This research focuses on the reconstruction of Lake Kasplya (Smolensk oblast) history in Holocene based on the interpretation of the bulk inorganic and organic geochemistry records. We derived bulk inorganic geochemistry for the lake bottom sediment record using X-ray fluorescence and conducted a principal component analysis (PCA) using geochemistry and lithogenic data. Based on PCA, we obtained a three-component model, which describes 73% of the variance. Each component represents a factor that contributes to the geochemical and lithogenic records: lithogenic, chemically altered matter, and organic matter inputs to the lake.