Changes In Society Research Articles

Nieuchronność zmian edukacyjnych w zmieniającym się społeczeństwie

<b>Cel.</b> Artykuł przedstawia analizę zmian edukacyjnych, dokonujących się w warunkach zmieniającego się świata. Autorka na podstawie dostępnej literatury – a szczególnie książki profesora Mirosława J. Szymańskiego – poszukuje odpowiedzi na pytania dotyczące przygotowania (się) jednostki do odpowiedzialnego funkcjonowania w zmieniającym się społeczeństwie, możliwości sprawnego działania w nowych warunków kulturowych, rozumienia zjawisk i kierowania sobą. Na tym tle sygnalizuje zmieniające się zadania szkoły i nauczyciela. <b>Materiały i metoda.</b> Przegląd i analiza literatury przedmiotu. <b>Wnioski.</b> Edukacja jest dziedziną społecznie bardzo ważną, ale zarazem bardzo trudną. Przyszłość społeczeństw – w tym także naszego narodu – zależy w dużej mierze od stanu edukacji. Szczególnie w czasie gwałtownej zmiany społecznej, którą cechuje wszechstronny i kompleksowy charakter, edukacja ma do spełnienia istotną rolę. Szkoła i inne instytucje edukacyjne poddawane są ogromnym wyzwaniom. To one – obok rodziny i innych ogniw społeczeństwa, takich jak ośrodki władzy, instytucje kultury, środki masowego przekazu – odpowiadają za jakość socjalizacji i wychowania dzieci i młodzieży. Choć ośrodków i instytucji działających w tym obszarze jest wiele, odpowiedzialność szkoły jest szczególna. Rysują się różnorodne zadania dla edukacji i dla nauczyciela, zmierzające do kształtowania u ludzi kompetencji aktywnego, świadomego i odpowiedzialnego uczestnictwa w tych zmianach. Pojawiają się pytania: Czy szkoła jest odpowiednio przygotowana do tych wyzwań? Jaki związek ma edukacja z rosnącym tempem przemian społecznych i nasilającą się nieprzejrzystością świata? Niniejszy artykuł jest pewnego rodzaju zaproszeniem do dyskusji oraz samodzielnego poszukiwania i udzielania odpowiedzi na te i inne pytania skierowanym do czytelnika.

Educational counselors and psychologists roles in interactions with parents in a diverse, polarized and changing society: Early childhood education interns perceptions

Educational counselors and psychologists roles in interactions with parents in a diverse, polarized and changing society: Early childhood education interns perceptions

예술가의 활동과 도시 젠트리피케이션과의 관계 고찰

It is time for academic research on how artistic elements change regions and societies, their roles and types, and the action process and meaning analysis of social perception, and various policy measures according to types in the process of gentrification. Various social, cultural, and economic problems are revealed in the general process of gentrification, such as urban fallout, the emergence of artists and gentrifires, revitalizing people's interests and commercial districts, and revitalizing the city, such as local renovation and reconstruction. In this study, we studied and analyzed how these artists' activities affect gentrification, perceptions of social members, related systems and administrative plans and support systems of governments and local governments, and various cases of gentrification. According to the results of the study, a topic on how artistic elements affect the gentrification of the city was derived. The final goal of this study is to induce the search for policy alternatives for sustainable gentrification through academic research on artist activities and gentrification and various case analysis.

메타픽션과 독자 참여: 커트 보네것의 『제5도살장』과 수잔 최의 『신뢰 연습』을 중심으로

In metafiction, the author’s interference is the biggest feature that is capable of making readers face an uncomfortable reality through fiction. For this purpose, the author puts himself/herself forward and uses unconventional narrative techniques. The author’s uncomfortable intervention is to make readers recognize the gap between fiction and reality, intentionally disrupting readers’ focus on the novel. In this process, readers can perceive the unrealistic reality, not explicitly exhibited in reality, leading them to be more interested in social issues. In this study, the techniques Kurt Vonnegut and Susan Choi used in their works are analyzed. First, in Slaughterhouse-Five, the techniques Vonnegut uses are teleportation in time and space, the author’s role as a character and the narrator of the novel, and repetitive phrases. These metafictional techniques make readers look at the reality objectively and realize the brutal reality of war. In this work, Vonnegut leads readers to denounce war and pursue peace. In Trust Exercise, Choi uses a modified frame narrative structure, authorial interference, and features of drama to make readers recognize the imbalance of power in a relationship. Choi focuses on the situation of women with three female protagonists making readers pursue truth following scattered clues. Through this process, Choi urges readers to participate in finding a solution to the imbalance of power in society. Using these various metafiction techniques, the authors successfully intervene in their readers’ process of reading and can lead them to participate in changing society for the future.

Я-реальное и Я-виртуальное: идентификационные матрицы подростков и взрослых

<p>Understanding the trajectories of identity formation in response to the interplay between traditional and digital socialization, especially among the younger generation, is interesting for predicting the areas of opportunity and risks of a changing society. The aim of the study is to carry out a comparative analysis of the specific aspects of online and offline identities and their structure in adolescents and parents. The study sample comprised 396 adolescents aged 14 to 17 and 411 parents of adolescents of this age. The ‘Who Am I’ method was used to assess real and virtual identities. The results show that the online and offline identity matrices of adolescents and parents differ from each other in a number of parameters. For adolescents, the categories of the “Social Self” and “Personal Self” appear online as equal, while offline the importance of the social Self increases. For parents, the social Self definitely dominates in the two worlds. For adolescents and parents, digital identity is the leading subcategory in the online social Self. Parents are characterized by a less rich Self-image in the virtual space compared to both adolescents and their own image of the real Self. The virtual Self and the real Self do not oppose each other but actively interact on the principle of mutual complementation. Meanwhile, for adolescents and parents they differ significantly in content and are constructed in different ways. Compared to parents, adolescents develop a more holistic Self-image online and offline, which allows them to master adaptive strategies of mixed convergent reality better, and in retrospect the strategies prove to be pre-adaptive and determine a higher readiness of new generations to change.</p>

Strategi Membangun Kepercayaan terhadap Lembaga Kepolisian melalui Pendekatan Sosio Institusional Komperatif

The police need the public's trust to do their job well. Recognizing this, police organizations across Europe are applying a variety of methods to gain trust or trust-building strategies. In its implementation, trust in the police and the legitimacy of the police pay less attention to what the police do to increase trust. In this regard the author will outline an approach to understanding strategies for building police trust in their social and institutional contexts by applying a comparative and dynamic perspective. Illustrating the value of a socio-institutional approach to trust-building strategies, each of these phases is discussed in the context of a comparative and dynamic study of police trust building strategies in England and Wales, Denmark, and the Netherlands. It is said that a more sophisticated understanding of building trust in its social and institutional context not only tells us something about the police, but also helps us understand how state institutions shape and maintain their position in the complex environment of our changing society.

“Tears on a Mask”: In the Time of Covid-19

“Analysing digital poetry, namely poetry published and disseminated via social media, will allow for a better chance at understanding how literature participates in contemporary culture” (Schaefer 179). Contemporary culture is now marked by the Covid-19 global pandemic. As daily lives are permeated by various governmental restrictions and lockdowns that prevent physicality and privilege digitality, online operations have never been more necessary for communication, connection, and interaction. Meanwhile, a new generation of Spanish poets wields the social media environment as its writing space. Instagram poems or <em>Instapoemas</em> published by the likes of Leticia Sala, Elvira Sastre, and Diego Bergasa exemplify personal experience and grapple with nostalgia for “pre-Covid” life. These texts not only forge connections between reader–users in a period of isolation and uncertainty but assist in navigating the changing society of today, reflecting on the past while posing questions regarding the future of society and of contemporary poetry.

СТРАТЕГИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОГО ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО ВУЗА РОССИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ ПОСТИНДУСТРИАЛЬНОГО ОБЩЕСТВА (НА ПРИМЕРЕ УРАЛЬСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА)

Analysis of the current state of higher education system in Russia is carried out. Basing on the analysis results recommendations are proposed for working out an effective strategy for regional economic university development in the realities of a changing society (case of the Ural State University of Economics is considered). It is shown that a prerequisite for the success of a regional university is thoughtful and active interaction with regional authorities, business, and social institutions to provide the development of the region.

POETIC APPROACH IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SCHOOL CURRICULUM FOR SOCIAL CHANGE IN NIGERIA: A SOCIALIST READING OF MTSHALI AND OSUNDARE’S POETRY.

The need for effective teaching and learning has called for various approaches in impartation of knowledge, skill, attitudes and values among learners in school system. The paper attempted to employ poetic approaches in implementation of school curriculum for social change in Nigeria. Consequently, the paper used poems written by Mtshali and Osundare to present an ideal society and need for social change. The poems so used were: sound of cowhide drum and eye on the earth. The paper concluded that social change is not only a requirement for societal development, but also a condition for harmonious living. To achieve this there should be a deliberate effort to train learners who are leaders of tomorrow to embrace social change. This could help in improving their leadership potential and efficient governance which has always been lacking among many societal leaders as exemplified by many crises in African societies and beyond.

Spiritual but not religious seek unrestricted connection to selves, others, and earth: Formative research on the explosive growth of an ‘inactive public’ beyond the organization

Spiritual but not religious seek unrestricted connection to selves, others, and earth: Formative research on the explosive growth of an ‘inactive public’ beyond the organization

POETICS OF THE LITERARY SIMULACRUM

The article describes the poetic features of one of the basic terms of postmodern literature - simulacrum. The global trend of postmodernism has brought many new changes to society. Naturally, when changing society, consciousness and literature, and requirements to them, and measures to present it, are updated. Modern scholars identify three dominant properties of postmodernism. These include dialogue, play, and intertextuality. However, among the characteristics listed, there is no core of governance to organize the unity of application. Thus, simulacrum is analyzed as a universal category of post-modernist aesthetics and as a key element of the poetry of the postmodernist text. That is, it will be one of the tools to study postmodernist works. Along with the history of the origin and establishment of the simulacrum category, the historical basis in the writings of Plato in the early centuries is differentiated, the interpretation as the main term of postmodern philosophy in the research of the French poststructuralists G. Bataille, P. Klassovski, J. Derrida in the following centuries. The concepts of J. Baudrillard «Simulacrum and simulation», representations of G. Deleuze about the connections between religion and simulacrum have been comprehensively analyzed. The works of the Russian literary scholar M. Bakhtin cover theories concerning the problems of the artistic text, the author and the hero. On the basis of the theory of «Author-hero» of the scientist, the interrelation of the problem of integrity of the author and the hero with the concept of simulacrum is examined.

Anti-Racism and Social Marketing: Paths for Research and Intervention

Background This conceptual paper is an invitation to reflection and action, and is especially targeted to social marketing researchers and professionals to sensitize and engage in recent efforts to break with the limited and low coverage of investigations and interventions in the field on the topics of racism and anti-racism. Filling this gap is a challenge to be faced by academics and social marketers so that the area can properly connect, understand and contribute to contemporary movements that are challenging society for change. Focus of the Article This study aims to explicate and delineate conceptual approximations between the thinking and practices of social marketing and anti-racism to explore the observation of points of dialogue and potential, while the articulation of these approaches can accelerate and strengthen positive social changes. Research Questions What is anti-racism? What aspects and actions circumscribe and contribute to integrating anti-racism and social marketing knowledge? How can this articulation support the analysis and development of anti-racist social marketing strategies and interventions? Importance to the Social Marketing Field This paper contributes to encourage an expansion of mentality, knowledge and behavior related to racial issues and social marketing, and to stimulate ideas that, supported by anti-racism studies and interventions, provide paths that can be continuously adopted in the research, design and implementation of social marketing initiatives. Methods This conceptual article is organized by a literature survey, from sources such as recent meta-analyses, reviews and experimental studies from marketing, communication, education, and social and cognitive psychology, in order to understand the conceptual aspects of racism and anti-racism and their expressions in the contemporary world. Also, there are some case and practice suggestions on how anti-racism and social marketing can be aligned to address racism. The literature explored in this article is published in English and Portuguese. Results The anti-racism aspects presented in this text cover and provide paths that can be useful and explored in different directions in social marketing research and practice. From this perspective, the shared conceptual organization can also support academics and professionals in the area, unfamiliar with studies on racism and anti-racism expressions, to integrate these concepts in their research, plans and programs of intervention or review in these activities. Recommendations for Research or Practice The reported case and practice suggestions are not analyzed in depth. However, this is a task that should be developed critically and with more attention in future works, considering the developments, metrics, sustainability, backlash effects, and effectiveness or not of recent initiatives. More broadly, it is also pointed out that anti-racist commitments and initiatives of companies’ diversity and inclusion programs, such as those reviewed in the text, should be considered as relevant sources of analysis for social marketing studies.

The Spirit Empowering Counselors to be Culturally Competent in a Racially and Ethnically Changing Society

Significant change in the counseling field begins in counselor education programs. Concerns of biased, incompetent, and ineffective counseling services for culturally diverse clients plague the mental health profession (ACA, 2021; Sue & Sue, 2016). Rapid shifts in the racial and ethnic demographic composition of American society and the overt expression of hate and violence on the lives of People of Color place a greater demand on mental health professionals to pursue and acquire multicultural competencies (Brown, 2020; Embrick, 2015). Cultural awareness, knowledge, and skills are needed to establish meaningful therapeutic relationships, to provide effective treatment, and to effectively advocate for culturally diverse clients (CACREP, 2016; Sue & Sue, 2016). These competencies assist counselors in positively impacting client relationships, therapeutic progress, and overall well-being. Counselor education programs should be taking the lead in preparing students to effectively serve these increasingly diverse populations. Christian counselors and Christian counselor educators have an even greater responsibility in this endeavor which is fundamentally rooted and anchored in the commandments and principles of love (AACC, 2014).

The Changing Face of Colonial Education in Africa by Peter Kallaway

Reviewed by: The Changing Face of Colonial Education in Africa by Peter Kallaway Tiana Nowzari The Changing Face of Colonial Education in Africa. By Peter Kallaway. New York: Routledge, 2020. Peter Kallaway is a South African professor emeritus at the University of the Western Cape. He has published several works on education and society in Africa within a colonial context. His new book provides an extensive analysis of the authority figures that held power over policymaking and which knowledge prioritized over others. The Changing Face of Colonial Education in Africa offers a comprehensive and nuanced examination of colonial history in South Africa and its influences on educational policies during the last phase and formal end of colonialism. Although the research focuses on a South African context, the author applies the narrative to the general context of African history to illustrate infrequently explored topics of development and education in Africa. The research explains the process and evolution of educational reforms that have aimed to change perceived social and educational problems. More importantly, it describes the intent to reform African culture and way of life through a Eurocentric lens. This book provides extensive knowledge of colonial education in Africa and touches on sociological concepts of colonialism and postcolonialism. The author delivers a compelling description of African history based on scientific research and development. This book contributes to sociological research, particularly to colonial and postcolonial theories. These theories can be applied throughout the author's research as it underlines the main social and educational influences throughout the development of education in Africa. At the beginning of the book, Kallaway offers a broad social background of Western capitalist and imperialist goals that ultimately had an impact on the decisions made within policymaking in education. International organisations, such as the International Missionary Council, helped configure the initial objective of "civilising the natives" by westernising them. Based on Eurocentric ideologies, the aim was to assimilate South Africans into a Christian society. The main principle sought to create Christian Africans at school who could implement Christian values in everyday life. The book considers the socialisation process within schools through colonialism and displays the relevance of using education as an agent for social change. It further exhibits how education acted as a tool to propagate colonial discourses throughout other civilizations. African knowledge and customs were undervalued compared to the inclusion of Eurocentric and, primarily, white-led strategies. Kallaway's work thus offers a demonstration of how education served to shape a society influenced by Western culture. Kallaway's work provides historical examples that are important when compared to other sociological research and knowledge. He compares policymaking to other international events of assimilation and colonialism, such as Indian and African-American educational reform, that sought to create an emerging culture contingent on Christian values in South Africa. In other words, his book offers an insight into general colonial theories and practices that are a grander narrative of colonial and Eurocentric discourses imitated across continents that aimed to colonise societies. Policymakers used pre-existing knowledge and experiences from international and historical examples that designed the approach to sketching educational policies. His work issues a comprehensible conception of the social changes that would ultimately influence the developing goals and policies in education. The author produces an in-depth insight into the underlying problems stemming from the gap between education and greater African society. From a Eurocentric lens, educational policies excluded African culture and traditions. However, this book sheds light on the advocacy for the inclusion of African values and customs in the decision-making process of policy implementation. The removal of culture and tradition in education emphasised the separation of Africans from their Indigenous lifestyles and knowledge. It also fuelled the advocacy for the reclamation of culture with the argument that it would promote the reintegration of Africans into changing societies. The mission developed through the emergence and contribution of scientific research-based methodology. The importance of scientific methodology in policy development demonstrates a continuously changing phenomenon needing to evolve to produce promising results. It introduced a new way to assess policymaking and reconstructed methods that create academic institutions. Kallaway writes about a chronological timeline of the methodology that narrated South...

Significant Health Literacy as Zest for Living in the Aging Society

In the current changing society, the elderly need the zest for living. For acquiring satisfactory health care and management, an adequate degree of health literacy would be required. From the research of Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) and Short Test of Functional Health Literacy Assessment (S-TOFHLA), significant differences were found in living in urban areas, regular exercise, medical service-seeking behavior, occupation, self-care ability and others. For higher health literacy, the significance of cultural and recreational activities would be advocated, such as sports and music. This continuation would bring appropriate long-term care services and support (LTSS), leading to well-being, satisfaction and happiness.

The kampung, the city and the nation: Bhinneka Tunggal Ika in the everyday urban life of Kampung Peneleh, Surabaya, Indonesia

Interpreted as ‘unity in diversity’, Indonesia's national politicians appropriated the slogan Bhinneka Tunggal Ika from a fourteenth century poem to legitimise one nation‐state for the diverse archipelago. As Indonesia becomes a rapidly urbanising country, the concepts of ‘unity’ and ‘diversity’ intertwine with changing landscapes and societies. With the growth of cities as centres of population and economic activities, the intensity of development in the city has transformed urban spaces, social interactions, economies and aspirations. Much of these urban transformations have affected urban kampung, early forms of urban settlement. Urban kampung has a historical role in the making of ‘unity in diversity’ as a national concept, but official discourses rarely associate kampung with the slogan, even when concerns on tolerance and diversity increase in urbanising Indonesia. Using urban kampung as a viewpoint in city‐ and nation‐building, we conduct archival and ethnographic research to interpret everyday practices of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika. To what extent does the slogan play a role in the social construction of city neighbourhoods? How do everyday realities in an urban kampung relate to the national slogan? As kampung remains relatively autonomous but also stigmatised in the city, taking kampung as a viewpoint allows insights into city‐ and nation‐building knowledge that integrate everyday practice and conceptualization of the city and the nation.

What’s in a news image? Framing people with disabilities in the changing society of China

The stereotype and stigma that disabled people experience is a communication proposition that deserves academic attention. How the media reports people with disabilities reflects society’s overall perception and evaluation of people with disabilities. This study uses content analysis to demonstrate how People’s Daily, the mainstream media in mainland China, has undergone a process in the designation of people with disabilities from canfei (disabled and waste) to canji (disabled and ill) to canzhang (people encountering obstacles). News reports related to the image of people with disabilities often relate to terms such as ‘heroes’, ‘role models’, ‘builders’, ‘beneficiaries’, and ‘free riders’.

Associations of paternal factors and child’s sex with early vocabulary development – The STEPS study

In a changing society where the roles of fathers and mothers in caregiving are becoming more equal, the role of the father in early language development has also changed. We aimed to study associations between paternal factors and early vocabulary development in boys and girls. In a longitudinal cohort study, we examined the growth of expressive vocabulary in 354 boys and 331 girls between 13 and 24 months of age using the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory. The results show that boys who had fathers not working full time, who had mothers with higher occupational status, and who had a larger vocabulary size at 13 months of age had larger gains in vocabulary. Girls with fathers working as professionals (high occupational status) had larger vocabulary growth compared to girls with fathers of lower occupational status. The results demonstrate that vocabulary growth in boys and girls relates differently to environmental factors. The results highlight the importance of further studies on fathers’ role in children’s early vocabulary development and the need to analyse the influence of environmental factors on early language development as a function of the child’s sex.

Self-Assessment of the Professional Competence of Preschool Teaching Student

One of the objectives of the European Higher Education Area is to promote the development of competences, with an emphasis on those competences that people need to maintain their current quality of life and high level of employability in the face of a changing society and labor market. This study analyzed the self-assessment of student preschool teachers’ professional competence, using a tool (survey) for assessing teachers’ professional competence. A structure of preschool teachers’ professional competence was analyzed. The results indicate that the developed survey can be used as a tool for the self-assessment of teachers’ professional competence. The most highly evaluated sub-competences were general tasks of ensuring professional activity; implementation of learning process; and improvement of professional competence. The data analysis revealed that the question “Is the work related to the field of study?” with the statements included in the survey sections “Implementation of the learning process” and “Improvement of professional competence” is an important indicator in the self-assessment of professional competence among student preschool teachers for the material situation.

Recent advancement in rechargeable battery technologies

AbstractThe ongoing energy issues worldwide have led to the continuous growth of the electrochemical energy storage system in recent years, and the battery is a vital part of it. The battery market, mainly rechargeable batteries, is expanding rapidly to cater to the demands of the changing society, along with the utilization of batteries in electric vehicles, the renewable energy sector, and the industrial sector. From the matured technology like the lead–acid battery to the most advanced Li‐ion (Li‐ion) battery, rechargeable battery technology has developed significantly. In comparison to the conventional lead–acid battery, other rechargeable battery technologies such as Li‐ion, nickel–metal hydride (NiMH), and nickel–cadmium (Ni–Cd) batteries are considered as more promising electrochemical energy storage systems. The Li‐ion battery, which has been on the market since 1991, is the most popular rechargeable battery due to its high energy density and good durability. With the growing market demand of battery with superior electrochemical performance in terms of specific energy, cyclability, stability, and better safety, next generation Li‐ion batteries are being widely explored in the recent time. This review discusses various rechargeable batteries which are in trend and the issues and challenges associated with it. The advancements that have taken place primarily in the electrode (both cathode and anode) materials, along with electrolytes, for improving the battery performance from the year 2000 onwards are discussed. Moreover, discussion on next‐generation batteries is also covered in this review.This article is categorized under: Emerging Technologies &gt; Energy Storage