to reconcile climate change and environmental sustainability with developmental goals. Therefore, information on impact adaptation to climate change and vulnerability research is required to develop specific, action-oriented, interdisciplinary, successful, sociopolitical and democratic reform for the entire population of a country. This condition requires large inclusion of environmental researchers, institutions, re-inventing of research structures and ideas to dominate the global environmental change research and the critical analysis of present decision making, power, structure and related information structures. This review presents the effect of climate change in Nigeria and encourages adaptation research with challenging innovation, such as the use of energy-efficient renewable energy sources to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This paper also highlighted the need for researchers to become detailed, action oriented and multiscalar and to attend communications structure problems in enhancing the environmental activity.

Pakistani popular music: A call to reform in the public sphere

ABSTRACT Pakistani popular music has a long trajectory of protest which has denounced the oppressive tendencies of democratic governments as well as military dictatorships. Exploring the idea of popular music as a viable discourse for sociopolitical reform, this paper analyzes the music of three Pakistani bands: Junoon, Beygairat brigade and Ali Gul Pir. Building upon Habermas’s idea of public sphere and its transformative potential, this paper posits that Junoon, Beygairat brigade and Ali Gul Pir use self-fashioning, visual dialectics and media presence to promote consciousness raising. In doing so, these Pakistani bands are recreating the public sphere by propagating an ‘expressive culture’, which allows common people to judge what they have heard, and to participate in the process of making meaning. This paper then establishes the critical significance of Pakistani popular music in creating an ‘expressive culture’ and advocating sociopolitical justice, economic equity and gender equality.

Stanowisko Polskiej Partii Socjalistycznej wobec zamachu majowego w 1926 roku

The aim of the article is to present the standpoints of the Polish Socialist Party against the May coup d’Etat in 1926. The paper brings close the actual influence of socialists and dependent on trade unions within the preparation and course on the May coup d’Etat 1926. The author analyses the role and influence of the socialist past of Marshal Jozef Pilsudski in obtaining the support of the leftist forces in the decisive moments of the 1926 coup d’Etat. The article contains a comparative analysis of the political postulates of the Polish Socialist Party as well as the actions taken by the leading groupings aimed at carrying out political and system reforms in the Second Polish Republic. It was shown that the concept of Polish socialists, adopted at the beginning of the 1920s, consisting of achieving program objectives through gradual and non-revolutionary socio-political reforms, paradoxically was abandoned in 1926 in favour of solutions characteristic for revolutionary groups.

ДЕЛЬФЫ И ПОЛИТИКА СОЛОНА

The article is devoted to studying the interrelations between Delphi sanctuary and Athenian politician Solon. Delphi’s prophecies addressed to the reformer are under analysis. The paper tackles the important problem of the attitude of ancient Greece’s most important sanctuary to Solon’s political activity. After analyzing the information of ancient authors and scientific literature the researcher concludes that the sanctuary favoured Solon’s foreign policy - the war for Salamis Island. Special attention is paid to the role of Delphi sanctuary in Solon’s socio-political reforms. The paper concludes that Delphi supported Solon’s autocratic reign.

The Israeli electoral state of mind

The 2015 Israeli general elections provide rare intellectual stimuli to trace and characterize some of the larger sociopolitical stances in Israeli society. Since Israeli politics has undergone many changes over the last decades, a focus on electoral moment unpacks the issues and general perception regarding geopolitics (i.e. the Israeli-Palestinian conflict) and the domestic health of the country (i.e. sociopolitical reforms and policy-developments). This paper aims at analyzing the three main dimensions, which were emphasized during the electoral campaign and the turnout, while it connects them with what we may refer to as the Israeli political "state of mind".

Adaptive modelling for forecasting economic and financial risks under uncertainty in terms of the economic crisis and social threats

The objects of the research are socio-economic processes in the context of structural transformations that take place as a result of socio-political crisis in the country. One of the most problematic points is absence of comprehensive study and lack of justification for prediction of anticipating potential threats in the humanitarian and social spheres and ways to overcome them aiming to stable and positive development of the national economy.In the course of the study the system analysis and system theory methods, mathematic and econometric modelling methods were used. System analysis and system theory are used to study the state and behaviour of national economy and its subsystems in conditions of current uncertainties and risks characteristic of the social treatments and structure changes. Mathematical and statistical modelling methods and decision making theory were used for forecasting development of non-stationary nonlinear processes which identify modern state of Ukrainian economy.The paper considers the problem of developing the methods for solving tasks of modelling and estimating selected types of risks with the possibility for application of alternative data processing techniques, modelling and estimation of parameters and states for the national economy and its components within the current condition of socio-political transformations and structural reforms. To find «the best» model structure it is recommended to apply adaptive estimation schemes that provide for an automatic search in a definite selected range of model structure parameters (type of distribution, model order, time lags, and nonlinearities). Also the adaptive estimation schemes proposed help us to cope with the model structure and parameters uncertainties. The general methodology was proposed for solving selected problem of dynamic process forecasting and estimation of several kinds of socio-economic and financial risks using appropriate statistical data in computer based decision support systems.Results of the research would be useful to other countries where approximately the same kind processes take place.