Social Value Systems Research Articles

Menyama Braya dalam Masyarakat Bali (Perspektif Pendidikan Agama Hindu)

Hindu religious education must be taught to become a guide to life that contains many values ​​and norms that will help people live in all things, including their relationship with Sang Hyang Widhi, fellow humans, and their environment. Menyama braya, meaning "brother", is a well-known social value system in Hindu Bali. The concept of equaling braya is a strong foundation in building harmony and implementing respect between religious communities. This research uses a purposive technique, which means that subjects are selected based on research objectives so that informants can provide the necessary information and aim to obtain the necessary and valid information. Data collection in this research refers to the principle that the researcher is the main tool for conducting research which is used objectively and in accordance with the research objectives. Researchers will also collect data through interviews, observation and documentation with appropriate methods, researchers can obtain accurate results and can help in decision making or policy making in the future. In this research, to analyze Menyama Braya in Balinese Society, perfect Hindu Religious Education in its analysis discusses Menyama Braya in the Balinese Community, namely building social harmony and togetherness between fellow citizens in society. There are many religious and cultural values ​​contained in this tradition, especially in relation to Hindu religious education. The function of Hindu religious education is in the menyama braya tradition in the Balinese community which emphasizes building togetherness, developing local culture and traditions, fostering harmony. The Value of Hindu Religious Education in Embracing Braya in the Balinese Community. The value of Hindu religious education plays an important role in preserving and strengthening the concept of Menyama Braya in Balinese society. These religious values ​​emphasize the importance of unlimited brotherhood, helping each other and maintaining balance, respect, and commitment to environmental cleanliness.

«ГДЕ ЗАПИСЫВАЮТ В КОШАЧЬИ ИМПЕРАТОРЫ?»: ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ОБРАЗОВ ЖИВОТНЫХ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ БРЕНДИРОВАНИИ МУЗЕЕВ И ДОСУГОВЫХ ПРОСТРАНСТВ

The article describes the ways the image of cats is used to make museums attractive to visitors. The author has studied how this practice is applied in such museums as the Hermitage Museum, house museum of Anna Akhmatova on the Fontanka River, the State Museum of Vyborg Castle, and archaeological reserve «Tauric Chersonese». Moreover, some social networking pages on Vkontakte and «Classmates» have been analysed, including those of the cat Bridgelet, the cats from Chersonese, and the cat Philimon from Vyborg Castle. The article proves that the images of the cats from these and other museums have become popular means to attract prospective visitors. The following examples of conducting such a marketing work can prove it: social networking pages run in the name of cats, various contests and events connected with cats. The author has come to the conclusion that the usage of feline images is brought about by multifaceted transformations in society. In particular, nowadays museums and libraries function not merely as places to store data and historically valuable artefacts, but also as leisure facilities. In addition, the attitude to domestic animals plays a huge role here, as now they are kept at home for pleasure, rather than for work. We can’t but mention the changes in the system of social values: domestic asceticism has been replaced by a convenient and cosy way of life, thus popularizing the images of animals that are associated with it.

Kritik Sosial dalam Lirik Lagu Album Akibat Pergaulan Blues Karya Musisi Jason Ranti

Jason Ranti, in the lyrics of his album entitled The Effects of Blues Association, conveys a lot of criticism and satire on social problems which are considered problems by society depending on the social value system of that society, however there are the same problems faced by society in general, for example the problem of poverty and crime. , family disorganization, the younger generation in modern society, war, violations of societal norms, population, the environment, and bureaucracy. This type of research is qualitative. According to Semi (1993:23), qualitative research is carried out without prioritizing numbers, but prioritizing the depth of appreciation of the interactions between concepts that are being studied empirically. This research using qualitative methods cannot be measured, because its nature emphasizes socially constructed reality. Data from the results of this research found social criticism in the song lyrics in Jason Ranti's album Akun Pergaulan Blues as many as 24 data in the form of several fragments of song lyrics which include 3 types of social criticism, namely (1) social criticism about violations of societal norms (2) social criticism about religious behavior and beliefs (3) social criticism about politics and bureaucracy. It can be concluded that the social criticism contained in the lyrics of the song Album "Results of Promiscuity" by Jason Ranti is social criticism of violations of societal norms, social criticism of religious behavior and beliefs, and social criticism of politics and bureaucracy.

Studying value orientations of adolescent students by the proverbs method

Introduction. Adolescence is characterized by qualitative changes in the value sphere that undergoes transformation into an autonomous and coordinated system. Value orientations of young people mutate faster and adjust to the altering socio-cultural conditions, thus reflecting the general trends of social value system transformation. Therefore it is important not only to study the content of adolescents’ value orientations but also to search for new methodological approaches to their investigation.Materials and Methods. The author's methodology "Value orientations in proverbs and sayings" is used. It is focused on identifying respondents’ inclination towards socially significant or egoistic values. The study was conducted on a sample of students aged 16-19; the total number of respondents was 387 people (146 boys, 241 girls).Results. Value orientations of adolescent students are largely formed and function as an individually configured system. The common vector of the value sphere in both boys and girls is directed to socially significant and socially approved values. This is especially clear with regard to "Study, work" and "Family, relatives" values reflecting the age-specific needs and interests of the surveyed. Still, there are significant differences in value orientations due to the gender of the respondents: young men are more inclined to the common cause values and their close circle (family, friends), whereas individualistic values, as well as those related to the external social and activity circle, are more attractive for girls. As for the general structure of value orientations, the categories "Money, wealth" and "Country, homeland" get mixed assessments.Discussion and Conclusions. We showed the productivity of the proverb method used to explore value orientations of adolescent students. The consistency of the results obtained with the data of psychological and sociological studies indicates that they not only register a certain stage of formation of young people’s value system but also reflect the complexity of value self-determination in modern society.

Transformasi Sosial dan Budaya Melalui Islamisasi di Sumatera Utara

This research examines the social and cultural transformation that occurred in North Sumatra through the process of Islamization. The process of Islamization in this region has been underway since the 13th century, starting with the arrival of traders and scholars from the Middle East and Southeast Asia. This study uses a historical and sociological approach to analyze changes in the social structure, cultural practices, and value systems of North Sumatra society due to the acceptance and spread of Islam. The research results show that Islamization not only changes the religious aspects of society, but also influences patterns of social interaction, government systems, education, and local arts and culture. Significant changes include the establishment of Islamic educational institutions, the application of sharia law in several aspects of life, and the alignment of local traditions with Islamic teachings. This study also highlights the role of religious figures and Islamic institutions in directing this transformation. Thus, the process of Islamization in North Sumatra can be understood as a multifaceted phenomenon involving dynamic interactions between local traditions and Islamic values, resulting in a unique and diverse social and cultural identity. This research provides an important contribution to a deeper understanding of the dynamics of social and cultural change in the context of Islamization in Indonesia.

On declining parental agency and institutionalized forms of parentification: narratives of changing parenthood among refugee families and social workers in collective reception centres

Over recent years, the number of refugee families with children fleeing to Europe has increased. Although reception centres in Europe are not equipped to host families with children, families nevertheless remain for extensive periods in these collective centres, where they lack autonomy, privacy, certainty and often even a sense of security. Drawing on 123 interviews with parents (58), children (38) and social workers (38) in nine collective reception centres in Belgium, we analyse how the Belgian asylum regime impacts refugee parents’ capacity to fulfil parental roles and responsibilities and social workers’ relationships with refugee parents. Our analysis points to a complex combination of declining parental agency yet increasing responsibility on behalf of refugee parents across different parental roles and responsibilities. This in turn leads children to take on what are typically considered ‘adult roles’, raising concerns about parentification among social workers. By introducing the term ‘institutionalized forms of parentification’, we call for a re-politicization of social work with refugee families. Moving away from common approaches to family relationships that focus primarily on the individual or the family system, our findings draw attention to the impact of social spaces, policies and cultural value systems.

Shark Fin City: transitional marine wildlife economies in Global Hong Kong

ABSTRACT Hong Kong has historically been the epicenter of the global shark fin trade. Despite this legacy, recent public outreach campaigns highlighting the effects of consumption on marine ecosystems have precipitated shifts in the market. Fish maw and sea cucumber have emerged as substitutes in wildlife markets, marking an understudied phenomenon from urban geographical perspectives. This article investigates the transitional nature of social value systems underpinning Hong Kong's marine wildlife market through interviews with retailers, conservation organizations, and government officials, as well as visual surveys of market displays. Hong Kong's marine wildlife market, this article contends, brings into sharp relief how transitions in social value systems that substitute one type of non-fungible wildlife commodity for others can amplify biodiversity loss and reproduce expressions of social difference in urban space. The article illuminates how social value systems embedded in urban wildlife markets are related to human health, aging, gifting, and relationship building. Furthermore, it analyzes how the possession, consumption, and display of high-value wildlife commodities in cities reflects classed and gendered forms of social difference. The article further examines the challenges of regulating the market and shaping public values and actions in the face of escalating global biodiversity loss.

A Study on Changing Values of Working Women in Colleges of Imphal East and Imphal West Districts of Manipur from the 1980 to 2020

A Study on Changing Values of Working Women in Colleges of Imphal East and Imphal West Districts of Manipur from the 1980 to 2020

Virtual and Actual Combination of Memory Reflection: Design Enabling Digital Presentation Path of Cultural Heritage Valve

As an open way for people to share information and pass on heritage's value, based on the variety of the main background and value elements, displaying heritage value has changed from a matter of protecting space and form to a more complicated matter of building social value systems. As an open way for people to share information and pass on cultural heritage's value, based on the variety of the main background and value elements, displaying heritage value has changed from a matter of protecting space and form to a more complicated matter of building social value systems. In order to explore the diversified value of heritage and the way to display design empowerment in the digital age, this study selected the world irrigation project heritage of Sangyuanwei as an example based on the theory of cultural memory and explored four value dimensions of the heritage. It is used to associate material ontological features with subjective emotional memory and to extract the memory picture of village buildings, trade fairs, and business markets. And then, through information visualization, it puts forward the value of a virtual and real symbiosis in a digital creative design scheme. Thus, images and scenes are used to strengthen the relationship between heritage materials, characters, and historical events (activities) and to empower the regional cultural inheritance of Sangyuanwei heritage through creative design. Its purpose is to strengthen the sense of group identity and contribute ideas to solve problems for the restoration and protection of Sangyuanwei heritage.

Development of Stylistics and Rhetoric in Lithuania

Every concept has its own history and its own prehistory, without which it is impossible to understand both complex and simple phenomena of life, and this article provides a brief overview of the development of rhetoric and stylistics from antiquity to the present day. It focuses on the formation and development of stylistics and rhetoric in Lithuania. Rhetoric, as one of the most important liberal arts, was still taught in Lithuania in the 16th and 18th centuries, together with dialectics and logic, the most famous works being: “Oratoriaus praktika, arba retorikos meno taisyklės” [The Practice of the Orator, or the Rules of the Art of Rhetoric] by Žygimantas Liauksminas, “Poetika” [ Poetics] by Motiejus Kazimieras Sarbievijus, “Apie taisytinas iškalbos ydas. Apie meną gerai mąstyti, būtiną gebėjimui gerai kalbėti” [On the Correctable Faults in Eloquence. On the Art of Good Thinking Necessary for Good Speaking] by Stanislovas Konarskis, “Apie iškalbą ir poeziją” [On eloquence and Poetry] by Pilypas Nerijus Golianskis and others. In Lithuania, works on stylistics in the national language appeared later, only at the end of the 1910s. The first Lithuanian work on stylistics was written in 1918 by Kazys Bizauskas under the title “Raštijos bei literatūros teorija” [Theory of Writing and Literature]. The second author, Motiejus Gustaitis, called his “Stilistika” [Stylistics] (1923) “a textbook for the theory of literature” in its subtitle. Juozas Ambrazevičius gave a similar title to his work “Literatūros teorija. Poetika” [Literary Theory. Poetics] (1930, second edition in 1936). During the Soviet period, quite a number of writers wrote on stylistic issues, including Kazimieras Župerka, Audronė Bitinienė and Juozas Abaravičius. The most extensive and comprehensive “Lietuvių kalbos stilistika” [Stylistics of the Lithuanian Language] by Juozas Pikčilingis was also prepared at that time. After the restoration of independence, rhetoric thrived. In 1999, Regina Koženiauskienė wrote her fundamental work on rhetoric “Retorika: Iškalbos stilistika” [Rhetoric: The Stylistics of Elocution]; “Juridinė lingvistika” [Legal Linguistics] was published in 2005; and, in 2013, “Rhetorical and Stylistic Analysis of Publication Texts” was released. Referring to the revival of rhetoric, it is necessary to mention Irena Buckley, Professor at Vytautas Magnus University. She is the author of the monographs “Retorikos tradicija XIX amžiaus lietuvių literatūroje” [The Rhetorical Tradition in 19th-Century Lithuanian Literature] (2006) and “L’Eden lituanien et la Babylone française: les contacts culturels franco-lituaniens au XIXe siècle” [Lithuanian Eden and French Babylon: Franco-Lithuanian Cultural Contacts in the 19th Century] (co-author with Marie-France de Palacio, 2012). The first monograph presents a clear conception of rhetoric, applying rhetorical analysis principles to 19th-century Lithuanian literature and updating the tradition of rhetorical culture in Lithuania. Teaching of rhetoric adheres to the classical canon rediscovered during the global revival of rhetoric. However, evident changes are occurring, as everything in the world undergoes reevaluation, from social relations and value systems to language. The established understanding within the rhetoric canon is being disrupted, and new rules and traditions are taking shape. These innovations are noted to initially emerge in the USA, then spread to Europe, eventually reaching Lithuania.

『통합사회』교과에서 행복 교육을 위한 사회학적 접근 전략 탐색

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the conceptualization of “happiness,” a prominent theme in the “Integrated Society” curriculum revised in 2015, from a sociological perspective within textbooks. The primary objective is to identify how happiness is portrayed and structured in these educational materials and to propose potential enhancements.
 Methods Consequently, the study investigates the manner in which discussions on happiness have been executed and how sociological perspectives have been integrated into these discussions. Adopting a sociological standpoint, happiness is viewed as a multifaceted concept embedded in social context. This research explores how social factors, such as the social structure, value system, economic conditions, and political influences, impact individual happiness. The examination of happiness content involves a segmentation into the meaning and standard of happiness, along with the conditions for a happy life, employing the quality of life model found in the five textbooks associated with the “Integrated Society” curriculum.
 Results The analysis outcomes reveal several key findings. Firstly, within the textbooks, the meaning of happiness is predominantly described in the subjective perspective, while the objective perspective is limited to listing and presenting various indices, failing to provide a balanced presentation of the two perspectives of happiness. Secondly, a distinction is made between textbooks that emphasize the social conditions of happiness and those that do not. Textbooks emphasizing social conditions predominantly focus on the objective aspects of societal conditions. In conclusion, both the meaning of happiness and the conditions for a happy life are predominantly framed in terms of pleasure and life satisfaction. However, the study highlights a deficiency in addressing the social systems that support these aspects.
 Conclusions In light of these findings, the study recommends that textbooks incorporate content that comprehensively explores the intricate relationship between society and individual happiness.

Somatic Biotechnologies in the System of Social Values of Modern Russian Society

The paper is devoted to analyzing the impact of somatic biotechnologies on the system of social values of modern society. In the paper «somatic» refers to such technologies that relate to the genetic modification of the human body or its functional systems carried out in various ways. The authors attempt to analyze the main directions of transformation of social institutions of modern Russian society, taking into account advantages and disadvantages of the new technological revolution. Attention is drawn to the risks that biotechnologies pose to society and the state as a whole. The authors substantiate the necessity of participation of the state and various social groups in the development of an optimal strategy reflecting the interests of all stakeholders, based on transparency and trust. The paper indicates that it is necessary to determine the levels of permissible human exposure to various concomitant factors when using biotechnologies. This will require a normative rethinking of the entire concept of human and civil rights and freedoms enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation that includes the right to life, its values, the principles of the inalienable fundamental human rights and freedoms, their belonging to everyone from birth, the right to privacy, the right to personal and family secrets, dignity and good name.It is important at the regulatory level to consolidate the legal regime of genetic data about a person in the system of social values, prohibit discrimination based on genetic uniqueness, and develop requirements for medical organizations using somatic biotechnologies. The resolution of future problems involves a theoretical rethinking and normative regulation of new forms of work that will appear in the future, as well as new types of property. The ideas of motherhood and childhood, as well as families, will require new content, which will affect the most important values of society and demand active involvement of the state.

Kształtowanie wartości duchowych osobowości w warunkach środowiska społeczno-wychowawczego

Aim: Is theoretical substantiation and experimental verification of the ways of formation of spiritual values of a person in specially organized conditions of the social and educational environment. Methods. To solve the goal, the following methods of scientific research were used : theoretical: the analysis of scientific literature to determine the theoretical and methodological foundations of the research and the implementation of the historical and pedagogical analysis of the problem, to study the semantics of the key concepts of the research; empirical: pedagogical observation, questionnaires, interviews, testing, pedagogical experiment (determining and formative) to determine the level of formation of spiritual values of younger schoolchildren, statistical methods for processing the obtained results. Results. We conducted an experiment. The analysis of the data of the experiment convincingly indicates an increase in the level of formation of spiritual values in the experimental group as a result of the purposeful formation of values and their correction in the conditions of the social and educational environment. Indicators of benevolence, altruism, and harmony with the environment are also telling. This shows that students are more responsible for the tasks assigned to them, and value family and friendships more. Conclusion. As a result of practical pedagogical activity, the stages of correction of a person's spiritual values have been identified. The principles of the formation of spiritual values of a person are defined. The analysis of the data of the experiment indicates an increase in the level of formation of spiritual values as a result of the purposeful formation of values and their correction in the conditions of the social and educational environment. Achieving high results in the formation of spiritual values is determined by a high level of psychological culture, competence, and adequacy of the teacher, which makes it possible to create emotional comfort, increase the activity of students, and optimize their communication skills for creative potential. Originality. The concept of human spirituality is defined. Considered spiritual values as the highest achievements of humanity. The classification of the system of social values is disclosed. The main indicators of a person's spirituality are considered. In the course of the experiment, we used personal creative tasks (both diagnostic and corrective), which can unlock the cognitive activity of the individual. Keywords: spiritual values, personality, culture, abilities, creative potential, social environment,educational environment.

МАРКЕТИНГ В ЦИФРОВОМУ МЕТАВСЕСВІТІ

The article presents the results of studying the processes of using marketing tools in the space of the digital Metauniverse. This topic is relevant, very interesting for modern economic science, but practically has not been researched yet. Marketing in the space of the Metaverse is developing and improving, adapting to new technological innovations. The results of the study consist in the presentation of the main material, methods and techniques of applying marketing tools in the modern space of the Metauniverse. The scientific novelty and originality of the material of the article lies in the fact that the article describes practically unstudied ways and techniques of using marketing tools in the space of the digital Metauniverse. In research, the Metaverse is presented as the successor to the Internet. This is perceived as a new approach, where social norms and value systems of society can be changed, freed from cultural and economic obstacles for the further development of humanity. That is, a person wants to create a virtual world with the same values as in the real world. No one knows when exactly this will happen, but it all looks very promising. More and more industry players are pouring millions and millions of dollars into promising Metaverses, but only time will tell which will ultimately take off and take over. And in the near future. Already in 2022, such large companies as Facebook, Microsoft and Epic are busy creating Metaverses, and Walt Disney is already digitalizing its parks for online recreation. With the involvement of big players with a perspective of 2–3 years, you can see large multi-million living virtual worlds. Already now there are the first game platforms that allow their users to create their own virtual worlds and invite their friends there to carry out various activities. Banking giants are betting on a global growth of $13 trillion in meta universes by 2030. According to experts, the total number of Metaverse users will reach five billion by that time. Source: Citibank. Modern opportunities of the global cyberspace of the Internet provide virtual marketing with new, previously unthinkable opportunities: "presence effect" and transparency of the information environment for the client, implementation of a new type of perception of the information world as a virtual reality; hypertext organization of information presentation, close to the associative connection of elements of the world; information saturation according to the "multimedia" principle; opportunities for the client to be an active provider of information about their needs for virtual marketing.

Organizing Sustainably: Introduction to the Special Issue

To confront the climate crisis requires fundamental system change in order to break the convention of relentless economic exploitation of nature. In this Special Issue we extend understanding of the opportunities for an organizing perspective on sustainability in order that organization studies might contribute more effectively to the challenges of organizing sustainably. This organizing perspective is particularly sensitive to (1) a variety of forms and practices of sustainable organizing in different societal spheres and on different levels, (2) the social institutions, logics and value systems in which these forms and practices are embedded, (3) the power and politics of promoting (or blocking) sustainable organization, and (4) the ways in which work, voice, participation, and inclusion are organized and contribute to developing societal capabilities. These features formed the basis of our original call for papers and we review selected literature on sustainability, including the contribution of organization studies and the articles in this Special Issue, through this organizing perspective. In so doing we identify four key themes of a future research agenda that builds from the foundations of existing research and addresses key current limitations in both theory and practice: sustainability requires social justice; connecting local and global scale shifts; democratizing governance; and acting collectively. We conclude with some implications for our own scholarship in organization studies if we are to meet the twin challenges of the need for new theorizing in combination with devising practically relevant support for change.

ETHICS AND RESPONSIBILITY OF A SOCIOLOGIST IN THE CONTEXT OF CONTRADICTION OF VALUE POSITIONS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF ATTITUDE TOWARDS SPECIAL MILITARY OPERATION)

Issues are raised about how a sociologist can remain a scientist in conditions of contradiction between social and professional value systems. For example, the situation of the beginning of a special military operation in Ukraine is taken, which can serve as a marker of sociologists’ attitude to the events taking place. It is assumed that a sociologist, being a researcher of social processes, should study and interpret the results, trying to be objective in relation to the object of study. However, how is this possible? After all, in addition to the role of a professional, everyone has their own personal position (political position), is a member of a particular community and can represent its interests. In political statements, any sociologist is not in the field of science, but in politics. However, in science, every researcher must curb "social passions" as much as possible, not violate scientific ethics proper, not destroy science itself, thus, we are talking about compliance with the principles of classical epistemology. It is difficult to find a universal principle for solving this contradiction, given the recent increase of subjectivity in scientific knowledge, but it is possible if scientific rules are observed: to present not only the result, but also the method, procedure for obtaining a scientific result; to formulate conclusions so that they can be verified. The sociologist's responsibility is, first of all, to control the influence of his/her own value position on the analysis of social reality.

The concept of war of the Russian Federation. Military instruments in the Russian power policy in 2014

The “Russian world” concept is constantly employed in political and media discourse. Despite its active use, no single comprehensive definition exists in scientific literature. In this study, a brief version of the “Russian world” term conceptualization was presented, including two categorical series of semantic formations (social groups and value systems) and three axiological conceptual functions of the “Russian world”. In addition, newly formed narratives in connection with the Russian-Ukrainian war encountered only within the framework of Ukrainian discourse were identified. As research material, Russian and Ukrainian-language texts from the Ukrainian media reflecting the consequences of Russia’s military actions on the territory of Ukraine through the prism of the “Russian world” concept were adopted. The work was conducted applying semantic analysis, contextual analysis, and the substitution method.

The “Russian World” concept in the Ukrainian media discourse: some of the key narratives

The “Russian world” concept is constantly employed in political and media discourse. Despite its active use, no single comprehensive definition exists in scientific literature. In this study, a brief version of the “Russian world” term conceptualization was presented, including two categorical series of semantic formations (social groups and value systems) and three axiological conceptual functions of the “Russian world”. In addition, newly formed narratives in connection with the Russian-Ukrainian war encountered only within the framework of Ukrainian discourse were identified. As research material, Russian and Ukrainian-language texts from the Ukrainian media reflecting the consequences of Russia’s military actions on the territory of Ukraine through the prism of the “Russian world” concept were adopted. The work was conducted applying semantic analysis, contextual analysis, and the substitution method.

Re-Evaluation of the Barbarian and the Primitive in the (Pre) Avant-Garde

The heteroimage of the Southeast European semiperiphery was subjected for centuries to geopolitical stereotypes of the Slav, either as a noble savage, as in the works of Fortis and Herder in the 18th and 19th centuries, or as a political “powder keg”, as a Balkan barbarian in more recent perspective. In such a geopolitical imaginary, the Balkans were perceived (described) primarily negatively, representing not only an Oriental Other, but above all a European semi-Other, a barbaric and primitive “Other within” (Todorova). The image of the “noble savage” in the exotic vision, which sets the world in binary oppositions, is used and reinterpreted by the artists of the (pre) Avant-Garde. The movement's inherent impulse to resist and re-evaluate traditional aesthetics, history and institutions, as well as to transgressively redefine both the instances of authorship and the criteria for creating and evaluating artworks, is evident in the way barbarism and primitivism are used as counterparts to the bourgeois normative value system. Their artistic texts and performances have an inherent orientation towards the primitive and the barbaric, which are traditionally presented in opposition to Western culture and civilisation, i.e. the politics of globalisation. At the level of artistic transgression, this transposed “otherness” is treated as a dialogical opponent, an object of fascination and identification, and a site of appropriation of time. This article deals with the way the primitive and the barbaric were treated in the Yugoslav avant-garde, either in some collective undertakings (Zenitism, Surrealism) or in individual creations (Ujević, Krleža). This topic will be addressed in three steps: 1. in the context of reflections on literature as a response to geopolitical prejudices (stereotypes); more specifically, in the concepts of the centre (especially Eurocentrism), civilisation and primitivism; 2. in a consideration of the use of primitivism, barbarism and bohemianism as expressions of aesthetic and public (political) resistance to regulated social practises and value systems; 3. an interpretation of these phenomena in the context of either imaginary or actual literary and social transformations.

Influence of the Nuestra Señora de Morcá sanctuary on the social and religious attitude of young people

The study's objective was to determine the influence of the Nuestra Señora de Morcá Sanctuary on young people's social and religious attitudes in an educational institution in Colombia. Methodologically, the research was developed under the hypothetical-deductive method, descriptive and correlational, with a non-experimental design. A survey was administered to 26 high school students between 15 and 18 years of age. The results showed that both the social attitude and the religious attitude of the young students are associated with an index in Pearson's Alpha coefficient of 0.808, given what the religious representation of Our Lady of Morcá symbolizes. It is concluded that the system of social values that the study students manage is closely linked to the effects generated by their religious and cultural roots, which have surely been transferred from generation to generation.