Smart Kitchen Research Articles

AI-Enhanced Smart Cooking Pot: A Culinary Companion with Intelligent Sensing

This research introduces SmartCook, an avant-garde kitchen appliance that amalgamates sensor technologies, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning to redefine the art of cooking. The device employs an array of sensors, including temperature, moisture, infrared, proximity, electronic tongue, and electronic nose, ingeniously positioned in the lid with foodgrade silicon transparent sealing. This design ensures a non-intrusive manner of sensing, preserving the integrity of both the food and the sensors. SmartCook operates in two modes: Cooking Mode, where experienced users store their personalized cooking patterns, and Guide Mode, designed for beginners seeking expert guidance. The AI processing unit, analysing vapours produced during cooking, intricately captures the nuances of smell, texture, timing, temperature, and moisture to create and store unique recipe patterns for each prepared meal. The addition of a texture-sensing camera placed in the lid, also sealed with foodgrade silicon, enhances the system’s capability to analyze and replicate food textures. This innovative approach transforms SmartCook into a comprehensive, guided, and customizable culinary assistant. The system’s safety mechanisms, including automatic shut-off, prioritize user safety throughout the cooking process. SmartCook revolutionizes home cooking, transforming it into an interactive, guided, and enjoyable journey. With its emphasis on replicating the unique patterns of individual cooks, SmartCook introduces a novel approach to the culinary arts, empowering users to virtually learn and recreate meals from their favourite chefs. This research presents a ground-breaking contribution to the evolving landscape of smart kitchen appliances, offering users an innovative and enjoyable way to explore the world of gastronomy.

A visual digital twin framework based on residual-based fourier neural operator online simulation method

ABSTRACT To enjoy a wonderful cooking experience in a smart kitchen, users and designers need a visual interaction platform. This paper proposes a DT framework incorporating data processing, flow field online simulation, equipment monitoring, interaction and visualization. Specifically, the DT online simulation and visualization of the kitchen fume flow field serve as the foundation for appliance design and control. Additionally, users can gain deeper insight into the state and change trends of the kitchen. To address the online simulation of the flow field, a RFNO online simulation method is proposed. In addition, this paper proposes an Echarts-based 2D and UE5-based 3D flow field visualization method to enable dynamic visualization and interaction of the flow field. The proposed DT framework was successfully verified in the case of the smart kitchen, demonstrating its efficiency and effectiveness.

Brew Master: Smart Coffee Making Machine

Abstract: This paper presents the design and implementation of a smart coffee making machine utilizing servo motors and IoT technology. The system enables precise control over coffee-making parameters such as grind size, water temperature, and brewing time, all managed remotely via a mobile application. Servo motors ensure accurate operation of the grinder and brewing mechanisms. The IoT connectivity allows users to customize and monitor the brewing process from any location, providing real-time updates and notifications. The proposed solution demonstrates improved convenience, efficiency, and user satisfaction, showcasing the potential of integrating IoT and servo motor technologies in smart kitchen appliances.

IoT and Machine Learning in Smart Kitchen Monitoring for Enhanced Worker Health

The significance of occupational health in culinary settings, particularly kitchens, is paramount due to the inherent health risks associated with these environments. This study addresses the necessity of maintaining optimal environmental conditions, such as temperature, humidity, and air quality, in kitchens to safeguard worker health. To achieve this, the study advocates for the implementation of sophisticated ventilation and air conditioning systems. The core focus of the research is the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technology and advanced machine learning algorithms for the real-time monitoring and assessment of kitchen environments. Specifically, the study fine-tunes and evaluates several classification algorithms, including Decision Trees (DT), Support Vector Machines (SVM), and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), aiming to accurately predict and manage kitchen conditions. The comparative analysis reveals that the DT algorithm outperforms others, demonstrating exceptional accuracy (97.41%), precision (95.35%), and proficiency in identifying relevant scenarios (88.57%). In contrast, the KNN algorithm registers the lowest accuracy (75.12%), while the SVM algorithm, despite being the least precise (86.55%), shows a relatively higher capability in recognizing pertinent cases (86.55%) compared to KNN (72.33%). This study underscores the potential of integrating IoT and machine learning in enhancing occupational health standards in kitchen settings.

AI Kitchen

Purpose: Using several smart gadgets makes the kitchen smart. The picture of the kitchen from ancient has drastically changed. Now, the kitchen is glorified using modern technology. The kitchen chimney, microwave oven, etc., is more convenient for the kitchen. Now, AI has come, and every day, more and more devices are becoming AI-enabled. In this scenario, we demonstrated the project in an AI-enabled kitchen. There are several advantages of AI-enabled kitchens over intelligent kitchens. AI will handle our most repetitive and monotonous work. Also, AI will take care and protect from any accident before it happens, which generally happens due to forgetfulness or carelessness. Design/Methodology/Approach: We installed a CPU inside the home. We installed an action controller in the kitchen that connects all kitchen gadgets. One PTZ camera is installed in such a place that captures the gas oven and the entire kitchen environment. Our camera is the point-to-zoom (PTZ) type, so it can rotate the lens and zoom to capture any incident for better understanding or to detect the perfect image for accurate detection. Our camera is running all the time, which means round the clock. It always captures the image and processes the image by CPU. If any event matches with the event database, it sends the command to the action controller to take the action. If a new event is detected, it will learn from it and save it into the database for future use. Findings/Result: The complete system is the conceptual-based research work. However, every part of the module or section is based on practical research work. So, once the system is deployed in the practical field, it will work without issues. In a typical kitchen, we must always pay attention, like the regulator is on if the milk is left for a long time in the gas oven. So, this kind of tension and anxiety will go for retired. All events will be taken care of by our AI-enabled system. Once the system is installed, it will run autonomously; there is no need to take care of or follow up. Once the system detects some issue, the system will notify the concerned person. Originality/Value/Novelty: Nowadays, intelligent gadgets are taking place in the home. Smart devices, especially in the kitchen, make life easy. Using AI, we can get more benefits and security for the kitchen. We studied several research works. Most of the researchers automated kitchen gadgets. But still, the problem exists. All gadgets should be under centralized control to get better safety and control. Through this research work, we described how to create safety and control in the kitchen environment. This research works to provide more value to the modern, smart kitchen. Type of Paper: Conceptual Research.

Service robotics

All robotics can be divided into two large parts: industrial and service. Industrial robotics is used in industrial production, mainly in mechanical engineering, while service robotics allows for assistance in serving people. If the first part of robotics is close to saturation, then the second service part has a huge diverse development potential with large numbers of unfilled niches, many of which do not require large capital investments. One such niche is artificial intelligence. To create it, you need highly qualified programmers — developers and the availability of computer equipment, which has an impact on reducing prices. The reduction in the cost of computer components leads to the fact that the number of different sensors connected to each other via the Internet continues to grow, which, in turn, makes it possible to create a lot of smart kitchen appliances. But robotics' biggest service success is in medicine and healthcare. Robotics is used in surgery, diagnostics, patient care, and disinfection. Much progress has been made in the creation of chatbots. Robot consultants, robot waiters, robot cashiers, robot secretaries are constantly used. The development of robotics in Russia has great prospects. Russia has a developed engineering school, a technocratic society, and a positive attitude towards robots. But there are also weaknesses. Poor migration policy and protection of social security of the population lead to a large flow of unskilled migrants into the country. A robot can do everything except one thing — replace a migrant worker, especially when employers have no interest in such a replacement. This approach greatly reduces the intellectual level of production and leads to Russia's technological lag behind the implementation of other countries. Russia has all the prerequisites to make a qualitative leap in the development of service robotics and achieve results in this industry at the forefront.

Consumers’ perceived value of Social IoT based online community: investigating social awareness processes surrounding smart kitchen robot appliances

ABSTRACT Situated within the broader Social Internet of Things (SIoT) paradigm, where objects autonomously communicate, learn, and establish social relationships (Machine 2 Machine and Machine 2 Human), this study investigates via Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) the social awareness processes at hand and establishes the drivers of consumers’ perceived value of SIoT based online communities (OCs). We leverage the case of smart kitchen robot appliances, such as Cookeo by Moulinex, and a sample of female respondents (n = 335) from France who all own and use such SIoT kitchen robot devices. The model demonstrates that the perceived value of SIoT based OCs stems from three SIoT community related activities, mutual aid, participation, and enjoyment, that are respectively driven by three motivational factors, including the willingness to co-produce, the willingness to connect to others, and the willingness to learn from the community. The vibrant exchanges in these cooking OCs reveal evolving relationships’ configuration and demands among participants integrating SIoT technology reach in the meaning and historical specificity of cooking as a cultural practice. Our contributions relate to the identification of consumers’ perceived value of SIoT based OCs drivers and to the critical debate about gender in SIoT technology and services development.

Cyborg Cooks: Mothers and the Anthropology of Smart Kitchens

In this article, Katharina Graf challenges futurist visions and scholarly debates around the smart home and the domestication of digital technologies by drawing on multisen¬sory participant observation of domestic cooks' interactions with digital kitchen robots. She demonstrates that smart kitch¬ens are already a reality and that cyborg cooks are firmly established among us. Indeed, she argues further that mothers should be considered as early adopters of digital technologies in diverse domestic kitchens and contests the assumptions in futurist visions and in the literature that women, including those from cultural or class minorities, are tech-averse marginal users.

Combating Consumer Food Waste – An Exploration of Information Communication Technology Approach

Existing food production and consumption rate especially from consumer’s point of view cannot be measured as viable due to varieties of social economic factors involved in the food supply chain. Combating food waste contributes extensively to food security measures and easing conservational burden thus improving justifiable consumption of food. Food waste emanating from consumers especially individual households is huge. A systematic approach to mitigate this is to creatively enlighten consumers as alertness and campaigns. However, literature reveals that complimentary initiatives are required to confront the problem of consumer waste. Information technology is comparatively new approach to lead consumers carefully using technical platforms and solutions in the right direction towards reducing food waste. This study tackles this research gap by conducting comprehensive reviews of articles pointing to food wastage prevention, weaknesses and potential usage of ICT tools for positive impacts on consumers to reduce food wastages. The study focuses on the use of ICT tools and techniques as a means to reduce food wastage. The reviews covered existing food wastage saving measures and applications (e.g. smart kitchen appliances, smart packaging and mobile applications). It further proposed a broad ICT driven food wastage avoidance framework that deals with the problem holistically. The framework shows how various levels of food supply chain can be integrated to tackle wastages from top to bottom in avoiding consumer wastage. However, future research is required to validate and build on this framework.

Konut Mutfaklarında Kadın Kullanıcıların Memnuniyeti Üzerine Bir Çalışma: Maltepe Örneği

Aim of the study is the satisfaction levels of female users from their kitchens; the size of the kitchen, the workflow in the cooling-washing-cooking order, the use of built-in appliances and the age of the user. Research; literature review, testing the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, applying the questionnaire, evaluating the data obtained, discussing the research findings and presenting solution suggestions.In this study, users were informed about the questionnaire and signed a Voluntary Consent Form on a voluntary basis. Maltepe district of Istanbul was determined as the study area. Information about their kitchen satisfaction was obtained by conducting a survey to 500 female kitchen users residing in the district. As a result, a significant relationship was found between the size of the residential kitchen and satisfaction with its usefulness, and it was seen that there was a positive relationship between satisfaction with the workflow and usability in the kitchen layout. It has been observed that there is a significant relationship between the satisfaction of kitchen users with the use of built-in appliances and usability, and it has been determined that the age of the user does not affect the satisfaction with smart kitchen technologies.

Design and Implementation of a Framework for Smart Home Automation Based on Cellular IoT, MQTT, and Serverless Functions.

Smart objects and home automation tools are becoming increasingly popular, and the number of smart devices that each dedicated application has to manage is increasing accordingly. The emergence of technologies such as serverless computing and dedicated machine-to-machine communication protocols represents a valuable opportunity to facilitate management of smart objects and replicability of new solutions. The aim of this paper is to propose a framework for home automation applications that can be applied to control and monitor any appliance or object in a smart home environment. The proposed framework makes use of a dedicated messages-exchange protocol based on MQTT and cloud-deployed serverless functions. Furthermore, a vocal command interface is implemented to let users control the smart object with vocal interactions, greatly increasing the accessibility and intuitiveness of the proposed solution. A smart object, namely a smart kitchen fan extractor system, was developed, prototyped, and tested to illustrate the viability of the proposed solution. The smart object is equipped with a narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) module to send and receive commands to and from the cloud. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed solution, the suitability of NB-IoT for the transmission of MQTT messages was evaluated. The results show how NB-IoT has an acceptable latency performance despite some minimal packet loss.

A value-based view of the smart PSS adoption: a study of smart kitchen appliances

An emerging market for smart, connected products (SCPs) has enabled the manufacturing value proposition towards smart product-service systems (smart PSS). However, a new value proposition of smart PSS has still not been widely adopted by mainstream users because of a gap between expectation and actual delivery. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the smart PSS adoption in the context of smart kitchen appliances from a value-based view. The results show that key value dimensions affect the adoption intention of smart PSS, and adoption intention mediates the effects of key value dimensions on actual use. These findings provide insights into formulating a specific value proposition of a smart PSS business model.

SMART KITCHEN USING IOT

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the many features of the Internet of Things and their relevance in the smart kitchens. By different technologies and their applications smart kitchens have been covered. Different types of appliances have been described, as well as their applications in the smart kitchen. In recent years, the number of kitchen-related issue has been increased in domestic kitchen as well as commercial kitchens. Integrating IoT technology can keep away from these types of situation, such as remote monitoring of the entire kitchen via applications, messages, Gmail, Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi. Both hardware and software will be used for making smart kitchen. On the hardware part MQ2(Gas) sensor, Pressure sensors, DHT11 sensors, IR sensor is used in this. An integrated cloud application as well as a mobile app were used in software. For cloud data transfer, all of the sensors will be attached to an Arduino Uno board, and the software and coding will be handled by Porteous. By implementing the smart kitchen, it can be help people to make life easier in this busy world.

Research on IOT Control module for Smart Kitchen Based on AIOT Technology

In the Internet of Things, the smart kitchen field has broad market prospects and development potential. In order to solve the problems of wireless kitchen electric system in smart kitchen, such as lack of universality, poor autonomy and controllability, vulnerability to network attacks which lead to illegal data theft. In this paper, an IOT control module for smart kitchen based on AIOT is proposed. Through the design of module hardware and MQTT communication protocol, problems such as few wireless links supported by the IOT control module and no national security algorithm for security authentication can be solved. It can connect various smart kitchen appliances in the smart kitchen system and ensure the security of data.

IoT-Based Smart Kitchen for Smart Home Applications

One of the most important rooms in any person's or family's home is the kitchen. Above all else, safety is the most important consideration for any activity done in the kitchen. It is imperative to promptly detect and manage gas leaks, uncontrolled fires, high temperatures, and damp conditions to ensure everyone's safety and to preserve groceries, essential fruits and vegetables, and other items in good condition. Making a prototype of an Internet of Things (IoT) based SMART [S-Safe, M-Monitoring, A-Analysis, & R-Reporting, T-Technology] system is the primary goal of this project. The Internet of Things (IoT) is the concept that this SMART system for the kitchen uses. Several sensors, relays, and an ESP8266-Board Node MCU are all used in this proposed system. The ESP Dashboard server keeps an eye on the parameters of the indoor environment, including temperature, humidity, and smoke and gas detectors, to ensure the desired operation. This SMART kitchen's overarching goal is to provide a costly and practical cooking environment that optimizes convenience and minimizes hazards. Additionally, it should shield users from any unfortunate events, user errors, or carelessness on their part and encourage a safe area for cooking as well as a place to store groceries and other necessities.

Environmental Profile of a Novel High-Amylose Bread Wheat Fresh Pasta with Low Glycemic Index

To improve glycemic health, a high-amylose bread wheat flour fresh pasta characterized by a low in vitro glycemic index (GI) and improved post-prandial glucose metabolism was previously developed. In this study, well-known life cycle analysis software was used in accordance with the PAS 2050 and mid- and end-point ReCiPe 2016 standard methods to assess, respectively, its carbon footprint and overall environmental profile, as weighted by a hierarchical perspective. Even if both eco-indicators allowed the identification of the same hotspots (i.e., high-amylose bread wheat cultivation and consumer use of fresh pasta), the potential consumer of low-GI foods should be conscious that the novel low-GI fresh pasta had a greater environmental impact than the conventional counterpart made of common wheat flour, their corresponding carbon footprint or overall weighted damage score being 3.88 and 2.51 kg CO2e/kg or 184 and 93 mPt/kg, respectively. This was mainly due to the smaller high-amylose bread wheat yield per hectare. Provided that its crop yield was near to that typical for common wheat in Central Italy, the difference between both eco-indicators would be not greater than 9%. This confirmed the paramount impact of the agricultural phase. Finally, use of smart kitchen appliances would help to relieve further the environmental impact of both fresh pasta products.

RECENT ADVANCES IN SMART KITCHEN AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGIES: PRINCIPLES, APPROACHES, AND CHALLENGES

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a growing network of physical devices that are connected to various types of sensors and can share data with the aid of internet connectivity. Safety is an important consideration when designing a house, town, smart kitchen, etc., and it continues to play an important role in today’s world. In general, the kitchen is regarded as one of the most crucial tasks in our everyday lives, making it imperative to equip this vital element of human life with smart devices to avoid commonplace incidents such as gas leaks, intense particles in the environment, or fire outbursts. Gas leaks in the kitchen can be dangerous and deadly, resulting in fires if they go unchecked. For smart kitchens, various systems have been built to combat gas leaks and fire outbreaks. However, despite their high precision, these systems each have their own set of flaws that have severely restricted their implementations. The state-of-the-art in gas leakage, fire, and smoke detection in a smart kitchen is discussed in this paper. Different methods of gas leakage and fire detection are also addressed, along with their strengths and weaknesses, as well as products available in the market today.

Design and Implementation of Real-Time Kitchen Monitoring and Automation System Based on Internet of Things

Automation can now be found in nearly every industry. However, home automation has yet to reach Pakistan. This paper presents an Internet of Things smart kitchen project that includes automation and monitoring. In this project, a system was developed that automatically detects the kitchen temperature. It also monitors the humidity level in the kitchen. This system includes built-in gas detection sensors that detect any gas leaks in the kitchen and notify the user if the gas pressure in the kitchen exceeds a certain level. This system also allows the user to remotely control appliances such as freezers, ovens, and air conditioners using a mobile phone. The user can control gas levels using their phone with this system. In this paper, the ESP32, DHT11 Sensor, 5 V Relay X 8, and MQ-135 gas sensors create a smart kitchen by controlling the temperature, managing humidity, and detecting gas leakage. The system was built on an Arduino board that is connected to the Internet. The hardware was integrated and programmed using an Arduino, and a user Android application was developed. The project’s goal is to allow any Android smartphone to remotely control devices. This method is commonly used in homes, businesses, and grocery stores. Users will be able to control all of their instruments from anywhere, including switches, fans, and lights. Furthermore, simulation was performed using Matlab2016b on multiple houses. In the simulation, not only was the kitchen considered, but also two, four, and six houses. Each house has two bedrooms, one living room, one guest room, two bathrooms, and one kitchen. The results revealed that using this system will have a scientifically significant impact on electricity consumption and cost. In the case of the houses, the cost was USD 33.32, 32.64, 22.32, and 19.54 for unscheduled, two, four, and six houses, respectively. Thus, it was observed that the cost and power are directly proportional to each other. The results reveal that the proposed solution efficiently reduces the cost as compared to that of unscheduled houses.

TupperwareEarth: Bringing Intelligent User Assistance to the “Internet of Kitchen Things”

Smart devices have entered all spheres of modern living, from monitoring the steps we walk to managing refrigerator inventory, ushering in the dawn of a new urban experience. The kitchen is the heart of the home; a place to share, care for and nurture the family unit, but also a place seeing the greatest impact from the introduction of smart devices. The smart sensing and remote control capability of smart appliances have enabled great physical convenience for users but have had less impact on cognitive conveniences. While such devices can sense <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">what</i> they are working with, they fail to understand <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">who</i> they are working for, leaving much of the burden of trivial planning and decision making to humans with less personalized services. Hence, we introduce TupperwareEarth, a knowledge-based ontological semantic network for the “Internet of Kitchen Things” with the aim of reducing physical as well as cognitive loads of humans in cooking tasks. Also, we present a testbed for exploring kitchen innovation and validating the effectiveness of TupperwareEarth that combines intelligent kitchen storage containers, Smart Tupperware, and existing smart kitchen appliances through an Internet of Things network and a user-friendly front-end interface, Tuppy. Using this testbed, the quantitative user studies show a 33% reduction in average food preparation time and qualitative user surveys show that 75% of the users observed a significant reduction in cognitive loads, thereby validating the cognitive conveniences granted by TupperwareEarth.

Perceived Values to Evaluate Smart Product-Service Systems of Smart Kitchen Appliances

In recent years, the need to develop a user-centric Smart Product-Service Systems (smart PSS) with user experience (UX) has been widely recognized by both industry and academia. Although perceived value is a key driver of smart product/service development with unique experience, existing research has rarely systematically explored the perceived value of smart PSS that can be identified, which could lead organizations to be unable to adapt to this rapid digital transformation. Thus, this study adopted smart kitchen appliances to identify which dimensions of perceived value are influential in the development of the smart PSS with UX. The primary objectives of this study were to: (1) develop a comprehensive perceived value scale of smart PSS; and (2) validate the scale’s stability and goodness of fit. The analysis results of this study show that a one-order confirmatory factor analysis is effective for verifying the scale. Five latent variables, usefulness, flexibility, reliability, fee, and technicality, and 19 observable variables can be used as effective evaluation measurement indicators to demonstrate that a value-based viewpoint is crucial for development of the smart PSS with UX in the organization.