Smartphone Addiction Research Articles

Effects of Smartphone Addiction on the Physical and Mental Well-being of Indian Students

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the influence of varying levels of addiction, ranging from no addiction to extremely high addiction, on the physical and mental well-being of Indian students. Methods: The study is descriptive and based on the survey method. The six constructs and 15 physical and mental well-being items were assessed on the 5-point Likert scale. The composite scores were computed and classified into five categories. Findings: The results revealed that students aged 18-22 and 23-27 heavily rely on smartphones to explore their identity, socialize, and engage in academic and professional endeavours; male and female students and 91% of Professional/vocational training students exhibit the highest frequency of moderate addiction. Students (39%) spend 2-4 hours on smartphones daily based on individual preferences, habits, and lifestyle factors. A positive correlation was found between age and addiction group as well as between addiction group and smartphone usage, and negative correlations were found between smartphone usage and age groups. A significant correlation exists between an inability to control carvings (ICC), dependency (D), Conflict (C), Over-Usage (OU) and Withdrawal and Escape (WE), and all these have the greatest contribution to the first variate. MANOVA Analysis Pillai's Trace (<0.001); Wilks' Lambda (<0.001); Hotelling's Trace (<0.001); Roy's Largest Root (<0.001) revealed substantial disparities among groups stratified by addiction severity spanning from no addiction to extremely high addiction across a spectrum of physical and mental well-being dimensions among Indian students. The discriminant function plot effectively illustrated the discernment achieved in varying levels of smartphone addiction, notably accentuating differences among moderate (0.370), high (1.091), and extremely high (1.803) addiction categories. Novelty: This study investigated how varying levels of addiction exert influence on both physical and mental well-being and shed new light on this multifaceted relationship, particularly among students within the context of Indian academia. Keywords: Smartphone Addiction, Physical and Mental Well­being, Usage Patterns, Smartphones, Indians, Students

Problematic smartphone use and mental health outcomes among Singapore residents: The health and lifestyle survey

BackgroundThe excessive use of smartphones and its association with adverse outcomes has been widely reported, with several studies showing an association between smartphone overuse, depression, anxiety, and sleep-related problems. MethodsThe study used data from the Health and Lifestyle Survey, a nationwide population survey. It examined the prevalence of Problematic Smartphone Use (PSU) and its association with mental health outcomes among Singapore residents aged 15–65 years. ParticipantsParticipants were assessed for PSU using the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version, psychological distress with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Generalised Anxiety Disorder −7 questionnaire, sleep problems using the Insomnia Severity Index, and positive mental health with Rapid Positive Mental Health Instrument. ResultsIn all, 6509 participants completed the survey, giving a survey response rate of 73.2 %. The prevalence of PSU was 30.2 % in the population. Individuals with PSU were more likely to have symptoms of moderate or severe depression (OR: 3.2, 95 % CI: 2.4–4.4), anxiety (OR: 3.4, 95 % CI: 2.4–4.8), insomnia (OR: 3.4, 95 % CI: 2.8–4.2), and poorer positive mental health (β: −0.3, 95 % CI: −0.4 to −0.2). ConclusionsThe study is the first to examine PSU in a national sample of Singaporeans across a wide age range. It provides valuable insights into mental health comorbidities among those with PSU, which is useful for practitioners.

The interplay of psychological resilience and adolescent mobile phone addiction in Henan province, China: insights from latent class analysis.

The aim of this study was to classify distinct subgroups of adolescents based on the severity levels of their mobile phone addiction and to investigate how these groups differed in terms of their psychosocial characteristics. We surveyed a total of 2,230 adolescents using three different questionnaires to assess the severity of their mobile phone addiction, stress, anxiety, depression, psychological resilience, and personality. Latent class analysis was employed to identify the subgroups, and we utilized Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves and multinomial logistic regression for statistical analysis. All data analyses were conducted using SPSS 26.0 and Mplus 8.5. We classified the subjects into subgroups based on their mobile phone addiction severity, and the results revealed a clear pattern with a three-class model based on the likelihood level of mobile phone addiction (p < 0.05). We examined common trends in psychosocial traits such as age, grade at school, parental education level, anxiety levels, and resilience. ROC analysis of sensitivity versus 1-specificity for various mobile phone addiction index (MPAI) scores yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.893 (95% CI, 0.879 to 0.905, p < 0.001). We also determined diagnostic value indices for potential cutoff points ranging from 8 to 40. The optimal cutoff value for MPAI was found to be >14, which corresponded to the maximum Youden index (Youden index = 0.751). The latent classification process in this research confirmed the existence of three distinct mobile phone user groups. We also examined the psychosocial characteristics that varied in relation to the severity levels of addiction. This study provides valuable insights into the categorization of adolescents based on the severity of mobile phone addiction and sheds light on the psychosocial characteristics associated with different addiction levels. These findings are expected to enhance our understanding of mobile phone addiction traits and stimulate further research in this area.

Progress of Research on Psychological Intervention for Smartphone Addiction in Adolescents

With the rapid development of the Internet informationization era, the widespread popularity of smartphones, while providing many conveniences for adolescents, has also given rise to a new global mental health problem-smartphone addiction. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature related to smartphone addiction among adolescents, mainly from the concept of smartphone addiction among adolescents, influencing factors and psychological interventions, in order to provide reference for psychological interventions for smartphone addiction among adolescents and reduce the incidence of smartphone addiction in this group.

Predicting Smartphone Addiction Trajectories in Korean Adolescents: A Longitudinal Analysis of Protective and Risk Factors Based on a National Survey from 2018 to 2020.

This longitudinal study aimed to identify the role of psychosocial factors affecting smartphone addiction (SA) among Korean adolescents and predict the trajectory of SA based on the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) 2018 to 2020. The dependent variable was SA score as measured by the Korean Smartphone Addiction Propensity Scale (SAPS), and the independent variables were psychosocial factors (attention, grit, life satisfaction, self-esteem, aggression, depression, social withdrawal and physical symptom). Generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis (adjusted for covariates) results indicated that attention (B = -0.346, P < .001), grit (B = -0.402, P < .001), life satisfaction (B = -0.150, P < .001), and self-esteem (B = -0.099, P < .001) were protective factors for reducing SA score. Conversely, aggression (B = 0.222, P < .001) and depression (B = 0.067, P = .005) were predicted to be risk factors for increasing SA score. A better understanding of the relationship between behavioral addiction and psychosocial development factors in adolescence will assist in the development of more effective prevention and treatment strategies.

Mobile phone addiction and emptiness among Chinese college students: the chain mediating role of attention control and self-concept clarity

Mobile phone addiction and emptiness among Chinese college students: the chain mediating role of attention control and self-concept clarity

A Structural Equation Modeling Approach to Understand the Dynamics of Smartphone Attachment and Problematic Smartphone use

A Structural Equation Modeling Approach to Understand the Dynamics of Smartphone Attachment and Problematic Smartphone use

The Impact of Personality Stability on Smartphone Addiction Among College Students

The Impact of Personality Stability on Smartphone Addiction Among College Students

Effect of Integrated Postural Training in Individuals with Text Neck Syndrome

Background: Text neck syndrome is a repetitive stress injury caused by prolonged use of electronic gadgets, particularly smartphones. With smartphone addiction surpassing internet addiction, it has led to increased musculoskeletal problems. Currently, symptomatic treatment for text neck syndrome includes neck pain, postural changes, and cervical proprioceptive errors. The condition is chronic and progressive, and timely intervention and postural correction are crucial to minimize early consequences in later life. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of integrated postural training in individuals with text neck syndrome. Methods: This study included 80 participants clinically diagnosed with text neck syndrome who were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were further divided into two groups, with Group A receiving a conventional exercise program and Group B receiving integrated postural training 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Pre- and post-assessment scores of visual analog scale (VAS), neck disability index (NDI), range of motion (ROM) of the cervical spine, tragus to wall test (TTW), Vernier Caliper measurements for rounded shoulders and cervical joint position error testing (CPJE Testing) were taken and the results were obtained by statistical analysis of the data. Results: The results of this study showed that there was an extremely significant improvement in neck pain, cervical ROM, forward head posture, and rounded shoulder posture in both the groups with a p-value of &lt;0.0001 except for the CPJE testing, which showed to be significant in the Group B with a p-value &lt;0.0001 as compared to Group A. Conclusion: The study concluded that integrated postural training showed significant improvement and has been beneficial in relieving pain, improving cervical range of motion, posture, and the cervical joint position error in individuals with text neck syndrome.

Dysrhythmic saliva microbiota in mobile phone addicts with sleep disorders and restored by acupuncture.

Mobile phone addiction (MPA) greatly affects the biological clock and sleep quality and is emerging as a behavioral disorder. The saliva microbiota has been linked to circadian rhythms, and our previous research revealed dysrhythmic saliva metabolites in MPA subjects with sleep disorders (MPASD). In addition, acupuncture had positive effects. However, the dysbiotic saliva microbiota in MPASD patients and the restorative effects of acupuncture are unclear. To probe the circadian dysrhythmic characteristics of the saliva microbiota and acupunctural restoration in MPASD patients. MPASD patients and healthy volunteers were recruited by the Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale (MPATS) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Saliva samples were collected every 4 h for 72 h. After saliva sampling, six MPDSD subjects (group M) were acupuncturally treated (group T), and subsequent saliva sampling was conducted posttreatment. Finally, all the samples were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. Significantly increased MPATS and PSQI scores were observed in MPDSD patients (p< 0.01), but these scores decreased (p<0.001) after acupuncture intervention. Compared with those in healthy controls, the diversity and structure of the saliva microbiota in MPASD patients were markedly disrupted. Six genera with circadian rhythms were detected in all groups, including Sulfurovum, Peptostreptococcus, Porphyromonas and Prevotella. There were five genera with circadian rhythmicity in healthy people, of which the rhythmicities of the genera Rothia and Lautropia disappeared in MPASD patients but effectively resumed after acupuncture intervention. This work revealed dysrhythmic salivary microbes in MPASD patients, and acupuncture, as a potential intervention, could be effective in mitigating this ever-rising behavioral epidemic.

Recurrent pain syndromes in students with smartphone addiction and correction of associated functional disorders

Recurrent pain syndromes in students with smartphone addiction and correction of associated functional disorders

Relationships between experiences of humiliation on social networks, problematic phone use, and aggressive and altruistic behaviors in young adults.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationships between cybervictimization in social networks, problematic smartphone use, aggressive behaviors, and prosocial altruistic tendencies in young adults. The sample consisted of 601 young adults (mean age = 19.96 years; SD = 2.27; 69.1% female) who were administered online assessments of experiences of humiliation on networks, problematic smartphone use, prosocial altruistic tendencies, and aggressiveness. Results indicated significant indirect effects of cyber victimization on aggressiveness and prosocial altruistic tendencies through problematic smartphone use. Problematic cell phone use explained the relationships between online humiliation and aggressive and prosocial altruistic behaviors. The results confirmed the positive relationship between cybervictimization and problematic cell phone use, consistent with previous research. However, the negative relationship between cybervictimization and altruistic prosocial tendencies was not corroborated. The findings emphasize the need to promote actions that foster social connectedness and interdependence among young individuals to develop their identity within the community.

The Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Problematic Smartphone Use in Chinese Middle School Students: A Serial Multiple Mediating Model

The Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Problematic Smartphone Use in Chinese Middle School Students: A Serial Multiple Mediating Model

The Mediation Role of Mobile Phone Addiction to the Relationship between Physical Activity and Autistic Traits among College Students

This study taking physical activity (PA) as the independent variable and autistic traits (AQ) as the dependent variable, we explored the relationship between the three in depth, further verified the mediating role of mobile phone addiction (MPA ) between the two , and constructed a hypothesized mediation model of mobile phone addiction in the relationship between physical activity and autistic traits.Method: This study takes the characteristics and correlations of physical activity (PA), autistic traits (AQ) and mobile phone addiction (MPA) as the research objects, follows the principle of convenience sampling , and uses questionnaire survey method and mathematical statistics method to conduct a survey on Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province. Three universities conducted stratified sampling , and finally conducted a survey and research on 382 college students . The " International Physical Activity Scale -Short (IPAQ -SF)", "Autism Trait Scale(AQ)" and "Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale(MPATS)" were used. An electronic questionnaire produced by "Questionnaire Star" was used to conduct an online survey on college students' physical activity, autistic traits and mobile phone addiction tendencies, etc., and SPSS24.0 was used for statistical processing and analysis.Result:1. The BMI difference between PAand AQ of college students was significant (p &lt; 0.01). 2. There was a significant difference between the PA level and the level of college students with high and low AQ (p &lt; 0.01). 3. The results of correlation analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between PA and AQ (r = -0.48**, Sig.000) and MPA (r=-0.22**, Sig.000), and a significant positive correlation between AQ and MPA (r=0.37**, Sig.000). 4. PA had a significant mediating effect on AQ through MPA, and MPA had a significant mediating effect between PA and AQ; the direct effect of PA on AQ was significant; the total effect of PA on AQ was significant.Conclusion:1.Physical activity can significantly and negatively predict autistic traits and mobile phone addiction; 2. Mobile phone addiction significantly and positively predicts autistic traits ;3. Mobile phone addiction ranks between physical activity and autistic traits has a significant mediating effect.

Smartphone Addiction and Mental Health

Smartphone Addiction and Mental Health

Influence of different parental mediation strategies on adolescents’ hedonistic smartphone use: Parent–adolescent reports

Hedonistic smartphone usage refers to smartphone activities for instant gratification and pleasure; increased hedonistic use is associated with perceived stress, problematic smartphone usage, and smartphone addiction among adolescents. Parents naturally intervene in adolescents’ screen media use through various mediation strategies, including active mediation of safety, restrictive mediation, monitoring mediation, and technical mediation, to reduce potential negative impacts and online risks. This study aims to identify the relationship between parental mediation strategies and adolescents’ hedonistic smartphone use using the data from 447 adolescents and 432 parents. This study also explores the consideration of a new mediation technique, participatory learning mediation, in the parental mediation model. Multiple regression results revealed positive and negative associations between different parental mediation strategies and adolescents’ hedonistic smartphone use, with restrictive mediation having no effect.

Penerapan Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior dalam Mereduksi Perilaku Adiksi Smartphone di SMP Negeri 51 Surabaya

Smartphones in the digital age are an inseparable object in everyday life. Both parents and children are its users. The use of smartphones if not used wisely will have a negative impact, one of which is addiction. Smartphone addiction is also often found in the school environment, due to the lack of self-control and time management skills so that it disrupts their activities. This results in problems such as withdrawal, decreased direct or face-to-face interaction, decreased grades, lack of focus and making individuals less sensitive to the surrounding environment. The method used in this community service uses qualitative with the type of guidance and counseling action research (PTBK) using differential reinforcement of alternative behavior techniques. The selection of the technique aims to reduce unwanted behavior by replacing other alternative behaviors that are based on the interest of students. Other alternatives that are considered capable of reducing these behaviors such as reading books, paskibraka, hanging out with friends, and also cooking activities. The results of the community service obtained that the differential reinforcement of alternative behavior technique is effectively applied to junior high school children to reduce smartphone addiction with changes according to the desired target.

Clinical Manifestations' Spectrum of Smartphone Addiction: Moving from an Addiction toward a Clinical Syndrome.

Smartphone addiction is an emerging type of addiction in the digital era, characterized by smartphone dependence that negatively affects human health with a wide range of psychological and physical manifestations. This study aimed to evaluate the detailed clinical manifestations of smartphone addiction as a delineated clinical syndrome. A cross-sectional study design was employed to assess smartphone addiction prevalence and its health impacts among Syrian undergraduates using the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV 2013), the Kessler psychological distress scale (K-6), and a comprehensive assessment of the clinical manifestations frequently linked to smartphone addiction in the literature. Different statistical modeling techniques were applied; a P value of < .05 was considered statistically significant. Of 1532 invited undergraduates, 1401 (91.45%) completed the assessment adequately. Most participants were females (59.7%) and below 23 years of age (73.2%). The prevalence of smartphone addiction was 67.80%; statistically significant smartphone addiction associations were revealed with psychological distress (P < .0001) with odds ratios of 3.308. Most screened physical manifestations also showed a significant association with smartphone addiction. A high prevalence of smartphone addiction was observed with a broad spectrum of associated mental and physical manifestations. As smart device addiction becomes a global health concern, combining the clinical findings reported in the related literature into one clinical identity is necessary to develop a holistic management approach for the delineated clinical syndrome.

Status of professional mental health help-seeking intention associated factors among medical students: a cross-sectional study in China.

Low professional help-seeking intention (PHSI) hinders effective treatment of mental illness. PHSI among Chinese students is still understudied and under-recognized. This study aimed to evaluate the status of PHSI and its associated risk factors among Chinese medical students. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Hainan province, South China, between January 1, 2021, and May 31, 2021.A total of 2182 medical students were recruited and surveyed via an anonymous structured questionnaire. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the factors associated with PHSI. Among the 2182 medical students (mean age 21.0 years (SD = 3.70), 61.5% females), those with and without PHSI were 72.0% and 28.0%, and 16.4% with moderate to severe depression. Male students, those with a high level of depression stigma, serious family dysfunction, and heavy dependence on mobile phones were significantly less likely to seek professional mental health help, with odds ratios (ORs) of 1.5, 2.0, 2.1, and 1.7, respectively. A significant proportion of Chinese medical students demonstrate low PHSI, influenced by factors such as gender, depression stigma, family dysfunction, and mobile phone dependence. Future interventions aimed at increasing medical students' PHSI should prioritize reducing depression stigma, mitigating reliance on mobile phone use, and enhancing family function to address these key barriers to seeking professional mental health support.

Residential Status Disparities in Social Participation and Quality of Life Among Chinese Children: The Mediating Role of Social Skills and Smartphone Addiction

ABSTRACTThe relationship between social participation and quality of life (QoL) remains unclear, and scant investigation has been conducted to explore its underlying mechanisms. This study is aimed at elucidating this connection among Chinese children, emphasizing the mediating roles of social skills and smartphone addiction, alongside the moderating effect of residential status. Data was gathered from Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, comprising 639 children (53.7% girls), aged between 12 and 18 years (mean age = 15 years, SD = 1.65). Results indicated that social participation was positively associated with children's QoL, with both social skills and smartphone addiction mediating the link. Additionally, residential status moderated the relationship between social participation and QoL, exhibiting a stronger effect on children in urban areas than their rural counterparts. These findings highlight the necessity to enhance social participation among children and further promote balanced development between rural and urban areas in China.