Social-cultural Phenomenon Research Articles

Budaya Leles Orang Manggarai Sebagai Suatu Fenomena Sosial Dalam Terang Filsafat Metafisika Heidegger

This research focuses on the (social) cultural phenomenon of Leles Orang Manggarai in the context of social change driven by the influence of modern technology. Current conditions indicate a decline in unity and cooperation within this culture. The study employs a qualitative approach with literature review, interviews, and Heideggerian philosophical analysis to elucidate the changes in this cooperative culture. Literature review and interviews reveal the dynamics of Leles culture that has undergone transformation due to interactions with modern technology, resulting in a decline in the previously strong values of unity and cooperation in Manggarai society. In the philosophical context of Heidegger, the research examines the metaphysical implications for the changed Leles culture. The qualitative findings provide insights into how modern technology has influenced culture and social values, and how Heideggerian thought can be applied to contemplate societal changes. This research contributes significantly to understanding the impact of technology on culture and cooperation in Manggarai society. It is essential to underline that this study does not aim to examine the entire Manggarai society or address social phenomena universally, like sociological theories. Instead, it emphasizes the social benefits of Leles culture, presenting social phenomena as a reflective framework in this context.

Enhancing the student learning experience through memes

Meme-making is an effective method for engaging students and enhancing the learning environment. Memes are a social media cultural phenomenon that the majority of those in Higher Education are exposed to on an almost daily occurrence. This research examined the use of meme-making within the forensic sciences to allow students to reflect on their knowledge. Students studying modules in forensic science across six universities in the UK and USA participated in the study. At the end of a teaching session, students produced a meme (using Meme Generator) to reflect on what they had learned; memes were then shared with the class anonymously via Padlet. This allowed all class members to see and engage with the memes created. At the end of the activity students were anonymously surveyed on their experience using Microsoft Forms and analysis of the results were undertaken using SPSS software.Meme-making was found to be an inclusive learning activity with no limitations, including age (part-time, distance learning and visually impaired students were not part of the study parameters). Results showed that not only did students find the practice fun, but it also helped with the retention of the class content suggesting that the meme-making process is an effective way to enhance the learning environment while engaging students.Student feedback suggests that to maximise participation the educator should stress reflection and learning as the key purpose of generating a meme, rather than being witty or entertaining. The forensic science educator should be mindful of selecting appropriate subject matter for this often-humorous activity.

Development of Russian tourism in the contemporary social and ethnocultural conditions

The author considers tourism as a relevant social-cultural phenomenon of contemporary Russia, which is important for economic development and establishing interethnic and interreligious balance in the cultural-axiological space of Russa. The author pays special attention to the migration processes in their connection with the situation in the tourism and hospitality industry and prospects for its development. Considering the global diversity of migration forms and types, the category of legal foreign labor migration is analyzed to clarify some substantial issues of external labor migration as having social and intercultural meanings. The author explains the efficiency of labor migrant flows in the renewing Russian touristic sphere; emphasizes the ethnocultural specificity of tourism and the ethnic character of migration; considers the regional situation through the host population’s perception of labor migrants and the native population’s assessment of the ambiguous role of foreign specialists in the formation of ethnic-cultural and civil identities in the multicultural Russian society. Tourism is defined as a significant economic and intercultural stabilizing factor contributing to the development of a tolerant environment and integrating external migrants into the host society. The article describes the relationship between the effective development of internal tourism and the progressive regulation of foreign labor migration. The analysis of the features of migration processes shows the changing nature of external labor migration due to objective socialeconomic factors, and the role of labor migrants in the formation of the all-Russian civil identity. The author insists on the correlation between the growing attractiveness of tourist sites and a stable and peaceful situation in the sphere of interethnic and interreligious relations, including between the autochthonous and allochthonous peoples of multinational Russia.

Exploring early career physical education teachers’ professional identity construction in rural China: insights from socio-ecological perspective and practice architectures theory

ABSTRACT This qualitative study explored 15 early career physical education (PE) teachers’ professional identity construction from rural China. Identity was shown as a multifaceted, context-specific, and dynamic social-cultural phenomenon. From a socio-ecological standpoint, this research demonstrated that early career rural Chinese PE teachers’ professional identity construction was shaped by the interplay between family backgrounds, Chinese Confucian cultural tradition, physicality, schooling experiences, workplace contexts, and the PE core competency curriculum policy. From the perspective of practice architecture, the professional identity construction encompassed their cultural-discursive arrangements (sayings), material-economic arrangements (doings), and social-political arrangements (relating). PE teachers’ professional identity may be facilitated by school administrators and education policymakers’ support.

Gambling as a social-cultural phenomenon

Gambling can be defined as a common name for a set of different games, behaviors and activities, which involve investing money or some other value, with risk and hope in anticipation of a positive outcome. With the development of society, gambling took on different forms and meanings depending on the socio-cultural norms and beliefs of a given era. Today we are talking about gambling as a generally accepted activity, present in different social contexts. Although most individuals participate in gambling as a fun social activity, a small group of people become seriously involved in gambling activities, which currently leads to the recognition of gambling as a behavioral addiction, known as ?gambling disorder?. Various public policy factors, economic factors, community factors, social norms, legislation, as well as media coverage of gambling have made a huge contribution to the popularization and liberalization of gambling. The aim of this paper is to summarize scientific knowledge about key socio-cultural aspects of gambling. Based on a review of relevant and recent literature, the paper will present the development of gambling throughout history, socio-cultural factors of gambling and the social implications of gambling.

Місія університету в західноєвропейській культурі (етичні та соціологічні аспекти) Ч. ІІ.

The paper by Sergiy Kurbatov and Mariya Rohozha “The Mission of University in the Western European Culture”(Part II) is devoted to the analyses of transformation of the university as social institution and cultural phenomenon in our time, which we started at the first part of this paper, that was published in “Philosophy of Education”, 2017, № 2 (21)). If the previous paper of these authors included a long chronological period from the origin of the university in late Medieval time up to the 20th century, the current paper is concentrated on analyses of radical challenges, that university faced at the end of the 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st century. For example, such popular in contemporary English language literature concept as the end (or the death) of university is observed. The authors tried to analyze sociological attempts to measure the main university activities in the form of international university rankings and the possibilities to develop in Ukraine the ideal models of university, which any system of university rankings have. The special stress was made on the influence of COVID 19 pandemic on transformative processes and institutional development of universities in the nearest future. The main challenges of the 21st century are crucial for the university, because this institution lost monopoly of producing and distribution of advanced knowledge for the first time in history. From the tactic viewpoint, university is less competitive than the different training programs and online courses, it is too conservative and bureaucratic one. But the authors think that in strategic perspective university has a chance for renovation, proving the old maxima that the values and spiritual dimensions of being and the relevant environment are crucial for human being. Almost the millennium of university history proves its ability to pass through the dramatic historical transformation and to continue to maintain its essence.

Терроризм как социально-культурное явление

Терроризм как социально-культурное явление

LIVING HADITH AS A SOCIAL CULTURAL PHENOMENON OF INDONESIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

Purpose of the study: This article intends to review the literature on living hadith issues as a social-cultural phenomenon of Indonesia. Methodology: For this article, Systematic Literature Review (SLR) has been used to discuss the data from documents based on the living hadith issues, such as books, journals, and other related materials which had been reviewed and referred to Hadith as the main source. Main Findings: This article found that living hadith is a religious phenomenon that is turned on by society. The phrase living hadith in Indonesia as a term that refers to the contextual practice of hadiths or sunnah that are spelled out of ijma and ijtihad which agreed upon in a Muslim community. In other words, living hadith is an understanding of the meaning of hadith that applied in everyday practices. Applications of this study: This article can be useful for humanity, especially for Muslims when the term of living hadith takes place in society in the form of practices based on the understanding of the hadith of Prophet Muhammad as a second source of Islamic law. Novelty/Originality of this study: The phrase of Living Hadith is not similar among the Muslim community in Malaysia, so it is a new discovery and should be enlightened.

Технонаука как социокультурный проект: от идей начала XX в. к современным реалиям

В статье критически анализируется проект развития науки, предложенный ученым и общественным деятелем А.А. Богдановым. Значение этого про­екта и необходимость его рассмотрения обусловлена тем, что проблемы, которые волновали Богданова и которые он пытался решить, – как наука существует в социальном и культурном пространстве, какие социальные и культурные функции выполняет и как ее нужно мыслить, в том числе проективно, в качестве социокультурного феномена, сегодня по-прежнему актуальны. Хотя в аутентичном виде ни один из замыслов А.А. Богданова не был реализован, они отразили возникновение тенденций, определяющих современное состояние науки как социального института и культурного феномена. Среди этих тенденций: нарастающее преобладание идеала по­лезной науки над идеалом науки, ориентированной в первую очередь на ре­шение познавательных проблем; увеличение доли междисциплинарных ис­следований как стратегии преодоления узкой специализации научного познания; идеология широкой популяризации и демократизации науки. Рас­смотрение того, как Богданов выстраивает свой проект развития науки, ка­кими аргументами защищает его значимость и необходимость, проясняет, как показывается в статье, корни технонаучного проекта, его слабые и силь­ные стороны

Actualization of historical memory in the context of national identity

The article contains information about historical memory like an element and at the same time a factor in theformation of national identity based common values, norms, beliefs, behavior models, stereotypes and ideas aboutthe historical past. Firstly, we defined the properties of historical memory as a social-cultural phenomenon andits features in modern Ukrainian society. Also, we emphasized the importance of the social context and nationalidentity in the process of the formation of historical memory. For example, social environment influences onthe formation and change of memory of certain historical events and their consequences in the minds of citizen.Secondly, we investigated that the similar perceptions, appraisals and attitudes to the historical process contributethe consolidation of society and facilitate its integration around common identities. In contrast, different andeven opposite interpretations of the historical past constructed in the minds of citizens of different regions ofour country depending on socio-cultured, historical and political background can influence the peculiaritiesof the formation of new identities, as well as they determine vectors of both potential and actual conflicts.Nevertheless, differences in interpretations of history and dominant identity types among residents of differentregions of Ukraine do not make a threat to national integrity, but they can be the basis for ideological and politicalmanipulation from internal and external factors connected with destruction of Ukrainian statehood foundations.Using a secondary analysis of the results of empirical research conducted by leading sociological agencies weinvestigated that fragmentation and multiplicity are the peculiarities of Ukrainian historical memory. Thesepeculiarities are the results of domination of regional identity types in the minds of people. In fact, local featuresof historical memory are related to the history of the region and its socio-cultural characteristics. Also we foundout about the existence of certain differences and contradictions in interpretations of the historical past of Easternand Western residents. Under such circumstances, the historical memory becomes a disintegrating factor and asource of strife because it produces opposited and often incompatible views on the perspectives of the state and thenation. On the one hand, historical memory can enhance the role of national identity in the integration of a nationbased on common interpretation of history. On the other hand, historical memory can contribute the formationmostly of contradictory identity types and increase tendencies towards antagonism updating conflicts betweenmodels / options of historical memory of representatives in different regions of Ukraine. Actually, politicalagents (both domestic and foreign) can make «desirable» representations, evaluations, and interpretations ofhistorical events by means of propaganda, provoking disintegration and destabilization in the country, using thedifference between the models / options of historical memory of the inhabitants in different parts of the country,as well as the essential properties of historical memory (symbolism, irrationality, mythology, etc.). To sum up,there is an essential need in Ukraine for the implementation of a prudent memory policy in order to form anationwide model of historical memory that would be able to contribute the unification of citizens into a singlepolitical nation based on common identities regardless of resident region.

Лексичні засоби позначення дитячого віку в писемних пам’ятках української мови ХVІ-ХVІІІ ст.

Research devoted to childhood as a social-cultural phenomenon has become more active in present-day science. Scientists study some peculiarities of the perception of child and childhood by society in different historical epochs, try to fix childhood limits and to define age periods within child age, and make a conclusion that in many cases, periods of man's life are correlated with social roles of people rather than with biological age, and they were formed under the influence of social institutes developing together with the evolution of society. The present paper analyzes lexical means used in written records of the Ukrainian language in the 16th-18th centuries to denote child age and express the concept of an age differentiation of childhood. The written records of the Ukrainian language of different genres in the mentioned period were the sources of the research: e.g. business language records, P. Berynda's dictionary, religious texts, sermons, and poetic works. Lexical units expressing child age to denote childhood as an age period of man's life and general names originating from colloquial language and taken from Church Slavonic were used to denote children. Written sources confirm an active use of hypocoristic forms. The lack of a clear classification of childhood into separate age periods is seen in the system of children's names. Most of the general names denoting children did not represent an age gradation of childhood and only some words were special names of a child expressing an age characteristic: those were the names of a newly-born child and a baby. Some adjectives combination with nouns to denote children indicated a relative age characteristic (little, minor) but the contexts in which phrases with the adjective little were used did not give a reason to distinguish between a little child and a young man. In several sources, a seven-year period was classified as a special stage in a child's life, first of all, due to religious practice. According to Christian tradition, a child was considered to have no sins until the age of 7 since he or she cannot distinguish between good and bad. After that, he or she had to shrive. In secular practice, the age of 7 became the time when a child would be sent to an educational institution. The texts of pedagogical orientation prove the synonymy of common names denoting children with special names of the individuals who get education. A differentiation according to an age characteristic “adulthood” vs. “minority” can be seen clearly, which is explained by the legal status of an adult and, correspondingly, is expressed by the corresponding lexical denotations. The vocabulary denoting this age period is mostly represented by sources written in business language. One can see that lexical semantics, with help of which child age is marked in records of the Ukrainian language in the 16th-18th centuries, gives a general concept of childhood common for Ukrainian and European social communities of that time.

Women athletes emerging from the shadow of men in Kenya: evidence from the Commonwealth, Olympic and World Athletics Championships

The academic interest in women’s roles in sports in Kenya reflects the concern to level the playing field in a major social cultural phenomenon such as sport and its overall significance to social development. It is therefore not surprising that, in Kenya, women were late in establishing themselves in the sporting world. Under-representation of females in sport within the African set-up, Kenya included, is attributed to the inappropriate western-oriented games, the conflicting values of sexual beauty and sporting competence, and the divorce between women and the warrior tradition of indigenous Africa. However, as data on Kenya’s athletes to various international events demonstrate, women have slowly but steadily emerged out of the shadows of men. In some editions of the games, women have not only been the majority, but also have won more medals than men.

‘Pokok Hari Nyalah’: Catatan Budaya (Lokal) dalam Membaca Perubahan Iklim (Global)

In the last decade, the issue of climate change phenomenon has been a serious debate for the people around the world. The impact of the climate change symptom can be felt or experience directly by a societal group in any environment. The problems being experienced by the people related with the climate change phenomenon can be revealed by tracing their knowledge (culture) in understanding and predicting the circumstances of the environment; their perception about the environment which has been more unpredictable in the recent time; and the effort that were applied by them to face of the unpredictable circumstances of the environment. That would be represented how culture revealed the climate change was not only about the physical environment, but also the social-cultural phenomenon. Keywords: climate change, knowledge (culture), unpredictable environment, and social-cultural phenomenon

Academic Mobility and Professionalism of Higher School Staff in Ukraine: Evaluation and Assessment

Academic mobility as the mostly developed form of internationalization of an educational field helps integration of an individual into international educational community. It supports development of intercultural competences, promotes the chances of higher school teachers on professional self-realization and increasing their professionalism in teaching, researches and self-management. The main issues of our research are devoted to a higher school staff academic mobility as a social-cultural phenomenon, investigation of Ukrainian university teachers’ mobile activity level, correlation of their academic mobility and professionalism, assessment of the main characteristics of a staff professional self-esteem which is a psychological background for permanent development of professionalism and self-development of a higher school teacher's personality.

Genre Analysis of American Presidential Inaugural Speech

English public speaking is an important social-cultural phenomenon of the west; as a specific form of discourse sharing the characteristics of both oral and written discourse. American Presidential Inaugural Address (APIA) has always been arousing scholars' great concern in the field of applied linguistics. It is delivered to the people at home and abroad when the newly elected presidents take office to make his government policy known to the public and persuade the public to accept and support his policy with worldwide influence and long-lasting significance. However, most studies on APS are mainly made from the perspective of translation, stylistics, rhetoric, and so on. Seldom effort is made within genre analysis which focuses both on the linguistic realization of a text and the communicative functions the text serves. With the moves as the possible generic structure for this particular genre, the communicative purposes of the genre are revealed.

Аспекты личностной готовности современного мужчины к отцовству

Parenthood is not only biological, but also biosocial and social cultural phenomenon, its characteristics correlate with each other. Relations of parents and the child depend on their own sex and a sex of the child, age of the child, concrete social conditions, traditions, and also, we suppose, from child’s experience of the adult and his notions of ideal and real parents. Educational influence of parents’ example is connected with moral character of his father and mother, way of life of the family, conditions in the parental home. The family is environment for the child, society which influences formation of his character. It is the authority of parents that influences the children. Thus, in the family child gets his first profound and bright impressions.

From Passive Objects to Active Subjects: Young People, Performance and Possibility

Among the varied perspectives on human development, those that view development as a social-cultural phenomenon are most consistent with innovative youth development practices. Among these practices, there is an emerging view of development that is related to human beings capacity to perform. In this view, performance, which simultaneously includes who we are and who we are becoming, can develop young people s collective capacity to become culture and community creators. The performance approach helps young people relate to themselves as producers and not simply consumers. Examples of youth development programs that put this approach into practice in US inner cities will be discussed: two after school programs developed by the All Stars Project, Inc. and the school-based mental health program. Let's Talk About It. The implication from the study of these performance-based programs is that performance is a tool that helps young people relate to themselves as active producers of their environments.

Can you Afford Honesty?

This article discusses the honesty of local politicians and public administrators in 17 countries. First, it goes into deontological, consequential, virtue, and dialogic ethics. Based on a large-scale survey, this article concludes that the ethos (general principle) of honesty is a universal value, which conforms to deontological principles. Regarding ethics (the application of the principle in practice), however, important differences between these local elites are seen. The explanation for these differences is sought at the individual and organizational level. It is argued that organizational factors explain most of the variance. Especially the opinions of colleagues are important. Also, the existence of conflicts and social problems within the community determine whether one is (able to be) honest. This implies that honesty can be seen empirically as a social-cultural phenomenon that varies with the internal and external pressures exerted on the local politicians and administrators.

Around quitting time: work and middle-class fantasy in American fiction

Virtually since its inception, the United States has nurtured a dreamlike and often delirious image of itself as an essentially classless society. Given the stark levels of social inequality that have actually existed and that continue today, what sustains this atonce hopelessly ideological and breathlessly utopian mirage? In Around Quitting Time Robert Seguin investigates this question, focusing on a series of modern writers who were acutely sensitive to the American web of ideology and utopic vision in order to argue that a pervasive middle-class imaginary is the key to the enigma of class in America. Tracing connections between the reconstruction of the labor process and the aesthetic dilemmas of modernism, between the emergence of the modern state and the structure of narrative, Seguin analyzes the work of Nathanael West, Ernest Hemingway, Willa Cather, John Barth, and others. These fictional narratives serve to demonstrate for Seguin the pattern of social sites and cultural phenomenon that have emerged where work and leisure, production and consumption, and activity and passivity coincide. He reveals how, by creating pathways between these seemingly opposed domains, the middle-class imaginary at once captures and suspends the dynamics of social class and opens out onto a political and cultural terrain where class is both omnipresent and invisible. Aroung Quitting Time will interest critics and historians of modern U.S. culture, literary scholars, and those who explore the interaction between economic and cultural forms.

Per didaktiką - į pozityvizmą

In the Lithuanian prose of the 19th century two independent literary directions can be observed. The first trend represented by the Didactic literary period, starts with the translation of Juozapas Chodzka's "Jonas iš Svisločės" into Lithuanian by Juozapas Rupeika in 1823 and finishes with Motiejus Valančius' short story "Palangos Juzė" in 1869. Side by side there arose rudiments of Positivist literature mainly represented by publications in The Varpas, in the year of 1889. The two literary tendencies developed under the influence of different social, cultural and political ideas. The former was affected by the doctrines of the Enlightenment, the latter was inspired by Positivist philos- ophy and the most significant socialcultural phenomenon of the century, The National Revival culture in Lithuania. The article attempts to analyse and compare the differences and similarities of literary models in didactic and positivist literature, to discuss the relationship of the two trends and influences on each other as well as to find out other literary influences of the 19th century that affected Positivist literature. In addition it investigates the problem of a literary trend in the works of Mikalojus Akelaitis. For the detailed analysis and comparison works of the two different literary directions belonging to dif- ferent periods were chosen. The beginning of Lithuanian didactic literature and the rudiments of the National Revival Movement are represented by the Juozapas Rupeika's translation of the work of Juozapas Chodzka "Jonas iš Svisločės". Mikalojus Akelaitis' short story "Kwestorius po Lietuwą wažinėdamas žmones bemokinąsis" stands for the maturity of didactic literature and the beginning of the National Revival Movement. The unfinished story of Jonas Gaidys-Gaidamavičius called "Antanas Valys", published in the Varpas during the first years of its publication, is viewed in regard with Positivist literature and the National Revival Movement. The comparison of the literary categories revealed that no common features of positivist and didactic literature were found. There fare, we can- not treat them as the sequel of the literary model, at least within the limits of this analysis.