Social Adaptation Problems Research Articles

To Associate Between Social Adaptive Behavior and Socio Demographic Variables among Children with Chronic Illness

Back Ground: Chronic Illness is disorders or diseases that compromise well-being, either temporarily or chronically. These conditions are risk factors for Social behavior problem. Analyzing the prevalence of Social behavior problems of children with chronic illness and identifying related risk factors is of theoretical and practical relevance. It helps to understand psychosocial consequences of chronic diseases and provides valuable information for clinicians regarding who should be screened for what kind of problems. There are various factors that influence the social adaptive behavior of the child with chronic illness. Identification of association of demographic variable shall provide the underlying associated causes for such behavioral problem. Aim and Objective: This study analyses the association of socio-demographic factors and social adaptive behavior problems of pediatrics with chronic illness. Samples and Methods: The study was carried out in 90 pediatric patients in MMM hospital between age group 1 to 6 years. The samples were selected through convenient sampling technique. The Tool used for data collection and assessment of social maturity level is Semi structured questionnaire which include. Section A: Socio demographic profile and Section B: The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) A parent-report questionnaire. Result: The association between the social adaptive behavior problems and demographic variables using chi square test reveals that socio demographic variables such as economic factors and medical condition have significant association with the behavior of the child. Conclusion: The preliminary study concludes the association between the socio demographic factors and behavior. This particularly emphasizes on multidimensional assessment and treatment.

TRUDNOŚCI W ADAPTACJI SPOŁECZNEJ DZIECKA W PRZEDSZKOLU: BADANIE CZYNNIKÓW

W artykule zanalizowano problem adaptacji społecznej dzieci w okre- sie przedszkolnym. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań udało się wskazać trud- ności etapu adaptacyjnego, w szczególności związane z wysokim poziomem lęku oraz specyfiką relacji międzyludzkich. Poziom lęku jako czynnik nabyty przekłada się na takie zjawiska, jak: duża wrażliwość na sytuacje, w których zaangażowane są emocje, nieświadoma niepewność w zakresie własnych umiejętności, pragnienie, by podtrzymać znaną sobie pozycję, która współgra z wizją swojej osoby, a także ostre reakcje emocjonalne w sytuacjach, gdy tej wizji grozi zmiana. W tekście przedstawiono możliwe sposoby radzenia sobie z tymi zjawiskami. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na specjalnie wyselekcjonowane gry motoryczne, które nie tylko pozwalają dzieciom się zintegrować i pozbyć poczucia izolacji, lecz także złagodzić stres towarzyszący adaptacji do środowiska przedszkolnego.

The Content of Pedagogical Support of Students’ Social Adaptation

In today's world the development of pedagogical science is influenced by a number of global trends, one of which is the dynamism of social processes. The relevance of understanding the problem of social adaptation of pedagogical support of students is determined by processes that occur in modern society. The purpose of the article is to determine the content of pedagogical support of students’ social adaptation. The leading method is the method of unfinished sentences, allowing to define a set of personal qualities, knowledge, skills and values, the formation of which in the course of purposeful activity of teachers, ensure successful social adaptation of students. An analysis of empirical data allowed to identify features of the implementation of pedagogical support of social adaptation of students in various fields of social adaptation (society, family, educational organizations, including informal communication, the sphere of personal adaptation). For each field there was identified a set of knowledge, life values, skills and social roles, the formation of which should be motivated by teachers in the course of carrying out their support. The findings of the article will enable practical education staff to carry out pedagogical support of social adaptation of students purposefully and systematically.

Аудиоэкскурсия как средство проектирования доступной среды для слабовидящих (незрячих) людей

The article describes the problem of social and cultural adaptation and pedagogical support of continuous personal development of visually impaired (blind) people. There is a brief overview of the various aspects of this problem. The article emphasizes the urgency of creating an accessible environment for these groups of people with disabilities. It describes the psychological and pedagogical regularities underlying the design environment of personal development and important components of the environment (stimuli, procedure opportunities, developing content and communication activities), providing a process of continuously increasing the subjective status of a person in the course of its life. The article characterizes special feature of adaptation and rehabilitation of persons with disabilities who lost their sight in the later stages of ontogenesis. Authors identify the features of perception of its surroundings, typical of this group of disabled people emotional distress and special needs. They determine the need for psychological support and aid the visually impaired (blind) people with different subjective status. The authors find the solution of the stated problem of expansion of borders available for the visually impaired (blind) people environment the authors are looking for in tourism. They propose to develop for the visually impaired special kind of tour – audio tours, allowing you to recreate the sound atmosphere of the knowledge of new places and cultural attractions. The article discusses quality differences of the audio guide and audio guide. The authors provide recommendations for the design of audio tours for the visually impaired (blind) people. In addition, they propose the algorithm of the technology of creation of the audio guide consisting of five steps. They list the necessary conditions for the design of audio tours: composition required for the project implementation specialists and logistics support. The article emphasizes the social importance of the activities on the creation of audio tours for healthy people.

Étude sur l’attachement et les troubles du comportement à l’adolescence chez des jeunes placés en institution

ObjectiveDrawing on attachment theory this study seeks to show the existence of a link between behavioral and social skills among teenagers placed in care with a failure in their social attachments. Our hypothesis is that the attachment of these young people will be significantly influenced by insecurity, they will have behavioral and poor social adaptation problems and that these insecure attachments will correlate with behavioral disorder and poor social adaptation. MethodsThe study involved 26 teenagers ranging from 12 to 15 years. They completed the Inventory of Attachment to Parents and Peers (IPPA Armsden and Greenberg, 1987) and to study behavior and social adaptation, we used the LCE, the French validated version of the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). ResultsThe results of the research showed that these young people's representation of their parental attachment tended towards the secure, that they had both externalized and internalized behavioral issues, poor social adaptation, and in particular experienced issues at school. Furthermore we were able to establish a link between maternal attachment and antisocial personality disorders. ConclusionThis study will enable insight into the understanding of behaviors of institutionalized teenagers in order to inform and adjust therapies.

Problems of social adaptation of international students in Russia

Problems of social adaptation of international students in Russia

MEDICAL AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN ANOPHTHALMIC SYNDROME

National and foreign literature on the problem of anophthalmic syndrome and social adaptation of people with this pathology has been surveyed. The article describes bases of formation of a qualitative support-motor eyeball stump with the following achievement of cosmetic effect by means of eye prosthetics.

Optimization of nurses to provide medical assistance to persons with disabilities

Abstract: Social rehabilitation of persons with disabilities is an important tool for the integra-tion of persons with disabilities in society as a mechanism for the creation of equal opportunities for persons with disabilities, in order to be socially popular. The aim of social rehabilitation is to restore the social status of an individual, the provision of social adaptation in society, achieving fi-nancial independence. Basic principles of social rehabilitation are: as early as possible to implement rehabilitation measures, continuity and stages of their implementation, consistency and complexity, individual approach. Keywords: disability, social adaptation, nurse, organization, educational institution. In the third Millennium, the population of the planet should be aware of the presence of persons with disabilities and the need to create normal liv-ing conditions. According to the UN, every tenth person on the planet has a disability, one in 10 suf-fers from a physical, mental or sensory impairment and at least 25 % of the total population suffers from health problems [7].The problem of social-psychological adapta-tion of persons with disabilities to the conditions of life in society is one of the most important facets of the overall integration problems [2]. Recently, this question takes on added importance and urgency due to large changes in attitudes towards people who are disabled. Despite this, the process of adaptation of this category of citizens to the basics of social life remains virtually unexplored, and it determines all the effectiveness of those corrective actions taken by the professionals working with persons with dis -abilities. The time has come to present disability as a problem of a certain range of “inferior people”, and as a problem of society as a whole. Its essence is de-fined legal, economic, productive, communicative, psychological features of the interaction of disability with the surrounding reality.The most serious disability associated with the occurrence of numerous social barriers that prevent persons with disabilities and persons with chronic diseases, to actively engage in society. This situa-tion is related to social policies, which mainly focuses on the healthy part of the population and expresses the interests of this category of citizens. Therefore, the structure of production and life, culture and leisure, social services are still not fully adapted to the needs of sick people. The relationship of people with disabilities and healthy is a powerful factor in the adaptation process. As the experience of many countries, people with disabilities are often even with all the potential to participate actively in social and productive activities, are unable to implement them because the rest of the citizens do not want to communicate with them, entrepreneurs are afraid to employ a disabled person often simply in virtue of the well-established negative stereotypes [3].The problem of social adaptation relevant for chil -dren with severe or multiple disabilities. Students’ lack of experience of interaction with others. 80% of them his whole life was in a narrow circle of the family or in a boarding school. Social adaptation is one of the stages of integration in society. Thus, the problem of social adaptation and integration into society of per-sons with peculiar psychophysical development is a priority in special education [4].Social adaptation — the process of active adapta -tion of the individual to the demands of society [6].Currently, in many countries one of the main means of social integration is the socialization, i.e., “the development of the human person, in coordi-nation with and under the influence of the environ-ment, due to specific social factors” [5].About one family of four is composed of a per-son with disabilities. According to official statistics, China has more than 60 million people with disabili -ties, which is 5% of the population in the U. S.—

Этнопсихологические особенности иностранных студентов и национальные различия их образовательных систем

The article deals with the issue of harmonization of pre-university cognitive experience of foreigners and linguo-didactic technologies of communicative competence formations in the language learning in multinational groups in Ukrainian non-linguistic universities on the basis of nationally oriented approach. Some problems of social and cultural adaptation and role of effective methods of speech skills in their elimination are revealed

Когнитивно-стилевые факторы защитного поведения больных шизофренией

The article deals with the problem of social adaptation of patients with the initial stage of paranoid schizophrenia; mechanisms of psychological defense directed on decreasing anxiety are considered as important forms of adaptation behavior of patients with paranoid schizophrenia; certain features of the cognitive sphere are at the basis of psychological defense. The author calls attention to a brief literature review of views of the nature of these cognitive features. On this evidence in the article they experimentally test a thesis that features of the cognitive-style sphere are the basis of choosing and activization of one or another form of psychological defense of patients with paranoid schizophrenia. This aspect of considering interrelation of a cognitive style and psychological defense is not reflected in domestic and foreign sources.The author has examined 80 patients with paranoid schizophrenia (with disease duration no more than a year); all the patients were in medicated remission at the moment of examination. For realization of research objectives the author has used psychodiagnostic techniques directed on studying features of defense behavior and characteristics of the cognitive-style sphere. As a result of the carried out research the author has revealed mechanisms of psychological defense prevailing in the structure of defense behavior of patients with paranoid schizophrenia: intellectualization, displacement, regression, compensation. By results of the carried out research, the basis of defense behavior of patients with the diagnosis “schizophrenia, a paranoid form” is a great differentiation and structuredness of information processing at excessive submission to situational factors and subjective difficulty of overcoming their influence; low accuracy of perceptual scanning with difficulties of distinguishing contextual significant signs in a multiple-choice situation, insufficiency of the preliminary analysis of the perceived information; low level of a categorial control.

Constructivist Approach to the Problem of Social Psychological Adaptation of Migrants

This article analyzes the problem of migration, research on the social psychological adaptation of migrants in theRussian and foreign psychology, different approaches developed in the paradigm of constructivism are shown.Directions of research on adaptation of migrants that are relevant to the purpose of determining the possibilitiesof using the constructivist approach in addressing adaptation of migrants to the new social environment arepresented. The features that are common to all constructivist approaches that characterize the possibility of usinga constructive approach in social psychological support of migrants in adapting to the new environment areallocated.

Longitudinal effects of psychological symptoms on non-suicidal self-injury: a difference between adolescents and young adults in China.

Few longitudinal studies have examined the psychological symptoms that may lead to non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among Chinese adolescents and young adults. This study determined the predictive effects of psychological symptoms for NSSI during a 9-month follow-up period. Data from 17,622 students, 12-24 years of age, were analyzed in a cross-sectional fashion with respect to associations between psychological symptoms and NSSI. Follow-up surveys were performed 3, 6, and 9 months later. Incident cases of NSSI during follow-up were correlated with the psychological symptoms at baseline. A total of 3,001 (17.0%) students reported that they had NSSI in the 12 months before the initial assessment. The total rate of NSSI revealed no statistically significant differences by gender, but marked differences between grades. The response rate 3, 6, and 9 months later was 91.8, 81.8, and 79.1%, respectively. Our cross-sectional study demonstrated statistically significant associations between emotional problems, conduct problems, social adaptation problems, psychological problems, and NSSI (P < 0.01). In the longitudinal study, emotional problems, conduct problems, social adaptation problems, and psychological problems at baseline had statistically significant associations with incident NSSI in follow-up involving the adolescents, while the association in young adults was attenuated after adjustment for confounding variables. Moreover, psychological symptoms at baseline showed a monotonic dose-response relationship with NSSI in follow-up involving adolescents. The findings suggest that adolescents with psychological symptoms are a group with elevated risks for later NSSI. The prevention programs of NSSI should target attenuating the severity of psychological symptoms.

Clinical and psychological characteristics and quality of life in teenagers with а long-lasting low-grade fever both associated and not associated with hypothalamic syndrome

Aim. To describe clinical and psychological characteristics and quality of life in teenagers with a long-lasting low-grade fever associated with hypothalamic syndrome. Methods. Life history, objective status were assessed, clinical, laboratory and instrumental examinations were performed, quality of life and psychological status were estimated throughout the study. Clinical and laboratory investigations included complete blood count, urinalysis, stool examination; blood immunochemistry for mycoplasma, chlamydia, herpes virus, cytomegalovirus; blood biochemistry; bacteriology of nose and the pharynx swabs. Instrumental investigations included skull and cervical spine X-Ray, neurophysiological examinations (electroencephalography, echoencephalography, rheoencephalography), cranial and cervical blood vessels ultrasonography. The quality of life was estimated using special pediatric questionnaires (proposed by Molchanova L.F., Izhevsk State Medical Academy). Psychological status was assessed by questionnaires of H. Eysenck (temperament assessment) and C.D. Spielberg (research of personal and situation anxiety). Results. All teenagers underwent a complex treatment according to diagnosis, including antimicrobial treatment in case of chronic infections, antimicrobial treatment and immunostimulators in case of upper and lower airway infections caused by chlamydia and mycoplasma, correction of functional conditions of central nervous system (nootropics, vasoactive drugs, diuretics, anxiolytics, metabolic medications, hypotensives), massages, exercise therapy, physiotherapy, herbal treatment. After the course of treatment relapse of low-grade fever was 4-fold more often in teenagers with hypothalamic syndrome compared to those without. Teenagers with low-grade fever associated with hypothalamic syndrome had higher rates of melancholy, higher anxiety levels, leading to significant alterations of physical and mental health. Those changes may lead to mental and social adaptation problems, borderline social and family behavior, and increased rate of psychosomatic diseases. Conclusion. As it was revealed that relapsing low-grade fever might lead to reduced quality of life, further exacerbations of borderline mental problems, aggravate mental adaptation and social and family behavior problems, these teenagers require family and individual mental therapy, repeated treatment with nootropics, vasoactive drugs, diuretics, anxiolytics.

LINGUISTIC ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTER SIGN LANGUAGE INTERPRETERS RUSSIAN LANGUAGE

The article is devoted to the actual direction of modern linguistics – describing the features of Russian sign language identified by the analysis of theoretical and empirical lexicographical sources, as well as in the process of communication with native «speakers» – people using Russian sign language as native language. Another purpose of the article is detecting and confirming the practical significance of such research – solving problems of social adaptation for hard of hearing people. The paper presents the results of linguistic research of Russian sign language that the developers of the computer Russian sign language translator rely on: peculiarities of lexis, word derivation, morphology and syntax of sign language for deaf citizens of the Russian Federation are described. Approaches to developing a system for computer sign language translation used by the employees of the Institute of Social Rehabilitation, Novosibirsk State Technical University, are justified in the paper. The results of the research can be interested to specialists studying and describing lexical and grammatical systems of Russian sign language, developers of the system for a two-way machine translation from Russian spoken language to Russian sign language and vice versa, sign language interpreters and teachers of sign language. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2218-7405-2013-7-28

Educational Achievement, Employment, Smoking, Marital, and Insurance Statuses in Long-term Survivors of Childhood Malignant Solid Tumors

Survivors of childhood cancer experience many social adaptation problems. We aimed to identify social, educational, and occupational issues of this growing population. Survivors treated for childhood malignant solid tumors who were older than 18 years and in remission for at least 3 years were surveyed. The educational achievement, employment, type of habitation, marital status, parenthood, social insurance, and smoking status of the patients were inquired and recorded. Two hundred one patients (126 male patients/75 female patients) were included in the study between 2007 and 2009. The median ages at the time of diagnosis and at the time of study were 10 years (range, 0 to 19 y) and 23 years (range, 18 to 39 y), respectively. The median follow-up duration was 13.5 years (range, 3 to 31 y). Nearly half of the participants were lymphoma survivors. One hundred eleven (55.5%) survivors were high school graduates and 47 (23%) were university graduates. Unemployment rate was 36.8%. Public social insurance rate was 90.5%. Fifty-three (26.4%) survivors had independent habitation. Thirty percent of survivors were married and 7.5% had at least 1 child. Marriage rates were significantly higher in survivors who were older than 23 years, had a follow-up duration of >13 years, had a job, and lived independently (for each parameter P=0.001). University degree was significantly lower in survivors who were treated for central nervous system tumors. Our results have drawn a more marked picture with lower educational achievement and marital rates when compared with the results of large survivorship studies conducted in developed countries. However, they can be interpreted as intriguing when limited resources are taken into account.

A survey of hematologists on compulsory health service in Turkey.

The quality of health care is closely related to the level of physician job satisfaction, which depends on several factors, including working conditions, income, hospital resources and workload [1-3]. Compulsory health service was instituted by the Turkish Ministry of Health in 2005 (www.saglik.gov.tr), which is a postgraduate program that requires practitioners and specialists to work 300-600 days in underserved regions of the country. This nationwide survey was conducted in 2010 by the Turkish Hematology Society in order to investigate lifestyle, working conditions, and job satisfaction among hematologists fulfilling their compulsory health service. The survey included 2 sections for collecting social and professional data. The primary results of the survey are detailed in the Table. In all, 15 hematologists (male/female: 9/6; age range: 33-40 years; married/single: 11/4) from 11 cities (Adana, Ankara, Antakya, Bursa, Diyarbakir, Erzurum, Gaziantep, Istanbul, Konya, Sanliurfa, and Trabzon) were asked to complete a 33-item electronic survey comprised of general questions concerning the social and professional circumstances in the region in which they were working. Social and financial dissatisfaction rate among the respondents were reported to be 40% and 60% respectively. The overall job satisfaction rate was 66.7%. Among the 15 respondents, 6 (40%) were confronted with verbal/physical violence by patients and/or coworkers at least once. This is a remarkable issue which might represent a common fact for a particular group of physicians working in similar conditions. Additionally, 26.7% of the respondents experienced social adaptation problems. Consequently, job dissatisfaction among the hematologists should not be underestimated as it might cause an adverse impact on patient care as well. In consideration of inappropriate physical conditions and inadequate diagnostic resources, approximately 45% of patients are directed to larger centers, which is not consistent with the primary goal of compulsory health service. The respondents were asked to evaluate the quality of hospital resources. The main defects were notified in laboratories, blood banks, and histopathology departments. As a result, hematologists

Problematic Internet use in Chinese adolescents and its relation to psychosomatic symptoms and life satisfaction

BackgroundProblematic Internet use (PIU) is a growing problem in Chinese adolescents. Little is known about associations of PIU with physical and psychological health. This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of PIU and to test the relationships between PIU and psychosomatic symptoms and life satisfaction among adolescents in mainland China.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted comprising a large representative sample of 17 599 students in eight cities of China. PIU was assessed by the 20-item Young Internet Addiction Test (YIAT). The Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents and the Multidimensional Students' Life Satisfaction Scale were administered to obtain information on psychosomatic symptoms and life satisfaction. Demographics and Internet usage patterns were also collected. Logistic regression was used to assess the effects of PIU on psychosomatic symptoms and life satisfaction.ResultsApproximately 8.1% of subjects showed PIU. Adolescents with PIU were associated with males, high school students, urban, eastern and western areas, upper self-report family economy, service type mostly used for entertainment and relieving loneliness and more frequency of Internet use. Compared with normal Internet users, adolescents with PIU were more likely to suffer from psychosomatic symptoms (P < 0.001), including lack of physical energy (P < 0.001), physiological dysfunction (P < 0.001), weakened immunity (P < 0.001), emotional symptoms (P < 0.001), behavioural symptoms (P < 0.001) and social adaptation problems (P < 0.001). Adolescents with PIU had lower scores on total and all dimensions of life satisfaction (all P < 0.001). Adjusted for the demographic and Internet-related factors, there was positive significant relationship between PIU and psychosomatic symptoms, but negatively related to life satisfaction.ConclusionsPIU is common among Chinese students, and PIU was significantly associated with psychosomatic symptoms and life satisfaction. Effective measures are needed to prevent the spread of this problem and interventions to prevent the effects of PIU on psychosomatic symptoms and life satisfaction should be conducted as early as possible.

Association of impaired EEG mu wave suppression, negative symptoms and social functioning in biological motion processing in first episode of psychosis

BackgroundEvent related desynchronization (ERD) of mu waves, or mu suppression, over sensorimotor cortex has been observed in response to self-generated movement, viewing movement, or imaging movement. Mu suppression is especially pronounced when the movement has social relevance and is being generated by a biological entity indicating successful social adaptation. And since social adaptation problems are common in schizophrenia, the authors designed a study to test mu wave suppression in a first episode of psychosis population. MethodsA total of 32 subjects (first episode of psychosis patients N=20; healthy comparison subjects N=12) aged 13–34 watched movement videos with and without socially relevant cues, executed by biological or non-biological agents. Scalp electrode EEG recordings of mu rhythm (8–13Hz) over sensorimotor cortex during the session were used to calculate mu wave suppression. Average mu suppression was compared within and between groups, as well as correlations between mu suppression and clinical measures. ResultsFirst episode patients showed significantly reduced mu wave suppression over sensorimotor cortex when viewing biological motion, compared to healthy subjects. In addition, negative symptom burden and poor social adjustment correlated with impaired mu wave suppression. ConclusionsOur finding provides the first description of impaired event related desynchronization of mu waves in response to biological motion and its correlation with negative symptoms and social adjustment in the first episode of psychosis. Future studies can be conducted to determine if mu wave suppression represents an endophenotype with potential applications in biological treatments of negative symptoms and social functioning deficits in schizophrenia.

FC31-03 - There is no place for them

PresentationThe example of a real case with autism opens the eyes to us and denounces the current lack of centers and services as well as of certain treatments and programs personalized of psycho-social-health intervention.Remarks--Its problems is promoted by the problematic ones of other interns--Its problems is promoted in environments designed for persons with problems of social adaptation.--The promotion of its problems increases the high place conduct, and the highest, risk for its life and that of the others--The promotion of its problems increases the suffering--The promotion of its problems increases the deployment of resources and social expenseConclusions--They are not delinquents--They are not in court order--They do not come from the social services--They do not have intellectual disability--They have need for specializing professional attentionThey have need for temporary income of average or long stay but THERE IS NO PLACE ADAPTED TO THEM

Late effects and quality of life of childhood cancer survivors: Part 2. Impact of radiotherapy

To examine the late effects and health-related quality of life of childhood cancer survivors (CCS) after radiotherapy (RT), we performed a cross-sectional survey using self-rating questionnaires. The subjects were divided into 3 groups: CCS treated with or without RT, and a general population matched for age, gender, residential area, and work status. The numbers in each group were 113, 72, and 1,000, respectively. The median ages of CCS at diagnosis and the time of the survey were 8 and 22 years, respectively. The mean final heights of males and females were significantly lower in CCS with RT than in the other 2 groups. Risk factors for a short stature were total body irradiation (TBI) [odds ratio (OR) 17.8, p < 0.001], spinal irradiation (OR 8.31, p = 0.033), and an age younger than 10 years at diagnosis. Late effects were observed in 68% of CCS with RT compared with 36% of CCS without RT. Multivariate analysis revealed that TBI was significantly associated with endocrine dysfunction (OR 12.3), skull and spinal irradiation with cognitive dysfunction (OR 16.1 and 11.5, respectively), and spinal irradiation with a short stature (OR 14.1), respectively. Physical dysfunction, psychological stress, and problems of social adaptation were observed in >50% of CCS with RT.