Social Restrictions Policy Research Articles

PENDAMPINGAN KEMITRAAN UMKM GO DIGITAL BAGI NEW ENTREPRENEUR MAKE-UP ARTIST DI DESA WAY HUI

MSMEs go digital is a government program as an effort to save MSMEs during the Covid-19 pandemic. This program is an effort to market MSME products through digital platforms, one of which is through social media. The increase in social media users from year to year plus the pandemic period increasingly encourages a drastic increase, this is what provides opportunities for MSME actors. The Make-Up Artist (MUA) is one of those affected by the social restriction policy during the pandemic, but this business is very promising among millennials and generation Z. For this reason, this service activity is carried out as a means of mentoring and empowering young entrepreneurs pioneering ( new entrepreneur) in achieving optimal promotions digitally, providing convenience, cost efficiency, and being able to reach consumers. Furthermore, this activity also helps new entrepreneurs in determining digital personal branding. The results of this activity are participants' understanding of the promotion of MUA's products and services through social media, personal branding and marketing development through Instagram promotions and also to build a network of groups or associations of young Make-Up Artist entrepreneurs.

Considering the temporal interdependence of human mobility and COVID-19 concerning Indonesia's large-scale social distancing policies.

The year 2020 has marked the beginning of a new life in which humans must struggle and adapt to coexist with a new coronavirus, known as COVID-19. Population density is one of the most significant factors affecting the speed of COVID-19’s spread, and it is closely related to human activity and movement. Therefore, many countries have implemented policies that restrict human movement to reduce the risk of transmission. This study aims to identify the temporal dependence between human mobility and virus transmission, indicated by the number of active cases, in the context of large-scale social restriction policies implemented by the Indonesian government. This analysis helps identify which government policies can significantly reduce the number of active COVID-19 cases in Indonesia. We conducted a temporal interdependency analysis using a time-varying Gaussian copula, where the parameter fluctuates throughout the observation. We use the percentage change in human mobility data and the number of active COVID-19 cases in Indonesia from March 28, 2020, to July 9, 2021. The results show that human mobility in public areas significantly influenced the number of active COVID-19 cases. Moreover, the temporal interdependencies between the two variables behaved differently according to the implementation period of large-scale social distancing policies. Among the five types of policies implemented in Indonesia, the policy that had the most significant influence on the number of active COVID-19 cases was several restrictions during the Implementation of Restrictions on Community Activities (Pelaksanaan Pembatasan Kegiatan Masyarakat/PPKM) period. We conclude that the strictness of rules restricting social activities generally affected the number of active COVID-19 cases, especially in the early days of the pandemic. Finally, the government can implement policies that are at least equivalent to the rules in PPKM if, in the future, cases of COVID-19 spike again.

Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak on Women Quality of Life in Indonesia

The COVID-19 outbreak and its designated policy conveyed unprecedented impacts on the life of women. This study aims to assess women’s quality of life (QOL) during the pandemic. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Java and Sulawesi, as both sites implemented the large-scale social restriction policy. The Indonesian version of the WHO Quality of Life Instrument, Short Form (WHOQOL-BREF) was used to collect the QOL data. The whole questionnaire was self-administered online by 191 women using Google Form. Descriptive analysis and Mann-Whitney test were carried out to analyze the data in statistical software. Overall, women who were involved in this study conveyed a relatively moderate quality of life (4.08 + 0.76 SD). The highest and lowest mean scores of QOL were observed in the social relationship (78.3 + 17.05 SD) and physical health domain (60.8 + 10.76SD). Family monthly income and type of family were significantly associated with environmental health (p0.05). Astoundingly, during the outbreak women described high satisfaction on social relationship. These results may advocate policy in regards to women’s welfare.

PERILAKU KONSUMEN KOPI DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 (Suatu Kasus Pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran)

Students are among those who like to consume coffee in gatherings in coffee shops, but this has been hampered since the Covid-19 pandemic was due to the implementation of the Large-Scale Social Restrictions policy which prohibits gathering activities to prevent the spread of the virus. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not there was a change in student behavior in consuming coffee during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study uses a quantitative descriptive design with a survey method. The research was conducted on students of the Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University. The analytical method used is descriptive statistics with diagrams, frequency distribution tables, box plots, and cross tabulations. The results showed a change in student behavior in consuming coffee during the Covid-19 pandemic. There is an increase in the frequency of respondents in the number of sources of information obtained, the number of places to buy coffee products visited, and the frequency in consuming coffee among students. There is a decrease in the frequency of respondents in the types of coffee products consumed, the amount of coffee consumed, and the level of satisfaction with coffee products among students. There is no change in the amount of fees paid by students for coffee products in one week.

Factors Influencing Nutritional Status on Pregnant Women during COVID-19 Pandemic

Background: Based on Riskesdas in 2013, it was found that the pregnant women aged 15-49 years who experienced CED (Chronic Energy Deficiency) in Indonesia was 24.2% and in Bali was 10.1%. During Covid-19 pandemic, the emergency response status and Large-Scale Social Restriction policy will have a significant impact in completing nutrition for pregnant women directly or indirectly. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors influencing nutritional status on pregnant women during Covid-19 pandemic. Method: This research employed analytical design with cross sectional approach. The data were collected by using non probability sampling technique. There were 35 respondents. The instrument for collecting data was questionnaire. Findings: The result of the research showed that 94.3% of pregnant women did not experience Chronic Energy Deficiency. There was significant correlation between education and nutritional status on pregnant women (p=0.014), income and nutritional status (p=0.047), Knowledge and nutritional status (p=0.017), family support and nutritional status (p=0.025), and social culture and nutritional status (p=0.017). Conclusion: There is significant correlation between education, income, knowledge, family support and nutritional status on pregnant women.

KETAHANAN EKONOMI DAN DAYA LENTING IBU RUMAH TANGGA DI KAMPUNG KUE SURABAYA PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID 19

This article examines the economic resilience of families and the resilience of housewives during the covid 19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has shaken the economy of housewives in the cake village where the majority of their jobs are cake makers and sellers. The existence of a large-scale social restriction policy (PSBB) caused the turnover of cake sales to decline. The type of method used in this research is qualitative with a narrative approach. Data were obtained through observation and in-depth interviews with housewives who were involved in the production process (cake makers) and cake distribution (cake sellers). This study uses the theory of rational choice expressed by James Coleman. The results of this study indicate that the economic resilience of the family of housewives in the kue village was shaken due to the covid 19 pandemic. Housewives in the cake village only relied on the sales of cakes so that the family's economic resilience was increasingly vulnerable during the covid 19 pandemic. The resilience carried out by mothers households in the cake village during the covid 19 pandemic are (1) selling pastries so that the cake has a long expiration date; (2) relying on social media in marketing their products; (3) tighten belts or be frugal; (4) ask for help to their nearest social network.Keywords: Economic Resilience, Resilience, Kampung Kue, Covid 19 Pandemic

Indonesian Capital Market Reaction to Jakarta’s Large Scale Social Restrictions

This study aims to analyze the Indonesian capital market reaction to the Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) policy in Jakarta in 2020. The findings from this study can be used as a policy evaluation and as a reference to assess similar future policies to be implemented in Jakarta. Four event periods were used based on the number of times this policy was implemented in 2020. Using the event study approach and single index model method, this study used 568 companies listed on the IDX which are then divided into nine sectors. The results of this study showed that the Indonesian capital market reacted in different ways following the four periods of PSBB implementation in Jakarta. It was proven that there was no capital market reaction during the first period, a negative reaction for the second period, a positive reaction for the third period, and finally a negative reaction again for the fourth period

Komensalitas dalam Batas: Modifikasi Aktivitas Makan Bersama di Masa Pandemi Covid-19

Commensality is the practice of people eating together and interact each other with their peer group to build social integration. Any restriction to carry out the practice of commensality can cause various problems stemming from the lack of a sense of relatedness and communal solidarity among the group members. The social restriction since Covid-19 pandemic has changed people’s lives arrangement, including limiting the use of public spaces and all traditional activities involving commensality. This study examines the implications of social restriction policy on the practice of commensality in Banyuwangi and forms of adjustment and adaptation applied by the community in response to the policy. The study applied qualitative descriptive method. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with sixteen informants. The results of the study suggests three forms of adjustment dan adaptation applied by the community who practice commensality during social restriction, such as engaging in a new hobbies related to commensality, using a digital technology to improve the experience of commensality, and negotiation some ways in order to keep practicing the commensality.

Strategy Building for Dealing with COVID-19 in Urban Transportation Development in Jakarta

One of the impacts affected by the existence of the Large Scale Social Restriction Policy in Jakarta is the urban transportation sector, according to data from ppid.Transjakarta, which states that there has been a decrease in Transjakarta and Jaklingko 2020 users by 33.8% of the data on the number of Transjakarta and Jaklingko users in Jakarta in 2019 for the period of March –July. However, the dependence of urban communities on public transportation in carrying out their activities during the COVID-19 pandemic has the potential for the spread of COVID-19 cases. This article aims to develop a strategy for urban transportation development in the COVID-19 era in Jakarta. Input this research results on internal and external factors in the form of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in the development of transportation for the COVID-19 era in Jakarta is based on interviews with key stakeholders using the content analysis method and the second stage is in formulating the right strategy using SWOT analysis. The research results show that six alternative strategies can be applied in the development strategy of urban transportation in the COVID-19 era in Jakarta.

Predicting Financial Distress on Transportation Company Before and Under Pandemic Covid-19 in Indonesia

Covid-19 pandemic that hit Indonesia had an impact on various lines, including the transportation sector. The social restriction policy as an effort to break the chain of virus spread has the effect of decreasing the ability of transportation companies to maintain their sales. This study aims to determine the tendency of financial distress on transportation companies before and during Covid-19 pandemic. The population in this study are transportation companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sampling method used in this research is purposive sampling. With the selected company criterias are people transportation company and the transportation companies have all the data needed in this research. There are 7 transportation companies with quarterly financial report data for 2019-2021. The total data used in this study were each 35 datas before and 35 datas during Covid-19 pandemic. The research method used is Cox Stuart Analysis for Trends to find out trends in the financial distress value. From the research conducted, the results show that 69% of the data shows that companies experienced financial distress before Covid-19 pandemic to 83% experienced financial distress during Covid-19 pandemic, while companies that did not experience financial distress experienced a decrease from 26% before Covid-19 pandemic to 14% during Covid-19 pandemic. The results of the Cox Stuart test show that there is a tendency to decrease the value of altman z-score that indicate an increase in financial distress from 7 transportation companies listed on the IDX before and during Covid-19 pandemic.

URGENSI DITERBITKANNYA INSTRUKSI MENTERI DALAM NEGERI DAN SEJUMLAH PERATURAN LAINNYA DI DAERAH TERKAIT DENGAN PEMBERLAKUAN PEMBATASAN KEGIATAN MASYARAKAT (PPKM)

Regulation of Government No. 21 of 2020 confirms in the consideration that the Large-Scale Social Restriction (PSBB) policy is set taking into account the spread of Covid-19 with the number of cases and/or the number of deaths increasing and spreading across regions and across countries. After the policy related to PSBB, the government again issued a Ministerial Instruction concerning the Enforcement of Restrictions on Community Activities (PPKM) which was issued four times and not only that in a number of regions, PPKM policies were also implemented based on various regional policies in the form of circulars. Thus, the question arises: What is the urgency of the issuance of the Instruction of the Minister of Home Affairs and a number of other regulations related to the Enforcement of Restrictions on Community Activities (PPKM) and what are the legal implications of the issuance of the Instruction of the Minister of Home Affairs and a number of other regulations related to the Enforcement of Restrictions on Community Activities (PPKM). To answer this question, the author uses a normative juridical approach by reviewing a number of related regulations and a number of literatures so that it can be concluded that the instructions of the Minister of Home Affairs and a number of other regulations related to the Enforcement of Restrictions on Community Activities (PPKM) are fully arrenged under the authority of the government. The government can assess whether a policy regulation needs to be issued or not especially related to the condition of the country in a disaster situation and the issuance of instructions from the minister of home affairs and a number of other regulations related to the Implementation of Restrictions on Community Activities (PPKM) does not violate the provisions of any law as long as it is carried out not outside the authority of the governments which has the authority and the implication is only an appeal for the community to comply with its implementationKeywords: Instruction of Minister, PPKM, regulation

The Effect Of Perceived Risk, Financial Knowledge And Government Support On User Interest With Perceived Usefulness As An Intervening Variable: Study On E-Wallet Users In Sulawesi

Indonesia's economic growth still has a significant impact during the COVID-19 pandemic. Various efforts have been made by the government to prevent the spread of the virus by implementing the Large-Scale Social Restriction (PSBB) policy to the Enforcement of Community Activity Restrictions (PPKM). This is implemented to avoid crowds and all activities can only be done at home (work from home), including satisfy consumptive needs. During the pandemic, there is the right choice to transact only from home or where we are currently, namely the use of digital e-wallet payments. This study aims to analyze the effect of perceived risk, financial knowledge and government support on user’s interest of e-wallet with perceived usefulness as an intervening variable in Sulawesi Island. Data was collected through a questionnaire or google form and then analyzed using the Smart-PLS 3.0 software. The sample is 384 e-wallet users who are in the Sulawesi Island with the criteria that they have used e-wallet since March 2019 until now. The results of the study prove that of the seven direct relationships there is only one relationship does not have a significant effect, namely government support does not effects e-wallet user’s interest. While the other three indirect relationships proved to have a significant effect

Organizational Performance: A Survey on the Culinary Sector Business During the Economic Recovery Period

This study aims to measure the extent to which the company's performance during the post-covid recovery period. This study involved business owners in the food and beverage sector in Gorontalo as respondents, because this sector was quite affected by the social restriction policy in order to break the chain of virus spread. The research method used is a quantitative method. The research data was collected using a questionnaire containing 30 questions about the condition of the company when the restriction policy was implemented and about the condition of the company after the recovery. The results showed that as long as the restrictions were applied, the company had difficulty serving customers. Due to limited operational time and decreased number of visits. Respondents admitted that at the beginning of the implementation of the restrictions, the company's revenue had experienced a contraction. However, entering the recovery period, the company's condition began to improve. Statistical analysis also proves that the company's performance is influenced by the implementation of social restriction policies. The results of the study concluded that the implementation of the PSBB policy had a significant effect on business performance in the food and beverage sector in Gorontalo. The effect given by the implementation of PSBB on company performance is 39.1%.

COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND DISTANCE LEARNING

The COVID-19 pandemic is for the first time in 2020 in Wuhan Province, China. It later spread to other countries in the world. In early April, the school in 194 countries, from pre-school to higher education, is closed. Approximately 1.5 billion students are affected by this situation, and therefore their status as full-time students have ceased. All countries with the COVID-19 pandemic aimed to provide continuing education without break. Traditional educational techniques are significantly disrupted by social alienation and restriction policies. Many scientists have shared their work on teaching and learning in different ways after the outbreak of COVID-19. There is face-to-face teaching abolished in many schools, colleges, and universities. Our state of Montenegro, following the example other countries in the world, introduced distance learning. The purpose of this research is to: (1) Application of learning and teaching activities with the help of communication technologies in mathematics teaching. (2) Determine the efficiency of distance learning mathematics. (3) Students’ reaction and observation before and after the application of distance learning. (4) Support and implementation of recommendations by the Ministry of Education.

STOCK REACTIONS AND ABNORMAL STOCK RETURNS IN THE PROPERTY SECTOR LISTED ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE DUE TO THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The COVID-19 outbreak has severely affected equity markets and most stock index around the world. Indonesia is no exception, the social restriction policy (PSBB) imposed by the government caused the IHSG to be corrected negatively. One of the sectors that was severely affected at the beginning of the pandemic was the property sector. This study aims to see the reaction of property sector stocks due to the Covid-19 incident and abnormal returns that occurred during the early days of the Covid-19 pandemic. The research sample is 51 property sector companies listed on the IDX. By using multivariate regression, it was found that the announcement of the first time an Indonesian citizen had contracted Covid-19 was still responded positively by stock returns in the property sector. Meanwhile, the announcement of the restriction policy (PSBB) for the first time in Jakarta encountered a negative response by stock returns in the property sector. The abnormal return model shows that company size, cash/TA, leverage, BVPS, and market to book value altogether significantly affect the cumulative abnormal return of property sector stocks, with a contribution of 18.07%. While partially only the size of the company that significantly affects the cumulative abnormal return of the property sector. Therefore, the larger the size of the company, the greater the abnormal return.
 
 Keywords: Covid-19 Stock Reaction, Abnormal Returns, Multivariate Regression

Implementasi VPN Menggunakan Metode Point to Point Tunneling Protocol

The XYZ office is a government agency covering various fields, ranging from government, economy, development, people's welfare, community life development and public service affairs. However, work activities in agencies were disrupted due to the COVID-19 pandemic which caused the government to impose a Large-Scale Social Restriction (PSBB) policy to suppress the spread of this virus, resulting in agency workers having to work from home. Therefore we need an appropriate means to be able to support these activities. One of them is making a technology design by implementing a VPN on a proxy router with the PPTP (Point to Point Tunnelling Protocol) method so that it can make it easier for employees to communicate without thinking about location. In addition, users can still remotely access the local network even though they are outside the office network. more secure. Based on the results of testing the network security at the XYZ Office before using the VPN Server, it proved that the wiretapping attackers could still obtain data in the form of website login information, proxy logins, or view data contents when exchanging data. Meanwhile, when the user connects to the VPN Server, the eavesdropper cannot see the contents of the data in it, then with the implementation of a VPN with the PPTP method, employees who are working from home can connect and communicate well with each other, with that work and information exchange will become more flexible and faster

The Effectiveness of Legal Policies on Micro and Small Business Empowerment in Pandemic Time

Introduction: MSMEs made a significant contribution to the Indonesian economy at the beginning of 2018. However, since COVID-19 has become a global pandemic, micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) have been heavily impacted, due to a series of social restriction policies enacted by the government. In order to resolve issues, the government must assist and empower the MSME sector so that it can survive the pandemic. However, not many studies have been carried out regarding the extent to which empowerment policies by local governments have been effective in the field. Purposes of the Research: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the legal policies in empowering the micro and small enterprises (MSEs) during the pandemic based on the case of Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi.Methods of the Research: This is an empirical normative legal research that uses primary and secondary data with descriptive and qualitative analysis.Results of the Research: The results show that the empowerment policy in South Sulawesi has been regulated in Provincial Regulation Number 7 of 2019 concerning Cooperatives and Small Enterprises, where there are ten forms of facilitating MSE empowerment. Even though it has established the Cooperatives and MSMEs Office, the Gowa Regency Government does not yet issue spesific regulations on the empowerment of MSEs. Based on field data analysis, it was found that several forms of empowerment facilitation had been received by the respondents but were not evenly distributed. Empowerment received mostly focused on capital facilitation, while ignoring other form of facilitations. Thus, the existing policies have not been implemented effectively. This is influenced by several factors such as legal substance that do not provide legal certainty; legal structure factors, including the lack of apparatus and supporting facilities; and cultural factors, such as pragmatic behavior and low awareness of MSE actors.

Turning Vulnerability into Resilience during Covid-19: Investigating Indonesian MSMEs Business Resilience Drivers

The Covid-19 pandemic that has spread since the beginning of 2020 is considered a "Black Swan" event because it appears unexpectedly, is difficult to predict and occurs not within the normal expected range and has a very extreme impact. The Covid-19 pandemic brought people to enter an era full of turbulence called VUCA, or stands for "volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous". The implementation of social mobility restriction policies to overcome the rate of viral infections led the community to enter a prolonged health, social and economic crisis. One of the worst affected sectors is MSME.In Indonesia alone, MSMEs have a significant role in the economy because they contribute 61.07% of GDP and absorb 97% of the total workforce (Kementerian Kordinator Bidang Perekonomian Republik Indonesia, 2021). However, the MSME Performance survey during the COVID-19 pandemic showed that during the pandemic, 94.69% of businesses experienced a decrease in sales, and 85.42% of MSME respondents also stated that their business was likely to last only one year since the pandemic took place (Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, 2020). The results showed that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are particularly vulnerable to failure in continuous shifts and unpredictable events (Pal et al., 2014), like Covid-19. SMEs are also the most affected in times of crisis and the least prepared of all organizations. Furthermore, the study of How SMEs prepare and respond to emergencies is still not much explored (Sullivan-Taylor & Branicki, 2011). Keywords: MSME Business Resilience, Covid-19, Cost of Technology Adoption, Technology Perceived Usefulness, Government Support

The impact of gadget use for medical education during covid-19 pandemic on neck pain, neck disability, and sleep quality among medical students in Indonesia

During the COVID-19 pandemic, nation-wide social restriction policy is implemented to prevent virus spread. Medical students are relying on gadget and internet-based services for online learning. Prolonged use of gadget is related to various medical condition. This study aims to determine correlation between duration of gadget use and their relationship to neck pain, neck disability, and sleep quality among medical student<em>. </em>This was a cross-sectional study conducted using Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NRS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in online form. Sample was selected with simple random sampling from the population of medical student of Universitas Sebelas Maret, entrance year of 2017-2020. <em>Results: </em>A total of 271 students were included in this study. Statistically significant correlation between duration of gadget uses and neck pain (p=0,014); neck disability (0.471,p=0.042); and sleep quality (0.571,p=0.023). Duration of gadget use increased the incidence of neck pain by 3.028 times (95% CI 2.272-4.327,p=0.037); incidence of neck disability by 2.144 times (95% CI 1.174-3.461,p=0.015); and decreased sleep quality by 2.384 times (95% CI 1.107-3.661,p=0.007). Duration of gadget use increased the incidence of neck pain, neck disability, and decreased sleep quality of medical student. Awareness of the importance of proper ergonomics while using gadget for medical education during COVID-19 pandemic should be raised among students, lecturers, and healthcare professional.

PELATIHAN MANAJEMEN DIRI DAN LITERASI KEUANGAN PADA ANGGOTA CREDIT UNION

COVID-19 pandemic affects every aspect of human life, including economic aspect. The government urged the implementation of social restriction policy, and as consequences, public activities are limited. According to Credit Union’s board members, there is an increase of loans rate since the social restriction begin. It is inevitable since essential needs are increasing and at the same time the financial conditions are unstable. All of the members in Credit Union Pangudi Luhur Kasih Semarang need to manage their financial issues properly regardless of their age especially in this pandemic time. Thus, this community service program aims to give better understandings to the members about the importance of self-management and financial literation by webinar. Webinar was divided into three sections according to the audiences characteristics, members who had already married (n=100), close to pension age (n=334), and young member or singles (n=169). Based on the analyses, there is significant differences between pre-test and post-test score after conducting the webinar.