Social-economic Characteristics Research Articles

감염병에 따른 주거점유형태별 주거만족도 영향 분석

This study aims to verify whether there is a difference in housing satisfaction among residents of Korea’s largest Apartment Complex by residential occupancy type before and after COVID-19. As a result of the analysis, the satisfaction level of owner-occupiers was high. In detail, the satisfaction of owner-occupiers was high with the tangible factors such as physical characteristics, location characteristics, and management characteristics, and the satisfaction of renter residents was high with the intangible factors such as social characteristics, economic characteristics, and online information service characteristics. In other words, it can be seen that owner-occupiers place importance on the living environment and management, while renter residents place importance on the convenience of using the surrounding environment. The impact of residential environment characteristics of owner-occupiers on housing satisfaction before and after COVID-19 was significant in physical characteristics, location characteristics, and management characteristics. In the case of renter residents, physical characteristics and location characteristic were significant before COVID-19 and online information service characteristics was significant after COVID-19. In this way, since the type of residential occupancy affects satisfaction even in the same residential environment, it is judged that differentiated housing policies with appropriate selection and concentration are necessary.

Contribution of Wildlife-based Tourism to Household Income and Income Inequality: A Case of Burunge Wildlife Management Area in Tanzania

This study investigates the contribution of wildlife-based tourism to household income, employment, and income inequality in villages surrounding Burunge WMA. The study used cross-sectional design, focusing on four villages namely Olasiti, Mwada, Minjingu and Sangaiwe. Primary data collection involved a household survey that covered 272 randomly selected households. The questionnaire addressed issues of household social-economic characteristics, main income-generating activities and tourism-related employment. The study employed the Gini coefficient to measure income inequality. The study reveals that wildlife-based tourism provides income opportunities at household level but its contribution to the overall household income is low because only about 15% of sampled households depended on wildlife-based tourism as their main source of income. Agriculture and livestock activities overshadow tourism-related income sources, contributing to significant income inequality within the tourism sector. Recommendations for enhancing economic impact of wildlife based tourism include awareness creation, supporting existing investors, providing targeted sector support, income distribution and encouraging income source diversification.

Abstract PO3-22-03: Effect of Radiation Therapy on Survival Outcomes in Elderly ER/PR Positive AJCC Stage T1 Breast Cancer Patients

Abstract Background: The CALGB 9343 study in 2004 reported that women >70 years of age with pT1NO hormone receptor positive breast cancer received no meaningful benefit from breast irradiation following lumpectomy. The effectiveness of adjuvant radiation therapy in node negative, T1 tumor patients has been limited to institutional experiences with relatively lack of information in population-based studies. In this hospital-based study using National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) from 2004 to 2020, we report on adjuvant radiation therapy (XRT) usage and the survival outcomes in stage IA, IB, IC breast cancer patients who received XRT versus those who did not. Materials and Methods: Patients in the National Cancer Database (NCDB) who were registered between 2004 and 2019 and followed up to the end of 2020 were used in this research. We evaluated a cohort of 126,156 female breast cancer patients of age >= 70 years with the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage TIA, TIB, and TIC. All patients were ER/PR positive, received hormonal therapy, all patients were either white or black, were either privately or Medicare insured, received hormonal therapy, and patients were receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy or not. Radiation statuses were grouped as no radiation, radiation only and/or radiation with boost. Other adjusted variables included: age, race, Charlson comorbidity index, payer status, income, education, distance traveled, diagnosing/treating facility, location of treatment and treatment delay. SAS for Windows 9.4 was used for all data management and statistical analysis. Multivariate Cox regression was used to assess the effect of the XRT on overall survival while adjusting for other factors. All p-values < 0.05 or 95% Confidence Limits of Hazards Ratio (HR) does not include 1 were considered statistically significant. Results: Among 126,156 female breast cancer patients, the age distribution was 47.87%, 31.72%, and 20.4% for age group of 70-74, 75-79, 80 or older, respectively. Ninety-three percent of patients were white. 89% of patients were Medicare and 11% were privately insured at diagnosis. 21% of patient were with the Charlson Comorbidity index score 1 or above. 10.77%, 34.42% and 54.81% of patients were AJCC Stage T1A, T1B, and T1C respectively. 11.7% of patients received chemotherapy and 57.9% of patients received radiation therapy. 54.38%, 59.59%, and 57.59% of T1a, T1b, and T1c patients received the XRT, respectively. In univariate analysis, the XRT demonstrated a statistically significant increase of 10-year survival by 9.75%, 9.8%, and 12.6% in T1a, T1b, and T1c (all p < 0.0001) patients respectfully. In multivariate cox regression analysis, age was a predictor of survival outcome with a HR at 1.65, 3.02 for 75-79, and 80 or older as compared to 70-74 years old, respectively. In addition, compared to patients who traveled less than 20 miles, the HR were 0.90 for patients travelled more than 20 miles. AJCC stage was also associated the survival, a HR of 1.05 (95% CI: 1.01-1.186) for T1b, 1.16 (95% CI: 1.11 – 1.21) for T1c as compared for T1a. Adjusting for other factors, the usage of radiation reduced the risk of dying by 25% (HR=0.75, 95% CI: 0.73-0.77) when compared to no radiation therapy. Conclusion: The current study has demonstrated that more than 54% of these patients received radiation therapy. In univariate analysis, the benefit of adjuvant radiation therapy is more than 9.7% for T1a, T1b, and T1c on 10-year overall survival which is statistically significant. Adjusting for other factors, patients receiving radiation therapy in these elderly population have a 25% less chance of dying as compared to no radiation therapy regardless of AJCC Stage. A further propensity score matching method would help assess the effectiveness of radiation therapy on these patients’ population. A randomized prospective clinical trial would be better to define the precise benefit of adjuvant radiation therapy in this elderly population. Table 1 Patients Demographic, Social Economic and Clinical Characteristics XX- XX Table 3 Hazard Ratios estimate from Multivariate Cox Regression XX- XX Radiation Effect on Overall Survival of Elderly Breast Cancer Patients by Stage T1A, T1B, T1C XX- XX Citation Format: Runhua Shi, Gary Burton. Effect of Radiation Therapy on Survival Outcomes in Elderly ER/PR Positive AJCC Stage T1 Breast Cancer Patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO3-22-03.

Exposure to Stress and Burnout Syndrome in Healthcare Workers, Expert Workers, Professional Associates, and Associates in Social Service Institutions.

Background and Objectives: Workplace burnout syndrome is often as sociated with particular aspects of certain job positions, especially those that entail working with people with special needs. The burnout syndrome in healthcare jobs is a serious problem that has grown into an epidemic among healthcare workers and associates. The aim of this research is to assess the presence of stress and burnout syndrome at work with healthcare workers, expert workers, professional associates, and associates in social service institutions in Belgrade. Materials and Methods: This research was conducted in the form of a cross-sectional study of a representative sample in social institutions in Belgrade. It was conducted from March to the end of June of 2023. The sample of the study had 491 participants. The questionnaires used were a structured instrument with social-demographic and social-economic characteristics, workplace characteristics, lifestyle characteristics, and the following questionnaires: DASS-21, Copenhagen, Brief Resilience Scale, and Brief Resilient Coping Scale. Results: The end results indicate the following to be significant risk factors for the occurrence of workplace burnout syndrome: overtime (OR = 2.62; CI = 1.50-4.56), BRS average score (OR = 0.28; CI = 0.17-0.44), DASS21 D heightened depression (OR = 2.09; CI = 1.1-4.04), DASS21 A heightened anxiety (OR = 2.38; CI = 1.34-4.21), and DASS21 S heightened stress (OR = 2.08; CI = 1.11-3.89). The only protective risk factor that stood out was the self-assessment of health levels (OR = 0.60; CI = 0.42-0.85). Conclusion: Overtime is a significant factor associated with workplace burnout. Apart from it, other significant factors associated with workplace burnout were heightened depression, anxiety, and stress levels.

Epidemiological distribution of mosaic loss of chromosome Y in adult men in 10 areas in China and its prospective association with lung cancer

Objective: To detect the prevalence of mosaic loss of chromosome Y in adult men in ten study areas in China, describe the epidemiological distribution of mosaic loss of chromosome Y (mLOY) carriers and assess its prospective association with lung cancer. Methods: Based on the data from baseline survey, genetic analysis and follow-up (as of December 31, 2018) from China Kadoorie Biobank, we used Mosaic Chromosomal Alterations pipeline to detect mLOY carriers in 10 areas in China and described the epidemiological characteristics of mLOY carriers in adult men, including age, area distribution, lifestyle and disease history. We used multivariate logistic regression model to identify the potential relevant factor of mLOY. Cox proportional hazard regression model was fitted to assess the prospective association of mLOY with lung cancer. Stratification analysis were conducted to evaluate the potential modification effects of smoking and age. We also conducted mediation analysis to assess the mediating effect of mLOY in the association between smoking and lung cancer. Results: A total of 42 859 adult men were included in our analysis, in whom 2 458 mLOY carriers were detected (5.7%). The detection rate increased with age (P<0.05). The detection rate was higher in urban area (7.3%±0.2%) than that in rural area (4.7%±0.1%). The results of logistic regression analysis indicated that smoking might be a risk factor for the detection of mLOY (OR=1.49, 95%CI:1.36-1.64). After follow-up for average 11.1 years, 1 041 lung cancer cases were observed. The prospective analysis showed that mLOY carriers had an increased risk for lung cancer by 24% compared with non-mLOY carriers (HR=1.24, 95%CI:1.01-1.52) and expanded mLOY carriers (mLOY cell proportion ≥10%) had an increased risk for lung cancer by 50% (HR=1.50, 95%CI:1.13-2.00). Stratification analysis showed no modification effects of smoking and age in the association between mLOY and lung cancer (interaction P>0.05). Mediation analysis showed that mLOY could be a mediating factor in the association between smoking and lung cancer, the estimated effect was 0.09 (0.01-0.17). Conclusions: There were significant differences in the detection rate of mLOY in adult men with different social-economic characteristics and lifestyles in ten areas in China. Besides, mLOY carriers, especially expanded mLOY carriers, had increased risk for lung cancer and mLOY might be a mediating factor in the association between smoking and lung cancer.

Chinese Consumers’ Attitudes Toward Certified Wood Products

Abstract While environmental nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) have been active in China in promoting forest certification, Chinese consumers’ perceptions of certified wood products in the marketplace are unclear. A survey focused on consumers’ wood-product consumption patterns was conducted in three cities—Beijing, Guangzhou, and Shanghai—from July to August 2015. This study used data from the survey to assess urban Chinese consumers’ attitudes toward certified wood products and the demographic differences affecting these attitudes. Regression analysis was conducted to test whether consumers’ social-economic characteristics link with their attitudes toward certified wood. We found mixed correlations between these consumers’ attitudes and their demographics and positive correlations between their attitudes and exposure to environmental campaigns and environmental education. The results from this study will improve the understanding of Chinese consumers’ attitudes toward certified wood products and help producers and marketers better understand the market potential for certified products and more efficiently meet consumers’ needs. This study will also help NGOs interested in conservation to develop their future programs in China.

FEATURES OF EXPERIENCE AND COPING BEHAVIOR OF PARENTS OF CHILDREN WITH CANCER

The results of the study presented in the article aimed at finding out and empirically investigating the psychological factors of the experiences and coping behavior of parents of children with cancer. The sample includes parents of children with cancer who were treated at the National Cancer Institute of the Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine and the Dacha Rehabilitation Center (Kyiv). Number of respondents - 61 person, 58 women (95.1%) and 3 men (4.9%), average age - 38.21 years; used tools: method "SAN" (modification of V. Doskin), method "Self-assessment of emotional states" (A. Wessman, D. Ricks), author's questionnaire to identify objective components of the situation associated with cancer in children; test "Strategies of overcoming behavior" (R. Lazarus, adapted by L. Wasserman and E. Trifonova); G. Eisenko's personal questionnaire (edited by A. Shmelev and V. Pokhilko) and the Test of Meaningful Life Orientations (adapted by D. Leontiev). SPSS 17.0 Statistics for Windows software package was used for statistical processing of the obtained results. It was found that the current emotional state of the subjects is relatively safe, but unstable; the situation is assessed by them as moderately positive. Aggravating factors in assessing the causes of the disease are fatalism and admission of guilt. The structure of coping behavior revealed the average level of representation of almost all types of coping and its weak differentiation, which indicates the lack of a clear coping model. It is concluded that the experiences and coping behavior of adults in an uncertain situation are closely related and due to a number of objective factors of the situation, correlate with the subjective characteristics and personal characteristics of its participants. Some objective characteristics of the situation and social-economic characteristics of its participants have some influence on the current emotional state and are partly related to the interpretation of the causes of the disease and the attitude to the disease as fate; aggravating factors of experience in assessing the causes of the disease are fatalism and admission of guilt, along with objective reasons; the greatest influence of the studied objective factors on the perception and assessment of the situation and/or the choice of coping strategies has an existence of hobby. Those relatives who use the coping strategy "Escape ‒ avoidance" need the most psychological help - its actualization correlates with a negative emotional state.

The Influence of Financial Literacy and Financial Interest on The Financial risk Tolerance of Investor in Indonesia

Objective: This study examines the effect of financial literacy and interest on financial risk tolerance. This research is to find out investors' knowledge in investment and also to find out whether investors keep up with news about investment so that it affects the purchase of financial products. Theoretical framework: Every decision that investors make involves financial risk. The amount of tolerance that develops is a critical factor influencing investment decisions and the usage of funds in the capital market. Financial literacy plays a role in demonstrating investor behavior while making investment selections, which might influence financial risk tolerance results. Financial interest indicates how much investors want to be involved in investing. Thus it is vital to understand how much financial risk particular investors are willing to accept. Demographic and socioeconomic variables are investor personality features that can make each investor stand out while making investing decisions. Methods: This research uses a quantitative approach by distributing questionnaires to a sample of experienced investors in Indonesia. Primary data for the study and analysis is collected through a structured questionnaire. The total number of respondents in this study was 184 eligible respondents.Financial risk tolerance as the dependent variable is influenced by independent variables, namely financial literacy and financial interest. There are control variables, namely demographic and social-economic characteristics like age and income. The analysis method used is Structural Equation Modeling analysis. Result &amp; Conclusion: The results are that financial literacy does not affect financial risk tolerance, financial interest affects financial risk tolerance, and age and income do not affect financial risk tolerance. These results show that every investor's interest in emerging news can help investors in choosing investments and planning finances Implications of the research: Based on the results of the research and discussion that has been carried out, financial literacy, age, and income do not affect the financial risk tolerance of individual investors in Indonesia. In contrast, financial interest has a significant positive effect on the financial risk tolerance of individual investors in Indonesia. Future research can investigate investor personality and investor interest in financial well-being. Originality/value: Research on financial behavior is new in Indonesia, especially during a pandemic when many investors in Indonesia are jumping on the financial investment bandwagon. For this reason, this research has originality value in terms of knowing the demographics of Indonesian investors, financial literacy, and financial interest in financial risk tolerance.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EXTENT OF ADOPTION OF JUTE HYV AND SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FARMERS

The Assam Agricultural University, in collaboration with RARS, Shillongani, has introduced high yielding varieties (HYV) of jute to farmers to double their incomes. So, this study was carried out to ascertain the relationship between extent of adoption of High Yielding Jute Verities and their associated practices with Social Economic and Psychological characteristics of the farmers of Nagaon District. Thus, Nagaon sub-division was purposively selected for the study with a dependent variable ‘Extent of Adoption’ and 16 independent variables categorized in different factors viz. socio-economic, personal, communication, and socio-psychological etc. 120 farmers were selected for the study. Interviews were conducted using a pretested schedule, and data was analysed by Chi-Square test, Karl Pearson’ Co-efficient of Correlation and Multiple Regression Analysis. The study revealed that operational land holding, area under jute crop, annual income, extension contact, economic motivation and knowledge level on HYV jute cultivation were found positive and significant relationship with the extent of adoption and accordingly educational level, family type, farming experience, farm machinery and equipment’s, training exposure of the farmers had significant association with extent of adoption of HYV jute varieties. Together, the 16 variables contributed 54.20 % to variation in extent of adoption of high yielding jute varieties.

Lung Cancer Patients’ and Caregivers’ Satisfaction With Multidisciplinary Versus Serial Care in a Community Healthcare Setting: A Prospective Comparative-Effectiveness Cohort Study

BackgroundMultidisciplinary Care is recommended for complex oncologic conditions. We compared lung cancer patients’ and caregivers’ satisfaction with Multidisciplinary Care to routine, serial care. Materials and MethodsWe analyzed validated surveys administered at baseline, 3 and 6 months to patients and their caregivers enrolled in a prospective cohort comparative-effectiveness study of Multidisciplinary versus Serial Care (clinicaltrials.gov NCT02123797). Multivariate mixed linear models examined the cross-group differences, time-related variances, and how interaction between groups and time-periods influenced satisfaction. ResultsCompared to serial care (N = 297), the Multidisciplinary Care cohort (N = 159), was older (69 vs. 66 years), had earlier clinical stage (41% vs. 33% stage I/II), and less severe symptoms (45% vs. 35% asymptomatic). Demographic and social-economic characteristics of caregivers (N = 99 for Multidisciplinary and 123 for Serial Care, respectively) were similar. Multidisciplinary Care patients and caregivers were more likely to perceive their care to be better than that of other patients (p < .01). Although Serial Care patients and caregivers expressed greater satisfaction with their treatment plan (p < .01 patients, p = 0.04 caregivers), Multidisciplinary Care patients showed greater improvement at 6-months (p < .01). Multidisciplinary Care patients and caregivers reported better overall satisfaction with team members (p < .01) while Serial Care patients had greater improvement in their satisfaction with team members at 6-months (p = .04). Multidisciplinary Care patients perceived more financial burden at 6-months compared to Serial Care patients (p = .04). ConclusionPatient-caregiver dyads had mixed perceptions of their care experience. Recipients of Multidisciplinary Care perceived better experience with care and team members; Serial Care recipients expressed greater satisfaction with their treatment plan.

노인의 가족지지 및 우울이 구강건강관련 삶의 질에 미치는 영향

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for preparing plans and countermeasures for the promotion and maintenance of oral health for the happy life of the elderly by identifying the factors influencing the quality of life related to oral health by family support and depression of the elderly.&#x0D; Methods: This study was conducted on 4,405 elderly people aged 65 or older in the 8th aging research panel data to examine the general characteristics of the elderly, socioeconomic factors and family support, depression and the relationship between oral health evaluation Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI).&#x0D; Results: The difference between general characteristics, social economic characteristics, social economic characteristics, social economic characteristics, gender, education level, education level, family support, family support, family support.&#x0D; Conclusions: If various oral health education programs are provided to the elderly in the community to strengthen their health and oral health, it is thought that the quality of life can be improved by maintaining the oral health of the elderly

Farmer’s Perception on Climatic Factors and Social-economic Characteristics in the Agricultural Sector of Gujarat

This study investigated the implication of various factors, including climatic conditions, social-economic variables, agricultural inputs, technological development, institutional support, and adaptation strategies in the agricultural sector of Gujarat. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to analyse the farm-level data from 240 randomly selected farmers across eight districts. The study found that farm income per hectare is influenced by climate adaptation strategies, appropriate technology, annual income, education level, family size, fertilizer application, farm income from cash crops, financial support from the government, and access to credit. The study recommends the use of appropriate technology and adaptation strategies to mitigate the negative impact of climate change, as well as increase farmers’ access to credit, diversify crops, and encourage technological development in the agricultural sector. In addition, agricultural extension and development agencies should train farmers regularly to improve their understanding of climate adaptation practices and other inputs.

Effect of inorganic NPK fertilizer on tea (Camellia sinensis) production in Ruhaija village, Burere Subcounty, Buhweju District, Uganda

The study was conducted to examine the effect of inorganic NPK fertilizer on production of Camellia sinensis in Ruhaija Village Burere sub-county Buhweju District. The study was guided by four specific objectives including an analysis of the social economic characteristics of farmers; identifying the constraints faced during tea growing; determining the impact of fertilizers on profitability of tea and the effect of inorganic fertilizers on growth and yields of tea. The goal of applying fertilizers is to provide crops with nutrients like potassium, phosphorus, and nitrogen, which allow crops to grow bigger, faster, and to produce more output. The study employed a case study research design with intention of providing in depth investigation of underling effect between the variables under study and both quantitative and qualitative data was employed. The study used purposive and random sampling methods hence using questionnaires and interview guides in collecting data. The study findings indicated that the major source of income among the respondents was subsistence farming (40%) and in relation to N, P, K fertilizer use, the majority of the farmers use it alongside organic fertilizers due to its high cost. While the major reasons as to why people would choose tea growing with fertilizers is that it increases on their yields hence increase in income. The study concluded that farmers should integrate in organic NPK fertilizer with organic fertilizers to achieve high yields with lower costs.

Spousal dependence and intergenerational transmission of body mass index

ABSTRACT Obesity and overweight have become increasingly prevalent in developing countries like China. This paper explores the evolvement of body mass index (BMI) of the Chinese population using a nationally representative sample. Focusing on familial transmission of BMI, we model married couple’s BMI jointly and explore how parents’ BMI affect children’s BMI. In particular, we use spousal and parental characteristics as proxy variables to account for potential omitted variables bias and explicitly model common couple effect with the correlated random-effects model for couple’ BMI. Our analysis suggests strong and positive spousal dependence and intergenerational transmissions of BMI in Chinese families. The influences of spousal BMI, parental BMI and a variety of social economic characteristics are found to depend on gender, region of residence (urban versus rural) and evolve over time. We find positive effects of spousal BMI that are significant, asymmetric (greater for wife than for husband), and generally vary across regions. For grown children, we find parental BMI to be the most important predictors for children’s BMI. Since families can play an essential role in preventing obesity, our results can be useful for developing health intervention programs and promoting healthy lifestyle.

Attitudes toward people with mental disorders in Bulgaria.

Public attitudes toward people with mental disorders determine their life chances and potential integration in society. In this article, we present results from a large representative study that aims to understand whether and how Bulgarian society stigmatizes people with mental disorder, and how demographic characteristics relate to certain types of attitudes. The CAMI III instrument was the basis for the specific research design. The article presents two types of analysis of the data. Firstly, Factor analysis revealed three factors which partially coincide with original categories of the CAMI III Scale - Factor 1 'Authoritarianism and Social Restrictiveness', Factor 2 'Benevolence and Community Mental Health Ideology', and Factor 3 'Liberalism'. Secondly, a one-way ANOVA test was carried out, taking the assigned factor scores as dependent variable, on one hand, and demographic and social-economic characteristics as independent variables, on the other. Results reveal that people between 18-24 and over 75 years old are the most authoritarian and socially restrictive, while those between 24-75 years old are the most benevolent. Our analysis show an influence of religion and ethnicity on authoritarianism and social restrictiveness, but on benevolence as well. Education, occupation, and profession is related to the scores of the factors. The results correspond to findings from studies form other contexts but reveal underrepresented aspects such as 1. socio-economic characteristics - ethnicity and religion; 2. the socializing role of the institutions in the formation of the image of the mentally ill among different age groups.

Real-world national trends and socio-economic factors preference of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in China.

BackgroundsRobust evidence have demonstrated the beneficial effect of Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) in T2D patients with cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease. Multiple studies analyzed patterns and predictors of SGLT2i and GLP-1RA in the US, Europe and worldwide. However, there is no study about the utilization of these two classes of drugs in real-world in China.MethodA total of 181743 prescriptions of SGLT2i and 59720 GLP-1RA were retrospectively pooled from Hospital Prescription Analysis Cooperation Project from 2018 to 2021. The social-economic characteristics of patients and prescribers, including age, gender, residency, hospital level, insurance type, department visited, and payment amount, were collected and analyzed to study trends and risk factors associated with preference among two antidiabetics.ResultsAnnual number of prescriptions of SGLT2i significantly increased to approximately 140 folds, while GLP-1RA increased to about 6.5 folds. After adjustment for socio-economic information, several patients or physician characteristics were positively associated with the preference of GLP-1RA, including female gender (OR 1.581, 95% CI 1.528-1.635), residents in second-tier cities (OR 1.194, 95% CI 1.148-1.142), visiting primary or secondary hospital level (OR 2.387, 95% CI 2.268-2.512); while other factors were associated with the preference of SGLT2i, including older adults (OR 0.713, 95% CI 0.688-0.739), uncovered by insurance (OR 0.310, 95% CI 0.293-0.329), visiting other departments compared with endocrinology. In addition, the share of SGLT2i and GLP-1RA was low but in an increasing tendency.ConclusionsSGLT2i and GLP-1RA prescription significantly increased from 2018 to 2021. The socio-economic risk factors in choosing SGLT2i or GLP-1RA highlight an effort required to reduce disparities and improve health outcomes.

Experience of the eventual model application for logistics infrastructure assets’ location in Ukraine and its regions

Relevance of the problem. Russia's military invasion in Ukraine induced the issue of logistics optimization at the national and regional level. Now, despite the fact of ongoing hostility in Ukraine, it is necessary to build new and optimized logistics system. It is an important component of the country's infrastructure, and its economy`s recovery, which will prevent a prolonged crisis and create the conditions for sustainable development. Problem statement. Conceptual principles of the updated logistics infrastructure building at the regional and national levels require the development of measures for their practical implementation in the process of state reconstruction. This necessitates the development and justification of the algorithm for its application in Ukraine in the future. Analysis of recent research. Analysis of the current position of logistics in Ukraine after the beginning of hostility and Russian aggression has been made. Given that the hostility continues, and there are temporarily occupied territories as well, characterized by the unrated damage and destruction of logistics infrastructure, the official data for the only region completely freed from invaders, namely Kyiv region, has been analyzed. Unsolved parts of the general problem. Thus, quick national logistics infrastructure recovery needs theoretical, methodological and practical justification of the renewed structure at the national and regional level. Study task and objective. The eventual model will be applied in the study to solve the practical task, namely to use the developed methodology and algorithm for selecting potential locations of regional distribution logistics centers to determine their location as the basis of a new logistics map of Ukraine. The main material (study results). Practical adaptation of the developed model for the renewed logistics infrastructure system of Ukraine has been described in the study. Expertise research method has been used to make the territorial binding of the location of regional distribution logistics centers network. On the basis of an expert survey, not only Kyiv, but four other potential locations of regional distribution logistics centers have been identified. It is advisable to redistribute freight flows across the territory of Ukraine through them. They are Odesa, Lviv, Dnipro, and Kharkiv. These centers are the main transport routes connecting Western and Eastern Europe, and Asia. Thus, the distribution model of trade flows and logistics load throughout Ukraine could be forecasted as follows: Central region -&gt; the city of Dnipro; Eastern region the city of Kharkiv; Western region -&gt; the city of Lviv; Southern region -&gt; the city of Odesa; Northern region -&gt; the city of Kyiv. Conclusions. The developed practical algorithm of the renewed system of logistics infrastructure of Ukraine considering its regional features will allow to modernize national economy and its warehouse logistics taking into account foreign experience of similar structural institutions and country`s social-economic characteristics. The proposed and substantiated model with cluster approach has practical topological relationship to specific regions and country in general.

Exploring the role of country social and medical characteristics in patient level mortality in COVID-19 pandemic using Unsupervised Learning

This work aims to contribute to the field of COVID-19 pandemic analysis. In this research we applied a twofold analysis that focused initially on the country general social-economic and medical characteristics and on top of that in a second level exploring the correlations to the characteristics that affect COVID-19 patients’ mortality level. The approach has been applied to large datasets that include country level medical and the socio-economic data according to World Health Organization, the role of the cigarette consumption per capita using open datasets, and the cumulative data of the “COVID-19 Data Repository by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University” for the total number of Cases, Deaths and Recovered. 101 countries including twenty-two (22) features are studied. We have also drilled in the country of Mexico datasets to show case the effectiveness of our approach. We show that our approach can achieve 96% overall accuracy based on the proposed combination approach of macro and micro features. Our approach outdoes previous study results that utilize machine learning to assist medical decision-making in COVID-19 prognosis. We conclude that country social economic and medical characteristics play important role to COVID-19 patients’ prognosis and their outcome.

The Influence of Social-Economic on The Risk Mitigation Strategy of Beef Cattle Farmers in Banyuasin Regency, Indonesia

AbstractLivestock business is one of the most strategic sectors for the development of agriculture in Indonesia. One of the current livestock businesses that has the potential to be developed is beef cattle farming. Every livestock business will face various risks that can affect the results of its business if not anticipated and prepared for handling. This study aims to analyze the influence of the social economic characteristics of beef cattle farmers on the risk mitigation strategy used by beef cattle farmers in Banyuasin Regency. This study employed a descriptive method using a survey as the main strategy of data collection. The study was carried out in two disaster-prone subdistricts in Banyuasin Regency, namely Tanjung Lago and Muara Telang. The sample selection of farmer respondents used a quota, based on which there were 30 farmers from each subdistrict. Therefore, according to the simple random sampling method, 60 farmers were involved in this study. The influence of the social economic characteristics of beef cattle farmers on the risk mitigation strategy was analyzed using regression analysis logistics. The results showed that the average age of farmers is within the productive age. The average number of family members is four people. The longest farming experience is eight years. The number of livestock ownership of each farmer is three livestock units (LU). The average income of farmers is still below the district minimum wage. Beef cattle farmers in Banyuasin Regency tended to apply risk reduction (85%) and avoidance strategies (15%). The number of livestock owned (p&lt;0.05) is a factor that negatively affects the opportunities of farmers to carry out risk mitigation strategies, while the income of farmers in one month (p&lt;0.10) is a factor that positively affects the opportunities of farmers to carry out risk mitigation strategies. It could be concluded the large number of cattle tends to reduce the opportunity for farmers to carry out risk reduction strategies in conducting beef cattle business. This means that the greater the number of livestock owned, the higher the probability of farmers to avoid risk. If the number of livestock owned is increasing, the possibility of loss will also increase. Therefore, farmers tend to avoid these risks rather than reducing all potential risks.

Investigation of online grocery shopping and delivery preference before, during, and after COVID-19

This study investigates how the COVID-19 reshapes grocery shopping (GS) modes, physical grocery shopping (PGS) and online grocery shopping (OGS), by conducting an online survey that includes questions associated with social-economic characteristics, GS choices and reasons before, during, and in the short- and the long-term after COVID-19, as well as the adoption attitudes toward automated delivery services. A series of binary logit models are built to analyze what factors affect the OGS with the influence of COVID-19. The results show a significant shift from PGS to OGS due to the pandemic, which is also extended beyond COVID-19. People who are female, have more available vehicles, higher income, and health constraints, or worry the virus show more tendency to choose OGS as the primary mode during COVID-19, and stay with OGS after COVID-19. In addition, the elderly and those who frequently shop in person and by car before the pandemic and regard the OGS as either a primary or a supplementary mode are more likely to experience OGS after COVID-19.