Socio Culture Research Articles

PENGEMBANGAN WISATA AGRO: PELUANG KERJA MASYARAKAT DI KAWASAN PONCOKUSUMO KABUPATEN MALANG, PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR

This article aims to describe and assess the existence of This article aims to describe and assess the existence of agro-tourism in rural areas with regards to employment opportunities for local villagers around the area. This study used a socio culture approach by observing the supporting elements of tourism activities. This article derived from a research in Poncokusumo village, Malang District, of East Java Province, done in 2011. This village is currently developed as one of the Agropolitan Region in East Java Province including tourism,which expected to create job opportunities for people living around the area. This study used qualitative methods in the form of indepth interviews,observation and literature review.This study indicated that tourism, in particular agro tourism, has not been able to optimally provide employment opportunities for the local community. The problems, among others, were : 1 ) tourism activities are still run under conventional practices, 2) facilities and infrastructure needed to support tourism activities are inadequate, and 3) the absence of support from various stakeholders regarding tourism activity in Poncokusumo

Civilizational Dialogue in Conduct of Internatonal Diplomacy

This article by AMB Prof.(Dr.) Suresh Goel is a blend of his experience and analytical vigor in a wide panorama spanning through both historical and geographical spheres. The author was the ambassador in countries viz. Singapore, Malaysia, Egypt, South Africa and headed Permanent Mission of India to UNO, USA. He, a skillful diplomat and an excellent scholar, defines diplomacy as the soft skill to find positive and agreeable solutions amidst conflicting cultural and economic, social and political interest groups. The article defines soft diplomacy being used at various levels e.g. state diplomacy, public diplomacy and cultural diplomacy . India's strength of diplomacy has been built through cultural exchange from ancient time at least five millennia of Indian history. Through assimilation of divergent socio religious culture such as Buddhism, Christianity and Islam, India's national conscience is created which is now the strength of her cultural diplomacy to build relations within and across nations with divergent interests. The author quotes from Upanishad and Spiritual speech of Sri Vivekananda to explain Indian ethos of positive cultural relations. In this paper, hecites examples of successful diplomatic efforts initiated by India in the different countries.

Exploring the Actors and Factors Involved in Public Policy Implementation in Bangladesh: A Case Study of Reproductive Health Policy

Promoting reproductive health care is the fifth Millennium Development Goal (MDG) to be achieved by 2015. In Bangladesh, more than half of the women are still deprived from safe sex and child birth. The paper identifies the actors and their role in the whole process of reproductive health service delivery at local level. Then some critical factors are also highlighted which affects directly on the entire policy process. Any public policy implementation such as reproductive health policy is highly influenced by socio political administrative culture, people’s participation, foreign aid, efficient and adequate health institutions, health workers, decentralization, political stability, poverty so on and so forth. The study is conducted in two districts of Bangladesh. Both primary and secondary data are used in this paper. Primary data were collected by undertaking both qualitative and qualitative data collection tools. The paper demonstrates that the variations of various factors affect differently the degree of implementation of reproductive health policies in two different districts.

ANALISIS TATA RUANG (ZONASI) PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA DI KAWASAN TAMAN NASIONAL BALURAN JAWA TIMUR

Research on potential ecotourism development at Baluran National Park which consists more than 25.000 Hectares area and coast line about 42 km long has been conducted from June to September 2003 in the local communities area around Baluran National Park and 5 ecosystems type such as mangrove forest, lowland tropical forest, deciduous forest, evergreen forest, and grassland. The objectives of this study were to definited the zonation for ecotourism. For these, research was initiated to inventory ecotourism supply such are biophysic attractions, socio culture local people attractions, tour object around Baluran National Park and facilities attractions. In order to obtain data and information for ecotourism demand of tourist and local people characteristic included activity, interest and opinion data were collected through questionnaires and open-ended interviews. The collected data were analyzed by using zonation analysis for ecotorism landscape. Based on the zonation analysis revealed that at Baluran National park obtained 3 zonation that could further develop for ecotourism: (1) mangrove and coral reef ecotourism zonation, (2) savana and forest ecotourism zonation, (3) village ecotourism zonation. Kind of attraction for ecotourism on each zonation are biodiversity of flora and fauna, coral reef, etnobotany information and cultural local people activities.

Dialogando com experiências vivenciadas em Marraquech e America Latina para compreensão do Turismo Comunitário e Solidário

A discussão sobre turismo comunitário e solidário sugere reflexões a respeito das modalidades: turismo cultural, etnoturismo, ecoturismo e agroturismo, muitas vezes, apropriadas a lógicas darwinista de mercado e dinâmica capitalista, limitando a potencialidade de experiências turísticas à conservação de modos de vida de populações tradicionais. O objetivo deste trabalho é dialogar com experiências de cerimoniais de trocas mercantis vivenciadas em Marraquech, em dezembro de 2008, para compreensão do turismo comunitário e solidário que vem acontecendo na America Latina. O turismo em Marraquech é seccionado por uma muralha. Na Medina, dentro da muralha, o apelo sociocultural beribére e árabe predomina sob cerimonial mercantil único: “não se sabe bem ao certo ou ‘nunca’ se saberá se está fazendo ou não um bom negócio”. Fora da muralha, o circuito sociocultural ocidentalizado prevalece em redes de hotéis, restaurantes e lojas internacionais conhecidas como “quanto mais caro, melhor deve ser!” O que faz refletir é o quanto os cerimoniais, representados por modos de vida estão próximos ou distantes. Certamente a muralha física é bem menor do que o muro simbólico estabelecido entre aldeias: ocidental e comunitária, e entre o turismo convencional e de base local e solidária.

Factors Influencing Social Activism among Campus: Youth in Sri Lanka

Youths are constantly searching for a social identity and citizenry to express their inner concerns, and realize their national development. Within this context, this study identifies social activism as a means for building youths’ identity and citizenry. Numerous studies have indicated that the search for identity and citizenry is greatly influenced by both contextual and demographic factors. This paper aims to discuss the findings of a study pertaining to the contextual and demographic variables that influence social activism among campus youths in Sri Lanka. Corning’s measures of Social Activism Orientation were adapted for this study to measure social activism. The findings of this study suggest that youths, irrespective of rural and urban, coming from low income or high income households, belonging to different fields of studies or have parents with different levels of engagement in political activities, have equal levels of engagement in social activism in college campuses. However, significant differences were indicated between youths’ gender, war and non-war location context, and if their campuses are long established or newly established universities. The impact of universal free education policy is discussed with special reference to youth empowerment. Existing constrains and the lack of a youth - centered development approach, together with existing institutional socio political culture on campus are also discussed.

Lake Water Quality and Surrounding Vegetation in Dry Churiya Hills, Far-Western Nepal

Mudka, Bedkot and Jhilmila are natural lakes in dry sub-tropic Churiya hills of Kanchanpur in far-western Nepal. A study was carried out on these lakes to prepare baseline information on water quality, floristic and structural features of adjoining forest vegetation, socio-cultural importance and threats to help support their sustainable use. The study was conducted in March (pre-monsoon) and November 2008 (post-monsoon). A significant seasonal variation (p≤0.05) in the physico-chemical properties of the lake waters was recorded. Adjoining forests of Mudka contained 23 species at canopy, 13 species at shrub and 27 species at herb strata, while that of Bedkot had 31 species of plants at canopy, 9 species at shrub and 37 species at herb strata, and Jhilmila had 23 species at canopy, no species at shrub and 47 species at herb strata. The most frequently seen trees were Mallotus philippensis and Shorea robusta in the forests surrounding Mudka and Bedkot whereas Jhilmila's surrounding forests contained S. robusta, Semicarpus anacardium, Syzygium cumini and Anogeisus latifolius. At shrub stratum, in the forest surrounding Mudka, M. philippensis had the highest density (633.3 no./ha) whereas in case of Bedkot, Solanum erianthum had the highest density (144.0no./ha). At herb stratum, the species with highest coverage at the respective forest were Ageratum conyzoides (7.14%), Viburnum contifolium (8.5%) and Themeda triandra (16.09%). All three lakes possessed cultural values as the people visited the sites as pilgrimage and observed religious festivals mostly on full moon. However, unsustainable consumption of the resources from the surrounding forests is adding pressure on the condition of the lakes. Further, the area and depth of the lakes are diminishing due to the massive amount of sediments from fragile Churiya hills. This calls for the urgent conservation and good management of the lakes. Key words: conservation; forest characteristics; seasonal variation; socio culture DOI: 10.3126/njst.v11i0.4142Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 11 (2010) 181-188

IMPORTANCE OF TEACHING BIOETIHICS IN MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS

Medical ethics is merely one branch of general ethics,and it is precisely defined by professor Dunston as“ Obligations of moral nature which govern the practiceof medicine” 1 the morals are based either on religion,philosophy or socio culture traditions. The three basicmoral obligations in a doctor- patient relationship arebeneficence, patient autonomy and justice the practiceof medicine, in a board philosophical sense, is a searchfor the truth and all the ethical and moral principles areinbuilt and inseparable with in this search. Morepragmatically, Medicine is both and art and science.The aspect of science in medical is very easilyunderstood like making a measurable observation thatleads to hypothesis. The truth of hypothesis issubsequently validated by relevant observations andtests for significance. On the other hand the art in themedicine is an immeasurable quantum, whichaccording to Bertrand Russel is the art of rationalconjecture. It is very fascinating that the medicalprofessionals have been some of the best philosophersthough the history of mankind and they have explainedthe abstract theories of classical philosophy intopractical actions at bedside. The practice of medicinerequired education, knowledge and wisdom bom ofexperience. It has to be taught to the medical studentsand its ethical responsibility of a society to make surethat it’s actually done.