Social Dimensions Research Articles

Analysis of Factors Affecting Customer Loyalty and Acquisition in Sociopreneurship-Based Cleaning Services

The competitive landscape necessitates that startups have competitive strategies to attract consumers and retain customers. Startups need to realize sustainable business practices where companies cannot solely focus on profit but also implement sustainable business concepts that consider social and economic dimensions. Various digital platforms can be utilized by companies to publicize their business activities. One such startup that applies this strategy is Cleansheet, a sociopreneurship in the field of cleaning service based on empowerment. The research was conducted in Bogor from January to March 2024 through interviews and the distribution of questionnaires to 285 respondents. The results of the SEM analysis show that Cleansheet's customer acquisition is significantly influenced by digital marketing, customer loyalty, and sustainability perception. Meanwhile, customer loyalty is significantly influenced by customer satisfaction, sustainability perception, digital marketing, and service quality. Regarding the indirect effect, customer satisfaction significantly acts as a mediating variable in the partial influence of digital marketing and service quality on customer loyalty.

Artificial Intelligence: Communication, Technology, and Society (a Systematic Literature Review)

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has transformed the way various social sectors operate, including healthcare, communications, and decision-making. The integration of AI into these domains not only opens up new opportunities for efficiency and innovation, but also presents significant challenges. Among these challenges, the emergence of algorithmic bias, inadequate data protection, technical limitations, and complex ethical dilemmas are of major concern. These issues affect the reliability and fairness of the use of AI technologies, potentially harming individuals and society as a whole. This study aims to investigate the barriers associated with the implementation of AI in society and provide theoretical and methodological solutions to address these challenges. This study uses a systematic literature review methodology to review 40 journals, with the aim of identifying key issues and suggesting solutions for the ethical and successful integration of AI. The findings show that the potential of AI is often hampered by biased algorithms, inadequate privacy laws, and a lack of transparency in decision-making processes. The study recommends the use of qualitative and quantitative methodologies, including experimental research and case studies, to investigate practical applications of AI. In addition, a multidisciplinary approach is suggested to address the technical and social dimensions of AI applications.

THE ROLE OF SUSTAINABILITY ACCOUNTING ON DECISION-MAKING: FIELD STUDY ON SUDANESE INDUSTRIAL COMPANIES

The article's goal is to explore how the economic, social, and environmental sustainability accounting components affect decision-making (DM) in the industrial sector of Sudan. This can assist companies in understanding and disclosing the benefits and drawbacks of their activities. The practical significance of scientific research is found in the way that the research conclusions will help to clarify sustainability-related concerns and reinforce Sudanese industrial businesses' dedication to them. Furthermore, there aren't many studies that address this subject in the context of Sudan.The results of the research show that the economic dimension has a positive impact on decision-making in the Sudanese industrial sector. It was also found that the social dimension plays a part in DM. On the other hand, DM Sudanese industrial businesses lack an environmental dimension. According to the study's recommendations, accounting regulators must develop guidelines and frameworks to help accountants measure and disclose sustainability information. Future research should continue to examine the impacts of sustainability development issues on Sudanese manufacturing firms to raise awareness of sustainability issues among accountants and management.

ESG SCORES, EARNINGS MANAGEMENT AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM POLAND

The paper's main aim is to investigate the relationship between the ESG activities scores and profitability metrics of 33 public companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. By utilizing the Refinitiv methodology, we answer whether a company's environmental, social and governance performance perspectives positively affect the ROA, ROE and ROC ratios or whether there is a negative relationship. A secondary objective of the research is to investigate the relationship between profitability and the magnitude of aggregate-based earnings management in the tested sample. The moderating effect of earnings manipulation on the links between ESG performance and a company's profitability metrics is a research gap that has not been well-studied to date.This research demonstrates contradictory results: a positive relationship between the social dimension of ESG activities and the financial performance of companies was observed regarding ROE and ROC ratios. The negative impact of the environmental pillar rank on the ROA ratio was captured only in selected regression analyses. The governance pillar score did not statistically affect the tested profitability metrics. On the other hand, we gathered evidence that public companies with a high range of non-financial disclosures tend to alter earnings via accruals, and discretionary accruals statistically affect the ROA, ROE and ROC ratios. This finding contrasts previous research claiming that the earnings management phenomenon is a typical agency problem and that the policy of non-mandatory disclosures following the ESG assumptions could constrain the asymmetry of information and managerial information advantages.

The transition towards a sustainable circular economy through life cycle assessment in the building and construction sector: a review and bibliometric analysis.

Transitioning to a circular economy is indispensable for the construction industry to achieve sustainable development goals. Understanding trends, gaps, and opportunities in life cycle assessment (LCA) for adopting a circular economy is critical. This study investigates the development of publications, identifies the most effective documents, authors, and countries, and highlights critical issues, knowledge axes, active research areas, and knowledge gaps. The study screened 196 out of 280 articles from the Scopus database and conducted a bibliometric analysis using CiteSpace and VOSviewer. Document clustering analysis identified the main research domains, and thematic classifications of knowledge areas and axes were provided. Additionally, development opportunities and knowledge gaps were identified through a full-text analysis of selected articles. The results show an increase in publications post-2017, with key research clusters including "Critical consideration," "Circular building component," "Building material," "Design for disassembly," "Integrated load match analysis," "Adaptive reuse project," "Data bank," "Prospective life cycle assessment," "Investment decision," and "Environmental comparison." Over 60% of the documents propose circular design solutions, end-of-life strategies, and alternative materials, while more than 80% focus solely on the environmental aspect. Only 4.6% develop integrated indicators, 2.5% automate LCA, 2.1% compile life cycle inventory databases, and 2% consider the social dimension. The findings emphasize the need to develop integrated indicators, methods, life cycle inventory databases, and automation tools based on integrated platforms and emerging technologies like building information modeling. This research identifies current knowledge gaps, suggests future research directions, and enhances understanding of how to make LCA more compatible with the circular economy.

Importance–Performance Analysis of the Sustainability of South Penghu Marine National Park, Taiwan

Despite the growing global focus on marine protected areas, there is a dearth of research addressing the comprehensive sustainability of such areas. This study fills the gap by evaluating the sustainability of South Penghu Marine National Park (SPMNP) using importance–performance analysis (IPA) across 18 sustainability indicators, encompassing environmental, economic, and social dimensions. The results reveal that environmental sustainability was rated as the most critical, with top indicators including protecting ecological habitats and marine wildlife. Performance scores were generally satisfactory, though disparities between importance and performance were noted, suggesting areas for improvement. Notably, all sustainability indicators are significantly below the threshold performance target of 75%, indicating significant gaps in meeting public expectations. The analysis also highlights strong public support for both on-site and off-site management measures as key strategies to enhance park sustainability. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers and park managers aiming to improve the sustainability of marine protected areas.

Beyond the Harvard Definition: A Critique of Josef Seifert’s Realistic Phenomenological Approach to Brain Death

This article explores the significance of context in defining death, particularly through the lens of the Harvard definition and the critiques offered by Josef Seifert. The Harvard definition, established in 1968, is examined within its medical context, highlighting how it reflects pragmatic interests and raises critical questions about the boundaries between life and death. Seifert’s critiques focus on the reductionist nature of equating personhood with consciousness, emphasizing the need for a broader understanding of life indicators beyond mere physiological functions. The article also discusses the social implications of medicalization in the dying process. Furthermore, it addresses the challenges posed by the cessation of brain function as a criterion for death, contrasting it with more observable signs of life such as breathing and heartbeat. Ultimately, the article argues for a more nuanced understanding of death that incorporates social, cultural, and ethical dimensions, advocating for ongoing dialogue and potential revisions of death definitions to reflect the complexities of human experience. This comprehensive approach aims to bridge the gap between medical definitions and the lived realities of individuals facing death.

A Pilot Study of the Effectiveness of a Short Course of Rifaximin 2200 mg/day on Abdominal Symptoms and its Effects on Quality of Life in Patients with Moderate to Severe Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Rifaximin is used to treat diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). However, determining the most effective regimen remains a challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a 10-day high-dose course of rifaximin (2200 mg/day) and its effects on both abdominal symptoms and quality of life (QOL) in patients with IBS-D. Adult patients with moderate to severe IBS-D (Rome IV) and fecal urgency and bloating were prescribed rifaximin 1100 mg twice daily for 10 days. Demographic information, the IBS Symptom Severity Index (IBS-SSI) score (using a 7-point Likert scale), and Bristol Stool Scale (BSS) score were recorded at baseline, day 10, and 4 weeks after treatment cessation. IBS Symptom Severity Score (IBS-SSS) and IBS-QOL scores were recorded at baseline and day 10. Any drug adverse effects were recorded. In total, 39 patients completed the study. Average scores for all abdominal symptoms and BSS showed significant improvement at day 10 and 4 weeks after treatment cessation (all p < 0.001). A significant improvement was seen in IBS-SSS and overall IBS-QOL score at day 10 (p < 0.001), with the highest improvement (31%) in interference with activity. Moreover, composite improvement rates were 38.64% for all abdominal symptoms, together with BSS < 5, bi-composite (66.67% for abdominal pain + bloating; 61.54% for abdominal pain + urgency), and 56.41% for tri-composite (abdominal pain + bloating + urgency) symptoms. Notably, no serious adverse effects were reported, and the adherence rate was 94.9%. Abdominal symptoms and overall QOL, especially in social and work dimensions, significantly improved in patients with moderate to severe IBS-D following a regimen of rifaximin 2200 mg/day, which was well tolerated.

Investigating the growth trends of LGBTQ Travelers in Thailand's Tourism Industry

This research identifies the growth trends of LGBTQ travelers in Thailand's tourism industry, trying to fill the important gap in the empirical knowledge about the impact this demographic and their preferences have. This study used an interpretive field study approach within a qualitative paradigm with interviews and participant observation in assessing motivations, behavior, and experiences of LGBTQ tourists within Thailand. This research answers some key questions about the scope of LGBTQ travel, growth patterns, how organizations are responding for inclusivity, and strategies to attract this market segment. Useful insights for stakeholders in the tourism sector will be sought from this study by analyzing the travel behavior and preferences, as well as emerging trends in tourism. These findings will contribute to the academic discourse on tourism inclusion but will also have real-life implications for the development of marketing strategies, improvement in destination management, and the development of a more tolerant society. This research, once and for all, is supposed to bring into focus a substantial opportunity lying in LGBTQ tourism in Thailand and is going to accentuate the pressing need for providing tailored inclusive travel experiences that would impress diverse desires and aspirations among LGBTQ people. Given that this exploration is necessary, it will foreground the economic, social, and cultural dimensions of LGBTQ tourism within the entire Thai tourism milieu. Conversely, by investigating the motivation for travel among the LGBTQ market segment, this research study will also highlight the unique experiences and viewpoints of LGBTQ tourists while adding to the increasingly complex understanding of this growing market segment. This study will also examine the barriers and challenges that LGBTQ visitors face while traveling in Thailand, and it will also investigate what can be done to make them feel welcome. Practical recommendations for effective targeting and catering to the vibrant market segment will be made by analyzing recent tourism trends and preferences of the LGBTQ traveler. Therefore, tourism by LGBTQ people can have economic impacts, cultural exchange, and tolerance of society. Additionally, extra insight into special needs and desires of tourists will be needed to complement fulfilling and inclusive experiences with which Thailand is establishing its reputation as an LGBTQ-friendly destination. This study will delve deep into the nuances and complexity of LGBTQ tourism in Thailand through an in-depth interview and participant observation study. A study of this nature would add to the growing body of knowledge in terms of the impact and preferences of this demographic and facilitate a more responsive and responsible tourism industry that would have great benefits for LGBTQ tourists and society in general.

Unleashing the Power of Civil Society: Examining the Impact of the Saudi Green Building Forum in Advancing Eco-friendly Construction in Saudi Arabia

This paper delves into the role of civil society in propelling green building practices, one key to a sustainable future. It focuses on the Saudi Green Building Forum (SGBF) “in Consultative Status with the United Nations Economic and Social Council, since 2017” as a case study that illuminates how civil society organizations contribute to environmental stewardship, social equity, and economic prosperity in the construction sector. The concept of green building is traced from its origins through its global development, explicitly emphasizing notable examples from Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries and Saudi Arabia. The paper reassures the audience by outlining the unique and robust alignment of SGBF’s initiatives and its support for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), underscoring its commitment to global sustainability. The study presents a descriptive analysis based on desktop research, illustrating the transformative impact of civil society in promoting sustainable construction practices through the SGBF. Key aspects covered include the historical evolution of the green building movement, successful implementations of green building standards, and the activation of civil society institutions and organizations in driving sustainability. The paper showcases SGBF’s strategies and projects as exemplary models of civil society’s contribution to greening the built environment and fostering a sustainable future in Saudi Arabia and beyond. The objective is to inspire by highlighting civil society’s far-reaching impact on the construction sector’s environmental, social, and economic dimensions of sustainable development.

Social Perception and Engagement in Mangrove Restoration: A Case Study in Central America

Mangroves are vital intertidal ecosystems that support biodiversity and protect coastal communities, but face increasing pressure from anthropogenic activities that sustain local livelihoods. It is crucial to integrate the social dimension into conservation efforts by encouraging community participation in mangrove restoration. Chame Bay, located on the central Pacific coast of Panama, is a protected area with significant mangrove cover, but despite its management plan, degradation continues due to intensive timber extraction for charcoal production and insufficient natural regeneration. This study investigates local knowledge and perceptions of mangrove functions and regeneration. A proportional stratified sampling of the Chame Bay population was used, with 300 interviews conducted among key stakeholders, including residents and mangrove resource users. Variables such as age, education, and profession were analyzed in relation to perceptions, participation, and willingness to participate in restoration efforts. Results indicate that 24.67% of the population’s primary economic activity is charcoal production from mangrove wood, with 15% of producers already involved in restoration and 60% willing to participate. These findings highlight the potential for community-driven restoration and emphasize the need for environmental education to encourage participation. This study provides essential information for designing restoration strategies in mangrove areas in Central America.

Navigating remote work: the role of corporate social responsibility in boosting employee engagement

PurposeThis paper investigates the relationship between teleworkers' perceptions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and employee engagement (EE) in remote work.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative research approach was used, involving a questionnaire distributed via convenience sampling. Data from 205 valid responses from teleworking employees in Spain were analysed using structural equation modelling to test the hypothesis regarding the association between CSR and EE.FindingsThe study found that CSR’s social and environmental dimensions positively impact EE among teleworkers. However, the economic dimension of CSR only partially influences EE in a telework setting.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest organisations can enhance EE during telework periods by focusing on social and environmental CSR initiatives. This approach can mitigate the reduced EE associated with remote work, improving organisational performance, productivity, satisfaction and employee well-being.Originality/valueThis study provides empirical evidence on the positive effects of CSR’s social and environmental dimensions on EE in a telework context, offering valuable insights for organisations navigating the post-pandemic landscape. Also, specific CSR strategies can establish a competitive advantage by fostering a motivated and engaged remote workforce.

Lessons from a participatory community cricket breeding project in Vientiane Province, Lao PDR

Abstract Edible insect production is a key tool for sustainable development and global food security, but its social dimensions and the organisation of farming operations remain understudied. Crickets are among the most recognised edible insects for farming and offer appealing development opportunities for Lao PDR – a Southeast Asian country whose cricket farming sector has lagged behind neighbouring Thailand and which continues to experience challenging economic and food security conditions. Concerning these sustainable development and research priorities, this paper presents the case study analysis of a service evaluation of Cricket Lao Farm, which implemented a project on the distributed (off-site) production of crickets among local community members. Data collection took place from September to November 2023 and included a survey with 30 participants complemented by qualitative information from discussion groups, home visits, informal conversations, and project documentation. While small-scale farming operations ended within a year due to widespread cricket mortality of unknown cause, community-based cricket farming was in principle profitable and demonstrated strong development potential and local relevance. Furthermore, most of the community-based farmers were motivated and interested in resuming operations in the future. The analysis of this case offers important lessons for further development of the cricket farming sector in Lao PDR, highlighting the challenges of the Western social enterprise model in a development setting, the need to actively manage participation, and to develop an understanding of local community structures before commencing operations. To ensure future success, projects should include robust monitoring and evaluation plans; regular and bidirectional communication between community members and the central farm; co-development of breeding strategies, response plans, and good animal husbandry practices; and community engagement activities involving local schools.

Sustainability in sustainability certifications in Thai hotel industry

Thailand is actively working to position itself as a sustainable tourism destination, with sustainability embedded within the nation’s tourism industry framework. Assessment and certification play pivotal roles, serving as essential tools that validate the implementation of sustainable management practices within the accommodation sector. This article explores the concept of sustainable tourism through the lens of widely adopted certifications in Thailand’s hotel industry. A content analysis was conducted to compare certifications based on the Global Sustainable Tourism Council (GSTC) criteria. Furthermore, the study evaluated the efficacy of certifications in promoting the practical integration of sustainable tourism. To deepen the analysis, a thematic review examined the extent to which these certifications integrate principles of Environmental Management Systems (EMSs). The findings highlight a tendency of certification organizations to prioritize environmental aspects over economic and social dimensions. This suggests a need for better alignment in facilitating the holistic integration of sustainable tourism principles into certification practices.

Hierarchization of sustainability indicators applied to inland waterway transport: a study in the Brazilian Amazon

The Brazilian Amazon, a vital ecosystem for global sustainability, has significant potential for utilizing inland waterway transport (IWT) as a catalyst for socioeconomic advancement. However, the exploitation of waterways has frequently led to adverse impacts on riverside ecosystems, underscoring the urgent need to identify IWTs that balance navigation and cargo distribution requirements while safeguarding sustainable development objectives. For this reason, the utilization of sustainability indicators in IWT has emerged as pivotal for comprehensively assessing its environmental, social, and economic dimensions. To address this need, our study proposes a hierarchical framework of sustainability indicators tailored to cargo transport along the IWT of the Brazilian Amazon. Initially, 256 indicators were identified, 26 of which were selected for hierarchical analysis. Subsequently, a qualitative survey involving 30 specialists representing diverse backgrounds and expertise was conducted employing the analytic hierarchy process methodology. The findings highlighted the vital importance of environmental indicators. This result is aligned with the 2030 Agenda. Prioritizing investments following this hierarchy seems to have the power to catalyze socioeconomic development within the Brazilian Amazon (and possibly in other IWTs).

Experimental narratives: A comparison of human crowdsourced storytelling and AI storytelling

The paper proposes a framework that combines behavioral and computational experiments employing fictional prompts as a novel tool for investigating cultural artifacts and social biases in storytelling both by humans and generative AI. The study analyzes 250 stories authored by crowdworkers in June 2019 and 80 stories generated by GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 in March 2023 by merging methods from narratology and inferential statistics. Both crowdworkers and large language models responded to identical prompts about creating and falling in love with an artificial human. The proposed experimental paradigm allows a direct and controlled comparison between human and LLM-generated storytelling. Responses to the Pygmalionesque prompts confirm the pervasive presence of the Pygmalion myth in the collective imaginary of both humans and large language models. All solicited narratives present a scientific or technological pursuit. The analysis reveals that narratives from GPT-3.5 and particularly GPT-4 are more progressive in terms of gender roles and sexuality than those written by humans. While AI narratives with default settings and no additional prompting can occasionally provide innovative plot twists, they offer less imaginative scenarios and rhetoric than human-authored texts. The proposed framework argues that fiction can be used as a window into human and AI-based collective imaginary and social dimensions.

Facilitating subgroup identification: the use of decision trees in breast cancer screening uptake

Abstract Introduction Organized breast cancer screening (BCS) programs are effective prevention measures for women aged 50-69 to prevent the sixth cause of death in Germany. It is unclear which sociodemographic factors and potential interactions are associated with never-attendance. Explorative approaches such as decision trees offer an inductive approach to intersectional subgroup identification based on different computational decisions. This study discusses two approaches for estimating the likelihood of not attending BCS in Germany. Methods Women aged 50-69 (N = 3,644) were selected from the German 2020 European Health Interview Survey. We estimate the risk of not attending BCS first by employing cross-classification regression analysis utilising known social dimensions and second by leveraging the nodes of the best-performing decision tree as exposure variables. Results The first approach, adjusting for age, found that women born in Germany had 1.97 higher odds (p = 0.015) of never attending BCS than high-income women not born in Germany. Conditional Inference Tree (mincriterion= 0.6040046, maxdepth=3) adjusted to optimise sensitivity and the Area Under the Curve (71.43% sensitivity, 63.21% AUC), identified 8 relevant intersectional groups characterised by unique combinations of family status, perceived social support, working situation, experienced physical limitation, and region, with the highest odds of 4.85 (p &amp;lt; 0.001) of not attending BCS for women living with their couple and children or non-conventional household constellations who perceived little, uncertain or a lot of social support. Conclusions Using explorative decision trees for subgroup identification, the study provides more detailed insights into women at higher risk of not attending BCS in Germany, aiding, on the one hand, more precise health reporting data and, on the other hand, enhanced preventive public health interventions. Key messages • Explorative decision trees for subgroup identification allow for more detailed insights into women at higher risk of not attending BCS in Germany for enhanced preventive public health interventions. • Women living with their couple and children or non-conventional constellations who perceived little, uncertain or a lot of social support are at the highest odds of never attending BCS in Germany.

An examination of sources fostering student teachers’ academic well-being

ABSTRACT This study examined student teachers’ perspectives on the sources of their academic well-being within the context of a four-year undergraduate teacher education programme in Qatar. A survey was developed and validated using a conceptual framework entailing cognitive, social and emotional dimensions. Statistical analyses involving 806 responses revealed five factors that contributed to participants’ academic well-being, namely: (F-1) self-regulated learning, (F-2) academic values, (F-3) social engagement, (F-4) peer learning and (F-5) emotional engagement. Comparative analyses between gender, age, reported GPA and credit hours verified the different influence of the five factors on fostering academic well-being. These results are further discussed in light of implications for using the validated instrument and devising tailored interventions.

Eight Dimensions of Wellness: Undergraduate Student Behavior

Background: Mental health and well-being are important public health issues. College students are vulnerable to mental health and other wellness issues as this population is often making lifestyle choices autonomously for the first time and many are balancing new responsibilities, priorities, and situations in life. Aim: This study sought to gain an understanding of college students’ behavior when provided time and autonomy to focus on their wellness needs. Methods: Students completed a self-selected activity that corresponded to a dimension of wellness. A chi-square goodness-of-fit test was performed to determine distribution of responses. A chi-square test of independence was performed to examine relationships between dimension of wellness and gender, year of enrollment, and the interaction of gender by year of enrollment. Results: All dimensions of wellness were reflected in student responses with physical, social, and emotional dimensions selected more frequently. A significant relationship was found between dimension of wellness and gender and the interaction effect of gender by year of enrollment. No significant relationship was found between dimension of wellness and year of enrollment. Conclusions: This study highlights the need for diversity in wellness programming and provides valuable insights to optimize student support.

Social Cohesion in Different Periods of the Pandemic: What Works in Reducing COVID-19 Mortality

Abstract Background Inconsistent results were reported regarding the effects of social cohesion dimensions on COVID-19 mortality rate (MR). Most studies have indicated that trust in civil services, but not participating in social activities, reduces COVID-19 MR, possibly because of the highly contagious nature of this disease. In this study, we investigated how the effects of various dimensions of social cohesion on COVID-19 MR vary across different phases of the pandemic. Methods This longitudinal study was conducted using data from 86 countries that participated in the 2017-2020 World Values Survey. The measures of social cohesion were identified by aggregating survey responses to the country level. COVID-19 MR was calculated-using data from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control-separately for three distinct periods during the pandemic (January 2021-June 2022). A factor analysis was conducted to identify the dimensions of social cohesion, and negative binomial regression models were constructed to analyze data for each period. Results The factor analysis revealed three dimensions of social cohesion: social participation and inclusion, health service equality, and trust in civil services and democracy. Our findings suggest that each dimension of social cohesion uniquely affected COVID-19 outcomes in different periods of the pandemic. Trust in civil services and a positive attitude toward democracy are strongly associated with a low COVID-19 MR. However, this association was observed only in the early and middle stages of the pandemic. By contrast, our study demonstrated that in the late stage of the pandemic, increased social participation and inclusion helped combat COVID-19. Conclusions This study underscores the importance of collective cohesion and solidarity in mobilizing public responses against pandemic situations. This study emphasizes that preventive or regulatory interventions should be tailored to different phases of a pandemic. Key messages • COVID-19 mortality rate was negatively associated with trust in civil services during the early two periods and with social participation and social inclusion during the late period of the pandemic. • This study emphasizes that preventive or regulatory interventions should be tailored to different phases of a pandemic.