Intelligent Society Research Articles

Stakeholders' Requirements for Artificial Intelligence for Healthcare in Korea.

ObjectivesThe outlook of artificial intelligence for healthcare (AI4H) is promising. However, no studies have yet discussed the issues from the perspective of stakeholders in Korea. This research aimed to identify stakeholders’ requirements for AI4H to accelerate the business and research of AI4H.MethodsWe identified research funding trends from the Korean National Science and Technology Knowledge Information Service (NTIS) from 2015 and 2019 using “healthcare AI” and related keywords. Furthermore, we conducted an online survey with members of the Korean Society of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine to identify experts’ opinions regarding the development of AI4H. Finally, expert interviews were conducted with 13 experts in three areas (hospitals, industry, and academia).ResultsWe found 160 related projects from the NTIS. The major data type was radiology images (59.4%). Dermatology-related diseases received the most funding, followed by pulmonary diseases. Based on the survey responses, radiology images (23.9%) were the most demanding data type. Over half of the solutions were related to diagnosis (33.3%) or prognosis prediction (31%). In the expert interviews, all experts mentioned healthcare data for AI solutions as a major issue. Experts in the industrial field mainly mentioned regulations, practical efficacy evaluation, and data accessibility.ConclusionsWe identified technology, regulatory, and data issues for practical AI4H applications from the perspectives of stakeholders in hospitals, industry, and academia in Korea. We found issues and requirements, including regulations, data utilization, reimbursement, and human resource development, that should be addressed to promote further research in AI4H.

FORMATION OF PRIORITIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLECTUAL POTENTIAL IN THE CONDITIONS OF ESTABLISHING A KNOWLEDGE-BASED ECONOMY

Abstract. Ukrainian economic development innovative model formation is accompanied by the scientific and technological developments, and high breakthrough nature technologies introduction. These circumstances objectively set Ukraine the task for interaction strengthening of higher education, science and innovation, intellectual potential effective use as the main driver of socio-economic growth. The article substantiates the strategic priorities for Ukrainian intellectual potential development in the formation of knowledge-based economy social transformation conditions. A new essence understanding of the category «intellectual potential of society» is proposed. In the knowledge-based economy paradigm, the main social goal is human and his labor and intellectual development. The priority place of man in the system of modern socio-economic development is substantiated and its triune role as a source of national wealth, its part and purpose of social development is proved. Global and national challenges for Ukraine in the context of preventing degradation and destruction of existing intellectual potential are described. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the national intellect as the most valuable humanity capital, as well as knowledge becomes the main driver of value creation. It is proved that Ukrainian intellectual potential development can be ensured by competitive education, leading science, innovative technologies and spiritual culture. In our opinion, the state policy of intellectual potential development and use in Ukraine as a component of the national policy should be relevant. A set of measures to activate the intellectual potential use is identified. The practical recommendations implementation makes it possible to modify the conceptual basis for proving the imperative characteristics of intellectual potential as a strategic resource for the society development in the context of global political and economic challenges.Identifying priority areas and understanding their impact on the processes of intellectual potential development and effective use, the formation of values in society, will contribute to the formation of a knowledge-based economy. Keywords: knowledge-based economy, intellectual potential, social and economic development, scientific and technological development, highly intelligent society. JEL Classіfіcatіon D83, I25, M53, P46, Z1 Formulas: 0; fig.: 0; tabl.: 1; bibl.: 22.

Controllable carrier polarity in 2D HfS2(1−x)Te2x for short-wave infrared photodiodes

Infrared photodetectors and cameras have been demonstrated important applications in intelligent society. The current infrared detectors based on III-V/II-VI semiconductors, however, always suffer from complex preparation processes, high cost, and cryogenic operations. Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials with tunable bandgaps and good optoelectronic properties, therefore, show great potential for high-performance infrared photodetection. Furthermore, the tunable carrier polarities in 2D layered materials are the essential requirements for fabrication of functional elements (p-n junctions or inverters). Here, we reported synthesized 2D HfS2(1−x)Te2x single-crystalline materials with highly-tunable carrier polarity (n-type, intrinsic, p-type, or semimetal) for short-wave infrared (SWIR) photodetection. Electrical measurements and density-functional theory calculations show their carrier polarity and bandgaps can be modulated simultaneously by varying chemical compositions. We then demonstrated HfS0.68Te1.32/HfS1.8Te0.2 van der Waals heterojunction photodiodes which exhibited a desired room-temperature specific detectivity of 3.5 × 109 cm Hz1/2 W−1 and fast response time of 78.9/ 95 μs in SWIR regime. Our work provides an alternative strategy for broadband detection using bandgap engineering and tunable carrier polarities in 2D layered materials.

Call for Special Issue Papers: Sustainable Solutions for Internet of Things Using Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain in Future Networks

The world is undergoing a thoughtful revolution with the arrival of the intelligent information era. The central realms accompanying smart living such as transportation, entertainment, healthcare and smart cities are projected to improve service quality assuring a high-end user experience. Future mobile networks are projected to foster the future of ubiquitously connected data-intensive intelligent society powered with complete automation by seamless integrating of all sorts of wireless networks spread over the ground, underwater, air and space. This special issue aims to bring together foremost researchers in academia and engineering from various backgrounds to disseminate to the technical community an outline of emerging technologies, advanced architectures, challenges, open issues and future directions of modern networks in artificial intelligence, internet of things, and blockchain-based applications.

Construction of Sports and Health Data Resources and Transformation of Teachers' Orientation Based on Web Database.

In the intelligent era, emerging information technology helps to transform the information society into an intelligent society and the educational system into a new educational ecology. Teachers must change their roles to be competent for future education and teaching as a result of social transformation, technology application, and education development. Simultaneously, figuring out how to sort sports health data and analyze students' physical health information with a low error rate is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Data management skills are an unavoidable requirement of the current state of school physical education. Sports health information management will become easier as computer technology advances and the country places a greater emphasis on computer networks. This paper proposes a Web database-based sports health data management system. This paper can help schools understand the relationship between important factors and indicators that affect students' health in order to guide them in making timely changes to their physical education programs. Provide a reasonable sports health plan based on scientific analysis and evaluation to achieve the goal of improving students' physical quality and reducing workload.

Ghostbusters and CIS [President’s Message

Hey all, Well, it looks like I’m the President of the IEEE Computational Intelligence Society for 2022-2023. Talk about your “hard act to follow!” I have great admiration and affection for Bernadette Bouchon-Meunier who led us through the unprecedented time of the COVID-19 pandemic with such grace and acumen. I have been fortunate to have worked with her over the years in several capacities, have had an inside view of CIS as her President-elect in 2021, but most of all to be able to call her “mon amie”. She’ll continue to provide leadership as past president in 2022 to my great relief. Bernadette followed a long line of dedicated and innovative Presidents; CIS has been fortunate for their leadership. Now it’s my turn “in the barrel”. The good news for me (and for you!) is that we have a large cast of extremely talented folks who carry the brunt of the organizational load. The Vice Presidents are energic and committed. Besides Finance, Publications, Conferences, Technical Activities, Education, and Membership, 2022 will see a VP in new focus area, Industry and Government Activities. The leadership of the CIS standing committees, subcommittees, ad hoc committees, EiCs and AEs, and conference chairs do so much to ensure that all goes well within CIS. Also, we are blessed with 3 outstanding IEEE staff members who keep the wheels of CIS rolling smoothly.

Deep Learning-Aided 6G Wireless Networks: A Comprehensive Survey of Revolutionary PHY Architectures

Deep learning (DL) has proven its unprecedented success in diverse fields such as computer vision, natural language processing, and speech recognition by its strong representation ability and ease of computation. As we move forward to a thoroughly intelligent society with 6G wireless networks, new applications and use-cases have been emerging with stringent requirements for next-generation wireless communications. Therefore, recent studies have focused on the potential of DL approaches in satisfying these rigorous needs and overcoming the deficiencies of existing model-based techniques. The main objective of this article is to unveil the state-of-the-art advancements in the field of DL-based physical layer (PHY) methods to pave the way for fascinating applications of 6G. In particular, we have focused our attention on four promising PHY concepts foreseen to dominate next-generation communications, namely massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, sophisticated multi-carrier (MC) waveform designs, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-empowered communications, and PHY security. We examine up-to-date developments in DL-based techniques, provide comparisons with state-of-the-art methods, and introduce a comprehensive guide for future directions. We also present an overview of the underlying concepts of DL, along with the theoretical background of well-known DL techniques. Furthermore, this article provides programming examples for a number of DL techniques and the implementation of a DL-based MIMO by sharing user-friendly code snippets, which might be useful for interested readers.

Smart Grids as product-service systems in the framework of energy 5.0 - a state-of-the-art review

Aim: This work explores the opportunities and challenges associated with the integration of Product Service Systems (PSS) into Smart Grids (SGs) with the aim of improving manufacturing and production systems’ sustainability under the Society 5.0 framework. Methods: A bibliometric analysis was conducted to examine the existing bibliographic material and identify the primary scientific directions for this research area. The aim was to provide a thorough understanding of the research problems and perform an in-depth analysis of the distinctive aspects of development of the scientific research in this field and visualize the results with VOS viewer tool. Results: Industry, society, and academia are being reshaped and reorganized to integrate new information and communications technology (ICT) to enable complete digitization and digitalization of their infrastructures. This trend is driven by the need for more resilient, environmentally sustainable, and human-centric systems, as indicated by the terms Industry 5.0 and Society 5.0. Electrical power generation and distribution currently are critical issues for society. In this context, SGs are examined from the perspective of product-service systems (PSSs). The key enabling technologies are discussed and a technical discussion based on presentation of implemented frameworks follows. Conclusion: Intelligent societies will become the new reality. It is necessary to adapt existing infrastructures toward human centricity, resilience, and sustainability. SGs require further development, with several challenges still to be addressed. However, engineers have several technologies available, including blockchain and PSSs, to promote client activity in societal infrastructures.

Artificial Intelligence education for young children: Why, what, and how in curriculum design and implementation

Artificial intelligence (AI) education has posed fundamental challenges to early childhood education (ECE), including (1) why AI is necessary and appropriate for learning in the early years, (2) what is the subset of key AI ideas and concepts that can be learned by children, and (3) how to engage children in a meaningful experience that allows them to acquire these fundamental AI concepts. This report from the ECE field discusses the key considerations for developing an AI curriculum for young children. These key considerations altogether present an innovative pedagogical model for AI literacy education in early childhood. This model argues that AI literacy is an organic part of digital literacy for all citizens in an increasingly intelligent society. The core AI knowledge that can be explored with young children is: Using large amounts of data input, AI algorithms can be continuously trained to identify patterns, make predictions, and recommend actions, even though with limitations. Based on the theoretical notions of learning-by-making and pedagogy-as-relational, an embodied, culturally responsive approach should be used to enable young children's exploration with AI technologies. Finally, an exemplary curriculum named “AI for Kids” is introduced to demonstrate this pedagogical model and explain how educators can provide children culturally responsive inquiry opportunities to interact with and understand AI technologies. The synthesis of knowledge regarding “Why”, “What”, and “How” to do with AI education for young children informs a new way to engage children in STEM and understanding the digital world.

Мережева економіка: еволюція розвитку, передумови становлення концепції, концептуальні підходи до визначення

New economic conditions in the context of the information and technological revolution led to an increase in the role and importance of intangible factors of production, in particular information and knowledge resources. Transformational processes that covered all aspects of society, turned it from industrial one to post-industrial service-information (network-based) one with the appropriate type of economy. All this, in turn, determines that the dominant tendency of the contemporary world economic development is the formation of a network economy, which leads to radical transformations of various spheres of economic activity. In view of this, the study is aimed at the theoretically summarizing and systematizing the exitant conceptual approaches to the interpretation of the concept of «network economy»; substantiating the authors’ approach to defining the content of this scientific category. As result of the study, it is found that the concept of «network economy» is synonymous with such definitions as: high-tech economics; knowledge economy; global, new, informational, digital, digitalized, virtual, information and network-based, electronic, cognitive, noospheric, creative, service, innovative, intellectual economy; post-industrial society; information society; network intelligence society; e-business, etc. Using a system approach and the classification method, the interpretations of the term «network economy», which are proposed by various scientific schools, are conditionally systematized in the following groups: the basis of the information society; new economic system; a new type of economy; state of the economy; specific form of organization; a qualitatively new form of management of the national economy; type of economic system; type of post-industrial economy; characteristics of the global economy; form of innovative economy; innovation factor; system of new economic relations; multilevel spatial structure; structured information space; interactive environment; form of economic activity; an instrument to increase the level of development of the knowledge economy; national security mechanism. The article provides an authors’ approach to defining the category of «network economy» as a new type of economic environment resulting from the digitalization of fast-growing, highly interactive real-time connections between economic agents, different categories of stakeholders, digital technologies, information systems, devices, electronic networks. It is proposed that network economy as a category be considered according to the three positions: as an economic activity carried out through electronic and computer networks; as a global information environment where subjects of economic relations can contact each other about joint activities using digital technologies; as a fundamentally new form of management of the national economy, based on horizontal (direct) long-term partnerships between economic entities in a single digital space in the context of globalization.

Rights of Component in the Republic of Turkey

The issue of minority rights is of great importance in the contemporary world, particularly in states where there are multiple minorities, and sometimes these diversity of nationalities and ethnic differences pose a challenge and disruption to their stability and national security, and at other times one of the reasons for their excellence and rich social structure, national minorities have collective political, civil and cultural demands such as the right to self- administration and education in the mother tongue Participation in the political process, which involves its own constitutional organization, is formulated in a way that creates harmony among the components of this society. With regard to the position of the constitutional founder in Turkish constitutions, around rights of an intelligent society, we find different positions, some of which are geared towards highlighting Turkish nationalism and the Turkish nation and denying the existence rights and freedoms for all citizens of Turkey As for the amendments to the Constitution of the Republic of Turkey of 1982, which are reluctant to play the role of the military in interfering in political and constitutional life, although there is no amendment to any article on the rights of national minorities, they have a role to play in giving a simple bit of minority rights

Populism: Drivers, measurements and protectors

Populism is a fairly young concept. It does not have a single definition, neither does it have a single ideology. Populists can operate in a wide spectrum — from the extreme left to the extreme right. They gain popularity by focusing on issues important to large groups of the population that are avoided by the political elite. In Europe it is immigration issue, in the USA it is the loss of jobs in industry; in Ukraine it is low income, unequal opportunities, unfair distribution of wealth, and corruption. Recently, there has been growing support for populist parties and politicians. Populists, in particular, support traditional social values, nationalism, and oppose immigration. Populists can influence politics, for example, the populist United Kingdom Independence Party initiated a referendum in June 2016 on the UK's membership in the European Union, which resulted in the victory of the supporters of Brexit - the exit of the UK. As Professor Inglehart notes, populism is spreading as a response to the transformation of values, populism expresses a "rollback" from post-materialist values. Populist politicians are unsuccessfully trying to find a solution to the new challenges that have arisen as a result of globalization and the formation of an artificial intelligence society. Thus, Donald Trump's proposals are predominantly xenophobic and authoritarian in nature. Another American politician, Bernard Sanders, notes the solution to the acute problem of economic inequality, but the reforms he proposes are ineffective. In this article, the author try to understand what this phenomenon is, what forms and drivers it has, and most importantly, how populism is measured in Europe and what examples of measurement there are in Ukraine. The results of a study in Ukraine presented in the article make it possible to identify trends of populism growth and find ways to oppose it.

New Education Challenges in the Super Intelligent Society 5.0

The 21st century is called the age of education. Technological development, demographic changes and transformations of the labor market force the necessity of changes and meeting new, difficult life, demanding challenges. This, in turn, enforces the necessity of lifelong learning, developing and updating possessed skills, supplementing knowledge and acquiring new competences. The article deals with the subject of new education challenges in the currently emerging super intelligent society, called Society 5.0. As one of the practical solutions using technology in the form of education added value, adapted to the individual capabilities of the student, adaptive learning and personalized teaching, education cyborgization were presented. Theoretical considerations were supported by examples of practical educational implementations made by global IT companies, including the Małopolska Educational Cloud.

HUMANITARIAN COMPONENT IN EDUCATION OF HEI GRADUATES IN MODERN “INTELLIGENT SOCIETY”

the article deals with the specific features of the humanitarian component of the education of higher educational institution graduates and its improvement in the context of the development of the University for the Future; it is also suggested that specialists consider and discuss the modern society as an "intelligent society", which is capable of addressing dynamically socio-economic, political, military and other challenges of today's multicultural world.

Self-conscious intelligent technological societies in the universe: a simple direct approach to probable astrosociological realistic scenarios

AbstractWe present an alternative equation to estimate the probable numberNof self-conscious intelligent technological societies (SCITSs) within the radius of the observable universe. This equation has only one poorly-known factor,Pc, the SCITS's formation probability, which can be estimated within an uncertainty by a factor of 102(10−11≤Pc≤ 10−9) by applying the restriction imposed by Fermi's Paradox. The SCITS's formation rate for a typical spiral galaxy is then estimated as ≈1 civ Gyr−1. For a very optimistic maximum life expectancy ≈108yr, the conclusion is that two civilizations never coexist in the same galaxy. Our estimated values forPcare compatible with current biological and astrophysical evidences. We also propose an alternative astrosociological classification scheme which enables us to speculate about possible evolutionary paths for SCITSs in the universe. The so-called ‘Closed Bottle Neck’ (CBN) scenario suggests that civilizations are no exit evolutionary ways. We argue that simply there would not be interstellar travels nor Galaxy colonization or a Galactic Club. Thus Fermi's Paradox results eliminated, and the perspectives about the future of our own civilization may not be positive.

Phenomenological Studies in Reforming Smart Buildings According to the Community Concept 5.0

Today, with the various problems faced by the world community, it requires everyone in various countries to develop technology and science to overcome various problems that are currently faced and predict future problems. Through innovation, the world's technological engineering is felt in the palm of the hand, even if only by means of a cell phone. This condition then inspired the Japanese Cabinet in 2016 to initiate society 5.0 or Society 5.0 through the Japanese Cabinet within the framework of the 5th Science and Technology Basic Plan. The big vision carried by the Japanese Cabinet in the 5th design and technology plan is to create a Super Intelligent Society (MSC). MSC is positioned as the fifth stage of development in the social structure of society, after previously the hunter / gatherer, agrarian, industrial, and information societies. In line with the development and innovation referred to above, the demand for services in the property sector, especially in building buildings, is getting higher. So that the concept of "Smart Building" or better known as Smart Building / Intelligent Building is created. This concept was born as a result of increasing human welfare and changes in modern life patterns that demand a level of service and management of the building environment, which greatly affects the welfare and services in the workplace, which in turn will affect productivity, morality and satisfaction. Therefore, efforts to adjust the current conditions between the speed of information technology development and the growth of a new generation of humans in this era which are almost linear / concurrent, as well as between society and building, are an effort that must be made so that technological and social developments can coincide. . This effort is what is meant by reformulation of Smart Buildings in the Concept of Society 5.0.

Preface of the 4th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics, Informatics, and Vocational Education (ICE-ELINVO) 2021

ICE-ELINVO 2021 is the fourth international conference on Electrical, Electronics, Informatics, and Vocational Education organized by the Department of Electrical Engineering Education in cooperation with the Department of Electronics and Informatics Education, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. The 4th ICE-ELINVO 2021 was held virtually on October 5th, 2021 due to the Covid-10 pandemic and some of its restrictions issues. The main purpose of this conference is to bring together the professional practices, industrial experts, researchers, vocational teachers, academia, and decision-makers including the government to a unified communication forum for sharing their recent research and developmental activities in Electrical, Electronics, Informatics, Mechatronics, and Vocational Education.This year’s conference theme is the “INNOVATION ON RESEARCH IN ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONICS, INFORMATICS, MECHATRONICS, AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN SUPPORTING SUSTAINABLE SOCIETIES”. In the new normal era, developments and innovations in technology are more advanced with a variety of sophistication that can facilitate almost all of our work. Industry 4.0 technologies such as mobile internet, automation of knowledge work, the internet of things, cloud technology, advanced robotics, artificial intelligence, embedded systems, and autonomous vehicles, provide new opportunities for humans to support intelligent societies. This conference is initiated to contribute cutting-edge ideas to technology growth.

After Two Years [President’s Message

This is my last message to you as President of the IEEE Computational Intelligence Society, after two years of living with the pandemic. What happened during these two years? Progress has been made on our priorities.

Integrated Quality Control Process for Hydrological Database: A Case Study of Daecheong Dam Basin in South Korea

In our intelligent society, water resources are being managed using vast amounts of hydrological data collected through telemetric devices. Recently, advanced data quality control technologies for data refinement based on hydrological observation history, such as big data and artificial intelligence, have been studied. However, these are impractical due to insufficient verification and implementation periods. In this study, a process to accurately identify missing and false-reading data was developed to efficiently validate hydrological data by combining various conventional validation methods. Here, false-reading data were reclassified into suspected and confirmed groups by combining the results of individual validation methods. Furthermore, an integrated quality control process that links data validation and reconstruction was developed. In particular, an iterative quality control feedback process was proposed to achieve highly reliable data quality, which was applied to precipitation and water level stations in the Daecheong Dam Basin, South Korea. The case study revealed that the proposed approach can improve the quality control procedure of hydrological database and possibly be implemented in practice.

A Joint Model Provisioning and Request Dispatch Solution for Low-Latency Inference Services on Edge.

With the advancement of machine learning, a growing number of mobile users rely on machine learning inference for making time-sensitive and safety-critical decisions. Therefore, the demand for high-quality and low-latency inference services at the network edge has become the key to modern intelligent society. This paper proposes a novel solution that jointly provisions machine learning models and dispatches inference requests to reduce inference latency on edge nodes. Existing solutions either direct inference requests to the nearest edge node to save network latency or balance edge nodes’ workload by reducing queuing and computing time. The proposed solution provisions each edge node with the optimal number and type of inference instances under a holistic consideration of networking, computing, and memory resources. Mobile users can thus be directed to utilize inference services on the edge nodes that offer minimal serving latency. The proposed solution has been implemented using TensorFlow Serving and Kubernetes on an edge cluster. Through simulation and testbed experiments under various system settings, the evaluation results showed that the joint strategy could consistently achieve lower latency than simply searching for the best edge node to serve inference requests.