Participation In Social Processes Research Articles

Democracy in the digital era

Democracy in the digital era

Syrian Migration and Active Citizenship in Turkey: Rethinking the Possibility of Living Together and Social Cohesion

The sudden and intense migration that emerged as a result of the Syrian crisis in 2011 had significant effects on cities and municipalities in our country as well as in the world. Considering that the vast majority of Syrians currently live in urban areas, municipalities that have a significant proportion of Syrian immigrants compared to their resident population faced a challenge of delivering the same quality municipal services to more populations due to unexpected increase in the number of people waiting for service, but with the same budget, personnel, equipment and organizational structure. This situation negatively affects the quality of life in cities and threatens local sustainable development. The main idea of our study is to open the theoretical framework of the “active citizenship” model for discussion. The model is based on the idea that, active citizenship model is the most important resource to be mobilized in increasing the resilience of municipalities at the local level in the face of added urban issues such as mass migration and pandemic, and living together and a sustainable quality of life in cities. After making conceptual fixations in the study, answers will be sought to possible questions on how active citizens are involved in the political and social participation processes; their roles; why it is necessary to be an active citizen; how to establish an enabling environment for this to occur and what the duties of municipalities are in this context.

Ciudades sostenibles: vinculaciones entre la producción social del hábitat y la salud colectiva

In this article, two scenarios of social production of the habitat are described considering the linkages between the habitat and collective health. Therefore, this text contributes to think about the foundations to incorporate the health sector in urban and territorial planning, emphasizing the study of social participation processes and the importance of focusing on empirical data from specific topics and territories (WHO and UN-Habitat, 2021). This study is based on an anthropological fieldwork developed in peri-urban territories of the city of Mar del Plata (General Pueyrredon district, Buenos Aires province, Argentina) during 2019-2022.

Intercultural Dialogue: Strengthening the Relationship between Indigenous Primary Schools and Their Communities through the Resignification of Traditional Knowledge in Central Veracruz, Mexico

This article presents a project implemented between 2015–2019 using a collaborative approach with indigenous primary schools in the municipality of Rafael Delgado, located in central Veracruz, Mexico. In the context of a Nahuatl-speaking, semi-rural community, the project illustrates the processes through which intercultural dialogue promotes the resignification of local identity and the strengthening of social cohesion, thus engaging both the school and the members of the community in social participation processes.

Electricity as a common good/resource: a scenario based approach

PurposeEnergy systems are quickly in transition and their complexity has been dramatically increased. Although there are numerous studies and researches about future of energy in terms of technology or fuels, few studies have been done based on comprehensive socio-technical dimensions of energy systems’ futures. One key question to fill this gap is that how can we consider electricity as a sustainable common good/resource, beyond some conventional considerations related to public or private sector orientation? The purpose of this study is to find an acceptable answer for this question..Design/methodology/approachTo achieve the purpose of this study, after reviewing some relevant studies, key effective factors on the future of energy have been recognized in an expert panel and structurally analyzed by Micmac software based on cross-impact analyze method. Thereafter, four scenarios for transforming the electricity distribution from a monopoly good to a common resource have been developed and described based on scenario workshops method..FindingsFour scenarios for transforming the electricity distribution from a monopoly good to a common resource have been developed and described. These scenarios include “spider grid,” “local grid,” “intermediate grid” and “off-grid.” Furthermore, different dimensions of electricity as a common good/resource have been investigated. As a result, the authors find out that common resource is a creatable concept that can be referred to some goods depending on certain conditions.Originality/valueElectricity, like any other resource with common characteristics, can be considered and treated as a common resource, depending on the way we generate, share and distribute it, ownership and property rights, management and decision-making mechanisms, social participation processes and governance criteria.

ЛЮДСЬКИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ В УМОВАХ ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЇ УКРАЇНИ

The paper is devoted to the research of the role of human as the basis of human potential of the country on basis by the disclosuring of the concepts of human potential and analysis of the human development index, human capital index and the Global Competitiveness Index of Ukraine and the European Union. The expediency and necessity of digitalization of the state processes, the electronic document management system (EDMS), the electronic interaction with citizens and the electronic services are substantiated. Today in Ukraine the European integration acquires a qualitatively new meaning. This is due to the complex socio-economic and political processes, which are associated with the Ukraine’s chosen European vector of development, which in the perspective will help improve the socio-economic situation of society. The human potential is the broadest socio-economic category which characterizes the human participation in social processes. Human potential determines not only the country’s desire to ensure the future existence of creative, the qualified personnel, but also significantly affects on the expanded social renewal in terms of demographic, economic, social and spiritual life. Accordingly, in the digital economy, human resources should be given priority attention on the all levels of government. The development of human potential is influenced by the large number of factors (demo- graphic, investment, natural, housing, social, technical and technological, labour, economic, educational and innovative). One of the most recognized and widespread indicators in the world practice that assess the state, problems and level of human potential are such key indicators as: human development index, human capital index, the global competitiveness index. These indicators allow reflecting the impact on human potential of all these factors and show Ukraine in the ranking of countries of the world. The economic crises have affected on the Human Development Index (HDI) not only on Ukraine, but also on the European countries. In fact, over the ten-year period, the HDI rate for the European countries has deteriorated significantly, but with given the negative economic phenomena of 2017 and 2018, it still had some positive changes as of early 2020. At the same time, the small post-Soviet and now the European countries have significantly improved this indicator by conducting the successful reforms of social sphere. The Human Capital Index (HCI) shows that 70% of the national wealth is formed by the developed countries and only 30% of the national wealth of Ukraine. What is even worse is that while the developed countries are increasing their human capital, Ukraine is losing it. The Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) should be used by the countries, which are striving to remove the existing barriers to the economic development and competitiveness as a tool for analyzing the problematic issues in their economic policy and develop anti-crisis strategies. According to the GCI, Ukraine has improved its state, but this improvement is extremely slow, while the EU’s countries are among the TOP-fifty countries with a high level of competitiveness. Thus, during the research period, almost all indices (except HDI) have increased, however, such increasing did not provide the best position of Ukraine in the world rankings, which indicates about the need significantly much higher rates of intellectualization of the economy. The changes are quite slow. On the basis of conducted analysis, it can be stated that the level of using of human potential are not improving in the recent years. As the observations are shown, the using of human potential in Ukraine takes place in conditions of the crisis phenomena in the economy and socio-cultural contradictions in society. The reform of the economy as a whole and its individual sectors, in particular, the public sector of the economy, the electronic document management system (EDMS), the electronic interaction with citizens and services has a great influence on the improvement of the analyzed indices.

Social participation among Iranian community-dwelling older adults: A grounded theory study.

ABSTRACTBackground:Iran is among the countries whose older adult population is increasing rapidly. The social dimension of health in older adults affects their other existential dimensions. Social participation is a key determinant of health for older adults. This study aimed to explore the process of social participation among community-dwelling older adults.Methods:This is a qualitative study with the grounded theory approach. The study population consisted of eligible community-dwelling older adults. The participants were initially selected by purposeful sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The time and place of the interviews were arranged in discussion with the participants in advance. Lincoln and Guba’s criteria were used to assess the scientific accuracy and validity of the study. The university ethics committee issued the ethics code for the study. Data were analyzed using Corbin and Strauss approach.Result:The results of interviews with 15 participants, in this study, led to the emergence of 12 main categories and 32 subcategories with the core concept of “older adults’ desire to stay active”. Social participation of older adults was a concept clarified with the efforts of older adults to stay active in the community. Categories are fully described in the manuscript.Conclusion:Staying active is one of the main concerns regarding the concept of older adults’ social participation. The existence of conducive underlying factors, such as a participation-seeking older adult, family, and society, assists in the development of social participation at various levels and multiple forms among older adults.

MODELS OF THE LESSONS ON CRITICAL THINKING DEVELOPMENT: ANANLYSIS AND PECULIARITIES OF DESIGN

The article deals with the models of the lessons of critical thinking and the peculiarities of their design. The attention is drawn to the fact that critical thinking is an important element of the numerous processes necessary for effective learning, which are formed and developed through a complex, systematic and system-defined application of certain strategies, models, methods and techniques. There is given a detailed description of the basic model of the lesson on critical thinking development, which consists of three stages (the introduction, the main part and the summary), has a certain logic of application and provides ways for combining certain methods / techniques. The attention is focused on the correct and full application of the cyclic model of training by D. Kolb while designing the lessons on critical thinking. It is suggested that a five-staged model of the training by R. Duron, B. Limbach and W. Waugh, which is based on the existing theory and advanced methods of cognitive development of children, should be used to apply as the basis for the lessons on critical thinking development. The application of various models of the lessons on critical thinking development makes it possible to make an educational process more diverse and interesting for students, and for teachers. After all, the critical thinking is formed gradually, it is the result of the daily hard work of the teacher and a student, from lesson to lesson, from year to year, which, in a public prospect, prepares children to conscious and responsible participation in social processes, teaches them to make reasonable decisions, effectively solve problem situations.

Género y participación social en salud desde la experiencia ciudadana en El Salvador

The process of social participation in the health field is linked to the political history, economic and social changes of each society. The relationship between the State and the exercise of citizenship are mediated by social determinants, with implications for the social construction of gender-based inequalities. The objective of the study is to characterize, with a gender perspective, the process of social participation from the experience and perspective of citizens. The study was carried out in 2015 and located in El Salvador, Central America. The study is a qualitative exploratory study conducted in 9 municipalities and involves male and female social leaders from the communities of two health networks: Corinto and Perquín, of the Department of Morazán in El Salvador, Central America. The sample included 29 semi-structured interviews. Results of the study include social leader's perceptions and experiences, revels gender inequalities in access, social conditions, and forms of participation available for men and women also shows that traditional gender roles are reproduced and reinforced. However, there are outstanding female leaderships associated with political and gender training. Likewise, difficulties are exposed in maintaining autonomy and horizontal leadership. The study concluded that Gender Equity in mechanisms and opportunities to participate need to be reviewed, the non-governmental organizations have played a positive role in the empowerment and support of women for their involvement facilitating gender education and financial support.

De la Cuna a la Escuela. El Turbulento Devenir Durante la Primera Transición Educativa de Alumnado Autista

To promote inclusive education, attention must be paid to exclusionary processes. Students considered within the autism spectrum are, without a doubt, at greater risk of exclusion than others. This paper will show partial results of a project that has asked what are the barriers and supports that families with sons or daughters with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) face in their first educational transition. Using a qualitative, phenomenological-interpretive methodology and a cross-sectional design, the life stories of 6 students with ASD (out of a total sample of 22) have been analyzed in depth, with special attention to the processes of social participation. The thematic analyzes carried out show some "lights" and many "shadows" in this first transition and with it what can be learned to move towards a more inclusive and quality educational system that benefits all students.

Desenvolvimento rural sustentável por meio da licenciatura em Ciências Agrícolas

Esse texto é parte da Dissertação de Mestrado, intitulada: “Licenciatura em Ciências Agrícolas, para além dos muros da escola: conhecimento e conexões rumo ao desenvolvimento rural sustentável. A intenção do artigo, é apresentar o contexto histórico de criação do curso de LICA – Licenciatura em Ciências Agrícolas, do Instituto Federal do Espirito Santo – Campus Itapina. Analisaremos ainda, sua contribuição para o desenvolvimento rural sustentável no município de Colatina, por meio de ações educacionais, via projetos de ensino, pesquisa e extensão. O escopo deste artigo apresenta reflexões acerca do processo educacional de formação voltada para atender o agricultor familiar e suas especificidades históricas, sociais e econômicas. Utilizamos uma abordagem qualitativa, com análises bibliográfica e documental. Entre as fontes de investigação, utilizamos legislações, portarias, decretos e referenciais teóricos sobre a Licenciatura em Ciências Agrícolas e a educação do campo nos movimentos sociais. Apoiamo-nos numa perspectiva sociológica de investigação e explicação dos processos sociais de participação dos sujeitos camponeses, enquanto seres históricos e culturais. O artigo está assim estruturado: apresentação do contexto histórico de criação da LICA, Campus Itapina; projetos de ensino, pesquisa e extensão implantados na LICA e, por último, uma análise da importância do curso para o desenvolvimento rural sustentável, em diálogo, com a educação do campo e a agricultura familiar. Os resultados alcançados mostram a importância de fomentar projetos, na interface com os sujeitos, individuais e coletivos, do campo, promovendo a criação de olhares reflexivos e críticos acerca da formação do educador.

Lei de Acesso à Informação e Repositórios Governamentais como instrumentos para um modelo aberto de governança

Objetivo: Analisa o papel dos repositórios governamentais, para o modelo aberto de governança que aproxima os cidadãos à gestão pública pelo acesso a informações, examinando a Lei de Acesso à Informação na perspectiva do governo aberto, bem como, os tipos de repositórios e suas contribuições, considerando o exemplo da Biblioteca Digital do Ministério da Mulher, Família e Direitos Humanos. Método: Adotar-se-á pesquisa quali-quantitativa, exploratória e bibliográfica. Resultado: Observa-se que os repositórios asseguram o direito fundamental de acesso à informação, pela utilização de ferramentas que promovam o efetivo acesso pelo cidadão. A Biblioteca Digital do Ministério da Mulher, da Família e dos Direitos Humanos, reúne toda documentação técnica, bem como, a produção de outras instituições, cuja utilização ocorre em formato aberto, proporcionando à sociedade o amplo uso, reúso, transformação, distribuição, redistribuição, compilação, extração, cópia, difusão, modificação e/ ou adaptação dos dados e informações de forma gratuita. Conclusões: A Lei de Acesso à Informação visa fortalecer o controle sobre a circulação de dados e informações permitindo um fluxo de caráter autêntico e integro dos mesmos para a efetivação de uma gestão transparente, salvo exceções da lei. Os repositórios digitais surgem como instrumento de garantia ao acesso e disseminação de informações aos cidadãos. O fortalecimento dos repositórios governamentais está intimamente ligado à promoção de um debate político informado, fornecendo aos cidadãos dados e informações que auxiliem na construção de sua participação nos processos sociais, assegurando-lhes o respeito às liberdades fundamentais como o acesso à informação, a dignidade da pessoa humana, e manutenção da memória institucional.

Áreas Naturales Protegidas como territorios en disputa: intereses, resistencias y acciones colectivas en la gestión compartida

Como en muchos países del mundo, el gobierno de México ha decretado en diversas regiones Áreas Naturales Protegidas (ANP) a fin de conservar los ecosistemas existentes. Sin embargo, el cumplimiento de los objetivos por los que fueron creadas estas áreas se ha visto limitado debido una visión predominantemente ecológica que no toma en consideración los intereses, la estructura y la cultura de los actores implicados; falencia que podría subsanarse a través de procesos de participación social y de una mayor inclusión en la toma de decisiones, ya que la ausencia de estos procesos ha contribuido a que surjan o se agraven conflictos socioambientales. Con base en resultados de diagnósticos participativos, cartografía social, entrevistas y recorridos participativos, analizamos el escenario complejo de intereses, resistencias y acciones colectivas en torno al ANP Archipiélago de Bosques y Selvas de la Región Capital del Estado de Veracruz, México, y esbozamos reflexiones sobre la gestión compartida del territorio y sobre esquemas de conservación para que éstos puedan ser social y ambientalmente justos. Argumentamos que la perspectiva de territorio permite un entendimiento más complejo de los actores e intereses implicados, lo cual resulta necesario para transformar conflictos desde la acción colectiva y para aportar a procesos socioambientales.

Hard return: the development and transformation process of social participation in stroke survivors; a qualitative study and initial theory

Objectives: Given the characteristic of high disability rates, the successful return of stroke patients to society is increasingly becoming a serious challenge. This study aimed developing a theory to reveal the development and transformation process of social participation among stroke survivors as a foundation for creating strategies to improve their social participation. Design: A constructivist grounded theory approach using data from in-depth semi-structure interviews. Setting: The settings were various, including the stroke follow-up clinic, rehabilitation institutions, subjects’ homes, park, work unit, and rest home in Shanghai, China. Subjects: In all, 36 stroke survivors who have passed through the acute phase and returned home participated in this study to share their experiences of social participation and processes of changes from September 2017 to January 2019. Results: A substantive theory on the development and transformation process of social participation among stroke survivors was generated, which included four process ingredients: “in-orbit,” “off-orbit,” “returning orbit,” and “in-orbit again.” The core concept “hard return” revealed not only the tough development process but also the unsatisfactory change results. Both participation abilities and participation willingness had an important impact on social participation and also played a significant role in driving its development. Conclusion: This study has identified the development process of social participation in stroke survivors and “hard-return” suggests not only the tough process but also unsatisfactory results. Interventions targeted process ingredients seem to be potentially promising to improve stroke survivors’ social function outcomes.

Інклюзивний розвиток: нова концепція чи оновлення концепції сталого розвитку?

The article substantiates that the concept of inclusive development was formed in the process of evolution of the concept of sustainable development, which remains dominant for civilizational development in the 21st century. The transition to the sustainable development model is permanent process; while its versions change as certain its components are set as priorities (economy, ecology, or social sphere). The goals of achieving equality and social justice were declared in the concept of sustainable development. The concept of inclusive development renews and enhances the socio-economic dimension of sustainable development. Inclusion is an area of compromise between the social and economic spheres of sustainable development. In addition to these areas, ecology, territorial inclusion, and inclusiveness between present and future generations should also be implemented. economic development is progress that benefits the whole population, so that everybody, thanks to active participation in social processes, enjoys benefits in various areas of his or her life. Creating conditions of solidarity, equal opportunities, access to resources, etc. is an important element of sustainable development strategies for all people. Appropriate institutions are a necessary but insufficient criterion for inclusion, as they should be matched by the behavior of every person in society. It is therefore important to create an environment of tolerance and solidarity for inclusion. Summarized key principles and international benchmarks for inclusive development. Modern strategies in the context of inclusive development are presented, which are developed and implemented in various countries: building a harmonious society (China), equal living conditions in the city and countryside (Germany), and enhancing corporate social responsibility of large business entities (France). Despite the obvious prevalence of positive effects, some ambiguities of inclusion are emphasized. As a means of providing access and development opportunities for citizens, including their broader involvement in economic activity, inclusion is quite costly, but one cannot disagree with the conclusion that the cost of exclusion and lost profits is even higher. The publication was prepared for the implementation of the R&D on Inclusive Rural Development in Ukraine (state registration No 0117U005465).

Teoretyczne inspiracje dla praktyki pracy socjalnej. Odniesienia do teorii uczestnictwa Karola Wojtyły

<p>Przedmiotem analizy podjętej w niniejszym artykule jest teoria uczestnictwa opracowana na gruncie dociekań filozoficznych. Jest to w szczególności teoria Karola Wojtyły. Autor ten, wpisując się w personalistyczną perspektywę oglądu rzeczywistości, integruje osobę i czyn jako fundament przedmiotowej teorii. Inspiracje dla praktyki pracy socjalnej wyłaniające się z toku analizy stanowią (w zamierzeniu tego artykułu) impuls do dalszej, samodzielnej refleksji o czynnikach warunkujących procesy uczestnictwa społecznego i współdziałania w przetwarzaniu rzeczywistości życia codziennego osób, rodzin, grup społecznych, społeczności lokalnych i całych społeczeństw. Zastosowane tu narzędzie ontologicznej analizy czynnikowej może być stosowane w podobnych projektach wydawniczych. Wymiernym efektem tego działania może być kreślenie nowych pól zainteresowania łączącego teorię z praktyką, nauki humanistyczne z naukami społecznymi, medycznymi, technicznymi itp. W obszarze pracy socjalnej, która nosi znamiona dyscypliny praktycznej, konieczne jest przekraczanie tradycyjnych granic dzielących poszczególne nauki i dystansujących osiągany na ich gruncie dorobek teoretyczny, badawczy czy metodyczny. Integralność i holizm są bowiem konieczne dla pełniejszego oglądu rzeczywistości, w której podejmowane są działania na rzecz przebudowy warunków życia ludzkiego w teraźniejszości i przyszłości.</p>

Developing a Serious Game That Supports the Resolution of Social and Ecological Problems in the Toolset Environment of Cities: Skylines

Game engines are not only capable of creating virtual worlds or providing entertainment, but also of modelling actual geographical space and producing solutions that support the process of social participation. This article presents an authorial concept of using the environment of Cities: Skylines and the C# programming language to automate the process of importing official topographic data into the game engine and developing a prototype of a serious game that supports solving social and ecological problems. The model—developed using digital topographic data, digital terrain models, and CityGML 3D models—enabled the creation of a prototype of a serious game, later endorsed by the residents of the municipality, local authorities, as well as the Ministry of Investment and Economic Development.

Turismo e Território no Município de Maragogi-AL, Brasil: Processo de Participação Social e o Desenvolvimento Local

Turismo e Território no Município de Maragogi-AL, Brasil: Processo de Participação Social e o Desenvolvimento Local

Social participation in the health technology incorporation process into Unified Health System.

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE To describe the current process of social participation in the incorporation of health technologies in Brazil, within the context of the Unified Health System (SUS).METHODS A descriptive study was conducted based on the analysis of official records of the actions of the National Committee for Health Technology Incorporation into Unified Health System and its website, from the beginning of its activities in January 2012 until December 2017.RESULTS The findings indicate that, in Brazil, there are legal instruments related to social participation in health, including the health technology assessment (HTA) field. However, its implementation is relatively recent and has been carried out gradually. In addition to the legal instruments (National Health Council representative, public consultation and public hearing forecast), other information and transparency strategies have been shown to be allied to social participation in the incorporation of health technologies. However, activities such as legally provided public hearings have not yet been carried out.CONCLUSIONS Several actions to foster social participation were developed over the analyzed period, but they need to be evaluated in order to maintain or improve them. In addition, there is a need for more qualified social participation in the various existing spaces, including those prescribed by law.

Book Review: Paradoxes in Social Work Practice: Mitigating Ethical Trespass

Author: Weinberg, Merlinda
 Name of Book: Paradoxes in Social Work: Mitigating Ethical Trespass
 Published: 2016
 Published By: Routledge
 Hardcover ISBN 978-1-4724-309-71
 Number of Pages: 179