Social Relations Research Articles

Environmental and social performance relationships to firm efficiency: Evidence from the semiconductor industry

Environmental and social performance relationships to firm efficiency: Evidence from the semiconductor industry

Biological, Psychological, Social, and Spiritual Domains of Teachers in a Philippine University

Countries worldwide have experienced an unprecedented event that changed the educational systems and suddenly forced our teachers to adopt online classes. This greatly affected our teacher's mental health. This study aimed to determine the harmony of the biological, psychological, social, and spiritual domains and also looked into the challenges encountered among university teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings served as bases for the intervention plan. The data were treated using frequency, rank, simple percentage, mean, standard deviation, rank, Chi-square test of independence, and ANOVA. Results showed teachers have poor health habits in the physical domain. In the area of the psychological domain, it showed that teachers experienced severe depression. Results of the spiritual domain suggest that teachers lack spiritual enrichment. In addition, the teachers in the social domain have warm relationships. The biological domain of teachers reveals a meaningful relationship with gender. Also, teachers' civil status is related to the social domain. Results also show that teachers can cope with resourcefulness, adjusting one's mindset and patience. Results show that teachers have biological conditions, severe psychological depression, warm social relationships with people around them, and less spiritual life after the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, it is recommended that an intervention plan be implemented, monitored, and evaluated to improve their living conditions while doing their job as facilitators of learning.

Instrumental and legal nature of early release on parole from serving a sentence

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the content of early release on parole as a comprehensive criminal law remedy. It is stated that the functional purpose of conditional early release on parole from serving a sentence is to achieve the goals necessary for society. From the point of view of the instrumental theory of law, it is determined that early release on parole from serving a sentence constitutes a specific system of criminal law means by which the goals of criminal law regulation are achieved. According to the information and psychological orientation, such legal means are divided into stimulating and restrictive. It is found that legal facts, subjective rights, legitimate interests, benefits and incentives are the forms of manifestation of legal means-incentives. It is substantiated that legal incentives, directly orienting an individual to achieve beneficial consequences for him/her, are the most powerful incentive factor, and their application in the case of early release on parole from serving a sentence may be associated with both ordinary lawful behavior which does not exceed the general requirements and excessive performance of duties by a convicted person and is expressed in the form of elimination of restrictions determined by the criminal sentence applicable to a convicted person. The article emphasizes that legal remedies-restrictions are associated with unfavorable conditions for realization of interests of subjects, are focused on negative legal motivation and reduction of negative activity of subjects of law, and their forms of manifestation are legal facts, prohibitions, suspensions, legal obligations, penalties, etc. A legal restriction on early release on parole from serving a sentence is a prohibition in the form of a passive legal obligation of a convicted person not to commit any new criminal offense during the unexpired part of the previously imposed sentence. It is generalized that legal means-incentives and legal means-restrictions should be considered in an inseparable interrelation, since they are paired legal categories, i.e., internally dialectically interrelated and mutually supporting each other in the process of criminal law regulation. Thus, the author concludes that the instrumental and legal nature of early release on parole from serving a sentence as a complex criminal law tool is dialectically complex, since it combines directly opposite and at the same time internally unified criminal law means of influencing social relations.

Application of criminal law measures as a legal institution

The article highlights the issues of application of criminal law measures as an independent regulatory and legal institution which has a cross-sectoral nature. This institute is complex, since it includes two sub-institutes – criminal law and criminal procedure, and is characterized by its subject matter and method of legal regulation, and is intended to regulate social relations which arose in connection with the introduction in Ukraine of the institute of quasi-criminal liability of legal entities for the fulfillment of Ukraine’s international obligations. The author suggests that a regulatory legal institution should be set out in a standardized manner in various legal acts. Unlike the criminal law sub-institution of application of criminal law measures, criminal procedural rules are «scattered» throughout the text of the Code of Criminal Procedure of Ukraine, which impedes the effective application of the relevant rules. The analysis of the few verdicts that have imposed criminal legal measures on legal entities indicates that, given both the normative shortcomings in the presentation of criminal procedural rules of the institution of application of criminal legal measures and the actual lack of training of interested parties (investigators, prosecutors, judges, lawyers) in specialized educational institutions, this leads to shortcomings in law enforcement and the actual ineffectiveness of the institution as a whole. The author finds that when applying criminal law measures to a legal entity, courts made the following mistakes: they did so independently, without following the procedure for initiating proceedings against a legal entity regulated by criminal procedure legislation; in criminal proceedings against an individual, they approved a plea agreement with a criminal law measure against a legal entity when it was prohibited to do so. The author proposes to conduct specialized training on criminal law and criminal procedural features of quasi-criminal liability of legal entities in Ukraine for investigators, prosecutors, attorneys and judges.

Role of maternal imago transformation in psychotherapeutic process

In modern psychology, the topic of human attachments is part of the issue of social relations between people, their regulation in the field of education, upbringing, and psychotherapy. The formation of attachment types is rooted in family communication systems characterized by family rules, personal boundaries, and direct communication. Individual and family psychotherapy offers many effective tools for developing family systems and compensating for the negative effects of their influence on the individual. The family system allows each family member to consolidate the foundations of narcissistic identity, as well as become a subject of their own history and a social subject. Each child is born mentally in the heart of an existing family psychic apparatus, which is supported by a socio-cultural matrix. Culture contains and maintains the syncretic background of the psyche and supports the process of psychic structuring. Interactions and affective exchange have psychic consequences, and the emergence of representations demonstrates the role of caregivers. Psychoanalytic theory is based on the basic premise that the representation of an object arises from the reactivation of traces of pleasure associated with the experience of need satisfaction that unites infants and their mothers. An exceptional place in the inner life of a person is occupied by the unconscious image of the mother, the maternal imago, the change of which entails a transformation of attitudes towards the world, society, people and oneself, which has led to the relevance of this research topic. The object of study of the article is the maternal imago. The subject of the study is the process of transformation of the maternal imago in psychoanalytic work. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the possibility of changing the maternal imago in the process of psychoanalytic work and the reflection of these changes on the client’s attitude towards himself and others.

Social Exchanges in Family Businesses: A Review and Future Research Agenda

Different social exchange relationships among family members and between family and non-family stakeholders influence individual, group, and family-firm outcomes. Although many studies provide insights into social exchange relationships in family businesses, these studies are scattered across multiple literatures. Using the lens of social exchange theory, we review and organize 74 such studies. After discussing what is known and what gaps remain, we juxtapose our review with new theorizing about social exchanges to elicit research opportunities for family business research and for leveraging the family business context to “give back” to social exchange theory.

Predictive effect of insomnia on quality of life in last trimester pregnant women: A cross-sectional study.

This study was conducted to determine the predictive effect of insomnia on quality of life in last trimester pregnant women. This study is a cross-sectional study. The sample of the study consisted of 309 women who were pregnant in the last trimester and were followed up in the university hospital. The data was collected using Women's Health Initiative Insomnia Rating Scale(WHIIRS), World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Short Form(WHOQOL-BREF). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to evaluate compliance with the normal distribution. Pearson correlation test used to examine the relationships between life quality subscales, discomforts during pregnancy, chronic disease, psychiatric disease, working status and insomnia. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the predictive factors of quality of life. There was a negative relationship between having problems in pregnancy and the physical domain and the psychological domain of quality of life. When working status and discomforts during pregnancy were controlled, it was determined that insomnia was an important predictor of physical, psychological, social relations and environmental areas of quality of life (respectively 21%, 6%, 5%, 4%,). As a result, it can be said that insomnia is one of the important areas that should be intervened to improve the quality of life in pregnant women.

Quality of life and psychosocial impact on patients with blood disorders: An empirical study from patients' perspectives in Saudi Arabia.

this study aims to analyze QOL and psychosocial impact on patients with blood disorders. A cross-sectional survey design is adopted in this study. The survey questionnaire included SF-36 form for measuring quality of life (QOL), along with psychosocial impact assessment scale. Adult patients with different types of blood disorders were recruited for the survey. Out of the 417 responses received, 389 were considered for data analysis and the remaining were avoided due to incomplete data. In terms of psychosocial impact scales, the highest mean is observed for financial stress (4.09 ± 1.22), followed by social exclusion (3.76 ± 1.19) and relationship challenges (3.31 ± 1.18). Among the QOL scales, the highest mean was observed for pain (3.81 ± 1.17), followed by physical functioning (3.68 ± 1.12). Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed among the participants groups characterized by age and type of disorder. Strong positive correlations between social exclusion and general health (r = 0.513), as well as pain and relationship challenges (r = 0.735) were observed. Given the existing challenges in social exclusion, poor awareness, and support there is a need to develop comprehensive and personalized treatment plans integrating physical and mental support, awareness creation, and financial support.

TV방송과 유튜브의 상대 높임 사용 양상 비교 - 토론 매체에서의 ‘합쇼체/해요체/해체’를 중심으로

This study aims to compare and analyze the usage patterns of relative honorifics in discussion programs on TV broadcasts and individual media platforms like YouTube. The goal is to identify the characteristics of honorific usage in both media and to present various strategic approaches to relative honorifics observed in these contexts. To achieve this, the study will examine actual utterance data from discussion programs on TV broadcasts and YouTube to explore the patterns of honorific usage. Previous research on the usage of honorifics in news media has mostly focused on TV broadcasts, often based on the formal and ritualistic nature of broadcast language. However, with the advent of smartphones and the easy accessibility of YouTube, informal language patterns have become more prevalent. YouTube allows participants to speak freely without the constraints of formal broadcast language, creating new social relationships based on familiarity with the audience. Therefore, this study seeks to provide foundational data on changes in the use of honorifics by comparing the usage patterns observed on YouTube with those in TV broadcast discussion programs. This comparison aims to offer insights into the evolving patterns of honorific usage in broadcast media.

Sex Education For Elementary School Children In Indonesia; Bibliometric Analysis In 2021-2024

This study provides an overview of the analysis of sex education trends in elementary school children in Indonesia for the 2021-2024 period using bibliometric analysis, aiming to identify research gaps that have not been widely studied and provide recommendations for further research. The method used is systematic literature review by utilizing Vosviewer as a meta-data analysis tool. Data was obtained from a POP search on Google Scholar 2021-2024 with the keyword "sex education for elementary school children", resulting in 107 articles that were then selected. The selection was carried out based on relevant themes, leaving 40 selected articles that fit the Sinta category and the highest ranking. The results of the study show that the trend of sex education research in elementary school age children has great potential to increase children's understanding of reproductive health and healthy social relations, and there is also an increase in research on this topic every year. This study recommends further research to develop an effective and applicable sex education learning model in learning activities in elementary schools.

The Job Loss Insurance Program as a Government Policy Response to Address the Impact of National Economic Fluctuations and Layoffs

Fluctuations in the national economy caused by several things, such as a decline in economic growth, the global economic crisis, and the COVID-19 pandemic, often lead to layoffs (PHK). Layoffs have various negative impacts on life, such as depression, mental health, financial problems, social relationships, decreased physical health, and impacts on careers. The JKP program is one of the policies to overcome these negative impacts. The JKP program is designed to provide financial support, job training, and access to labor market information for laid-off workers, with the aim of reducing the social and economic impact of layoffs and helping workers return to the labor market with better skills. The aim of this research is to explain the JKP program as a response to government policy in overcoming the negative impacts of layoffs. This research uses a qualitative and quantitative descriptive approach. The implementation of the JKP program has shown positive results, such as increasing people's purchasing power and contributing to economic recovery. However, there are several challenges in its implementation, including infrastructure, technical problems and uneven socialization. Periodic program evaluation is needed to address this problem and ensure the long-term effectiveness of the JKP program. This article also emphasizes the importance of collaboration between government and industry in improving the relevance and quality of vocational training. It is hoped that the JKP program can continue to adapt and improve protection for workers in Indonesia, thereby providing better economic and social stability

Relationships Between Socioecological Factors and Self-Efficacy to Participate in Physical Activity for Adults with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: An Integrative Review.

Self-efficacy for leisure-time or health-promoting physical activity (SEPA) is a psychosocial determinant of physical activity. The socioecological model can provide a robust perspective of SEPA. The objective of this study was to synthesize the evidence on multilevel correlates of SEPA among individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain. The second aim examined the extent to which socioecological disparities are associated with SEPA among individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain. An integrative review was conducted. Included studies needed to investigate the relationship between SEPA and socioecological factors at the interpersonal, institutional, community, and/or macrosystem level among adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain (≥3months). Searches in PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were performed (December 30, 2020, and October 12, 2022), yielding 4047 records after duplicates were removed. Two independent reviewers completed screening, full-text reviews, and data extraction. After title/abstract screening and full-text reviews, 17 studies were included. The constant comparison method included: data reduction, data display, data comparison, and conclusion drawing/verification. Quality of evidence was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal tools. Five themes emerged with respect to relationships between SEPA and socioecological factors: social relations, social comparisons, patient-provider relationship, organizational resources, and accessibility to physical activity. Relationships between interpersonal factors and SEPA were most prominently studied. One study examined and addressed potential disparities in SEPA at the macrosystem level. A spectrum of relationships from supporting to straining SEPA were found at the interpersonal level. Relationships between institutional, community, and macrosystem factors and SEPA were comparably sparse. Gaps in the literature were identified regarding how health disparities present across the socioecological model with respect to SEPA. Clinicians can use this review to evaluate how SEPA can be supported or threatened by factors across the socioecological model. This may be a preliminary step towards examining and addressing health disparities in SEPA.

Caregiver and student perspectives on school services for students with traumatic brain injury during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This study aimed to identify unique challenges created by COVID-19 school closures for students with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their families with relation to special education accommodations, therapy services, social support systems, and mental health complications. Forty-one caregivers and students participated in semi-structured, virtual interviews. Families had students in kindergarten through 12th grade who experienced a TBI prior to spring 2020 and were receiving support services at schools in Pennsylvania (US). Researchers used reflexive thematic analysis to identify themes across interviews. Central themes encompassing the student- and caregiver-reported challenges and advantages of COVID-19 school closures were changes in [1] education delivery, special education services, and accommodations for children with TBI, and [2] social relationships for students with TBI and their caregivers. COVID-19 and the transition to remote learning significantly impacted special education services and education received by students with TBI. Families in this study discussed both perceived obstacles to and advantages of remote learning in this population. As remote and asynchronous learning are now commonly integrated into the curriculum, research should clarify the facilitators and barriers for successful service provision for students with TBI.

Parental Grief After the Unexpected Death of a Child: A Scoping Review About the Impact on Parent's Social Networks and the Function of Self-Help Groups.

The unexpected death of a child, whether due to accident, sudden death syndrome, suicide, or homicide, causes profound parental grief that endures for years. Often, this grief is not fully understood by the social environment, leading parents to feel increasingly misunderstood and isolated. While initial support may be provided, it can become insufficient over time. Therefore, many parents turn to support groups, finding multiple benefits such as validation of their feelings, a safe space to discuss their children and express emotions, strengthening of their social identity, and a platform for reconstructing meaning in their lives. A scoping review was carried on to review the state of knowledge regarding the role that self-help groups can play in case of bereavement due to the unexpected death of a child and regarding the impact on social relationships referred to in these contexts. The search was conducted on 11 databases and grey literature and provided 22 final results. Reviewed studies confirm the impact of this loss, particularly on mothers, and suggest that self-help groups contribute to a more favorable development of the grieving process. Despite the scarcity of research, future studies could leverage newer theoretical models and measurement tools to confirm protective, predictive, and risk factors.

Contesting elite capture: Repositioning insurgent planning for mass movements

Some scholars have called on insurgent planning to contest the elite capture of our cities. We take this opportunity to critique and thicken the original conceptual formulation of insurgent planning and explore the limitations of its resistance against elite capture. The view that we challenge suggests that insurgent action should be folded into institutionalized planning practice in order that urban planners—wielding expert knowledge and technical skills bestowed upon them by their discipline—might harness insurgent forces from the margins to bring about change. Instead, we leverage the “people as infrastructure” framework to argue that insurgent planning faces major challenges posed by a concretizing elite-captured urban landscape and highly entrenched, pervasive capitalist ideology. We advocate and reiterate that potent counter-elite capture tactics continuously emerge from outside of institutionalized planning, arising from the changemaking power of marginalized urbanites and, once united, into mass movements transformative of social relations.

Digital Distributed Selves: Reconceptualizing Personhood in the Age of Social Media

This article introduces the concept of "digital distributed personhood" as a theoretical framework for understanding how digital technologies and social media are reshaping experiences of selfhood across cultures. Drawing on recent work in psychological anthropology and digital ethnography, we argue that personhood in the digital age is increasingly characterized by multiplicity, networked relationality, algorithmic co-construction, digital embodiment, temporal flexibility, and cultural hybridity. Through an analysis of ethnographic case studies from diverse cultural contexts, we demonstrate how this framework manifests in everyday life. The article challenges traditional anthropological models of bounded, stable personhood and proposes a more dynamic understanding that accounts for the complex interplay between individuals, digital platforms, and cultural contexts. We discuss implications for psychological anthropology, including the need to rethink fundamental assumptions about self, identity, and social relationships in light of digital realities. The article concludes by suggesting directions for future research, emphasizing the importance of longitudinal and cross- cultural studies, developmental perspectives, and investigations into the mental health implications of digital distributed personhood.

Efforts to achieve sustainable competitive advantage for SMEs: The strategic entrepreneur model

The aim of this research is to examine and analyze the dimensions of strategic entrepreneurship that are able to realize long-term sustainable competitive advantage in small and medium businesses. This research methodology and sampling technique use a purposive sampling method, with a total of 150 respondents from Batik Small and Medium Enterprises industry leaders in Central Java Province, Indonesia. Then the analysis technique uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS software. Empirical data supports the six hypotheses proposed in this study. Specifically, the first hypothesis is that entrepreneurial culture is influenced by entrepreneurial learning. The second hypothesis posits that entrepreneurial culture influences entrepreneurial capacity. The third entrepreneurial learning hypothesis is influencing entrepreneurial capacity. The four entrepreneurial capacities are influencing sustainable competitive advantage. The fifth hypothesis is that entrepreneurial learning influences a sustainable competitive advantage. The sixth hypothesis is that entrepreneurial culture influences a sustainable competitive advantage. The practical implication for realizing sustainable competitive advantage for batik Small and Medium Enterprises in Central Java Province, Indonesia, is to improve and develop entrepreneurial learning built by indicators 1). Experience 2). Cognitive; 3). Network; 4). Social relationships. Entrepreneurial learning and entrepreneurial capacity can mediate entrepreneurial culture towards sustainable competitive advantage. The strategic entrepreneurship development model begins with the establishment and enhancement of an entrepreneurial culture, which encompasses the following elements: 1). Enthusiasm 2). Stakeholder alignment 3). Learning and Development Support. 4). Change is driven by business opportunities.

The effects of social network relationships and social media influencer characteristics on consumer purchase intention in Chinese online community

The effects of social network relationships and social media influencer characteristics on consumer purchase intention in Chinese online community

Exploring stigma, shame, and safety behaviours in social anxiety and paranoia amongst people diagnosed with schizophrenia.

Social anxiety and paranoia are connected by a shared suspicion framework. Based on cognitive-behavioural approaches, there is evidence for treating social anxiety and psychosis. However, mechanisms underlying the relationship between social anxiety and paranoia remain unclear. To investigate mediators between social anxiety and paranoia in schizophrenia such as negative social appraisals (i.e. stigma or shame; Hypothesis 1), and safety behaviours (i.e. anxious avoidance or in situ safety behaviours; Hypothesis 2). A cross-sectional study was conducted among Asian out-patients with schizophrenia (January-April 2020). Data on social anxiety, paranoia, depression, shame, stigma, anxious avoidance, and in situ behaviours were collected. Associations between social anxiety and paranoia were investigated using linear regressions. Mediation analysis via 10,000 bias-corrected bootstrap samples with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was used to test the indirect effects (ab) of mediators. Participants (n=113, 59.3% male) with a mean age of 44.2 years were recruited. A linear relationship between social anxiety and paranoia was found. In multiple mediation analyses (co-varying for depression), stigma and shame (Hypothesis 1) did not show any significant indirect effects with ab=.004 (95%CI=-.013, .031) and -.003 (-.023, .017), respectively, whereas in situ behaviours (Hypothesis 2) showed a significant effect with ab=.110 (.038, .201) through the social anxiety-paranoia relationship. Social anxiety and paranoia are positively correlated. In situ safety behaviours fully mediated the social anxiety and paranoia relationship. Targeted interventions focusing on safety behaviours could help reduce paranoia in psychosis. Symptom severity should be measured to help characterise the participants' characteristics.

The profile of social communication in Dravet syndrome

Dravet syndrome (DS) presents a multifaceted clinical picture marked by epilepsy, cognitive impairments and behavioral disorders that progresses throughout development. Behavioral disorders include impairments in social relationships and communication, with frequent diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. This study focused on comprehensively evaluating and comparing social communication profiles among a group of 43 children with Dravet syndrome, 30 children with level 1 autism spectrum disorder, 36 with social (pragmatic) communication disorder, and 18 with intellectual disability. Using validated tools like the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test and Children’s Communication Checklist, distinct patterns of social communication deficits were delineated. Our findings indicate that children with Dravet syndrome experience challenges in social relationships, primarily due to difficulties in use of pragmatic language. Areas such as range of interests and social interaction are less affected compared to those with ASD, emphasizing differing profiles between the conditions. While children with DS and ID may have similar intellectual functioning, the different social communication deficits in DS indicate their role in the DS phenotype beyond ID. These results underscore the unique social communication profile of DS and emphasizes the importance of tailored interventions and deep phenotyping efforts for effective DS management.