Protection Society Research Articles

After us, together with us: Quality of life in adults with disabilities in an inclusive and sustainable future

AbstractDue to economic and technological progress, life expectancy is constantly developing, thus the European senior generation is ever‐increasing. Such demographic modifications have far reached consequences on social protection systems and society. Specifically, the last 20 years have also seen a significant increase in life expectancy for people with disabilities and their elderly parents who care for them. Therefore, this contribution provides an overview of the quality of life for adults with intellectual disabilities and their elderly parents. Specifically, this paper examines the notion of quality of life, especially in its relationship with sustainability, inclusion, and social justice. Lastly, it examines the contextual factors that contribute to promoting or hindering the quality of life of individuals with intellectual disabilities and the impact on social inclusion, sustainability, and social justice.

Balancing on a slack line - Staffs' experiences of talking about sexuality and sexual health with patients cared for in forensic psychiatry in Sweden.

Sexuality is a central part of being human, however, talking about sexual health is generally avoided in forensic psychiatry. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore how healthcare professionals experience talking about sexuality and sexual health with patients cared for in forensic psychiatry. Individual interviews were conducted with eighteen healthcare professionals from ten different forensic psychiatry care units in Sweden. The interviews were semi-structured, and the data was analyzed with qualitative content analysis. The findings showed the overarching theme "Balancing on a slack line". The conversations the healthcare professionals have about sexuality and sexual health with patients in this setting are affected by forensic psychiatry's dual mission; to provide care and at the same time protect patients and society. These conversations can be about opening up for having responsive conversations, but also closing conversations since the field of sexuality and sexual health is fraught with norms and preconceptions. To be able to conduct these conversations can be a challenge since the professionals can experience uncertainty due to a lack of competence, indicating that knowledge and resources are needed to facilitate conversations. In conclusion, the study indicates that there is a lack of support and structure for performing conversations about sexuality and sexual health in forensic psychiatry care, and there is a need for increased knowledge among healthcare professionals. In order to support staff, the forensic psychiatry services need to acknowledge the national guidelines for sexual and reproductive health and rights and to develop and adapt the local guidelines.

Farming performance and evaluation of the adoption of robusta coffee cultivation based on geographical indication in candiroto district temanggung regency

Abstract The Geographical Indication Protection Society (MPIG) aims to maintain the uniqueness of coffee commodities in Temanggung Regency by implementing predetermined standardization. The purpose of this study is to analyze the farm performance of Robusta coffee based on geographical indication and evaluate the level of farmer adoption. The research was conducted using a case study method on coffee farmers who are members of MPIG in Candiroto district and an R/C ratio analysis to illustrate how high the benefits received by farmers are in terms of acceptance if they apply geographical indication SOP. The results show that the R/C ratio of farmers who apply geographical indication SOP obtained a value of 2.50. The level of farmer adoption of geographical indication SOP in the cultivation and harvesting stages is considered high, while in the post-harvest stage, only the dry processing process has a high adoption rate. Suggestions that can be given from this research are that MPIG, as an organization that introduces geographical indication SOP, should be more persuasive in providing education to farmers about the benefits they receive if they apply geographical indication SOP. SOPs that are not relevant for farmers should be adjusted so that the level of farmer participation and adoption becomes high.

British Humanitarianism, Indigenous Rights, and Imperial Crises: Assessing the Membership Base of the Aborigines’ Protection Society, 1840–73

Abstract A confluence of societal changes, particularly hardening racial attitudes following the Indian Mutiny in 1857 and the Morant Bay Rebellion in 1865, resulted in widescale disillusionment with imperial humanitarian projects in the middle decades of the nineteenth century. As this article demonstrates, however, the membership and income of the Aborigines’ Protection Society (APS) increased at precisely the moments when this disillusionment was at its sharpest. This article combines quantitative and qualitative methods to assess the nature of the Society's mid-century membership base, demonstrating that, rather than a monolithic decline, a humanitarian polarization took place in response to imperial crises that led some (largely Tories) to disillusionment and others (largely Whigs) to entrenchment. Furthermore, by attending to discursive trends within speeches at APS annual meetings as well as in private correspondence between members and the secretary of the Society, I explore how APS members explained the connection between their own lives and the treatment of distant Indigenous peoples in the colonies. Finding that British Indigenous rights activism was only seldomly expressed in terms of Indigenous peoples themselves, I show that support for the APS was most commonly related to concerns for friends and family living in the colonies, along with disquiet about the impact of colonial injustices on international competition. This enabled Indigenous rights activists to continue their efforts in the face of disillusionment with the capabilities of racialized “others.”

Animal Scientism: Making Biology Experimental in Republican China

This essay follows animals from the animal house through the laboratory to their representation as abstracted knowledge circulating the world to trace the emergence of experimental biology in Republican China. Experimental biology was promoted and institutionalized by the Chinese Physiological Society, which British-Chinese experimental physiologist Robert Lim established in 1926, at a time when descriptive taxonomy and morphology were dominant. Proponents argued that experimental research on live animals was more advanced than the collection and observation of specimens, and that experimentation, rather than description, now undergirded international science. In championing experimentalism, they were not only trying to shift the focus of Chinese biology from description to experiment, but also revising the scientism by then entrenched in Republican China. They put forth a scientism of experiment: cultivating experimental biology would help China catch up more quickly to imperial powers. Animals, as the material basis for experimental biology, came to signify the science that they produced; the Buddhist-aligned Chinese Animal Protection Society, established in 1932, chose not to protest animal experimentation in part due to the association between animals and modern experimentalism. In Republican China, animals were thus material and cultural objects that made and embodied a new scientism of experiment.

TINDAK PIDANA PEMALSUAN SURAT

Handling criminal acts of letter forgery requires a comprehensive approach through prevention policies, law enforcement, rehabilitation and collaboration between related institutions. Prevention through education, strict supervision, and strengthening document security systems is important to reduce opportunities for counterfeiting. Firm and fair law enforcement provides justice to victims and a deterrent effect for perpetrators. Rehabilitation gives perpetrators the opportunity to change and make positive contributions again. Collaboration between institutions maximizes the effectiveness of treatment, from exchanging information to developing prevention programs. Only with an integrated approach can we tackle mail fraud and protect society.

KEY ECONOMIC, MANAGERIAL AND INSTITUTIONAL IMPERATIVES OF THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION

European integration is the main and unchanging foreign policy priority of Ukraine, and further development and deepening of relations between Ukraine and the EU is based on the principles of political association and economic integration. In the context of the formation, development and improvement of the phenomenology of democratic legal statehood, permanent parademocratic and metademocratic processes of tactical and strategic nature emerge and intensify, as well as purely democratic trends are formed, which are determined by these processes, which permanently stimulate the relevant phenomenology, emphasizing its potential and promising opportunities, as well as new forms of communication interaction and fairly productive cooperation - full-fledged subjects of law. The construction sector is one of the basic sectors of the economy of every country in the world. The level of its development has a significant impact on the economic security of the state. The participation of construction in many socio-economic processes and its interconnection with all sectors of the economy make it an important component of the country's economic growth. The construction sector meets the primary physiological needs of society for housing and protection. The fund-forming function provides fixed assets (buildings and structures) to private, state, and municipal entities of all types of economic activity. At the same time, markets for capital, goods and services, and labor resources are formed; commercial, transport, and socio-cultural infrastructure is developed. It is established that the growth of the construction industry inevitably leads to the emergence of the necessary conditions for the country's economic development and the solution of many social problems. The article suggests ways to improve the economic condition of the construction industry and construction enterprises.

Understanding the role of innovation systems in PES development: A survey of stakeholder perspectives

Water-related ecosystem services of forest land are essential for human well-being. Their provision is related to forest management practices that forest owners and managers apply. When these preferential management practices increase the operating costs, they should be paid/compensated by users of these services. The research focused on identifying the prerequisites of the innovation systems to support payments for ecosystem services (PES) in Slovakia. We analysed the structure, relationships, and functions of the innovation system as monetary and non-monetary incentives, cooperation support and risk mitigation. We collected data using a standardised questionnaire sent out to stakeholders from forestry, nature protection, water management and civil society. The data was processed with simple descriptive methods commonly used in social studies and survey data processing. The information about the potential supply and demand of water-related ecosystem services were obtained from forest owners and managers makes the PES development in the future more feasible. Results revealed that when developing PES schemes, the coordination of stakeholders should follow settled legislation rules at the national level, which still need to be included. Furthermore, the innovation system should provide mainly monetary incentives to providers of ecosystem services.

One step synthesis of 3D BaTiO3@C for novel electromagnetic shielding of epoxy composites

The ever-increasing electromagnetic interference (EMI) pollution becomes an important issue in current environmental protection and human society. In this work, 3D BaTiO3(3DBT)@C porous ceramic framework was one-step fabricated by sol-gel method using environmentally friendly cleanroom wipers as template and calcined under inert atmosphere. Subsequently, epoxy (EP) resin was reversely incorporated into the above 3DBT@C network, resulting in the 3DBT@C/EP composite. Results showed that the cleanroom wiper was calcined and transformed into amorphous carbon within the 3DBT, leading to the excellent electrical conductivity of 3DBT@C. The reverse infiltration of EP maintained the successive 3DBT framework and excellent conductivity, thus endowing the 3DBT@C/EP composite with a good electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) as high as 36.6 dBꞏmm-1 at 10.2 GHz. The absorption mechanism of EMI prevailed the EMI SE due to the large Ohmic loss and porous 3D network, implying potential applications in flexile shielding materials.

Research on Large-scale Energy Storage of Chinese Power System Based on Demand Analysis

With the construction and development of a low carbon and environmental protection society, China is promoting the construction of a clean, low carbon, safe and efficient energy supply system, the most critical of which is to promote the rapid construction of new energy installed capacity. However, with the continuous expansion of the new energy installed capacity, the random volatility of the power supply has become an important factor that puzzles the power balance of the current power system, not only formed a larger peak pressure, but also became one of the important factors restricting the development of new energy. At the same time, the new energy power electronic equipment has weak supporting characteristics, which also makes the proportion of new energy power system continues to increase, and has a high impact on security. In this context, this paper carries out a demand analysis, firstly discussing the demand for large-scale energy storage in the development of new energy for power system, and secondly analyzing the demand for large-scale energy storage in the safe operation of large power grid, so as to promote the construction of GW-level electrochemical energy storage power station and effectively deal with the power imbalance and safety problems.

Optimizing energy harvesting from waste motor oil through steam reforming: A path to efficient combustion and emissions reduction

Waste Motor Oil (WMO) is a hazardous waste material with the potential to contaminate water, soil, and the atmosphere. The management and engineering of WMO have become imperative in modern society for both resource utilization and environmental protection. Maximizing the energy content of WMO poses a significant challenge for researchers, to solve environmentally friendly solutions. Direct combustion of WMO often results in incomplete combustion and elevated CO emissions. Therefore, this research aims to optimize the harnessing of WMO's energy potential through a furnace equipped with steam injection. The steam is generated by utilizing the heat energy produced during the WMO heating process. Our study demonstrates that steam injection in the WMO furnace is an effective method for maximizing energy content while simultaneously reducing CO emissions.

The Review of the ICRP System of Radiological Protection – practical feedback from members of the Australasian Radiation Protection Society

The Review of the ICRP System of Radiological Protection – practical feedback from members of the Australasian Radiation Protection Society

Government Policy on Gayo Women's Coffee Cooperative Community in Bener Meriah Regency, Aceh Province, Indonesia

The Gayo Women's Coffee Cooperative (KOKOWA GAYO) is Southeast Asia's first women's cooperative to trade Gayo Arabica coffee to the international market. The marketing is to Europe and the United States through cooperation agreements to export coffee commodities with three international investors: Fairtrade, Ecocert, and Cafe Feminino Foundation. The annual contract to export Gayo Arabica coffee commodity is in the amount of 20 containers. This cooperative has 500 farmers trained to break the marketing chain from loan sharks to increase the income and economic welfare of the coffee farmers. The decision-making made by women in this cooperative requires government involvement in terms of policies that support the export of coffee commodities to international markets. Yet, there is still miscommunication between the government and the KOKOWAGAYO. Because of these problems, a data analysis was carried out using radical feminism theory and structural functionality. The research paradigm used was the critical paradigm with a qualitative methodological approach. The result of this study indicates that they carried out KOKOWAGAYO, a women's cooperative. Also, miscommunication occurred regarding government regulations on policies issued by the cooperative because it independently exported coffee commodities to international markets, and the government has issued regulations or policies related to the safeguarding of Gayo Arabica coffee authenticity through a Decree of Origin (SKA) and the Gayo Coffee Protection Society (MPKG).

“Something has to change”

“Something has to change”

The regulation of endocrine-disrupting chemicals to minimize their impact on health.

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are substances generated by human industrial activities that are detrimental to human health through their effects on the endocrine system. The global societal and economic burden posed by EDCs is substantial. Poorly defined or unenforced policies can increase human exposure to EDCs, thereby contributing to human disease, disability and economic damage. Researchers have shown that policies and interventions implemented at both individual and government levels have the potential to reduce exposure to EDCs. This Review describes a set of evidence-based policy actions to manage, minimize or even eliminate the widespread use of these chemicals and better protect human health and society. A number of specific challenges exist: defining, identifying and prioritizing EDCs; considering the non-linear or non-monotonic properties of EDCs; accounting for EDC exposure effects that are latent and do not appear until later in life; and updating testing paradigms to reflect 'real-world' mixtures of chemicals and cumulative exposure. A sound strategy also requires partnering with health-care providers to integrate strategies to prevent EDC exposure in clinical care. Critical next steps include addressing EDCs within global policy frameworks by integrating EDC exposure prevention into emerging climate policy.

Illegal trade of pangolins in India with international trade links: an analysis of seizures from 1991 to 2022

Pangolins have become one of the most intensely poached and trafficked mammal species, exploited mainly for the food and traditional medicine trade. Intense and continued illegal exploitation for commercial trade has become the leading cause of pangolin declines in parts of Asia and Africa. Recent research has illustrated the growing threat this poses to pangolins in India. India is home to two species of pangolin, the Indian Pangolin Manis crassicaudata and the Chinese Pangolin M. pentadactyla, which have been assessed as endangered and critically endangered respectively. Pangolin seizures in India between 1991 and 2022 were analysed to gain a better understanding of illegal trade dynamics. A total of 426 seizures were collated, involving an estimated 8603 pangolins. The frequency of pangolin seizures increased over time as did the volume of estimated pangolins seized. This could be due to a range of different factors including rising poaching and trade levels, increased law enforcement and reporting, and awareness. Nevertheless, on the ground, investigations by the Wildlife Protection Society of India strongly indicate that the escalating poaching and trade in pangolins is driven by lucrative market demands from beyond India’s borders, with a growing focus on the trade in live pangolins. Enforcement efforts appear to be undermined by low prosecution rates with only 1.4% of recorded seizures resulting in successful convictions. Asian pangolins have rapidly disappeared from their natural range and been locally extirpated in many parts of East and Southeast Asia. India’s pangolin species are at similar risk if poaching and trafficking levels continue unmitigated.

Reforming Medical Manslaughter, the Scottish Way?

In responding to the Williams Review into gross negligence manslaughter in a medical setting, the Medical Protection Society called for English law to adopt the approach currently relied upon in Scotland. This article provides an overview of culpable homicide, before considering how any novel offence based on Scots law could be introduced in England and Wales. The benefits of culpable homicide over gross negligence manslaughter are addressed, with consideration of whether existing medical cases would attract punishment under any novel offence. It is argued that notwithstanding the higher threshold of culpability required by culpable homicide, Scots law cannot be considered a panacea. Rather, due to the detrimental impact that any novel crime would have on the existing structure of involuntary manslaughter, efforts to adopt the law north of the border within England and Wales should be avoided.

From control to sustainability: 75 Years of the New Zealand Plant Protection Society

This editorial summarises the first 75 years of the New Zealand Plant Protection Society. The structure of the Society and approaches to plant protection have changed over the years but the essence of the original vision to bring together industry, government, and university researchers, to ‘pool and exchange information’, is still relevant today.

Potato bacterial wilt in Ethiopia: history, current status, and future perspectives.

Potato is an essential food staple and a critical tuber crop for rural livelihoods in Ethiopia, where many pathogenic pests are threatening production. Bacterial wilt, also known as brown rot of potato, ranks among the diseases that most affect many potato farmers in Ethiopia and the disease losses dramatically threatening the vibrant potato sector even in the highlands of the country where it has been uncommon so far. To devise a strategy towards boosting potato productivity in Ethiopia where food insecurity is most prevalent, production constraints should be investigated and properly addressed. Hence, we have used existing reviews and reports on the subjects, such as textbooks, and proceeding and conference abstracts in Plant Protection Society of Ethiopia; Web of Science; Google Scholar; Research Gate and CIP's database to document most relevant information on the occurrence, distribution, and disease management of bacterial wilt in Ethiopia. Provision of comprehensive information on potato bacterial wilt occurrence, distribution, and management techniques are crucial for potato growers, researchers and stakeholders engaged on potato industry. In this review, we provided insights on the history, status, and future perspectives of potato bacterial wilt in Ethiopia. Awareness of potato bacterial wilt and integrated disease management approaches could bring a fundamental impact to the farming community mostly to smallholder farmers in developing countries. This document compiled such imperative information targeting bacterial wilt management techniques to ensure food security.

Activities of the Istanbul Branch of the Turkish Child Protection Society (1917–1935)

Activities of the Istanbul Branch of the Turkish Child Protection Society (1917–1935)