Smart Voting Research Articles

AI Based Smart Voting using Face Recognition

As society changes and technology plays a bigger role in shaping daily life, the security, effectiveness, and accessibility of traditional voting systems are being questioned. This research presents a novel approach to create an online smart voting system using facial recognition technology. The technology promises to improve the convenience and integrity of electoral processes by integrating cutting-edge facial recognition algorithms with secure online voting platforms. It also addresses common problems such as voter fraud, long lines, and geographical restrictions. The system verifies each vote's legitimacy by registering voters' facial biometric information, securely storing it in a centralized database, and providing live facial authentication while voting. Strong security protocols, such as multi-factor authentication and encryption methods, are notably used to protect voter privacy and prevent election results manipulation. Additionally, the system's removal of the requirement for voters to physically be present at polling places improves voter accessibility, especially for underprivileged or geographically separated groups, which encourages higher levels of political engagement. Through extensive testing and validation that includes both simulated and real-world voting scenarios, the efficacy of this novel approach will be closely examined. Consent, transparency, and data privacy are ethical issues that need to be properly addressed in order to ensure compliance with legal and regulatory requirements. In conclusion, the face recognition online smart voting system is a ground-breaking advancement in electoral technology that might fundamentally alter the way elections are held by enhancing their integrity, efficiency, and inclusivity

Efforts to Increase Public Awareness in Tonja Subdistrict Regarding Preventing Abstention Through the Smart Voting Movement

Efforts to Increase Public Awareness in Tonja Subdistrict Regarding Preventing Abstention Through the Smart Voting Movement

Smart Voting Web Based Application Using Aadhar

Abstract: Elections are a crucial part of any democratic system, and it is essential to ensure that the voting process is conducted in a fair and transparent manner. In traditional paper-based elections, the process is time-consuming, resource-intensive, and prone to errors. In this context, the use of technology can significantly improve the efficiency, security, and accuracy of the voting process. In this project, we propose an online voting system that uses face recognition technology to identify and authenticate voters. The proposed system allows voters to cast their votes remotely, eliminating the need for physical ballot boxes and reducing the cost and time involved in the voting process. The system works by capturing the facial image of the voter and passing it to the server unit for verification. The server compares the facial image with the information stored in the database and verifies the identity of the voter. If the identity is verified, the voter is allowed to cast the vote; otherwise, an error message is displayed on the screen, and the person is not allowed to poll the vote. The system is designed to be secure and tamper-proof. The use of face recognition technology makes it difficult for anyone to impersonate another person and cast a fraudulent vote. The system also ensures that each voter can cast only one vote, and the voting process is conducted in a transparent and fair manner. Overall, the proposed online voting system offers numerous advantages over traditional paper-based voting systems, including increased efficiency, reduced cost, improved security, and transparency.

Cloud-based Smart Voting: Opportunity of Gender Inclusiveness in India

Cloud-based Smart Voting: Opportunity of Gender Inclusiveness in India

Strategic Coordination in the 2021 Russian Legislative Election: Effects and Counterbalances

Abstract The study is devoted to strategic coordination represented as a list of “smart voting” candidates for single-member districts at the State Duma election on September 19, 2021. There is a great deal of skepticism in the literature that patterns of strategic voting can be found nationwide in Russia because of the prevalence of the personal vote in ticket splitting. The analysis of the election has confirmed that the effect of “smart voting” is rather small in contrast to the personal vote. Therefore, the attempt of the Russian non-systemic opposition to coordinate electorates strategically has not yet been an effective tool to mobilize voters on a country-wide scale. The study has also revealed strong counterbalances to “smart voting” like the incumbency advantage of United Russia’s nominees and the spoiler effect produced by candidates from the spoiler parties like the Communists of Russia and Party of Pensioners.

Smart Voting Platform (Secured Digital Voting System) Uses Blockchain Technology and Biometric Authentication

Smart Voting Platform (Secured Digital Voting System) Uses Blockchain Technology and Biometric Authentication

Smart Voting System with Face Recognition

Smart Voting System with Face Recognition

App store governance: Implications, limitations, and regulatory responses

Events such as the riot at the United States Capitol and tightening constraints on the Russian public sphere have highlighted the socio-political significance of app store governance. This is dominated by Apple and Google as operators of the two largest smartphone platforms. In this article, we analyse two case studies: the removals from app stores in 2021 of the fringe American social media app Parler and of the Russian opposition app Smart Voting. On the basis of this analysis, we identify three critical limitations for app store governance at present: Apple's and Google's dominance, the substantive opacity of their respective app store guidelines, and the arbitrariness with which these guidelines are applied to specific cases. We then assess the potential efficacy of legislative proposals in the EU and US to intervene in this domain and conclude by offering some recommendations supporting more efficacious and socially responsible app store governance.

Smart Voting System Using Deep Learning and Computer Vision

Abstract: Since, India being the largest democracy in the world. Still uses voting machines to hold elections, which comes with high costs and manual labour. But voting plays a crucial role in the election of high-ranking government officials and reflects our view of how a governing body should be formed. Investigations are conducted from time to time to troubleshoot the central voting system, increasing anonymity, credibility and security while preventing all types of fraud. In this paper, there is an implementation of a method that uses deep learning techniques which develops a smart voting system. Due to its advanced features, most researchers follow and use the Boosted Cascade framework. The enhanced Cascade Framework features help you calculate and build a classifier that works more accurately. However, this accuracy rate requires a large number of Cascade Stages to help reduce similar performance with the detection and recognition accuracy. This provides protection in the sense that the most secure voter password is verified before a vote is received on the main database of the Indian Electoral Commission and voters can verify that his or her vote has reached to correct participant of election. The votes counting is done automatically, thus saving a lot of time and the results can be announced in a very short time by the Indian Electoral Commission. The user verification process is enhanced by adding a face recognition to the app that will determine whether the voter is a certified user or not. Keywords: Online voting system, smart voting, face recognition, face detection, security, user authentication, deep learning, haar cascade classifier, computer vision.

A story of (non)compliance, bias, and conspiracies: How Google and Yandex represented Smart Voting during the 2021 parliamentary elections in Russia

On 3 September 2021, the Russian court forbade Google and Yandex to display search results for “Smart Voting,” the query referring to a tactical voting project by the jailed Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny. To examine whether the two search engines complied with the court order, we collected top search outputs for the query from Google and Yandex. Our analysis demonstrates the lack of compliance from both engines; however, while Google continued prioritizing outputs related to the opposition’s web resources, Yandex removed links to them and, in some cases, promoted conspiratorial claims aligning with the Russian authorities’ anti-Western narrative.

Models based on "estimation bias" as a tool for predicting potential threats

In statistics, there is a phenomenon called "estimation bias". It is determined by the fact that with the spontaneous formation of the studied samples in social research, a kind of "shift" occurs, determined by the motivation of respondents. The analysis shows that a similar phenomenon occurs in many areas of evaluation related to a person: writing reviews about products and services, conducting surveys, forming applications. This principle can manifest itself in the formation of public opinion on socially significant issues: during elections, referendums, and the like. Moreover, knowledge of the principle of "displacement" can be used to organize a deliberate "shift" of the results of socially significant surveys. Examples of such use are the technologies of "color" revolutions carried out by relatively small groups of people or the well–known method of so-called "smart voting". Using general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, the article shows possible approaches to the formation of such "shifts", analyzes the possible consequences of the implementation of such technologies and formulates proposals to counteract them. It is concluded that the purposeful use of "bias" assessment technologies can lead to conflicts of interests between different groups of society and the authorities, but it could not be corrected until now due to the lack of appropriate counteraction mechanisms. The development of mechanisms for assessing the consequences of the "shift" and countering it, theoretically, can provide counteraction to the use of external influences to destabilize the state in the case of intentional use of the "shift". In case of accidental formation of a "bias", forecasting methods will ensure the detection of an error. Conclusions are drawn that the proposed methodology for assessing the "bias" is not just a theory, its implementation will have a practical effect, which is to increase the stability of the system of state and municipal management.

Construction of Efficient Smart Voting Machine with Liveness Detection Module

Voting is now governed by regulations that specify how a person's choices may be communicated and their desires can be realized. This study proposes an electronic voting machine (EVM) as an alternative for traditional voting methods, which may include the manual utilization of only microcontroller-based circuits. With the identified fingerprint liveness, the proposed technique will make voting considerably easier, more effective, and less likely to result in fraud. The suggested model will support and advance the trustworthiness of all votes and it will also assist in streamlining the counting and verification process. It is difficult to demonstrate that an advanced voting system has been properly designed since several critical criteria must be satisfied. Poll results should be kept private in the database in order to preserve the data. The voting process must also show the votes obtained by the respective candidates. The proposed authenticated voting machine can be applied to the local area elections in order to speed up the process and make the election process more transparent. To maintain its theoretical strength, the proposed research idea needs further study. The model employs radio frequency and fingerprint recognition to maintain the protection.

A Visionary Approach to Smart Voting System

With the emergence of COVID-19 as a global pandemic, the need for an online voting system is becoming appallingly evident in India. Unfortunately, India still suffers from a flawed electoral system in today's scenario. Ballot rigging, hacking of the EVM (Electronic voting machine), election manipulation, and polling booth capturing are the significant issues in this voting system. To avert such a costly predicament in the future, many countries are currently experimenting with blockchain-based voting systems. However, there are also significant drawbacks to this method. Consequently, our paper proposes a novel online voting system based on hash graph technology. The hash graph encryption method is a superior version of blockchain encryption and eradicates a few drawbacks of blockchain. This system preserves participant's anonymity while still being open to public inspection. Voters are authenticated using their Voter Id, Aadhaar Card Number, and face recognition. Furthermore, JWT Authentication is implemented to enhance the security of the login portal. Additionally, the voters can also assure their cast vote using the highly encrypted unique ID generated by our system. Besides that, the voter data is stored in a highly secured database. Furthermore, homomorphic encryption is used to store the votes and assist in counting the vote securely. Finally, it is also equipped with a chatbot that works as a support to the voters. In conclusion, this paper presents an in-depth evaluation of the scheme that successfully demonstrates its effectiveness in achieving an end-to-end verifiable online voting system.

Disinfected Smart Voting System using Aadhaar as UID

The election is the central criterion in every country to choose their best leader in society. Meanwhile, the technologies used in the time of the election are also an important thing to maintain the economic balance, security for the voting, and safety of the voter's health as well. Currently in India, we are going to use the EVM machines to cast the votes, this method of manually maintaining the process of the election is a tedious task, for this, we are going to introduce a system of maintaining the election procedure electronically by using the IoT device with Aadhaar linking called Biometric with automatic sanitization of the voters during the time of the election with giving the security to the casted votes in the central hub safely. The method of linking the Aadhaar data to the election is to avoid the proxy voters during the time of the election, introducing the IoT device of the automated sanitizing device in the polling station may help to avoid the spreading of the pandemic from the biometric device. The maintaining of the security of the votes carried out by using the MAC address.

Smart voting web based application using face recognition, Aadhar and OTP verification

There are currently two ways to vote in India. They are secret ballots and electronic vote machines, but these two processes have some limitations or disadvantages. The current system is also insecure. Many people miss the opportunity to vote simply because they need to go to the polling station and wait for several places to vote. In this paper, we proposed a voting method. In our method, the voting process has three security stages. The first stage is facial recognition, the second stage is Election ID (EID) number verification, and the third stage is One-Time-Password (OTP) verification using the user's mobile phone number registered.

Role of Technology in the Development of Smart and Secure Public Voting Systems – a Review of Literatures

The goal of the election is not only to determine the outcomes but also to lend credence to the winners, even for those voters who did not bother voting for them. This underlines the necessity of holding free, fair, and hidden elections. Component of all this is that elections are controlled by open and accountable, neutral, and autonomous electoral-management bodies. Utilizing technology in voting procedures can make it quicker, more efficient, and less susceptible to security breaches. The technology can ensure the safety of every vote, better and faster and much more accurate counting and automatic tallying. The design of a sophisticated voting system is a complex task as it has to fulfill several essential criteria. The secrecy of an elector’s poll is to be well-preserved. The voting system should not give any evidence that proves which candidate receives a particular voter’s vote. The process uses minimum paper documents and is therefore environmentally friendly. Bio-metric or retina scans can be used to ensure security. The e-voting system is vulnerable to several serious attacks from external sources. There is indeed a likelihood that anybody who has immediate access to the e-voting system can access it suspiciously. Malevolent software can steal one candidate's votes and assign them to some other. An attacker may deny officials access to the e-voting arrangement or render an e-voting structure unavailable for the Election Day voting process. This is known as a service denial (DoS) attack. But this kind of threat is hard to detect. A large number of questionable and invalid votes are the big problem with traditional paper-ballot based voting system. This phenomenon will be eliminated if the e-voting system is used. In addition to the speed of counting and reduction of errors the e-voting system offers some more advantages such as accessibility, verifiability, and availability. When the e-voting system is integrated with the Internet, any eligible voter can vote from anywhere as there will be two or more levels of authenticity checks. In this paper, the authors reviewed the application of technology in the development of smart, secure, and versatile public voting systems. Also, they outlined research gaps and recommend new approaches to the existing systems.

A Conceptual Framework for the Integrated, Smart and Secure Remote Public Voting System (SSRPVS)

Elections are the backbone of democracy. It is through elections that individuals assert their voice, their perspectives, and choose a person whose philosophies most complement them. Elections allow citizens to choose their representatives. They are also important for the people to express their resentment at the ruling government. When there is high voter participation, the election process is considered successful. Unfortunately, developing countries such as India are facing a decline in the turnout. People in rural areas move to metropolitan cities or other countries, in most developing countries to make their livelihood or schooling. During elections, visiting their hometown and casting their votes becomes burdensome for them because of their commitment to their workplace. Challenges in moving to poll places and sometimes adverse weather conditions, cause people to miss the chance to choose the candidate of their choice. People with disabilities and senior citizens also refuse to go to the polling station due to travel-related difficulty. Therefore, many elections record only 50-70 percent electoral turnout, sometimes, even less than 50%. Only when all eligible voters are granted fair opportunities to exercise their franchise then only such a democratic system is considered fool proof. The need for the hour is such a fool proof framework that enables all eligible voters to cast their vote by visiting Polling Station or doing so remotely. This paper proposes a conceptual framework for the Integrated, Smart, and Secure Remote Public Voting System (SSRPVS) that allows voters from any part of India to exercise their franchise without moving place to place and wasting time and money. To develop the Framework, emerging technologies such as IoT, Cloud Computing, Edge Computing, Blockchain, and Data Analytics are included. The system will guarantee security through four different levels, Smart Voting Card based on RFID, One Time Password, Thumb Recognition, and Retina Recognition. The only theoretical model of the system that is open for further analysis and development is provided here.

Consolidation or Protest? “Smart Voting” in Moscow Elections

Consolidation or Protest? “Smart Voting” in Moscow Elections

Advocating for a blockchain voting system in the USA

The purpose of this paper is to present our proposal to use blockchain technology to create a secure, efficient, and smart voting system in the USA. The first section of this paper presents the current equipment and technology used in the current voting process in the USA. Next, an analysis of the technological challenges of our voting system is presented. Recommendations are proposed to remedy these challenges with the implementation of blockchain and biometric technologies. Next, the paper discusses the features, benefits, and uses of blockchain technology. Finally, arguments are presented both for and against the use of blockchain and biometric technologies for voting purposes.

Smart Voting System through Facial Recognition

Smart Voting System through Facial Recognition