Social Minority Research Articles

A study on early childhood teacher’s perception on children in social minority

목적 본 연구에서는 유아 교사들의 유아교육현장에서의 사회적 소수자에 대한 인식을 알아보고, 이를 토대로 유아 교사의 사회적 소수자에 대한 인식 개선을 위한 시사점을 도출하는데 목적이 있다. 방법 연구 참여자는 8명의 유아 교사로 눈덩이 표집방법으로 선정하였으며, 2019년 7월부터 9월까지 반구조화된 질문지로 심층 면담을 진행하였다. 자료 분석은 Glaser & Strauss(1967)의 분석적 귀납 방법을 근거로 개방적 코당을 활용하여, 개념의 명명화, 범주 배치, 범주 간의 재조합, 핵심범주 도출, 유형화 단계를 거쳐 분석하였다. 결과 유아교육 현장에서 유아 교사의 사회적 소수자에 대한 인식은 첫째, 유아 교사는 사회적 소수자를 보는 관점이 다양하여, 사회적 소수자를 도움을 줘야하는 보호대상이나 피하고 싶은 대상으로 상반된 인식을 가지고 있었다. 둘째, 유아 교사들은 자신도 상황에 따라 사회적 소수자일 수 있다는 경험이 소수자에 대한 인식에 변화를 가져왔다. 셋째, 유아 교사는 교육 현장에서의 경험을 통해 사회적 소수자에 대한 인식이 긍정적으로 변하였고, 사회적 소수자를 위한 활동을 할 때 보람을 가졌다. 넷째, 유아 교사는 유아교육 현장에서 사회적 소수자 지도에 따른 과잉 업무와 이들을 위한 지나친 배려의 역차별성 가능성을 지적하였다. 다섯째, 유아 교사들의 사회적 소수자에 대한 인식 개선을 위해서는 유아 교사들을 대상으로 하는 사회적 소수자 이해교육 강화, 부모와의 소통, 예비 유아 교사의 사회적 소수자에 대한 의무 교육 실시, 누리과정에서의 사회적 소수자 내용 보완, 사회적 소수자를 위한 사회적 지원을 필요로 하였다. 결론 유아 교사의 사회적 소수자에 대한 인식은 다양한 관점을 가지고 있었으나, 현장에서의 경험과 교육읕 통해서 긍정적으로 전환됨 볼 수 있었으며, 인식 개선 방안으로는 유아 교사의 사회적 소수자에 대한 지속적인 교육 강화와 사회적 소수자를 반영하는 누리과정 보완과 예비 유아 교사를 대상으로하는 사회적 소수자 교육이 필요함을 알 수 있었다.

Abstract 12208: Ecological Analysis of the Temporal Trends in the Association of Social Vulnerability and Race/Ethnicity With County-Level COVID-19 Incidence and Outcomes in the United States

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic adversely affected socially vulnerable and minority communities in the US initially, but the temporal trends during the year-long pandemic remain unknown. Objective: We examined temporal association between county-level Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), a percentile-based measure of social vulnerability to disasters, its subcomponents and race/ethnic composition with COVID-19 incidence and mortality in US in the year starting in March 2020. Methods: Counties (n=3091) with > 50 COVID-19 cases by March 6th, 2021 were included. Associations between SVI (and its subcomponents) and county level racial composition with incidence and death per capita were assessed using a negative-binomial mixed-effects model. This model was used to examine potential time varying associations between weekly number of cases/deaths and SVI or racial composition. Data was adjusted for percentage of population aged ≥65 years, state level testing rate, county-level comorbidities, and environmental factors. Results: Higher SVI, indicative of greater social vulnerability, was independently associated with higher COVID-19 incidence (adjusted incidence rate ratio [IRR] per-10 percentile increase:1.02, (95% CI 1.02, 1.03, p<0.001), and death per capita (1.04, (95% CI 1.04, 1.05, p<0.001). SVI became an independent predictor of incidence starting from March 2020, but this association became weak or insignificant by winter, a period that coincided with sharp increase in infection rates and mortality, and when counties with higher proportion of White residents were disproportionately represented (“third wave”). By Spring 2021, SVI was again a predictor of COVID-19 outcomes. Counties with greater proportion of Blacks also observed similar temporal trends in COVID-19-related adverse outcomes. Counties with greater proportion of Hispanics had worse outcomes throughout the duration of the analysis. Conclusion: Except for winter “third wave” when majority White communities had highest incidence of cases, counties with greater social vulnerability and higher minority populations, experienced worse COVID-19 outcomes.

Magic on Wheels: A Study of Re-engagement, Re-enactment and Re-staging the Stereotypes of Performativity and Performance of Persons with Disabilities in the Choreography of Syed Sallauddin Pasha

Amidst society’s segregation of the people among minorities on the basis of gender, race, caste and creed, it is difficult to locate the position of another extreme social minority, i.e. persons with disabilities. But the turn of the century has validated some art and activism performed by persons with disabilities due to which the disabled have marked their position in literature, film and media to some extent, yet they have not secured a position of dignity in the mainstream. To make disabled people visible, Syed Sallauddin Pasha (the father of Indian dance therapy for persons with disabilities) initiates his own Natya Shastra i.e. Classical Wheelchair Dances for differently-abled artists. Drawing upon Syed Sallauddin Pasha’s therapeutic dance choreography, the present paper studies performance arts in the context of differently-abled people, and for this, the paper explores the intersection of Performance Studies and Disability Studies. In performing arts (or dance in particular), the body is the medium of representation, likewise, the body defines the identity in the context of disabled people. Therefore, the paper by studying the intersection of Disability Studies and Performance Studies, explores the stereotypes related to the body by scrutinising the disabled dance bodies on the stage. The paper further attempts to explore the idea of accessibility for persons with disabilities by taking into account the assistive devices and accessible architecture. The study then goes into an analysis of spectators’ response, stare and gaze towards disability dance performances. In a broader context, the paper offers to scrutinise the negative stereotypes attached to disability and disabled dancing bodies on stage by exploring the nuances in Syed Sallauddin Pasha’s choreography.

Treatment compliance and risk and protective factors for suicide ideation to completed suicide in adolescents: a systematic review.

Objective:To review the literature regarding adolescent suicide risk and explore the associations between treatment compliance (expressed as a concept including measured adherence to treatment and/or mental health service utilization) and risk and protective factors for suicidal behavior (SB), as well as the association between treatment compliance and reattempts.Methods:PubMed, LILACS, and Google Scholar were searched using the following terms: (adolescent*) AND (suicide*) AND (risk factor OR protective factors) AND (treatment compliance OR treatment attrition OR treatment adherence OR treatment drop out OR treatment retention OR mental health utilization). We retrieved studies that focused on the relation of treatment compliance to risk and protective factors for SB and that had only adolescent samples.Results:Of 4,841 articles, 30 original articles were selected for review. Most studies indicated high mental health service (MHS) utilization and poor treatment adherence by SB patients. Social minority status and conduct disorder were associated with less treatment adherence, while female sex, parental perceived need for treatment, and major depression were associated with greater treatment adherence. Inpatient and intensive emergency care after SA and family interventions improved MHS utilization and treatment compliance. However, we found no substantial protective effect of treatment compliance against reattempts.Conclusion:Effective treatment planning for compliance requires considering psychopathology, treatment planning, and social, familial, and individual factors.

Living as immigrant in Germany: an analysis of civil society organizations leaders’ perspectives

Purpose Immigration is considered a stressful process that causes many problems such as social isolation, prejudice, unemployment, minority status and intergenerational tensions. This study aims to determine the opinions of the leaders of Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) in Germany about the experiences of individuals who immigrated from Turkey to Germany. Design/methodology/approach In this study, a qualitative method was used. This study was conducted between April and May 2014 with leaders of CSOs who were living in Germany. Informed consent forms were signed by all the participants. Purposeful sampling was used to select the leaders of CSOs to be included in the sample. In-depth interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview format. The data reached saturation for the 30 leaders of CSOs. The data were collected through in-depth interviews and evaluated through thematic analysis. Findings Four main themes were identified: “Difficulties experienced”, “Recommendations to cope with/solve the difficulties experienced,” “Medical tourism” and “Use of health services.” Research limitations/implications This study has some limitations that should be taken into consideration during the interpretation of the results. A majority of the leaders of CSOs had bachelor’s degrees, and were middle-aged and older, which might affect the variety required in qualitative studies. Thus, it remains unclear whether the results could be generalized to all Turkish immigrants in Germany. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first qualitative study conducted with different Turkish CSO leaders living in Germany. This study outlines perspectives of CSO leaders’ migration-related challenges that Turkish immigrants struggle with to integrate into German societies. As a consequence, Turkish immigrants’ socio-cultural values, beliefs, difficulties they experienced, and legal rights should be taken into consideration in health care and tourism interactions. Possible found experiences could help to provide evidence on how to improve migrants’ situations.

‘The World Is Very Competitive and Cruel, You Won’t Get Any Special Treatment’: Social Work and Youth Policy Discourses in the Neoliberal Era

Abstract Young people from ethnic minority groups are at the centre of public concern in modern societies. This article presents the findings of a qualitative study that critically examines the discourses of thirty-three social workers who work with young people of Ethiopian ethnic origin in Israel. The findings reveal three key discourses: the social inclusion discourse, the meritocracy discourse and the social conflict discourse. Alongside the dominance of conservative discourses and neoliberal perceptions of youth and sociocultural group relationships, the findings reveal the existence of a competing critical discourse. The discussion offers a critical and contextual analysis of the field of social work with youth as the basis for a renewed discussion of basic assumptions, values, professional role perceptions and work directions. It notes the critical models that recognise and oppose oppression as an alternative to policymaking, training and practice processes regarding young people from social minority groups.

Социокультурное пространство Берлина в романе В. Набокова «Дар»

The paper analyzes techniques of contrasting the loci of “German” and “emigrant” Berlin (opposition “center–periphery”), ways of representing the images of native Germans and Russians, variants how immigrants “domesticate” socio-cultural space being alien to them (nominating loci “in Russian way”; consciousness transformation of foreign space into own one due to its cultural and linguistic content, etc.). Fedor sees the images of Germans as depersonalized but emigrants as individualized. Native Berliners are perceived as a less cultured nation, yet seamlessly integrated into the sociocultural landscape of their native city. Exiles from Russia occupy a “marginal” place in the geography of the city and the social hierarchy of the European capital while standing out in contrast in the space of Berlin (appearance, speech). Overcoming social minority is refusing integration and trying to preserve cultural identity (language, literature, art, social connections, and authority among Russian writers and scientists) in a foreign country. The “alien” socio-cultural space of Berlin has twofold semantics: first – mortality and non-genuineness and second – a creative cradle. It encourages Fedor to rethink his memories of childhood, family, and father and sets the vector for personal and creative development. Berlin embodies a “foreign,” “hostile,” “uncomfortable” space but helps to strengthen the values laid down in childhood and survive in exile, which is existentially meaningful. External restrictions contribute to the birth of internal freedom, allowing the hero to rise above social smallness, preserve his own dignity, determine the choice of authorities, and Express his own views in love and creativity.

Victimization of LGBT Community in India

After the decision of Hon’ble Supreme Court in Suresh Kumar Kaushal v. Naz Foundation where court set aside the order of High Court by terming same section relationship illegal court focuses its idea by saying that Section 377 does not violate Article 14, 19 and 21. Through this research, researcher will trying to analyze the effectiveness of section 377, how is it being implemented on ground level, various issues and challenges faced by LGBT’s faced in India despite of certain laws in their favor and give some recommendations for better implementation of laws and protection of gay-rights as human rights if needed. LGBT has become a widely accepted designation for minorities based on sexual and gender orientation. All members of these subgroups are subject to similar prejudices rooted in beliefs and traditions about sexuality and gender. LGBT people, as members of a social minority group, are suffering from various forms of socio-economic and cultural injustice. The lacks of social recognition has an effect on the capacity of LGBT people to fully access and enjoy their rights as citizens. They are more likely to experience intolerance, discrimination, harassment, and the threat of violence due to their sexual orientation, than those that identify themselves as heterosexual. Highlighting some major problems faced by LGBT people in India is the theme of this article.

A Study on the Korea Welfare Programs for the Social Minority : Focusing on the Welfare Programs by Regions

A Study on the Korea Welfare Programs for the Social Minority : Focusing on the Welfare Programs by Regions

The Loser Syndrome – universality of the strategy of defense of discriminated groups

If one assumes, like Mayer Hacker, that a social minority is a group of people who, because of their physical or cultural characteristics, are not treated as equal to other groups in a given society, then it turns out that many groups meet these criteria. In the prison subculture they are met by „losers,” in the macro-social space – by all minority groups such as national, ethnic, racial minorities, but also women and some religious minorities. It is surprising that although these groups often have comparable numerical, physical, or intellectual strength to that of the mainstream group, they are unable to obtain equal treatment, respect, and all the privileges that this entails. This is probably due to a number of factors, including tradition, cultural capital, resources, and culturally established institutions promoting specific social groups. However, an equally important determinant is the own activity of individuals forming a minority group, and their ability to integrate and consolidate with their own group. Among others, the following contribute to this: lack of intra-group solidarity, orientation towards the dominant group, excessive guilt, contempt for one’s own group etc. The article deals with the barriers inherent in the minority groups themselves, which contribute significantly to the consolidation of their unfavorable status. The size and scale of these barriers contribute to the status that I call the loser syndrome. It is also important that the factors limiting the expansion of minority groups are similar in most minority groups. They are characterized by a certain universality.

MARIELLE FRANCO

Teoricamente o Estado é responsável por garantir a vida e também pela inclusão de cidadãos que nele habitam; em contrapartida, na prática, observa-se que também é ele o responsável por gerar mortes em grande quantidade. No ano de 2020, os assassinatos da vereadora ativista dos direitos humanos Marielle Franco e de seu motorista Anderson Gomes completam dois anos. Em honra à suas memórias e na tentativa de entender o caso a partir de uma perspectiva sociopolítica, o presente trabalho tem a intenção de analisar a maneira como estas execuções denunciam a crueldade da política de promoção da morte - necropolítica - e as vulnerabilidades vivenciadas por populações marginalizadas e/ou adjetivadas por minoria social. Nesta perspectiva, desenvolvemos este estudo abordando brevemente a colonização enquanto estrutura da violência racial do Estado, já que as tecnologias necropolíticas são desenvolvidas visando desestabilizar corpos pretos com vistas a perpetuar a supremacia branca e hegemônica. Sendo assim, utilizamos a análise do discurso como metodologia e consideramos que a execução da vereadora Marielle Franco e seu motorista Anderson Gomes reforçam o incomodo da elite, com a ascensão social de grupos marginalizados, bem como evidenciam as violências cometidas contra sujeitos que historicamente denunciam as atrocidades cometidas a esses condenados da terra e/ou oprimidos.

Itália e Brasil em isolamento

Para a infância e as crianças, sobretudo as pequenas, o isolamento e seu silenciamento são constantemente prescritos, dada sua condição de minoria social, algo que é ampliado em momentos de crise. Isso ocorreu na crise pandêmica, as crianças da Itália e do Brasil foram isoladas e, tanto aqui como lá, as escolas de educação infantil foram fechadas. A partir de dados documentais e da produção acadêmica, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um panorama deste momento e as diferenças entre os procedimentos adotados nos dois países, considerando o sistema italiano de Early childhood education and care (ECEC) e a educação infantil brasileira.

Tackling Social Problems in Branches Muhammadiyah Gedangan

The purpose of this study was to determine social problems in the Muhammadiyah branch of Gedangan and its remedies, and to find out the history of the establishment of the Muhammadiyah branch in Gedangan. This research is a descriptive qualitative research through interviews and direct observations on the head of the Muhammadiyah branch of Gedangan. Based on the results of research on social problems in the Muhammadiyah Gedangan branch along with the history of the establishment of the Muhammadiyah Gedangan branch, it was founded in 1990 until now. The social problem in the Muhammadiyah Gedangan branch is that it only has one business charity in the field of education, on the side of life the education sector stands out among minority communities, as a result there are various kinds of social problems, namely experiencing a lack of students and the impact from the economic side, and from the side the life of the minority community is very influential, because many residents do not want to enroll their children in the school. As a result of the impact of social minority problems, many people think that the school is only for Muhammadiyah people and the cost is expensive.

North Koreans in South Korea and Beyond: Transnational Migration and Contested Nationhood

This article examines the differentiated identities of North Koreans in South Korea and beyond in terms of transnational migration and contested nationhood. In the post-Cold War era, North Koreans in South Korea have been marginalised as a social minority, and comprise a subaltern group within South Korea, despite having South Korean citizenship. As a result, many North Korean refugees, including those who have already gained South Korean citizenship, have migrated to Western countries for a better life in terms of wealth and welfare. As active agents, they have pursued strategic lives in the host countries’ multicultural societies and Korean communities. Through complex transnational migration to South Korea and elsewhere, North Koreans have reformulated nationhood by contesting the idea of a “homogeneous nation” of Korea. This article focuses on how North Koreans have shaped their own Koreanness in the multicultural societies of the United States and the United Kingdom as well as in the hierarchical nationhood of South Korea. By doing so, it offers an alternative framework for looking at the multifarious identities of North Korean refugees globally.

Creation and utility of 'Boston Minority Genetic Counselors'.

The genetic counseling profession began shortly after the Civil Rights Movement, before effective strategies for inclusion of racial minorities had emerged. Given the historical context of the field and the continued lack of diversity in the professional body, inclusion among genetic counselors of social minority backgrounds is important to examine and address. A group of genetic counselors in the Boston area with social minority backgrounds initiated the Boston Minority Genetic Counselors (BMGC) group to bolster interconnection and support for themselves and their local genetic counselors and trainees of social minority backgrounds. In this paper, we describe the formation of the BMGC and its ongoing work. Future directions include using the BMGC model and/or that of similar organizations, such as the Minority Genetic Professionals Network, as a template to create similar genetic counseling groups that provide support around topics of social minority identities and promote sentiments of inclusion across the profession.

'I never realised everybody felt as happy as I do when I am around autistic people': A thematic analysis of autistic adults' relationships with autistic and neurotypical friends and family.

Many autistic people are motivated to have friends, relationships and close family bonds, despite the clinical characterisation of autism as a condition negatively affecting social interaction. Many first-hand accounts of autistic people describe feelings of comfort and ease specifically with other autistic people. This qualitative research explored and contrasted autistic experiences of spending social time with neurotypical and autistic friends and family. In total, 12 autistic adults (10 females, aged 21–51) completed semi-structured interviews focused on time spent with friends and family; positive and negative aspects of time spent with neurotypical and autistic friends and family; and feelings during and after spending time together. Three themes were identified: cross-neurotype understanding, minority status and belonging. Investigation of these themes reveals the benefits of autistic people creating and maintaining social relationships with other autistic people, in a more systematic way than previous individual reports. They highlight the need for autistic-led social opportunities and indicate benefits of informal peer support for autistic adults.Lay abstractAlthough autistic people may struggle to interact with others, many autistic people have said they find interacting with other autistic people more comfortable. To find out whether this was a common experience, we did hour-long interviews with 12 autistic adults. We asked them questions about how it feels when spending time with their friends and family, and whether it felt different depending on whether the friends and family were autistic or neurotypical. We analysed the interviews and found three common themes in what our participants said. First, they found spending with other autistic people easier and more comfortable than spending time with neurotypical people, and felt they were better understood by other autistic people. Second, autistic people often felt they were in a social minority, and in order to spend time with neurotypical friends and family, they had to conform with what the neurotypical people wanted and were used to. Third, autistic people felt like they belonged with other autistic people and that they could be themselves around them. These findings show that having time with autistic friends and family can be very beneficial for autistic people and played an important role in a happy social life.

Vegetarianism as a social identity

Food choice can be a way for people to express their ideals and identities. In particular, for those who identify as vegetarian, this label is more than just a set of dietary preferences. Choosing to follow a plant-based diet shapes one’s personal and social identity and is likely to influence a person’s values, attitudes, beliefs, and well-being. The available data suggest that vegetarians are more pro-social than omnivores and tend to have more liberal political views. Nevertheless, vegetarians do not appear to be as well-adjusted as omnivores, which may be the result of their status as a social minority. Despite the attention vegetarianism has received, more research is needed to understand the antecedents, correlates, consequences, and socio-cultural contexts of vegetarianism.

PUNCHING UP OR TURNING AWAY? WHEN PALESTINIANS UNFRIEND JEWS IN ISRAEL

We present the first study of Facebook unfriending in the context of the relations between a social minority and majority. We conducted in-depth interviews with 20 ‘48 Palestinians (Palestinian citizens of Israel) that explored their unfriending of Jewish Israeli Facebook friends. Nearly all of the interviewees reported unfriending a Jewish Israeli against a background of racist hate speech. For the more politically-oriented interviewees, unfriending was a kind of punching up, an expression of power in a context where they are structurally disadvantaged. These interviewees reported more positive feelings about the act of unfriending (e.g. relief) and active feelings about the behavior that caused the unfriending (especially anger). Politically inactive interviewees showed more negative and passive feelings (disappointment in their Jewish Facebook friends, and fear). For them, unfriending was more like walking away from troubling interactions (because of anti-Arab racism), or withdrawing from social surveillance that could lead to trouble with employers or their college/university. Where dyadic pairs on Facebook enjoy more or less equal social standing, then there may be something to Facebook’s belief that connecting people across the world can improve cross-cultural understanding. However, when one social group enjoys power over another, it would seem that the positive potential of online ties is limited. This study thus sheds new light on online tie management in the context of structural inequality.

Social Identification, Minority Dissent and Team Innovation

Organizational teams have the capacity to address complex and multifaceted problems through innovative solutions, but their capacity to innovate is far from guaranteed. The quest to address this di...

Polarized embrace: South Korean media coverage of human rights, 1990–2016

Past studies of human rights discourse have centralized civil and political rights over other types of rights, and have thus yielded a biased understanding of how human rights have evolved. This scholarship has also neglected the role of the political slant of reporting agencies in framing topics and issues covering human rights. This study offers new theoretical and analytical solutions to such limits by analyzing a newly compiled data corpus comprising 101,689 South Korean newspaper articles—both right- and left-leaning—referencing the term “human rights.” The analysis of the data led us to reach three conclusions. First, South Korean media coverage demonstrates that human rights as a cultural symbol expanded tremendously in the country during the 1990s and 2000s. Second, there was an a significant degree of shift among multiple categories and topics of human rights during 26 years of that period. Initially, civil and political rights dominated, but then gradually receded as economic, social, cultural, and social minority rights moved to the forefront. Third, we found substantial variation in categories and topics of attention between conservative and progressive news sources; that is, progressive news sources allocated substantially more discussion to diverse categories and topics than their conservative counterparts. These core findings lend support to imagery of a polarized embrace in which human rights are diffused yet in a highly polarized manner.