Socio-cultural Heritage Research Articles

РОЛЬ ДУХОВНОСТІ В РОЗВИТКУ ІНКЛЮЗИВНОЇ ОСВІТИ В УКРАЇНІ

The article examines the concept of spirituality as an expression of the important socio-cultural heritage of Ukrainians; the development of inclusive education through spirituality and religion in Ukrainian society is analyzed; the main ways of forming the attitude of Ukrainians towards people with disabilities are revealed; the problems of the development of inclusive education in Ukraine through spirituality are determined

Portrayal of Yorùbá Socio-cultural Heritage in the Practice of the Kegite Movement in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions

This essay examines some aspects of the Yorùbá socio-cultural heritage portrayed in the practice of the Kegite Movement in Nigerian tertiary institutions. The Kegite is one of the student organizations in institutions of higher learning in Nigeria. Membership of the organization is open to only those who support the promotion and culture of palmwine drinking. Participant observation method of data collection which involved the researcher himself in the research setting was adopted. The paper relies on the socio-cultural theory for its analysis. Among the findings revealed in the study are that the Kegite Movement promotes aspects of the Yorùbá heritage which involved entrenching associations, teaching and enhancing morals through songs, method of selecting a king and his chiefs, use of language, and use of palmwine for entertainment purpose. Tis paper concludes that the Kegite Movement has been a virile organization towards the promotion of the Yorùbá socio-cultural heritage and in uniting the youth in Nigerian tertiary Institutions.

Fishers' Ecological Knowledge About Sea Turtles in Coastal Waters: A Case Study in Vengurla, India

Five species of sea turtle—the green (Chelonia mydas), hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata), leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea), loggerhead (Caretta caretta), and olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea)—feed in the coastal waters of India, nest on the mainland and island beaches, and are an important component of India's natural and sociocultural heritage. Sea turtles spend most of their life cycle at sea, so structured studies of the biology of nonnesting populations are challenging. However, fishers' ecological knowledge (FEK) could indicate sea turtle distribution, abundance, and population trends. Structured interviews with 93 male fishers at Sagareshwar Beach, Vengurla, in the Sindhudurg District of Maharashtra revealed observations of all 5 sea turtle species in local waters. Importantly, this was the first known record of loggerhead turtles for the Sindhudurg District of the state coastline and added to infrequent records of leatherback turtles over the previous 20 yrs. Observations were more common at a time when adult turtles are likely to be courting and mating, although this behavior was not observed. Fishers did not contribute ecological knowledge about sea turtle distribution from the waters they fished, potentially because of the method used to collect information on maps or reluctance to indicate areas fished. Estimates of abundance were widely disparate, but perceived decreases in the size of local populations were common among respondents. Outcomes of our study suggest that the FEK of small-scale coastal fishers operating in even a small area is of value in identifying potential areas for focused investigations on in-water populations of sea turtles.

Incorporation of the Sociocultural Heritage as an Essential Component in the Emergy Asessment Of Agroecological Systems in the Central Region Of Valle del Cauca-Colombia

In Valle del Cauca, a wide range of agroecological production systems havebeen preserved, withstanding the expansionist onslaught of sugar cane monoculture. The study performed the emergy assessment to three agroecological farms in the municipalities of Andalucia, Sevilla and Buga, incorporating a novel flow of emergy called Sociocultural Heritage (H), which is determinant for the functioning of the agroecological farms in the Colombian context, which includes the contribution of internal family labor given by their permanent residence in the agroecosystem, the family's activity to promote agroecological culture with external actors to the farm, the memory of information, and the appropriation of knowledge. The identity architecture and management of the agrosystem were expressed by the total emergy (U), computing the emergy flows of: renewable natural resources (R), nonrenewable (N), Sociocultural Heritage (H), purchased materials (M), and contrated services (S). The efficiency of agroecological farms, involved inclusive emergetic indices that contain the Sociocultural Heritage (H): Percentage of Sociocultural Heritage (%H), Inclusive Renewability (%RH) and Inclusive Environmental Burden Index (ELRH). The H flow gave results between 6,95 and 42,19 E + 17 sej / year, representing 45,47% and 55,07% of total emergy as %H. The %RH index gave values higher than 91%, indicating that the farms have a high renewability. The ELRH index presented values between 0,05 and 0,09, indicating a low environmental load of agroecological systems and low pressure of agroecological farms on local ecosystems. The results of inclusive emergetic indixes from this study show that agroecological systems are more sustainable in the long term. This would not be so evident with results obtained through an emergy assessment without the inclusion of the H.

Sociology of Bugis Society: An Introduction

This paper describes the socio-cultural heritage of the Bugis people in South Sulawesi from the perspective of sociology. The study approach in this research is historical sociology, which is intended to explore the socio-cultural values ​​of the past as a legacy that needs to be preserved. The life of the Bugis people throughout its history is very interesting to study, at least as a comparison with the reality of life now, namely after one of the ethnic groups in Sulawesi Province was influenced by modernization. This sociological study of Bugis society begins with a brief description of Bugis people and the world, social interactions, kinship systems, social stratification, social mobility, and social changes in Bugis society. Contact with the outside world and the Bugis people's penchant for wandering, caused this ethnic group to develop rapidly and even history records that the Bugis people built a center of government and became rulers of the kingdom in the archipelago.

Ecological, economic and socio-cultural sustainability of different livelihood options and enterprises practised by pastoralists in Banni grasslands of Gujarat

The present study was conducted in Banni grasslands to estimate the sustainability of different livelihood options practiced by pastoralist households. The sustainability of livelihood options was measured using a scale consisting of ecological, economic and socio-cultural parameters with 6 indicators each. The primary data were collected from 280 households in 12 villages in Banni grasslands between 2014 and 2019. It was found that there were 11 distinct livelihood options practiced in Banni grasslands: Banni buffalo based pastoralism, goat and sheep rearing, Prosopis juliflora based charcoal production, honey collection, gum extraction, embroidery, leather work, labour, services, tourism and trade. The sustainability of buffalo rearing was found to be highest on ecological, economic and socio-cultural indicators. Migratory pastoralism has evolved over five centuries adapting to climatic and man-made changes, has deep socio-cultural heritage and employed 70% households at present while generating highest revenues to individual households and the Banni economy. The economic sustainability of charcoal production was higher than the goat and sheep rearing whereas the ecological and socio-cultural sustainability of the latter was higher. Charcoal production employed 80% households (as primary and secondary enterprise) whereas goat and sheep rearing employed merely 3% households indicating the economic significance of the former enterprise. It was evident that economic sustainability was the immediate goal of individual pastoralist households to attain income, food and nutritional security. Goat and sheep rearing could provide an alternative to charcoal production while being more sustainable. Charcoal production was an adaptation strategy for livelihood security. Control of P. juliflora will have positive implications on the ecology of Banni grasslands and livelihoods of pastoralists. The recognition of community grazing rights of Maldharis over Banni grasslands would further augment this shift. Similarly, handicrafts (embroidery and leather craft) and trade offer sustainable alternatives to charcoal production in the context of expanding tourism and market access.

Biodiversity of Russian Local Sheep Breeds Based on Pattern of Runs of Homozygosity

Russian sheep breeds traditionally raised in specific environments are valuable parts of sociocultural heritage and economic component of the regions. However, the import of commercial breeds negatively influences the population sizes of local sheep populations and might lead to biodiversity loss. Estimation of the runs of homozygosity (ROH) in local sheep genomes is an informative tool to address their current genetic state. In this work, we aimed to address the ROH distribution and to estimate genome inbreeding based on SNP data to evaluate genetic diversity in Russian local sheep breeds. Materials for this study included SNP-genotypes from twenty-seven Russian local sheep breeds which were generated using the Illumina OvineSNP50 BeadChip (n = 391) or the Illumina Ovine Infinium HD BeadChip (n = 315). A consecutive runs method was used to calculate ROH which were estimated for each animal and then categorized in the ROH length classes. The ROH were found in all breeds. The mean ROH length varied from 86 to 280 Mb, while the ROH number ranged from 37 to 123. The genomic inbreeding coefficient varied from 0.033 to 0.106. Our findings provide evidence of low to moderate genomic inbreeding in major local sheep populations.

Cultural and Identity Values of the Rugova Region in Function to Develop Tourism in Kosovo

Natural and socio-cultural heritage for the tourism development of a country or different countries of the world is a prerequisite for sustainable development. Monuments of nature and culture are part of the identity of a nation and important factors of its economic and social development. Monuments of nature and culture, handicrafts, cooking, etc., can be opportunities as an object of construction of tourist projects. Rugova region is known for a series of rich characteristics such as: Wild trees, forests, lakes, rich fauna and flora, mountain tourism, water resources, cultural values, especially in the category of Epic, folklore, toponyms, traditional Rugova man's clothing, woman and girl, white scarf as a special feature of the elderly inhabitants of the area, etc., which indicate a place that still produces traditional values. There is also a tradition of food, a tradition of towers, special architectural construction that enables the development and use of natural resources. The production and processing of medicinal plants also enables a contribution to mountain tourism.
 The research method was used to use all existing literature on cultural heritage and tourism development in the mountainous region of Rugova. Various studies and publications of local and foreign archaeologists, sociologists and scholars on cultural heritage and mountain tourism have been used.

The Global Concept of Sports Tourism with Emphasis on Indian Perspective

The attempt to define the concept of „sports tourism‟ requires reference to the meaning of the basic terms, „tourism‟ and „sports‟. Sports tourism is an emerging field of economic growth of a nation. Sports tourism depends upon the geographical location and also related to the sociocultural heritage of a nation. There are indeed several destinations in India offering sports tourism. There are varied sports activity that one can indulge during vacation. Distinguished adventure sports: mountaineering, rock-climbing, scuba diving, water rafting, kayaking, canoeing, sailing, surfing, water scooting. The present article critically discussed the various aspects and scope of global sports tourism as well as sports tourism of India and the future scope of sports tourism in India

Sustainability and ecotourism principles adoption by leading ecolodges: learning from best practices

ABSTRACT This study identified best practices in the sustainable management of leading ecolodges around the world based on a qualitative content analysis of sustainability communications. Sixty-five top global ecolodges were identified and analyzed according to (1) independent third party ecolodge designations, and (2) a conceptual framework of ecolodges based on a rigorous definition of ecotourism, emphasizing a nature-based focus, education, sustainability (conservation and community involvement/benefits), and moral imperative dimensions. Key themes within these dimensions included biodiversity conservation, preserving socio-cultural heritage, improving social wellbeing, contributing to the local economy, learning opportunities for guests, influencing local attitudes, creating opportunities for visitors to get involved, sharing profits with local people, social justice, and seeking third-party recognition. This study contributes to the expanding base of literature on ecolodges by investigating best practices within each core dimension of ecotourism and evaluating these through corporate social responsibility and stakeholder theory perspectives.

Perception and satisfaction of residents with the impact of the protected area on sustainable tourism: The case of Deliblatska Peščara Special Nature Reserve, Serbia

In the Deliblatska Peščara Special Nature Reserve (SNR) there are a large number of natural and social factors that affect the development of tourism. Such are: rare and endangered endemic flora and fauna that are important in the procedures of species protection, ecosystem, wetlands, socio-cultural heritage, the possibility of developing specific forms of tourism and other factors. The SNR has a relief that is present only in this protected area-dunes. This type of sand has influenced the specific flora and fauna that cannot be found in other areas. There are 18 settlements in the reserve that have significant cultural, monumental and archaeological heritage. The research aims to determine the satisfaction of residents with the function of the SNR in sustainable tourism development using a quantitative methodology and SPSS software. The responses from 510 residents indicate their satisfaction with the development of sustainable tourism in the SNR through ecological, economic and institutional sustainability of this tourism destination.

Prototyping a Park—Landscape Design of Jubileumsparken in Gothenburg, Sweden

The design of Jubileumsparken in Gothenburg, Sweden runs on two parallel tracks—a permanent park will be completed and opened in late 2021, and before that a series of temporary parks and installations had been set up during several public workshops since 2014. The gradual evolution of the site allows ecosystems to adapt and invites the public to leave their imprint on the park through not only directly building and planting, but even more importantly, indirectly voicing their interests and desires which impacts the final design of the permanent park. With a focus on the existing fragile ruderal and coastal ecosystems, as well as the socio-cultural heritage of the site, a 1:1 scale landscape laboratory—the Shoreline Park—was built up together with the public. It allowed for testing new materials, work methods, planting and maintenance techniques that would then be used in the permanent Play & Learn Park. The design process also highlights the need for a closer collaboration between landscape architects and maintenance staff to achieve the sustainability goals and the aesthetic value of the park over a longer period, as well as the importance of landscape architects’ continuous involvement in park maintenance and the use of digital tools. The project also adopted geotechnic infrastructure to create a gently sloping wetland and proposed a mixed planting plan of indigenous species, natural succession and exotics to address climate change, and to create preconditions for high biodiversity even in the long term. Through such prototyping and testing, the wider public, maintenance staff, and experts got engaged in this project, which initiated a dialogue about the persistence in landscape between urban ecosystems, wildscapes, and aesthetics.

УКРАЇНОЗНАВЧІ ЗАЦІКАВЛЕННЯ ІВАНА ОГІЄНКА КРІЗЬ ПРИЗМУ ЙОГО НАУКОВОЇ ПОЗИЦІЇ В ЕМІГРАЦІЇ

The article raises the issue of the importance of Ukrainian studies by Ivan Ogienko, as a representative of the Ukrainian intellectual elite in emigration, because his works influenced the progress of cultural, educational and spiritual life of Ukrainians both in our country and abroad. It is known that he is one of the founders of Ukrainian science and education and an outstanding Ukrainian educator of the twentieth century. The role of preserving national identity, spiritual values, patriotism of the outstanding scientist, teacher, linguist, culturologist, public and church figure, Ivan Ogienko, through the prism of hard work, incredible diligence, stability and consistency in scientific research is emphasized. Attention is focused on the fact that the Ukrainian scientist was the bearer of national and cultural ideas and spiritual values of his people. The opinion is confirmed that the world recognition of I. Ogienko / Metropolitan Ilarion was brought by fundamental works on the history of Ukrainian culture, language, history of the church, which have not lost their scientific significance even today. The scientist-researcher made dictionaries, headed the Ministry of Education of the Ukrainian People's Republic, and being in emigration – headed the Ukrainian autocephalous Orthodox Church. It is worth mentioning the most common and used translation of the Bible into Ukrainian, on which Ivan Ogienko worked for more than 45 years. The article analyzes I. Ogienko's scientific achievements during the emigration, which significantly strengthened Ukrainian studies, and also considers the works "Pre-Christian Beliefs of the Ukrainian People", "Ukrainian Culture", "Serve the People - Serve God: Theological Studio" and others. The book "Our Life Abroad: Ideological and Historical Essays" by Ivan Ogienko, published in Winnipeg (Canada), where the author spoke about the difficult life of Ukrainian emigrants abroad, deserves attention and listening. I. Ogienko describes how important it is to preserve one's national identity, culture and native language in a foreign country. It is concluded that national culture has great potential for the establishment of Ukraine in the world cultural space, and the life and scientific and educational work of Ivan Ogienko became an example for many researchers in studying the socio-cultural heritage of the Ukrainian diaspora.

Clan/geographical association heritage as a place-based approach for nurturing the sense of place for locals at a World Heritage Site

Sense of place is important in sustaining the socio-cultural heritage of a place. It can be nurtured through a systematic place-based approach. However, the lack of a critical perspective and often under-theorized place-based education has been criticized as this results in limitations to achieve its original intention. This research aims to comprehend the concepts of place-based learning by identifying the socio-cultural elements, particularly from a clan/geographical heritage perspective, and how it might cultivate a sense of place for locals. Interviews and observations were conducted in Melaka and George Town, the World Heritage Sites of Malaysia. A total of twenty documents, including primary and secondary data, were analysed. The findings reveal five themes to be developed as a place-based approach for nurturing the sense of place of locals. Theoretically, it extends the literature of place-based learning, and the ontological appreciations of place. Practically, related stakeholders might use this as a reference to preserve their clan/geographical association heritage.

Роль киноискусства в эстетическом образовании молодежи

The paper discusses the influence of the art of cinema on the aesthetic education of the younger generation in the current context of informatization, technization and commercialization. The study analyzes both positive and negative factors that affect the implementation of aesthetic film education at present. The features of the organization of the educational process of aesthetic courses focused on the study of works of cinema are determined. Specific methods of educational and educational activities using the potential of cinematographic art are represented. Examples of films and specific activities aimed at a thorough study of the film text and contributing to the development of aesthetic taste in students are given. The authors emphasize the relevance of film education for the younger generation as an important element of socialization, familiarization with the socio-cultural heritage, the formation of a system of values, aesthetic, moral, ethical and Patriotic education.

COMFORTABLE URBAN ENVIRONMENT CONCEPT AS A MEANS OF IDENTITY REVEALING

Development of improvement projects is discussed focusing on the identity of the site and relationship between architectural forms used in public space improvement and socio-cultural heritage of the site for which the improvement project proposal is developed, with special reference to the cities and towns of Sverdlovsk region. We also propose an algorithm for developing an idea and conceptual design for improvement projects the purpose of which is not only to harmonize spaces but also to preserve and accurately translate cultural meanings and subtexts through objects and visual images.

Diversification of Livestock-Keeping Smallholders in Mountainous Rural Regions of Azerbaijan and Georgia

Diversified livelihoods combining farming, livestock keeping and non-farm income are characteristic of many rural households worldwide. For the Central Asian and Caucasian region, livestock keeping is especially important in terms of land use and socio-cultural heritage. We contribute to the literature with data from the under-researched Caucasus region and investigate: (i) the extent of diversification in smallholder households; (ii) the role of livestock keeping in diversification; (iii) the influence of household-specific and location-specific variables and diversification on household income. Based on a dataset of 303 households, we calculate contribution margins for the main agricultural activities, household income, and diversification indices and analyze the influence of diversification, asset and location variables on household income with a regression model. Household income is generally diversified and a combination of four income sources (crops, livestock, poultry/bees and social benefits) was the most frequent. The econometric analysis shows that higher household incomes are positively correlated with higher household land and livestock assets, the presence of non-farm work and social benefit income sources and with an increasing specialization as measured by the diversification index. For enhancing rural household incomes and slowing down rural-urban migration, the development of non-farm job opportunities is recommended.

Sacred groves of India: repositories of a rich heritage and tools for biodiversity conservation

Sacred groves preserve a rich religious and socio-cultural heritage of Indian biodiversity from primeval times, due to their values. They act as a bridge between man and nature. Groves help to improve soil quality, replenish water resources and are pivotal for biodiversity conservation of plants and animals including rare, endemic, threatened, vulnerable species and ethnobotanical species. Most of India’s sacred groves are associated with a deity or a spiritual being, who protects the grove and local people. Vegetation cover of these groves has traditional ethnobotanical value, especially in the field of ethnomedicine, which accounts for the conservation of groves over the years. Numerous plant species from sacred groves are used according to tradition and culture to prevent or cure various health problems. However, modernisation, industrialisation, increased encroachment and misuse of forest resources increasingly threaten sacred groves. These treasures of nature must be conserved by formulating and applying new laws and policies while creating awareness among people about the value of sacred groves. Toward this aim, we review the distribution, ecological and socio-cultural significance of sacred groves of India and strategies to conserve them.

Historical dynamics of Ọjị Ezinihitte cultural festival in Igboland, Nigeria

Ọjị (kola nut) is indispensable in traditional life of the Igbo of Nigeria. It plays an intrinsic role in almost all segments of the people‟s cultural life. In the Ọjị Ezinihitte festivity the „kola tradition‟ is meaningfully and elaborately celebrated. This article examines the importance of Ọjị within the context of Ezinihitte socio-cultural heritage, and equally accounts for continuity and change within it. An eclectic framework in data collection was utilized for this research. This involved the use of key-informant interviews, direct observation as well as extant textual sources (both published and un-published), including archival documents, for the purposes of the study. In terms of analysis, the study utilized the qualitative analytical approach. This was employed towards ensuring that the three basic purposes of this study – exploration, description and explanation – are well articulated and attained. The paper provided background for a proper understanding of the „sacred origin‟ of the Ọjị festive celebration. Through a vivid account of the festival‟s processes and rituals, it achieved a reconstruction of the festivity‟s origins and evolutionary trajectories and argues the festival as reflecting the people‟s spirit of fraternity and conviviality. Furthermore, in surveying the festival‟s dynamism within Ezinihitte society over time, it established that the Ọjị festival is not only a unifying factor but also lies at the heart of community development efforts in Ezinihitte clan.
 Keywords: Ọjị (kola nut), Ọjị Ezinihitte cultural festival, Socio-cultural heritage, Historical dynamics, Igboland, Nigeria.

Institutional Approach to Gender Bias in Old Age Security Systems: Comparative Analysis of Swedish and Polish Pension Reforms

:According to the functionalist approach, institutions exist for a reason. They appear spontaneously or are carefully designed in order to address particular problems. The very same institution may bring various effects in different social settings or when nested within distinct institutional structures. Similarly, historical paths of development may influence institutions in such a way that even though they address similar problems, their content is not alike which ultimately produces divergent results. Thus the question appears, to what extent a particular institution is an outcome of rational design, and/or an outcome of sociocultural heritage conflicting with it. Our intention is to illustrate the above concerns with a case study, which compares two efforts to reform an institutional structure resulting in diverse outcomes. In the article we address the issue of women and men within pension systems. We argue that these systems are institutional structures, which creation was influenced by both sociocultural heritage and rational design aimed at achieving specific results. This is especially apparent when focusing on gender related issues and the struggle to overcome differences between women and men with regard to old age income. We observe that these efforts are sometimes contraposed by sociocultural factors which downplay economic rationality.