Small Sculptures Research Articles

Lichens growth on Sun Temple of Konark in Odisha, India- A curse or blessing

The present observation on the famous Sun Temple of Konark, Odisha for Lichen growth revealed that a more than 500 different spots were found on main temple, small sculptures erected within the temple premises and boundary walls. A total of 15 species belonging 14 genera and 11 families were found growing on the sites surveyed. Ten lichen species tightly adhere to the substrate forming crust (crustose lichen) and producing secondary metabolites were dominated on almost all the sites while only four leafy (foliose lichen) species and one squamulose species were recorded.

Góngora y su dama. De nuevo sobre «De pura honestidad templo sagrado»

Giulia Poggi denies, in a recent study, that «De pura honestidad templo sagrado» describes the small sculpture of the Virgin of Villaviciosa in the Cathedral-Mosque of Cordoba, as suggested by me in 2010, and insists in the supposedly amatory character of the sonnet. In the following pages I demonstrate that neither of the two main arguments adduced by Poggi, a restrictive view of intertextuality, and an arbitrary summary of Pineda’s censorship comments, allow us to decide the point. Lastly, I indicate the comprehension mistakes of some lines of the sonnet by the Italian critic, which have led her astray; and I add some new factual information, related in part to Gongora’s converso condition, recently demonstrated, which strengthen the views that Poggi attempts to deny.

Figurillas de encapuchados hispanorromanos: Definición, clasificación e interpretación

Representations of hooded individuals or cucullati were frequent in the Roman world. The characteristic cucullus was worn by both male individuals of a low social rank and patricians who wore hoods to avoid being recognised; also divine beings known as genii and other divinities were represented with a hood and cloak-hood, in this case with a special meaning. When studying ancient Hispania , such representations have often gone unobserved due to publication problems rather than to their absence in the archaeological record. A historiographic review of terracotta and bronze figurines or small sculptures of cucullati documented so far in the Iberian Peninsula has made it possible to analyse their origin, character, and the materials used in their manufacturing, in such a way that new knowledge is gained from a context-based analysis.

Don’t Do What I Did!

Summary This small Middle Kingdom sculpture is approximately datable to the reign of King Amenemhat II and is one of the earliest preserved block statues. The inscription added hundreds of years after the statue’s creation, sometime between the Ramesside Period and the Third Intermediate Period reflects the regard in which the object was held, even in ancient times.

Las <em>tabernae</em> de <em>Pollentia</em> (Mallorca). Materiales figurados como manifestaciones apotropaicas, de religiosidad, y de representación durante el siglo III

A series of figurative materials found in commercial blocks around the forum of Pollentia in the 3rd century phase are herein presented. These materials, mainly small bronze sculptures, show different representation strategies and attraction of customers, but also certain religious and superstitious attitudes, and are therefore important indicators of the daily life and beliefs of the masses that inhabit these establishments.

Analysis of Villa Landscape Design

This article from the villa garden and rockery, pavilion, flower racks, small sculptures and other point of view on some issues in the villa landscape design are discussed. The landscape design of villa has carried on the analysis, proposed the design ideas.

Estudio y composición de nueve estatuillas chinas y japonesas del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales aportadas por D. Juan de Cuellar en el siglo XVIII

This paper describes a historical study combined with a non-destructive chemical and molecular characterisation (using ESEM-EDS and Raman spectroscopy) of nine small sculptures. The specimens kept in the National Museum of Natural Sciences (MNCN institution) are composed of steatite or soapstone, a soft and unctuous mineral containing talc and pyrophyllite. We found that two of the specimens are made of pyrophyllite from Japan while the other seven are talc carved with Chinese-style ornamentation. These talc specimens from China include calcite formed by dolomite metamorphism, while the pyrophyllite samples show Pb, Fe, Cl, As, P, S, Na and Ca, chemical elements more characteristic of hydrothermal alterations of felsic rocks from Japan. The statuettes were brought to what was then the RGHN from Philippines in the eighteenth century by Juan de Cuellar. The paper includes a short biography of this Spanish explorer and botanist and an account of his scientific and economic activities. These specimens are an excellent example of the Enlightenment fashion for collecting Asian objects.

The Design and Realization of Large-Scale Free-Form Sculptures

Two new sculptures conceived and designed by Brent Collins and Carlo Séquin are currently in their final phase of fabrication and were scheduled to be installed at the beginning of May 2012 in a Science Building at Missouri Western State University. Fabrication problems encountered in these sculptures prompt this review of various issues one may encounter when taking a small sculpture model and scaling it up to a larger-than-human dimensions. This talk will review the design and realization processes for a few large-scale sculptures based on Collins' geometrical inspirations, involving materials that include: compressed snow, translucent epoxy, cast bronze, and carved granite. Bio: Carlo H. Séquin has been a professor of Computer Science at the University of California, Berkeley since 1977. His research interests lie in the fields of Computer Graphics, Virtual Environments, and Computer Aided Design Tools. He has built CAD tools for the layout of integrated circuits, for the conceptual phase in architectural design, for the design of mechanical systems, and – more recently – for artists who create abstract geometrical sculptures. During the last few years, Séquin has also been very active in the field of mathematical visualization, tackling problems at the intersection of geometry and topology. The visualization models created in this context form again a bridge to the world of art and sculpture.

Jurchen pendants of the netsuke type

Netsuke, miniature sculptures of stone and glass, are among the most striking materials discovered at the medieval sites of Primorye. At the present time, 29 such pendants have been recorded. All were discovered at sites dating back to the time of the Jurchen state Eastern Xia (1115–1233). The distinctive style and certain standardization of these small sculptures gives one to assume that the Jurchen people had their own original school of small plastic art. Netsuke appeared among the Jurchen in the 13th century. No such sculptures have been found at sites dated earlier than the 13th century. Therefore, the present author supports the view of researchers who suggest that the Japanese and the Mongolians adopted netsuke from the Jurchen people.

Estimating the Fraction of ‘Non-Genuine’ Artwork by Henry Moore for Sale on eBay: Application of Latent Class Screening Test Methodology

SummaryAlthough the Internet has provided consumers with new ways to purchase goods, it also has allowed less scrupulous businesses and individuals to offer poor quality or mislabelled items. In particular, the operators of Internet auction sites may not be required to guarantee the quality or genuineness of the items listed. A latent class approach that was originally developed to estimate the accuracy of medical tests and the prevalence of an infection is adapted to provide estimates of the prevalence of ‘questionable’ artwork offered on eBay. The method requires the existence of two subpopulations with a different prevalence of the trait and each subject is classified by two different tests. As Henry Moore produced less expensive lithographs and etchings, in addition to small sculptures and original drawings, two subpopulations of artwork were available. Two knowledgeable individuals independently assessed all the works by Moore offered on eBay for a period of 18 months. After discussing the issue of non-genuine versions of Moore’s art with experts on Henry Moore, a Bayesian approach was adopted. The method estimates that about 90% of the drawings and small sculptures that are listed on eBay are not genuine whereas most, about 90–95%, of signed prints are genuine. Because the methodology does not require a ‘gold standard’ it can be adopted by consumer protection agencies or producers of expensive items to monitor the authenticity of those objects offered to the public on Internet auction sites.

Estimating the Fraction of 'Questionable' Artwork by Henry Moore for Sale on Ebay: Application of Latent Class Screening Test Methodology

While the internet has provided consumers with new ways to purchase goods, it also has allowed less scrupulous businesses and individuals to offer poor quality or mislabeled items. In particular, the operators of internet auction sites may not guarantee the quality or genuineness of the items listed. A latent class approach originally developed to estimate the accuracy of medical tests and the prevalence of an infection is adapted to provide estimates of the prevalence of “questionable” art work offered on eBay. The method requires the existence of two subpopulations with a different prevalence of the trait and each subject is classified by two different tests. As Henry Moore produced less expensive lithographs and etchings, in addition to small sculptures and original drawings, two subpopulations of artwork were available. After discussing the issue of “fakes” with experts on Henry Moore, a Bayesian approach was adopted. The results showed that about 90% of the drawings and small sculptures listed on eBay are “questionable” while most, about 90 to 95% of signed prints are genuine. Because the methodology does not require a “gold standard” it can be adopted by consumer protection agencies or producers of expensive items to monitor the authenticity of items offered to the public on internet auction sites.

The Sphinx on the Table: Sigmund Freud’s Art Collection and the Development of Psychoanalysis

The Sphinx on the Table: Sigmund Freud’s Art Collection and the Development of Psychoanalysis

Japannequins : A New Bilingual Kyōgen Based on the Traditional Kyōgen Roku Jizō ( Six Jizō)

This introduction traces the playwrighting and directing processes in the creation of thenew kyōgen, Japannequins. The combined suggestions of producers, playwright, director, and actors created humor from intercultural bilingual frictions and depicted the discrepancy between the traditional and contemporary worlds.

Art as measure: nursing as safeguarding1

In this paper I explore the possibilities of nursing as safeguarding through a phenomenological description of a small sculpture by the German artist Käthe Kollwitz. My discussion will be grounded in Heidegger's understanding of technicity as a pervasive systematizing and aggressive challenging-out. The method is grounded in Merleau-Ponty's and Heidegger's contention that strong artworks are truth-disclosing and show up our precognitive contact with the world. Bringing nursing concerns to an encounter with single strong artworks can help us cultivate a more receptive openness to our patients.

A glass of water

A glass of water

Empirical and Theoretical Investigations of Sculpted Forms in Buckeye Creek Cave, West Virginia

Sculpted forms play important roles in channel erosion, but the controls on their growth or appearance are uncertain. Empirical evidence from sculpted forms eroded into limestones within Buckeye Creek Cave, West Virginia, shows that types of sculpture morphology are determined by the types of flow or vortex structures present within sculptures during floods. Small hemispherical sculptures maintain constant form as they enlarge and occupy fixed locations on channel walls because of their association with joints, styolites, and bedding planes. Taking advantage of the systematic growth and stability of the sculptures, a geometrical model of sculpture growth is presented that relates the effects of sculpture size, form, and wall retreat to the relative erosion efficiencies and excesses required for sculpture growth. Numerical results obtained from the theoretical model reveal that small sculptures must erode more efficiently than large sculptures or they will be removed by wall retreat and that erosion rates must increase exponentially with increasing concavity. Relative to channel erosion, small sculptures must possess very high interior erosion rates where nearby surfaces are rapidly eroding. Therefore, small sculptures are unlikely to form or persist on rapidly eroding surfaces, and the rate of incision is an important control on the evolution of sculpted forms.

Sculture di metallo da Nisa: Cultura greca e cultura iranica in Partia. By Antonio Invernizzi.

The post-war excavations carried out at Nisa, the only capital of the Parthian empire known to us from excavations, and situated not far from Ashgabat, the modern capital of Turkmenistan, produced a mass of extraordinary results and a large amount of information on several aspects of Arsacid court life. A number of masterpieces stand out among the remains of the furnishing of the royal palaces. Representations of great interest decorated objects of various kinds: small sculptures and appliques of gilded silver or bronze were mounted on metal vessels, parade arms and other artefacts. These objects were probably manufactured in Central Asia by skilled artisans working for the court. Several of these works are products of purely Hellenistic art in their iconography and style, others show a close relationship with the animal art of the steppes. In all cases, they are highly original documents, showing that there was a lively interaction between Greek and Iranian culture at the court of the early Arsacids at Nisa.

The Spaghetti Eaters

of Art's noted collection of eighteenthcentury porcelain figures are three small sculptures one of which was made at the Capodimonte factory, near Naples, and the others at Buen Retiro, outside Madrid, that depict characters from the commedia dell'arte eating spaghetti. Each piece portrays the character Pulcinella, alone or with one or more companions. No commedia dell'arte character is more closely associated with food than Pulcinella. He appears to have been invented in 1628 by the Neapolitan actor Silvio Fiorillo, while another actor, Andrea Calcese, called Cuiccio, was known for refining the role.' The character was introduced to France, where he was known as Polichinelle, by Giovanni Briocci at the end of the seventeenth century.2 In England he was called Punch. The extraordinary circumstances surrounding Pulcinella's birth are described in a lazzo, or comic interlude, recorded by Adriani di Lucca in 1734: explains to Coviello that he was born before his father. When Coviello says this is impossible, Pulcinella replies that while his father was walking in Toledo, he fell asleep and barely missed being run over by a carriage. A passerby screamed at him, 'You must have been born yesterday!' Since this happened a year ago, Pulcinella maintains that he must have been born before his father.3

External-beam PIXE analysis of small sculptures

Non-destructive analysis of precious art objects is an important tool to solve provenance problems or to facilitate restoration. External beam PIXE analysis is one of the most powerful and popular methods used in this respect. The paper summarises the external beam PIXE set-up at the Accelerator Laboratory in Budapest, and two selected applications are described. Different parts of a small Cambodian metal sculpture probably made in the 11th century were analysed. It was observed that the sculpture was composed of an iron core and an outer bronze shell. This sculptural technique was well known in the Middle-East but no indication has been found about its use in the Far-East, yet. Before its restoration paint traces on a wooden relief of St. Jerome made by an unknown artist in about 1600 were analysed. Different white and red paints were distinguished at selected points and the presence of titanium on a certain part of the relief was attributed to a repainting in modern times.

Pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of natural resins used for artistic objects

Eight resins used as protective layers for paintings, small sculptures, jewelries and artistic furniture, namely, Manila copal, colophony, Venice turpentine, elemi, shellac, dammar, sandarac and mastic were subjected to pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (PY-GC-MS). Significant mass spectral ions were monitored in each pyrogram. A table for identification of such resins based on the most significant ions in the mass spectra of the pyrolysis fragments is proposed. The results of PY-GC-MS analysis of a sample from the earth globe Giovanni Enriques, attributed to the Venetian geographer Vincenzo Coronelli (1650–1718) (Museo della Specola, Department of Astronomy, University of Bologna), are reported as an example of practical application of the method to a real artistic sample.