Social-psychological Adaptation Research Articles

SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL ADAPTATION OF FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS TO THE UNIVERSITY LEARNING PROCESS

This study investigates the social-psychological adaptation of first-year students at Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, focusing on the transition from high school to university life. This transition is a critical phase, characterized by significant changes and challenges that can impact students' academic success and overall well-being. The research aims to explore the multifaceted nature of this adaptation process, examining both the social and psychological dimensions. The social aspect of adaptation involves students' integration into the university community, including the development of new social networks, participation in campus activities, and building relationships with peers and faculty. The psychological dimension encompasses students' adjustment to the university environment, which includes managing academic stress, developing effective study habits, and coping with the emotional challenges of this new phase of life. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study combines quantitative surveys with qualitative interviews to gain a comprehensive understanding of the experiences of first-year students. The survey explores various factors, such as perceived academic preparedness, levels of social engagement, and psychological well-being. The qualitative interviews provide deeper insights into students' personal experiences, challenges faced, and coping strategies employed during their transition to university life. This research is significant as it contributes to a deeper understanding of the factors that facilitate or hinder the successful adaptation of first-year students. The findings are expected to inform the development of targeted support programs and interventions at Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, aimed at enhancing student adjustment and promoting a positive university experience.

Does living alone mean being alone? Personal networks of solo-living adults in midlife

People living alone are often depicted as prone to social isolation and poor well-being. Since previous research largely focused on comparisons between the living arrangements of older adults, evidence on differences within middle-aged adults living alone remains sparse. The present study used a person-centered approach to allow for a comprehensive understanding of the heterogeneity of living alone in midlife. Middle-aged adults (N = 389; aged 35–60 years) reported on their personal networks, personality, and well-being and completed diaries on daily network interactions. Using latent class analysis, we constructed a network typology and examined differences in social motives, well-being, daily interaction quantity, and daily relationship quality. We found four structural network types: Individuals with diverse networks (highest in size, contact, proximity, and heterogeneity) felt less lonely than individuals with restricted (lowest in size, contact, proximity, and heterogeneity) or loose-knit networks (low in contact). Individuals with loose-knit networks reported poorer well-being than those in diverse or partner-focused networks (all partnered). We found little support for differences in social motives. All network types differed in daily interaction quantity but did not differ in daily relationship quality. The study highlights the heterogeneity of personal networks in middle-aged adults living alone. Possible implications for the social embeddedness and psychological adaptation of people living alone in midlife are discussed.

The use of psychological and psychiatric methods in determining valeological competence formation in non-medical students of Ukraine

Background. Valeological competence is the ability to lead a healthy lifestyle. Teaching the basics of a healthy lifestyle in higher education institutions of Ukraine is regulated by higher education standards. Valeological competence is formed in non-medical students during the teaching of valeological disciplines. At the Ukrainian Engineering Pedagogics Academy (Kharkiv) such a valeological discipline is "Health Pedagogy", at the National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute" (Kharkiv) and at the National University of Civil Defense of Ukraine (Kharkiv) – "Fundamentals of Medical Knowledge and Health-Saving". Confidential questionnaires are used to assess the success of the formation of the motivational-value and personal components of valeological competence, the list of questions of which allows studying the behavior patterns of non-medical students. Aim. To establish the conformity of the questions of the questionnaires, which are used to study the formation of the motivational-value and personal components of the valeological competence in non-medical students, to the existing psychological and psychiatric methods. Materials and Methods. The bibliosemantic method and the system analysis method were used in the study. Results. Correspondence was established between the questions used to assess the success of the formation of the motivational, value and personal components of valeological competence, with the questions of such psychological and psychiatric methods questionnaires by Rogers K. and Diamond R. (social-psychological adaptation), Boyko V.V. (level of emotional burnout), Burtyanskyi D.L. and Krystal V.V. (levels of socio-pedagogical and sexual-behavioral adaptation of a married couple or sexual partners), Navran L. (satisfaction with married life or life with a sexual partner) and the CAGE-AID screening test for alcohol and/or drug addiction. Conclusions. The questions of the questionnaires used for assess the success of the formation of the motivational-value and personal components of valeological competence in non-medical students, correspond to existing psychological and psychiatric methods, the modification of which to the needs of assessing the formation of the components of valeological competence requires further research. Keywords: qualitative factor-criterion model, health-saving, valeological education.

Some trends of social and psychological maladaptation of medical university students in wartime

Annotation. In aim to study the socio-demographic and socio-psychological features of higher medical education graduates in the context of social-psychological maladaptation in wartime, a survey of 167 higher medical education graduates was conducted using questionnaires and a scale of social-psychological adaptation C. Rogers and R.F. Dymond. Statistical analysis of differences in quantitative traits was performed using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test, categorized using Fisher's exact test (one-sided) at p<0.05. It was found that under the influence of the stress of war, the social and psychological adaptation of the students worsens in the areas of psychological well-being, microsocial interaction, learning and leisure. Socio-psychological maladaptation among students of higher medical education is more common among women and senior students, while the influence of age and material well-being on the risk of maladaptation turned out to be secondary. As socio-psychological maladaptation deepens in wartime, the specific weight of students with disorders of social functioning, in particular, intensified psychological problems, increases – among students without manifestations of socio-psychological maladaptation, 58.3%, with individual manifestations – 92.0%, with pronounced maladaptation – 90.6%; decrease in communication – 22.3%, 74.7% and 68.7%, respectively; worsening of studies – 47.2%, 59.6% and 87.5% respectively, worsening of relations with relatives – 27.8%, 47.5% and 71.8% respectively; deterioration of relations with friends – 38.8%, 61.6% and 75.0% respectively; deterioration of relations with other people – 74.9%, 71.7% and 78.2% respectively; as well as deterioration of leisure time – 55.5%, 47.5% and 81.2% respectively. At the same time, a certain part of the students without signs of socio-psychological maladaptation even in wartime proved to be able to improve their socio-psychological functioning: general psychological state – 8.4%, communication – 19.4%, education – 16.7%, relations with relatives – 50.0%, relations with friends – 44.5%, relations with other people – 8.4%, leisure – 13.9%. The revealed patterns should be taken into account when developing rehabilitation and preventive measures for higher education students with manifestations of social and psychological maladaptation.

Individual-psychological characteristics and the state of psychosocial adaptation of combatants with non-psychotic mental disorders who have experienced COVID-19

The relevance of the studied subject lies in the importance of investigating the individual-psychological characteristics, coping behaviour, and the state of psychosocial adaptation of combatants who have recovered from COVID-19, to develop personalised therapeutic and rehabilitation measures The purpose of the study was to determine the pathocharacterological characteristics, coping repertoire features, and psychosocial maladaptation in individuals who participated in combat operations, have non-psychotic mental disorders, and have experienced the coronavirus infection, in a comparative aspect. A total of 132 male combatants with non-psychotic mental disorders who did not have COVID-19 and 120 military personnel with the same mental disorders who had experienced the coronavirus infection were examined using Standardised Multifactor Personality Inventory, questionnaire “Methods of coping behavior”, and the Social-Psychological Adaptation Diagnostic Method. It was found that combatants who had experienced COVID-19 exhibited specific personality characteristics that can be considered pathocharacterological transformations and signs of neuroticism. The core pathocharacterological changes included stable anxious-depressive and hyposthenic traits, while the auxiliary psychopathological constructs included stable emotionally labile, asthenic, hypochondriacal, and dysphoric manifestations. They also exhibited changes in coping repertoire with a predominance of non-constructive strategies of escape-avoidance and confrontation, along with a deactualisation of constructive coping strategies such as problem-solving planning, seeking social support, self-control, and positive reappraisal. Furthermore, pronounced manifestations of psychosocial maladaptation were observed in all key domains. COVID-19 acts as a complicating factor, exacerbating psychopathological symptoms, contributing to the formation of pathocharacterological traits, and deepening the psychosocial maladaptation of combatants with non-psychotic mental disorders. The obtained data provide an opportunity to personalise therapeutic, rehabilitation, and preventive measures, considering the pathocharacterological individual-psychological characteristics and coping behaviour, and to improve existing programmes of social-psychological adaptation for combatants

SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL ADAPTATION OF SYRIAN-ARMENIAN CHILDREN DIFFICULTIES IN PRIMARY SCHOOL EDUCATION PROCESS

This article analyzes and reveals the socio-psychological difficulties of adaptation of Syrian-Armenian children during elementary school educational activities. The effectiveness of social-psychological adaptation in the educational process is conditioned not only by the correct choice and application of educational programs, methods, means, but also by the pedagogues who implement the whole systematic educational process. The problem of the adaptation of Syrian-Armenian children in the educational process of primary classes can be called one of the most important problems of the school. It needs extensive research in terms of pedagogy and psychology and practical work in this direction. In order to study and identify the difficulties of adaptation in the educational process of Syrian-Armenian children, we have carried out research and corrective works from previously developed psychological tasks. The positive results of the research can be used to work with Syrian-Armenian children in educational institutions, reducing their social and psychological adjustment problems in the educational process.

Adaptation of Venezuelan refugees in Colombia: The mediating roles of acculturation orientations in influencing acculturation adaptations.

As of 2021, over 5.4 million Venezuelans have fled their home country in search of safety, food, medicine and access to essential services. This is the most substantial exodus in the recent history of Latin America. Colombia has received 2 million of these refugees, making it the nation host to the greatest number of Venezuelan refugees. The present research aims to examine the relations between the sociocultural and psychological factors that are associated with Psychological Adaptation of Venezuelan refugees living in Colombia. We also examined how these relations were mediated by the acculturation orientations. Among Venezuelan refugees, higher Psychological Strength, lower Perceived Discrimination, higher National Identity and higher Outgroup Social Support, were significantly associated with higher engagement with Colombian society and better Psychological Adaptation. Orientation to the host (Colombian) society mediated the association between (a) National Identity and Psychological Adaptation, (b) Outgroup Social Support and Psychological Adaptation and (c) Perceived Discrimination and Psychological Adaptation. The results may inform refugee receiving societies of some essential factors and positive strategies behind adaptation of refugees.

A Study on the Influence of New Media on the Social Adaptability of the Aged in China

This paper investigates the development of new media in China and the current situation of China's aging population. Based on the definition of the social adaptability of the aging population, it analyzes the influence mechanism of new media on it in China. The results show that, compared with traditional media, new media significantly improves the cognitive ability, social participation level, social relations, and social psychological adaptation ability of the aged. This paper also analyzes the "digital divide" faced by the aged in integrating into new media from the aspects of desire, access, and skill. Meanwhile, different policy suggestions are put forward from the national to the individual level to promote the integration of the elderly into the digital new media so as to help them better adapt to society.

Factors influencing self-care among patients with primary hypertension: path analysis of mediating roles of self-efficacy and depressive symptoms.

Blood pressure control requires medication adherence and lifestyle modifications. Social cognitive theory suggests social support, psychological adaptation, and self-efficacy can reinforce lifestyle modifications. This study investigated if self-efficacy was a mediator between self-rated health status (SRHS), social support, depressive symptoms, anxiety, and self-care among patients with hypertension. This cross-sectional study recruited patients with primary hypertension by convenience sampling (N = 318) from an outpatient cardiology clinic. Data included participant characteristics and self-report scales for social support, SRHS, anxiety, depressive symptoms, Self-efficacy and self-care diet quality and weight management. We used path analysis to test the hypothesized model. The mean age of participants was 63.91 ± 11.80 years. Mean scale scores for social support and depressive symptoms were 54.23 ± 13.26 and 6.14 ± 3.14, respectively; SRHS was 66.91 ± 13.80, self-efficacy was 34.31 ± 11.62, self-care for diet quality and weight management were 36.50 ± 13.19 and 27.38 ± 8.64, respectively. Bootstrapping demonstrated self-efficacy was the mediator between social support and self-care for diet quality and weight management; depressive symptoms mediated the relationship between social support and self-efficacy. In addition, the variable of depressive symptoms was also a mediator between SRHS and self-efficacy. The final model showed SRHS, social support, depressive symptoms, and self-efficacy explained 28% of self-care. Our findings suggest developing theory-based interventions for patients with hypertension that provide education and/or psychological support for increasing patients' self-efficacy and reducing depressive symptoms simultaneously to facilitate their long-term self-care behaviours.

The Role of Wisdom in the Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Chinese Visiting Scholars to Canada: A Mediation Model.

This study examines the role of wisdom in the cross-cultural adaptation of Chinese visiting scholars in Canada, as mediated by different coping styles. Path analysis was used to for hypotheses testing. The findings suggest that (1) wisdom measured by 3D-WS and Adult Self-Transcendence Inventory (ASTI), independently had direct correlation with social and psychological adaptation, and positively associated with engaged coping (active coping and proactive–reflective coping); (2) the independent effects of 3D-WS and ASTI on social adaptation, psychological adaptation, and life satisfaction were mediated by proactive–reflective coping; (3) wisdom, when measured by 3D-WS, promoted positive psychological adaptation through decreasing passive coping. This study shows that wisdom is a critical factor affecting cross-cultural adaptation, and the use of proactive–reflective coping is a wise way of handling future life challenges.

Adaptasi individual dan kolektif: Respons masyarakat Indonesia menghadapi pandemi COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has given an impact on various aspects of human life forcing humans to adapt to the existing condition. This study aimed to explore the adaptation process toward the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The research method applied was quantitative-descriptive. A total of 544 Indonesian citizens filled out an online social perception toward risk and spread of COVID-19 scale through a google form. The results focused on the adaptive response of the community consisting of both perceptions and behaviors. This study found that the adaptation of the society to deal with COVID-19 did not only occur at the individual level but also at the collective level. At the individual level, there were two kinds of psychological adaptation found namely active and passive. At the collective level, this study suggested that collective coping is an important form of social-psychological adaptation in which solidarity is the essence of the process.

Loneliness Among African Migrants Living in Portugal

This study analyzed the degree of loneliness, as well as acculturation and adaptation factors related to it among African migrants. The study sample consisted of 759 migrants (48.5% females) from four ethnocultural groups (Angolans, Cape Verdeans, Guineans, and Mozambicans) living in Portugal. Participants’ mean age was 37 years, and the mean length of sojourn in this country was 21 years. Participants completed self-reported questionnaires to evaluate social contacts, language proficiency, ethnic identity, perceived discrimination, psychological adaptation, sociocultural adaptation, and intercultural adaptation; moreover, loneliness level was evaluated using the ULS-6 scale. Most participants did not report high levels of loneliness. However, as expected, loneliness correlated negatively with social contacts, ethnic identity, and Portuguese language proficiency, whereas it correlated positively with perceived discrimination. The three adaptation factors negatively predicted loneliness beyond acculturation factors. This study also discussed the implications of this research for counselors.

Социально-педагогическая адаптация как проблема психолого-педагогической науки

The analysis of the main problems associated with the socio-pedagogical adaptation of the individual, both in theoretical and practical aspects, was carried out. Three problems facing social pedagogy as a theoretical part of sociology are considered. The content of the first problem re-lated to the analysis of the concepts of “social adaptation”, “social-psychological adaptation” and “social-pedagogical adaptation”, which is important for the theory of social adaptation in general, as well as for the development of the scientific foundations of socio-pedagogical technologies that are adequate to the goals, is disclosed and the tasks of social adaptation, rehabilitation and increasing the level of adaptability of the child's personality. The content of the second problem related to the need for professional training and retraining of a social teacher, who is able to situationally and effectively solve in practice the problems of social adaptation of children and students of different age groups, is revealed. The content of the third problem is revealed, which involves the formation of key competencies in a social teacher, allowing him not only to quickly navigate and correctly select the latest theories and concepts from a modern scientific and psychological data bank that can be used as the basis of socio-pedagogical technologies for the social adaptation of a person, but also develop appropriate technologies that meet the criteria of conceptuality, consistency, reproducibility.

Порівняння адаптаційних можливостей студентів випускних курсів закладу вищої медичної освіти під час дистанційного та аудиторного навчання

Studying in medical higher education institutions has always been quite challenging and requires the involvement of various student reserves. The COVID-19 pandemic has brought many changes to the life of society in general and the educational process in particular. Teachers and students of all educational institutions had to switch from working in classrooms to working remotely. All these factors create certain stressful circumstances, so it requires including all adaptive capabilities from each individual. The purpose of the study was to compare socio-psychological adaptation of students who studied in classroom with those forced to practice remotely for more than a year. Materials and methods. One hundred forty-eight completed questionnaires based on the questionnaire of K. Rogers and R. Diamond were processed. The control group consisted of 56 students – these are the answers of students who studied in the 6th year in their classroom during the 2017-2018 academic year. The experimental group included 92 questionnaires of students who worked on the 6th year remotely in the period from spring 2020 to spring 2021. Results and discussion. The study found that the adaptation of students in both groups at an intermediate level was 86% and 78%, respectively. The analysis results show the impact of the third crisis period of study (respectively, 1, 3, and 6 years) on the student. In the 2nd group, we received a figure by 8% lower for the control group. In the control group, the indicator of internality (perception of changes occurring to them due to their activities) did not differ. The transition to distance learning in its average value does not change it significantly. Emotional comfort in the experimental group of students was 12% higher than in the control group. The data obtained in the control group indicate an almost equal percentage of self-perception and perception of others. Students show a friendly attitude to classmates, the environment, a positive attitude towards others. The experimental group students show a positive pole of self-perception, which reflects the degree of self-friendliness. The lower rate of desire for dominance in distance learning students is probably due to the commitment to work in a team. Conclusion. Thus, students who have switched to an entirely new type of education have deviations in the socio-psychological adaptation. The adaptation of students tended to decrease, which indicates the need for additional time to adapt to new conditions and may affect the level of learning. Comparing students of online and offline forms of education revealed differences in the frequency and structure of deviations of social-psychological adaptation. Violations of social-psychological adaptation in distance learning are represented by low scores of its essential characteristics: adaptation, internality, the desire for dominance against the background of increasing self-perception and emotional comfort

The Social and Psychological Effects of Inclusive Education of Persons with Hearing Disability in Society: A Field Study at the Disability Resource Centre (Sharjah University)

The objective of inclusive education is to increase the quality of social and psychological integration in society of students with disabilities in the learning process. This study aimed to identify the social and psychological effects of inclusive education of students with hearing disabilities at Sharjah University’s Disability Resource Centre. The study adopted a descriptive analytical approach with a purposive sample comprising 24 students with hearing impairment. An electronic questionnaire comprising 25 psychological and social statements and nine open-ended questions was administered to collect quantitative and qualitative data. The results revealed positive correlation coefficients between inclusive education and both psychological adjustment and social interaction and negative relationships between gender and age and both social interaction and psychological adaptation variables (for age ρ = 0.091 and ρ = 0.262 and for gender ρ = 0.47 and ρ = 0.076, respectively). A statistically significant difference of less than 0.05 was found in favour of those who agreed that inclusion affects psychological adaptation. A statistically significant difference of less than 0.05 was found in favour of students who agreed that inclusion affects social interaction. The research results can be used in the practice of inclusive education to determine ways to improve the social and psychological adaptation of students with hearing impairments.

The influence of distance learning on the main indicators of social-psychological adaptation of domestic and foreign students

Actuality. With the emergence and rapid spread of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, unprecedented measures have been taken to combat the pandemic, which in many countries, including Ukraine, has led to severe restrictions with the transition of all levels to distance learning.The aim of the work is to study and compare the main indicators of social and psychological adaptation of domestic and foreign students to study under distance education during quarantine.Material and methods. The study of the main indicators of personal adaptation of 3rd-year students of medical faculties of BSMU during distance learning under quarantine conditions was conducted. The indicators were studied by surveying domestic and foreign students using Google Forms and Google Meet videoconferencing. The survey was conducted anonymously, under the same conditions, and to create a questionnaire in Google Forms used an adapted version of the questionnaire BOO "Adaptability" in Ukrainian and English, which is designed to assess the adaptive capacity of man. Results. According to the results of the survey, during distance learning, the level of neuropsychological stability of domestic students was probably higher than that of foreign citizens. Foreign students had a socialization rate 1.5 times lower than Ukrainian students did, and the vast majority of domestic students had a sufficient level of socialization. Communicative abilities of domestic students compared to foreign students were also significantly higher, but both Ukrainian and foreign students during quarantine and distance learning show almost no signs of behavioral disorders. In general, both domestic and foreign students during distance learning in quarantine have a low level of adaptation, and its success depends on external conditions (distance and isolation).Conclusion. Under the conditions of quarantine, students of medical faculties of BSMU, both domestic and foreign are characterized by a rather low level of socio-psychological adaptation to distance learning.

THE EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ON STRESS COPING STYLES

Problem statement. The article presents the theoretical and empirical research of three stress coping styles: adaptive, relatively adaptive, maladaptive. The special attention is paid to the empirical study on each style components: personal reactions to stress, psychological defence, endurance under aggressive work conditions and threats to life, fast resources recovery after stress, ability to build partnerships, responsibility and determination, a set of adequate reactions to stress. Objective. To carry out an empirical research of police patrol officers’ stress coping styles. Research Methods. The diagnostic base included the following methods: E. Heim’s method examining coping strategies, “Don’t let a person fall” express-diagnostics of A. Smirnova (projective technique), “Assessment of nervous and mental tension” of T. Nemchin, “A person under rain” (projective technique) of A. Romanova and T. Sitko, the inquirer of the social-psychological adaptation of C.Rogers and R.Diamond, “Transactional analysis of communication” of E. Ilyin. Research results. Most respondents with adaptive style of stress overcoming in extreme conditions apply successful coping strategies (66%), they quickly recover lost resources, are prone to partner communication, responsible, show leadership qualities, find a way out of situations and are able to lead others, feel protected in a stressful situation, are able to perform duties under aggressive working conditions, rarely get into critical situations because they always carefully calculate all possible variants of events and try to foresee everything that can happen, in a critical situation they are not confused and can do everything necessary to correct what has happened. Patrol officers with the maladaptive style are unable to work in extreme working conditions, feel unprotected in aggressive conditions, and react to stress naively and timidly.

Social-psychological adaptation of the applicants of higher education in the conditions of social instability

Social-psychological adaptation of the applicants of higher education in the conditions of social instability

PSYCHODIAGNOSTICS AND PSYCHOCORECTION OF BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS AND DISADAPTATION IN ADOLESCENTS WITH PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPRIVATION

Aim of the study on the basis of study of abnormal psychology phenomenology to learn propensity to disorders of behavior and displays of disadaptation for teenagers, as a factor of origin and realization of different forms of victim behavior that can become reason of origin of propensity to the destructive options and tendencies of behavior in interpersonality relations for teenagers with a psychological deprivate and to work out fitting for their psychocorrection.Materials and methods. By us were inspected from 2018 to 2020 50 teenagers by age 16-18, that was brought up shelter of domestic type for the children of orphans and children confined of the paternal caring.Experimental psychological researches included: test of А.Н. Orel is for the exposure of indexes of propensity to disorders of behavior of teenagers, that sent to the estimation of readiness or inclination of teenagers to realization of different forms of deviative behavior; test of О.О. Andronikova for the exposure of indexes of propensity to victim behavior of teenagers.Results. As a result of this study, psychodiagnostics and psychocorrection were carried out to 50 teenagers with a psychological deprivate, it was educed greater propensity to victim behavior and characteristic intentionally creation or provocation of conflict situation for the pupils of refuge for children-orphans, than for teenagers that was brought up in families.Conclusions. On the basis of analysis of individual, personality, social-psychological factors, that stipulate forming of social psychological rejections in behavior of teenagers with psychological deprivation, necessary application of timely complex, psychocorrection, due to renewal for the teenagers of social psychological adaptation, also on psychoprophylaxis of forming of victim and aggressive character traits.

Analysis of socio-psychological aspects of PTSD of combatants

In this work, the modern scientific approaches what concerns post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), reasons of its formation and characteristics of its manifestation in individuals who participated in military actions were analyzed and considered; the data of experimental investigation of the manifestations of PTSD and widespreading of these disorders in the groups of war and participants of the military actions who didn‘t get injured. Particularities of manifestation of certain characteristics of social-psychological adaptation of combatants in peacetime have been studied and analyzed; practical recommendations of psychological counselling and ways of solving the topical problems of combatants, strategies of overcoming personal and crisis have been suggested.