Smartphone Addiction Research Articles

Association between depression and sleep disorder and the mediating role of smartphone addiction: a longitudinal study of Chinese college freshmen during the COVID-19 pandemic

Association between depression and sleep disorder and the mediating role of smartphone addiction: a longitudinal study of Chinese college freshmen during the COVID-19 pandemic

The Relationship of Parent-Child Technoference and Child Problematic Smartphone Use: The Roles of Parent-Child Relationship, Negative Parenting Styles, and Children's Gender.

With the increasing ubiquity of smartphones in our daily lives, technoference has emerged as a novel threat to family relationships and child development. This study explored the impact of parent-child technoference on child problematic smartphone use and its underlying mechanism and potential gender difference among children. The participants were 3032 fourth-grade students (42.6% female; 80.6% one-child families; 32.9% lower income level families, 33.3% middle income level families; Mage = 10.59 years, SD=0.32) from 535 primary schools. Students in the target classes were invited to participate anonymously in the questionnaire survey in classrooms. Then, SPSS, AMOS and other software were used to analyze the data. 1) Parent-child technoference, negative parenting styles and child problematic smartphone use were positively correlated with each other, while they were negatively correlated with parent-child relationship; 2) Parent-child technoference can not only directly and positively predict child problematic smartphone use, but also indirectly and positively predict child problematic smartphone use through parent-child relationship and negative parenting styles respectively; 3) Parent-child relationship and negative parenting styles play a chain mediating role between parent-child technoference and child problematic smartphone use; 4) There are significant gender differences in the chain mediation model. The results showed that parent-child technoference significantly affected child problematic smartphone use through a chain mediation of parent-child relationship and negative parenting styles. Gender differences were observed, with girls experiencing a more pronounced disruption in the parent-child relationship, while boys were more likely to develop problematic smartphone use. In cases of strained parent-child relationships due to technoference, girls also tended to perceive more negative parenting styles. These findings promote parents' understanding of the influencing factors and mechanisms of child problematic smartphone use, especially helpful for follow-up measures to prevent and intervene child problematic smartphone use from the perspective of families and parents.

Prevalence of Smartphone Addiction and its Relationship with Obesity among Young Adults: A Cross-sectional Study from Delhi, India.

Smartphone addiction (SA) has emerged as an important health concern worldwide. Recent studies have recognized SA as one of the factors that promote sedentarism and can contribute to obesity. However, the relationship between SA and obesity among Indian young adults remains understudied. The present study aims to estimate the prevalence of SA and explore its association with general and central obesity among young adults in Delhi, India. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 246 young adults (aged 18-30 years) of either sex (60.16% females) from Delhi. Screening for SA was done using the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version. Somatometric measurements (height, weight, waist circumference, and hip circumference) were taken to determine general and central obesity. SA was prevalent among 25.2% of the participants. The prevalence of SA was higher among males and undergraduate students than among females and postgraduate/MPhil/PhD students, respectively. Further, SA was not associated with any of the obesity variables. Interestingly, smartphone addicts were found to have a 2.5-fold increased risk of being underweight. Though SA was not associated with obesity, it was found to be associated with being underweight, indicating a relationship between smartphone use and nutritional status among young adults.

Aggressiveness mediates the relationship between self-esteem and problematic smartphone use

This study investigated the association between self-esteem and problematic smartphone use, and examined the mediating role of aggressiveness. The sample comprised 167 college students. The results indicated that explicit, but not implicit, self-esteem was negatively correlated with problematic smartphone use. Further, aggressiveness mediated the link between explicit selfesteem and problematic smartphone use. These findings may help scholars to develop interventions to reduce problematic smartphone use among individuals with low explicit self-esteem.

A moderated chain mediation model examining the relation between smartphone addiction and intolerance of uncertainty among master's and PhD students

The theories of relational regulation and compensatory Internet use suggest that intolerance of uncertainty influences smartphone addiction (SPA), which in turn is influenced by other aspects. This study used previous results to examine how intolerance of uncertainty affects SPA in PhD and master's degree programs. A convenience sample comprising 1727 master's and PhD students (99.9 %; 50.7 % female; Mage = 27.71; SD = 3.80; range = 21–43) was recruited. Using established questionnaires, we measured SPA, anxiety, positive coping style, perceived social support, and intolerance of uncertainty. The results demonstrated that intolerance of uncertainty positively affects SPA in terms of predictive power. Furthermore, anxiety and positive coping style mediate that link in a cascade fashion. A greater SPA indicates that the individual is less likely to use a positive coping style, has a higher anxiety level, and has a lower tolerance for uncertainty. While thinking about how intolerance of uncertainty affects anxiety and positive coping style, perceived social support mediates the relationship. Intolerance of uncertainty has less impact on anxiety and positive coping style when perceived social support is high. These results indicate the possibility of examining SPA prevention and intervention from several angles. Therefore, emotional regulation, which modifies anxiety and the tendency to use a positive coping style, may reduce the impact of intolerance of uncertainty on SPA. Another successful strategy for reducing smartphone addiction is to provide social support from loved ones and the community at large.

Anyone with A Charger? Correlation of Nomophobia, Leisure Boredom and Quality of Life in Youth at University

Aim: Along with affecting our daily lives and habits majorly, rapidly developing technology is known to increase the leisure boredom of youth in case they stay away from the technology. The fear of staying away from smartphones which is the most important material of portable technology is described as a recent disturbance and even a “a disorder of the modern world” (King et.al., 2010). In order for smartphones which have a significant place to meet the needs of life with aims such as pandemics, earthquakes etc. not to become an illness, it is important to investigate the reasons behind it. Considering these, the aim of the current study is to compare the digital game addiction, leisure boredom and quality of life of the students of Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University in terms of different variables and to evaluate the correlation and effect sizes of these scales. Method: The study group consists of 405 university students (Meanage = 21.71± 4.13) studying at Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University 239 of which are female (Meanage = 21.69± 4.30) and 166 of which are male (Meanage = 21.74± 3.88). As data collection tool, Leisure Boredom Scale (LBS) (Iso-Ahola & Weissinger 1990; Kara et.al, 2014), Nomophobia Scale (NFS) (Yıldırım & Correia 2015; Yıldırım et.al, 2016) and Quality of Life Scale – Short Form (QOL-SF) (Eser et.al, 2010) were used. In the analysis of the obtained data, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation and regression tests were used. To determine the reliability of scales, Cronbach Alpha intern coefficients were calculated. Findings: When the analysis results were evaluated, it is determined that there is a statistically significant difference in the total scores of LBS, NFS and QOL-SF in terms of “having difficulty in evaluating leisure”, “participation frequency in physical activity” and “evaluating oneself as smartphone addict”. Also, it is determined there is a statistically significant difference in the total scores of LBS and NFS in terms of “use of smartphone times/hour” (p<0.01). According to the Pearson correlation analysis, there is a positive and medium level correlation between NFS and LBS whereas there is a negative and low level of correlation between NFS and QOL-SF. Also, there is a negative and medium level of correlation between LBS and QOL-SF. The data showed that NFS has a negative impact on QOL-SF LBS has a negative impact on QOL-SF, and NFS has a positive impact on LBS. Conclusion: It is concluded that the group which has no difficulty in making use of leisure, who participates in physical activity regularly, who has less connection with their smartphones and who doesn’t see themselves as smartphone addicts have lower levels of leisure boredom perception and nomophobia whereas they have higher levels of quality of life. The fear of losing connections increases the level of boredom perception in students and it decreases the quality of life. Also, quality of life decreases due to the increase in boredom perception.

Sociodemographic, contextual and psychological factors predicting secondary task engagement: A nationwide interview study among car drivers in Germany

One of the leading causes of crashes is the distraction of drivers caused by performing secondary tasks. This study investigated the impact of sociodemographic, contextual factors, and driver characteristics on secondary task engagement while driving in Germany. We conducted a nationwide face-to-face semi-standardized interview study with car drivers in Germany. In total, 1,072 drivers were interviewed. The data of 949 drivers were included in the analysis. Overall, they reported 2,146 secondary tasks. Drivers performed, on average, 2.3 non-driving-related activities (SD = 1.7) during the last 30 min of their trip. Consistent with previous findings, the presence of passengers was associated with a decrease in the amount of other secondary tasks, especially on the mobile phone. Young drivers (<25 years), in particular, were twice as likely to undertake secondary activities on the phone compared to older ones. Among drivers with a high mobile phone addiction score, tasks on the mobile phone were significantly more likely to be performed while driving. During longer trips, more secondary activities are performed within the last 30 min than during short trips (<30 min). Surprisingly, the purpose of the trip also has a significant influence insofar as trips for leisure activities, in particular, are more frequently associated with secondary activities than shopping and business trips. The results of this study help to determine better crash probabilities based on influencing factors, which in turn should form the basis for specific customised information and educational campaigns.

Perceived Social Mobility and Smartphone Dependence in University Students: The Roles of Hope and Family Socioeconomic Status.

Drawing upon the cognitive-behavioral model of pathological Internet use (PIU) and tunnel effect, this study aimed to construct a moderated mediation model from the perspective of social ecology. Specifically, the model investigated the relationship between perceived social mobility and smartphone dependence, with a focus on the mediating role of hope and the moderating effect of family socioeconomic status (SES) underlying this relationship. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 718 Chinese university students (Mage = 19.19, 70.2% female) from Beijing, Henan, and Tianjin, who anonymously filled out the Perceptions of Socioeconomic Mobility Scale, Mobile Phone Addiction Index Scale, Openness to the Future Scale, and family socioeconomic status questionnaire. Preliminary data analysis was executed using SPSS 22.0, and the moderated mediation effect was tested using the latent moderated structural equations approach in Mplus 8.3. The results showed that (a) less perceived social mobility was linked with greater smartphone dependence; (b) hope mediated the aforementioned relationship; and (c) family SES moderated the first-stage path of the indirect effect through hope. For university students with low (rather than high) family SES, their level of hope increased with the improvement of perceived social mobility, and in turn, that of smartphone dependence decreased. These findings suggest that positive perceptions of upward social class mobility and hopeful attitudes toward future opportunities and personal development among disadvantaged university students may alleviate their reliance on smartphones. Researchers and policymakers should pay attention to the role of individuals' perceptions of the macro environment in motivating specific risky behaviors among university students. Future interventions are essential to mitigate pessimistic environmental perceptions and foster a sense of hope among university students.

The abstinence from smartphone scale (ABSS-10): Psychometric properties and practical utility

In order to frame excessive smartphone use as an addiction, it is important to understand whether this behavior determines abstinence symptoms and which damaging effect it has on emotions and cognition. However, an appropriate tool to assess the presence of smartphone abstinence symptoms is still lacking. In the present study, we propose a scale that is specifically developed to assess the psychological state deriving from smartphone abstinence: The Abstinence from Smartphone Scale (ABSS-10). The aim of this work is to validate ABSS-10 and to investigate its relevance in the context of smartphone addiction. Two studies were conducted to explore ABSS-10 psychometric properties, focusing on discriminant validity, and its relationship with smartphone dependence and emotional attachment. In Study 1, university students were administered the ABSS-10 two times during a two and a half-hour long smartphone restriction period. In Study 2, the scale was administered three times during a five-hour long smartphone restriction period. General state anxiety and smartphone dependence scales were also administered. The findings reveal that ABSS-10 effectively differentiates smartphone abstinence symptoms from general state anxiety and dependence. Moreover, results show that the scale detects changes in abstinence symptoms scores during a five-hour restriction period. The scale's utility in both research and practical settings is discussed, highlighting its potential contributions to understanding the psychological dynamics of smartphone use and abstinence. The present work suggests that ABSS-10 is a robust tool for research on the psychological effects of smartphone usage.

Factors Associated with Screen Addiction in Adults: A Prospective Study

Screen addiction is a common public health problem that causes significant harm to both individuals and society. This study’s primary purpose is to examine the factors associated with screen addiction and to propose a sustainable solution to screen addiction. This research was conducted on staff who work at Cukurova University. Phone addiction, internet addiction and physical activity level were evaluated with Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Form (SAS-SF), Internet Addiction Scale (IAS), and International Physical Activity Survey Short Form (IPAQ-SF), consecutively. Craniovertebral angle was measured with a goniometer and shoulder protraction was measured with a tape measure. The study group consisted of 189 individuals (111 women and 78 men). The mean age was 44.15 ± 11.25 years (min: 23, max: 60). The addiction level was determined to be higher in the sedentary individuals. Phone and internet addiction is statistically higher in sedentary individuals than in individuals with sports habits (P

大学生手机成瘾对学习倦怠的影响

To explore the relationship and mechanism of mobile phone addiction, self-control and learning burnout among college students, 1077 college students were measured by College Students’ Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale, College Students’ Learning Burnout Scale and Self-Control Scale, and the data were analyzed by latent variable structural equation model in this paper. It finds that (1) Mobile phone addiction was positively correlated with learning burnout and its sub-dimensions, and negatively correlated with self-control and its sub-dimensions (P &lt; 0.001). (2) Self-control played a significant moderating role between mobile phone addiction and learning burnout (β = 0.11, P &lt; 0.001); (3) When self-control was high, mobile phone addiction had no significant effect on learning burnout (β = 0.06, P &gt; 0.05). When self-control was low, mobile phone addiction had a significant effect on learning burnout (β = -0.16, P &lt; 0.001). With the increase of mobile phone addiction, learning burnout decreased to a certain extent, but there was always strong learning burnout in the case of low self-control. College students’ mobile phone addiction has a positive impact on learning burnout, and self-control can regulate the relationship between mobile phone addiction and learning burnout.

대학생의 자기통제력 및 정서표현억제가 스마트폰 중독에 미치는 영향

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect on the smartphone addiction by the self-control and the suppression of emotional expression. Methods A survey was held to the university students living in Seoul and Chungcheong cities from June 10 to 21, 2023. 195 copies were in the final analysis for data analysis, Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient and hierarchical regressions with SPSS WIN 21.0. Results As a result, the Self-control showed significant negative correlations with the Suppression of emotional expression and Smartphone addiction. The Suppression of emotional expression showed significant positive correlations with the Smartphone addiction. Female students and self-control were variables of smartphone addiction. the hierarchical regressions model explained 39.9%. Conclusions Therefore, this study could be used as a basic data for the counseling and developing of educational programs to increase self-control, to promote emotional expression.

The Correlation Of Smartphone Addiction And Interpersonal Communication Ability Of Undergraduate Nursing Students

The existence of smartphones has brought both positive and negative impacts on human life. Unwise use of smartphones can lead to addiction, which affects communication. Establishing good relationships to prevent social alienation in interpersonal communication is important. This study aims to determine the relationship between smartphone addiction and the interpersonal communication skills of undergraduate nursing students and to determine the level of addiction and interpersonal communication skills at each level. The method used is correlational with a cross-sectional approach. The population consists of 464 undergraduate nursing students at the UPI Sumedang Campus with a sample of 215 students, using a stratified random sampling technique. This study uses a questionnaire instrument. Correlation data analysis uses Spearman's rank. The results of the study are that both variables are in the moderate category at each semester level, and the results of the correlation test with a p-value &lt;0.001 (&lt;0.005) have a significant relationship with a correlation coefficient of r -0.224, meaning the strength of the relationship is weak. The negative correlation value means that the higher the smartphone addiction, the lower the interpersonal communication skills. The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between smartphone addiction and the interpersonal communication skills of undergraduate nursing students. The level of addiction and interpersonal communication skills of all respondents were in the moderate category. It is recommended for students to use smartphones moderately and more wisely to avoid negative impacts.

Investigating the Smartphone Addiction among Undergraduate Nursing Students

In today's digital era, smartphones have become an essential part of our society. However, excessive use of smartphones can have a wide range of consequences and it affects students' physical and mental health. Nursing students should know the appropriate use of smartphones to prevent health complications. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of smartphone addiction among nursing students. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was utilized in a total of 98 nursing students of Saifee Burhani School of Nursing in Karachi, Pakistan. A convenience sampling technique was used to collect data and a Smartphone Addiction Scale short version (SAS-SV) questionnaire was utilized to collect data related to smartphone usage patterns and addiction levels among nursing students. Results: The study findings revealed that 68 nursing students (69.39%) were addicted to smartphones. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and independent t-independent -test were applied by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 25.0 for data analysis. Conclusions: The present study revealed that Smartphone addiction was found higher among nursing students.

Musical Habits and Smartphone Addiction of College Students: Mediating Role of Self-Control

This study uses theories of habit and self-control to explore the relationship between musical habits and smartphone addiction among college students. Our findings reveal that self-control mediates this relationship, with individual differences playing a significant role. While musical listening habits, impacted by personal genre preferences, positively impact self-control, active music engagement, through playing an instrument and/or creating music, negatively affects it. We suggest using interventions to promote mindful music engagement to mitigate smartphone addiction. These insights contribute to understanding how music habits influence digital behaviors and offer practical strategies for fostering healthier smartphone use among college populations.

Smartphone addiction: impact on health and well-being

This study explores the increasing prevalence and negative impacts of excessive smartphone use. It emphasizes the detrimental effects on academic performance, mental health, and physical well-being, highlighting the need for intervention strategies. The review aims to summarize evidence demonstrating the significant influence of smartphone addiction on dietary behavior and lifestyle, as well as the complex interplay between mobile phone usage patterns and mental health outcomes. The document suggests that mindfulness practices, self-reflection, and seeking professional help can be effective strategies to combat smartphone addiction. Through a systematic literature search using databases like Google Scholar, NIH, and PubMed, the review gathers information on smartphone addiction's effects on health, academics, and adolescence. The conclusion calls for longitudinal studies to track the long-term impact of smartphone usage on academic performance and overall well-being. It recommends identifying at-risk groups for intervention and promoting responsible smartphone usage to prevent adverse effects. Overall, the document underscores the importance of understanding the factors contributing to smartphone addiction and implementing measures to foster genuine human interactions, balance technology use, and mitigate the hazards of smartphone addiction among adolescents.

The relationship between self-control and college student smartphone addiction: a two-wave multiple mediation model

The relationship between self-control and college student smartphone addiction: a two-wave multiple mediation model

The Impact of Family Functioning Factors on Smartphone Addiction and Phubbing among Muslim Adolescents in Thailand.

While there is research on protective factors against smartphone addiction (SA) and phubbing, which impact adolescents' physical, psychological, interpersonal, and academic well-being, focused studies on these issues among Thai Muslim students in Southern Thailand remain scarce. To bridge this gap, this research aimed to explore the influence of five family functioning factors-discipline, communication and problem-solving (CPS), relationship, emotional status, and family support-guided by family systems theory and the McMaster Model, on SA and phubbing. Data from 825 Thai Muslim adolescent secondary school students (Female N = 459 (55.7%), Mage = 15.11 ± 1.78) across three southern Thai provinces were analyzed utilizing structural equation modeling (SEM). Significant connections were identified between family functioning factors, particularly emotional status and discipline, and SA, and their impact on phubbing behavior. SA was found to mediate the relationship between these two family factors and phubbing. Interestingly, a higher quality of family relationships was found to be associated with an increased risk of SA, while the other two family functions-CPS and family support-demonstrated no significant association with these digital behaviors. Despite its limitations, including a cross-sectional design and reliance on self-reports, the study underscores the importance of specific family functions in preventing and addressing adolescent SA and phubbing.

The Relationship between Reasons for Smartphone Use, Addictive Use Tendencies, Fear of Missing Out, Depression, and Life Satisfaction: A Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis

Introduction: In the present cross-sectional study, we investigated whether reasons for smartphone use are similar to those of social media use. Also, we explored links between reasons of smartphone use and mental health variables (problematic smartphone use, FOMO, depression symptoms, and life satisfaction) in Germany during the COVID-19 lockdown period. Methods: Overall, 571 smartphone users (Mage = 31.60, SDage = 12.73) provided their reasons for smartphone use. The reasons were assigned to six categories by an inductive qualitative content analysis. Results: Five of six reasons were similar to those of social media described by previous research. “Search for social interaction” goes along with less problematic smartphone use and depression symptoms and more life satisfaction. “Search for positive feelings” is associated with lower life satisfaction. More depressed people, those with problematic smartphone use tendencies, higher FOMO, and lower life satisfaction tend to “escape from negative emotions.” Discussion: Our results help to understand the relationships between reasons for smartphone use and mental health variables.

Longitudinal patterns of adolescent mobile phone dependence: Results from the person-centered approach

This study aimed to identify possible subgroups of adolescent mobile phone dependence and explore whether each subgroup remains stable over time and the effects of three important interpersonal supports. A total of 1214 adolescents completed three surveys across one year. The study found that there were three growth subgroups of mobile phone dependence: the “low-risk” group, the “medium-risk” group, and the “high-risk” group. The “low risk” and “high risk” groups showed a decreasing trend, while the “medium risk” group showed an increasing trend. The transformation occurred between subgroups. Friend support decreased the likelihood of transitioning to “high-risk” groups and other support increased the likelihood of transitioning to “low-risk” groups. This study contributes to understanding the developmental differences in adolescent mobile phone dependence. It emphasizes the importance of considering interpersonal support in reducing mobile phone dependence. This study could stand as a base for further studies in mobile phone dependence.