Social Adaptation Research Articles

Role of physical training in cardiac rehabilitation in patients with congestive heart failure and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Introduction. Currently, the effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation of patients with comorbid CHF using physical training when prescribing optimal drug therapy, including SGLT2 drugs, has not been studied.Aims. To study the effect of controlled physical training on the quality of life and prognosis of patients with CHF comorbid with type 2 diabetes mellitus against the background of rational pharmacotherapy.Materials and methods. The study included 74 patients with CHF against the background of type 2 diabetes mellitus, receiving optimal drug therapy, with mandatory intake of SGLT2 drugs. Two groups were formed using the simple randomization method: “Physical training” (n = 35) – basic drug therapy supplemented by a program of controlled physical training and “Standard drug therapy” (n = 37) – only basic drug therapy. Patients in the standard drug therapy group were recommended regular aerobic physical activity of moderate intensity for 30–60 minutes at least 5 days a week.Results. In the Physical Training group, after 12 months, an increase in the distance according to the results of the 6-minute walk test by 39.6% (on average 407.2 meters) was registered, in the Standard Drug Therapy group, physical tolerance increased by 12.2% (324.5 meters) (p = 0.002). According MLHFQ questionnaire in patients with CHF, the results were obtained that characterize the high social adaptation of patients during physical training in comparison with standard pathogenetic drug therapy. Thus, the MLHFQ indicator in the Physical Training group changed by an average of 25.2 points, and in the Standard Drug Therapy group – by 5.7 points, amounting to 37.3 ± 5.9 in the Physical Training group, and 58.2 ± 2.1 in the Standard Drug Therapy group (p = 0.001).Conclusions. Physical training in patients with CHF associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus against the background of optimal drug therapy leads to an increase in the distance according to the results of the 6-minute walk test and contributes to an improvement in the quality of life.

Physıcal Punıshment Agaınst Chıldren in Türkiye: The Necessıty of Alternatıve Dıscıplıne Methods

The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence of corporal punishment against children in Türkiye and the negative effects of this practice on children's physical and psychological health. Corporal punishment is considered as a disciplinary method that harms children's development and leads to long-term negative consequences. Studies conducted in Türkiye show that physical violence against children at home is at an alarming level and is accepted as a cultural norm. The study discusses how corporal punishment disrupts children's emotional and social development and how such punishments can lead to permanent traumas in children. The necessity of alternative discipline methods is emphasised and it is explained how positive discipline contributes to children's self-control, healthy relationships and positive behaviours. In conclusion, the importance for parents and educators to adopt and implement positive discipline methods instead of corporal punishment is emphasised. These methods contribute positively to both individual development and social adaptation of children.

Relationship between physical exercise and college students' social adaptation: the chain mediating role of self-esteem and peer attachment.

Physical exercise is an important way for college students to keep healthy, and social adaptation is an important part of college students' mental health. Therefore, this study explores strategies to enhance college students' social adaptation from the perspective of physical exercise, examining the correlation between physical exercise and college students' social adaptation, and delving into the roles of self-esteem and peer attachment in this relationship. A stratified cluster sampling method was used to collect data from 809 college students at Zhaoqing University (average age 19.88 ± 1.22, of whom 399 were male and 410 were female) using the physical exercise scale, college students' social adaptation scale, self-esteem scale, and peer attachment scale. For data analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, structural equation modeling, and bias-corrected percentile bootstrap methods were sequentially performed. (1) Physical exercise was positively correlated with college students' social adaptation (r = 0.58, p < 0.01), and the direct path between physical exercise and college students' social adaptation was significant (β = 0.28, p < 0.01, CI[0.22, 0.33]); (2) Physical exercise was positively correlated with self-esteem (β = 0.56, p < 0.01, CI[0.50, 0.62]) and peer attachment (β = 0.18, p < 0.01, CI[0.11, 0.26]); self-esteem was positively correlated with peer attachment (β = 0.36, p < 0.01, CI[0.28, 0.43]) and college students' social adaptation (β = 0.43, p < 0.01, CI[0.37, 0.49]); peer attachment was positively correlated with college students' social adaptation (β = 0.18, p < 0.01, CI[0.12, 0.23]); (3) The relationship between physical exercise and social adaptation was not only mediated independently by self-esteem and peer attachment, but also indirectly by the same two factors in a chain reaction. Physical exercise can not only directly predict college students' social adaptation, but also indirectly predict college students' social adaptation through the independent mediation and chain mediation of self-esteem and peer attachment. It reveals that we should combine more important physical exercise with mental health education for students.

Differences in Social Adaptation of Rural Children between Different Family Socioeconomic Status: The Coupling Effect of Family Intimacy and Social Support

This study analyzes the influence of family social-economic status on children's social adaptability in rural areas and analyzes its mechanism. Based on the survey data of rural children on social adaptation, this study examined the mediation effect of family intimacy and social support between family SES and social adaptation. Results: ① Children with different family socioeconomic status showed differences in family closeness, social support and social adaptation scores; ② Rural children showed a positive correlation between family socioeconomic status, social support and social adaptation(r = 0.178-0.62, P &lt;0.001); ③ family closeness and social support played some intermediary role in family socioeconomic status and social adaptation, with the mediation effect values were 0.290 and 0.250 respectively;④ Family closeness and social support played a chain mediation role between family SES and social adaptation, with an effect value of 0.256. Under the objective conditions of rural families social and economic status, it is particularly important and necessary to promote the intimate relationship within families and strengthen the construction of social support network for rural children for their healthy growth and improve their social adaptability.

Effects of Cognitive Flexibility, Prosocial and Problem Behaviours, Parenting Style and Social Support on Social Adaptation Among Children With Leukaemia: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach.

Leukaemia children often encounter various social adaptation issues stemming from changes in their living environment. Identifying and optimising the factors associated with social adaptation is crucial in improving social adaptation in children with leukaemia. To investigate social adaptation in children with leukaemia and to clarify the impact pathway of cognitive flexibility, problem behaviour, prosocial behaviour, parenting style and social support on social adaptation. Using a convenience sampling method, 264 leukaemia children completed a cross-sectional survey. Data were collected using the Social Adaptation Assessment Scale for Children with Leukaemia, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, Cognitive Flexibility Scale, Short-Egna Minnenav Barndoms Uppfostran and Multi-Dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Structural equation modelling was used to test the influencing factors of social adaptation. Social support directly influenced social adaptation (β = 0.19, p < 0.01) and indirectly influenced social adaptation through prosocial behaviour (β = 0.06, p < 0.01) and problem behaviour (β = 0.18, p < 0.01). Prosocial behaviour (β = 0.17, p < 0.01) and problem behaviour (β = -0.61, p < 0.01) directly influenced social adaptation. Negative parenting directly influenced social adaptation (β = 0.12, p < 0.01) and indirectly influenced social adaptation (β = -0.23, p < 0.01) through problem behaviour. Our finding indicated that there are prominent social adjustment problems in the recovery process of children with leukaemia. These findings suggest that targeted education is needed to enhance social adaptation among children with leukaemia. The final model should serve as a framework to guide intervention research targeting social support and negative parenting to improve the social adaptation of children with leukaemia. During the recovery process, nurses need to regularly follow up on the children's social adaptation and encourage them to participate in social activities to increase social support while providing family guidance based on improving parenting styles. The subjects of this study were children with leukaemia aged 8-18 years. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Improving physical healthcare for people experiencing mental illness: The COMITMENT project

Abstract Background People experiencing mental illness (PMI) face significant challenges in accessing and using somatic healthcare services, reducing their overall life expectancy by up to 20 years. The COMITMENT project aimed to identify barriers and facilitators in accessing and using somatic healthcare services for PMI and co-design strategies that could address existing challenges. Methods This study employed a qualitative participatory approach, involving a “trialogic” steering group composed of a person with lived experience of mental illness, a family member and caregiver of PMI, as well as a health professional. Two co-design workshops were conducted with members of each trialogic group, based on “World Café” methodology, facilitating open discussion between and among the three perspectives. Data was gathered through participant observations and systematically collecting participants’ workshop contributions, and analyzed thematically. Results Overall, 52 people participated in the two workshops. Findings identified six overarching themes regarding challenges in somatic healthcare access/use for PMI: (1) accessibility and facility design, (2) support and bureaucracy, (3) awareness among healthcare professionals, (4) societal awareness, (5) structural diversity of services, and (6) lack of networking abilities. Notable insights include inclusivity design requirements for healthcare facilities and the importance of integrating lived experiences of PMI into the training of healthcare professionals to reduce stigma. Conclusions This study underscores the critical need for systemic changes to improve somatic care for PMI. It suggests that greater awareness among healthcare professionals, coupled with more inclusive service design and enhanced networking abilities, could substantially improve the quality of healthcare for PMI. The COMITMENT project provides robust and co-designed results for social, systemic, and political reforms aimed at reducing healthcare inequity. Key messages • This study shows how direct involvement of relevant stakeholders improves the design of interventions that truly meet the needs of people with mental illness regarding somatic healthcare services. • To improve healthcare access and treatment for people experiencing mental illness, systemic social, design, educational, and political changes and adaptations are required.

Leveraging epidemiological data for the development of interventions to promote healthy nutrition and physical activity among adolescents from disadvantaged backgrounds

Abstract ePro-Schools is a public health initiative designed to promote healthy nutrition and physical activity among adolescents from socially disadvantaged backgrounds using a targeted e-health intervention to be deployed in the school context. A central theme of ePro-Schools is its robust cross-sectoral collaboration, involving stakeholders from academia, healthcare, education, and local communities. This cooperative approach not only enhances the intervention’s relevance and efficacy but also ensures its cultural, social, and economic adaptability to the needs of the target population. The project embodies a truly interdisciplinary effort, integrating insights from epidemiology, behavioural science, public health, and digital technology to innovate and improve health promotion strategies. This presentation will explore how data from epidemiological studies, such as the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study, are used to support the development of the ePro-Schools intervention. Utilizing high-quality epidemiological data, the project identifies key determinants of physical activity, dietary habits, and sedentary behaviour amongst adolescents growing up in low-SES contexts, allowing to craft tailored strategies to promote healthier lifestyles within this vulnerable population.

SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT IN VETERAN DEVELOPMENT CENTERS: PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE

Institutions of higher education actively participate in the implementation of the state veteran policy. The article characterizes the practical experience of the Center for Veteran Development in providing first-level psychological assistance. Research methods applied: analysis of the activities of the Center for Veteran Development of Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University, generalization of the main forms of social and psychological support for veterans and their family members; study of the official website of the institution of higher education. The main form of socio-psychological support for veterans and veterans is Veteran Development Centers. The article`s purpose is to characterize the practical experience of the Center for Veteran Development in providing first-level psychological assistance. Research methods: analysis of the activities of the Center for Veteran Development of Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University, generalization of the main forms of social and psychological support for veterans and their family members; study of the official website of the institution of higher education. Since 2023, such a center has been created based on Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University. The university staff is working on creating a barrier-free space and accessible services. Among the forms of work of the center: individual psychological counseling is provided; group therapeutic classes, psychoeducation, and information sessions are practiced; rehabilitation programs are being developed; measures to support families are in demand; relaxation techniques and therapies are effective; individual work on social and psychological adaptation is carried out; training work is popular. Volunteer activities are systematically carried out by specialists and volunteers of the Center. It is possible to study for veterans at the university, as well as to study a foreign language.

Realization of the right to education by children with migration history: Russian practices and foreign experience (The end)

Involvement of children with migration history in the Russian education system is a necessary condition for their integration into the host society, their future economic and social success. Less than 20% of migrant children living in our country attend schools. But even their education causes serious problems due to poor knowledge of the Russian language, gaps in general education, and upbringing in a different ethno-cultural environment, often differing in its values and accepted rules of behavior. Russia and foreign countries are implementing a variety of legal and organizational measures aimed at solving these problems and social adaptation of migrant children. The subject of this article is the analysis and generalization of the most effective practices.

Swinging Pendulum: The Social Adaptation of Returnees from Universities

College teachers now have more opportunities to engage in transnational education as people enter a new era of globalization and the shift toward a knowledge-based society. However, they also face various challenges in social adaptation. It has become a critical issue to enhance the sense of belonging and career resilience of the returnees from universities. By using a qualitative research method with the data from a respective provincial university in China, this study aims to explore the process and influencing factors of the social adaptation of returnees and finds that the social adaptation of returnees has gone through the process of longing, division, adjustment, and integration, which varies with individual and cultural differences. Social adaptation is similar to the swing and vibration of a clock. The working environment is the primary source of adverse cultural impact and ones social network support is negatively associated with social adaptation. Also, self-efficacy and informal social support networks play key roles in the adaptation process. To mitigate the re-entry shock, recommendations include optimizing work environments, providing emotional counseling, and enhancing organizational structures.

The effect of functional asymmetry of the brain on the consumption of psychoactive substances by adolescents in South Siberian regions: prevention strategies

Introduction. It is assumed that the functional asymmetry of the brain must be taken into account in a complex of other predisposing factors that influence the tendency to various kinds of deviations in adolescents, in particular, the consumption of psychoactive substances.Purpose setting. The aim of the study was to study the relationship between functional asymmetry of the brain and the consumption of psychoactive substances (alcohol, nicotine) in adolescents of the South Siberian regions (Tuva, Altai).Methodology and methods of the study. 2 559 adolescents aged 14–17 years, students of educational institutions were examined. All students completed a specially designed questionnaire on their substance use. Motor, sensory and mental asymmetry have been studied. The test «Self-assessment of mental states of personality» was applied for adolescence by G. Aizenk in the interpretation of O. V. Zikeeva. The statistical analysis was carried out in the SPSS-26 program.Results. It has been shown that right-hemisphere adolescents have significantly more pronounced anxiety, frustration and rigidity, indicating a violation of social adaptation and predisposing to the consumption of psychoactive substances, which indirectly confirms the influence of functional asymmetry of the brain. Right- brain adolescents are more vulnerable to nicotine and alcohol. Conclusion. The results obtained allow us to substantiate prevention strategies that should take into account the functional asymmetry of the target audience’s brain.

Distraction osteogenesis in the treatment of transverse malocclusions in children

Relevance. Malocclusions accounts for 37% to 89% of all maxillofacial conditions in children aged 3 to 18 across various regions of Russia. These malocclusions can present as isolated issues in a single plane or as combined anomalies across multiple planes. Jaw narrowing or underdevelopment is influenced by various endogenous and exogenous factors. The choice of treatment depends on the severity of the malocclusion. While literature indicates several effective methods for treating transverse malocclusions, some aspects remain insufficiently explored.Materials and methods. A statistical analysis was conducted on 271 patient records of individuals with transverse malocclusions who received treatment in the Department of Pediatric Maxillofacial Surgery at A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, between 2013 and 2023.Results. There was an almost equal distribution of patients by gender, with a noticeable increase in medical consultations from 2013 to 2023. The majority of surgically treated patients were between 15 and 17 years old. Isolated transverse malocclusions were significantly less common than cases combined with other pathologies, with mesial occlusion being the most frequent comorbidity.Conclusion. The findings demonstrate a significant need for surgical treatment in pediatric patients with transverse malocclusions through distraction osteogenesis. This underscores the importance of continually improving treatment methods for children, including enhancing diagnostics, refining treatment indications, optimizing distraction protocols, and adjusting treatment courses. These efforts aim to improve the quality of rehabilitation for children, ensuring better outcomes into adulthood and facilitating their social adaptation.

Rehabilitation of Pediatric Patients with Proctological Anomalies

More than 240 observations were analyzed. Patients are conditionally divided into three groups: 1) primary with a smooth postoperative course, A special group consists of patients with combined developmental defects. In most cases, these are so-called regional defects of the urinary tract, sacrococcygeal region. Individual attention should be paid to the issue of social adaptation and rehabilitation of children suffering from malformations of the colon and rectum. Rehabilitation of proctological patients of childhood is a complex medical and social problem that requires the integration of knowledge and actions of specialists from many services subordinate to various departments. The aim of this work: The purpose of this work is to evaluate the effectiveness of the rehabilitation of pediatric patients with proctological anomalies.

What Is the (Lack Of) Integration? An Intergroup Perspective Using the Photovoice Methodology

Photovoice is a participatory action research (PAR) method that employes photographic language to explore individuals’ stories and living contexts. This study explores the representations of young participants, both immigrants and non-immigrants, concerning integration—defined within Berry’s (1997) framework as a bidirectional process of cultural and social adaptation between migrants and host communities—and the lack of integration within their neighborhood in Reggio Emilia, Italy. The participants included 12 young individuals (6 migrants and 6 locals) aged 19 to 29, two peer researchers, and one researcher. Over the course of two weekly three-hour meetings, participants captured and discussed photos depicting their perspectives on integration. The findings highlighted diverse conceptualizations of integration. Participants emphasized the reciprocal relationship between migrants and locals, illustrating how positive interactions with schools, workplaces, and public spaces facilitate integration. Additionally, successful migrants were seen as models of empowerment. Conversely, themes such as poverty, loneliness, discrimination, and the impact of war emerged as significant barriers to integration. This study underscores the dynamic and interactive nature of integration, as experienced by young people in multicultural settings. It highlights how Photovoice methodology can effectively capture nuanced perspectives on integration, foster mutual understanding, and facilitate intergroup relationships. The method fosters personal and community reflection, actively engaging its audience in critical discussions about integration.

Clinical, functional and neuropsychological status of joint replacement patients

Introduction The number of hip and knee replacement surgeries is increasing annually in Russia and worldwide. The majority of patients receiving joint arthroplasties are elderly women.The objective was to assess the clinical, functional and neuropsychological status of patients undergoing total knee or hip replacement.Material and methods The study included 448 patients admitted for elective surgery of total knee or hip replacement at the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics of the Federal Center for High Medical Technologies (CHMT, Kaliningrad Region). Anthropometric parameters of the patients were measured, the medical history and concomitant diseases recorded. Common blood count and biochemistry test were evaluated preoperatively. Neuropsychological examination included assessment of cognitive and executive functions, levels of distress, depression, anxiety and somatization.Results Almost all patients studied were found to have varying degrees of obesity. A typical combination of concomitant pathology in volunteers was stage 2 hypertension, risk degree 2–3, and chronic gastritis in remission. Half of the volunteers showed moderate and high levels of distress, depression, anxiety and somatization. A significant number of volunteers showed moderate to high levels of cognitive decline. Age- and sex-related blood counts were slightly different from the normal ranges for a CBC and biochemistry. Changes in leukocyte count were detected.Discussion Leukocyte counts indicated the osteoarthritis induced inflammatory process in most patients. Mitochondrial dysfunction and aging of the immune system contributed to the “proinflammatory status.” The high rate of cognitive impairment in volunteers was associated with age and comorbidity, cardiovascular conditions, in particular. Distress and anxiety were associated with emotional reactions to surgery.Conclusion The factors reported can affect the duration and course of rehabilitation. The “pro-inflammatory status” of patients can complicate the healing of a postoperative wound. Neuropsychological disorders noted during postoperative rehabilitation can have a significant impact on physical recovery, social and professional adaptation.

Signal detection analysis of affective prosody recognition in forensic inpatients who have committed sexual offenses

ABSTRACT Socio-affective functioning, or the way we interact and relate to others, is one of the four dynamic sexual recidivism risk domains. Accurately recognizing emotions enables the inference of mental and affective states supporting social adaptation. As little attention has been paid to affective prosody recognition in forensic inpatients who have committed sexual offenses (FICSOs), this study assessed the accuracy and sensitivity scores of 111 male participants assigned into three groups: FICSOs (n = 35), forensic inpatients who have committed non-sexual offenses (FICNSOs, n = 26) and community members (CoM, n = 50). Collected data also include response bias, emotion labeling reflection time, task easiness and task easiness reflection time. Using non-parametric group comparisons (Kruskal–Wallis H and Mann–Whitney U), results highlight, overall, a pervasive impairment of affective prosody recognition in FICSOs and FICNSOs compared to CoM. However, there was no difference in disgust sensitivity scores between FICSOs and CoM. FICSOs and FICNSOs took significantly longer than CoM to select an emotional label, especially for happiness. In addition, a metacognitive impairment was found in FICSOs and FICNSOs as they found the task significantly easier than CoM while being less sensitive.

Analysis of the organization and conduct of sports events in the Armed Forces of Ukraine and the armed forces of the leading states – NATO member states with military personnel with limited functional capabilities

During the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation into Ukraine, servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, defending their country from the aggressor, received injuries of various degrees of severity, including amputation of limbs. After receiving injuries and wounds, servicemen go through significant psychological and physical disorders, which are difficult for them to deal with alone. Therefore, with the specified category of servicemen, it is necessary to carry out medical, psychological, and physical rehabilitation, as well as to develop programs for their adaptation to civilian life with the mandatory involvement of them in sports events. The Russian-Ukrainian war leads to an increase in the number of servicemen with limited functional capabilities. This indicates the search for optimal ways of their adaptation to the normal conditions of existence and functioning in the social environment and among the collective of their units and parts. Unfortunately, historical analysis shows that our servicemen with limited functional capabilities are in urgent need of social adaptation, especially with the start of hostilities on the territory of Ukraine since 2014, in connection with Russia's armed aggression against Ukraine. That is why various sports federations, public organizations and active public figures in Ukraine hold competitions involving servicemen with limited functional capabilities, namely; "National Invincible Games", "Strong of Ukraine", "Kyiv Unbreakable", "Hero Games", "Veteran Ten", "Invincible Cup" football, "Strong of Ukraine", "I am your hand" and others. According to the results of the performances, the best athletes with disabilities represent our country at international level competitions, such as the Invictus Games.

Online complementary interventions for the development of social communication in children during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic

For elementary school children, engaging in diverse communication experiences with peers of varying ages during free play is crucial for developing social adaptability. However, the COVID-19 pandemic caused an unprecedented interruption to this learning process, as the new school year in Japan, which typically starts in April, began with widespread school closures. A novel intervention was implemented to address the ongoing societal constraints of the &amp;ldquo;stay-at-home&amp;rdquo; mandate and the uncertainty surrounding its duration. This intervention aimed to facilitate and promote peer communication while minimizing the risk of COVID-19 infection. It utilized then-unfamiliar Internet-based conferencing systems on Children&amp;rsquo;s Day, 1 month into the new school year. We explored two main analytical aspects to enhance the efficacy of this communication method: first, the types of play proposed by children that attracted the highest participation from unfamiliar peers; second, the duration of participation and communication, particularly regarding age and gender differences. Remarkably, despite only 2 days&amp;rsquo; notice, 15 children aged 4 &amp;ndash; 14 from five different, previously unknown communities located 1,000 km apart participated enthusiastically. In the first investigation, 12 types of play were introduced by the children. The most engaging activities included collaborative drawing on a shared online whiteboard and a scavenger hunt for specified objects. Notably, older children participated significantly longer in the online presenter&amp;rsquo;s activities, while younger children preferred to play within their own community. This study proposes that online conferencing can facilitate social interaction among children during pandemics. The intervention successfully fostered collaborative play among children of varying ages and from distant locations. In addition, the findings indicate the necessity to adjust the quality and focus of interventions based on age-specific psychological development. Further verification with more implementation examples and a larger participant pool is required.

Social and pedagogical assistance to adolescents with intellectual disabilities

Importance. One of the pressing problems of correctional psychological and pedagogical assistance to children with intellectual developmental disabilities is the possibility of early initiation of correction and the choice of effective correctional and developmental methods for the purpose of their maximum socialization. Purpose of the study: orrectional and developmental activities introduction into adaptive physical education classes to increase the social adaptation level of adolescents 14–15 years old with mild mental disability.Materials and Methods. 20 teenagers aged 14–15 years with mild mental disability, studying in a correctional school of type VIII, took part in the pedagogical experiment. Two groups are formed: a control group, studying according to a standard program for people with disabilities, and an experimental group, in which, as part of pedagogical control, 30 correctional and developmental classes, 30 minutes each, are conducted 1–2 times a week, as part of adaptive physical education classes. The tools for assessing the effectiveness of the correctional classes are: determination of the group cohesion index using K.E. Sishor’s psychometric test, determining the aggressiveness level using Bass–Darki’s questionnaire, assessing communication skills using B.A. Fedorishin’s assessment.Results and Discussion. Corrective and developmental activities carried out during adaptive physical education classes had a positive impact on the communication abilities development in adolescents aged 14–15 years with mild mental disability. After conducting a pedagogical experiment, adolescents in the experimental group significantly improved the average diagnostic test scores (p ˂ 0.05) on the following tests: K.E. Sishor’s psychometric test, B.A. Fedorishin’s communicative inclinations assessment, Bass–Darki’s questionnaire.Conclusion. The introduction of developed correctional and educational activities into the adaptive physical education classes program made it possible to increase the social adaptation level of adolescents 14–15 years old with mild mental disability.

SPECIFICITIES OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PARALYSIS IN A FAMILY-ORIENTED MODEL OF INTERVENTIONS

Families with a child with cerebral palsy (CP) face a number of medical, economic, legal, educational and psychological problems from the moment of birth. The main responsibility for the child's development lies with families, as it is there that key aspects of the child's personality are formed. There is a clear dependence of a child's psychological and physical health on the psychological climate of the family. Children with such disorders need to be provided with favorable conditions that will help compensate for the consequences of their disabilities. They need the support of qualified specialists and, most importantly, a warm and friendly attitude from their parents and the environment [1]. It should be emphasized that there are a number of factors that contribute to the psychological maladjustment of children with cerebral palsy in the family environment, which should be known to the child's relatives. First and foremost, it is the inadequate assessment of physical and mental development by parents, as well as the psychological atmosphere in the family. These factors cause deformation of the child's psyche and complicate his or her social adaptation, and negatively affect motor activity and treatment and rehabilitation processes. There are two sides to this situation: on the one hand, parents who find it difficult to understand the complexity of the situation and the child who needs special care, treatment and education. Physical rehabilitation requires the active participation of the person being rehabilitated, but with children, especially young children, this process is too complex for quality rehabilitation and requires the participation of parents. It is also important to take into account the role of the family in the development of motor skills, as it helps to integrate therapeutic techniques into the child's daily life. The aim of the study was to analyze the latest research and approaches to determine the peculiarities of cooperation between a physical therapist and families raising children with cerebral palsy. Using the Internet search databases and the bibliosemantic method, the peculiarities of applying a family-centered approach, motor training, principles of neuroplasticity and home exercise programs to improve the motor activity of children with cerebral palsy were determined. This article describes some peculiarities of physical therapist's work with patients suffering from cerebral palsy. The peculiarity is that these patients are children and when working with children, unlike adults where motivation comes first, intervention approaches in children are formed on the basis of pleasure. Accordingly, various specialists should be involved at all stages to ensure the normal functioning and development of the child. However, the role of parents in this process remains no less important, as they should be the main link that connects these processes for the well-being of the child. The review analyses research on motor training and home exercise programs. The family-centred approach to physical rehabilitation for children with cerebral palsy emphasizes the role of the family as a key factor in achieving goals and improving the child's quality of life. Involving the family in physical therapy helps to integrate therapeutic techniques into the daily life of the child and his or her family. Conclusions. The family-centred approach is characterised by the active participation of the family in the rehabilitation process. This is important because the family plays a crucial role in supporting and motivating the child during treatment. This approach not only provides treatment, but also provides the family with the knowledge, skills and resources to continue to help the child in their daily lives. This approach aims not only to improve the child's functioning, but also to help the child become part of the wider family and social environment. This promotes greater integration and independence. Thus, the family-centred approach to physical rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy demonstrates the importance of family support and integration during treatment, contributing to the comprehensive improvement of both the physical and psychosocial condition of the child.