Small Items Research Articles

BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF Ameivula nigrigula (SQUAMATA: TEIIDAE): FEEDING HABIT, SEXUAL DIMORPHISM, REPRODUCTION AND MATURATION OF FEMALES

Life history information plays a crucial role in comprehending the evolutionary processes that shape ecological patterns within species, but there is limited information available on the reproductive and other aspects of tropical Squamata. In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis of dietetic and morphometric data, specifically related to the size and sex determination of Ameivula nigrigula, aiming to investigate if there is sexual dimorphism and identify the onset of sexual maturity in female individuals. By thoroughly examining the stomach contents, we observed that the majority of specimens retain food remnants, with a prevalence of small prey items such as Hymenoptera and Isoptera. Our findings reveal a lack of sexual dimorphism in terms of body size, indicating that males and females possess similar dimensions and proportions. Moreover, our investigations suggest that different color patterns do not correspond to distinct stages of female development, as chromatic variations are observed in both juvenile and ovigerous females. Consequently, dorsal coloration may not serve as a reliable indicator of sexual maturity. The observed chromatic variation is likely a form of polymorphism within the population, lacking the potential to determine life stages. Furthermore, our examination of female fertility reveals the presence of one to two eggs per female, consistent with findings in other Teiidae species.

Examinations on small bronze items from the Hallstatt period burial ground at Mitterkirchen in Upper Austria

Abstract A partially destroyed burial ground from the Hallstatt period in the area of Mitterkirchen in Upper Austria was archaeologically investigated. The graves are dated to the Hallstatt C period corresponding to the 8th/7th century BC. Two triangular-headed nails and two lamellar “Buckel” (domed bronze plates) made of Sn-bronze were available for material investigations. One of each was subjected to metallographic examinations. The triangular-headed nail’s bronze contains about 15 wt. %Sn. The dendritic cast structure and the eutectoid phase Cu41Sn11 are clearly visible. What is noticeable is that a Cu41Sn11 layer formed in some areas of the surface. The lamellar Buckel’s microstructure is recrystallized and exhibits only a few deformation twins. Its bronze contains about 13 wt. %Sn. Hence, only very little Cu41Sn11 is present. Elongated Cu2S precipitates indicate that the initial sheet was manufactured by fine forging.

Development of a framework for assessing train passengers' post‐boarding behaviours based on their perceptions

AbstractWhile existing literature has focused on modelling pedestrian movement on platforms, there is a lack of understanding of passengers' perceptions, motivations, and influential factors that shape their on‐board behaviours and choices. This study developed a conceptual framework to assess passengers' post‐boarding behaviours and perceptions, specifically focusing on their actions and choices inside the train carriages. The conceptual framework was tested through survey data of 429 passengers in Melbourne, Australia. The result shows that door access is the most influential factor when passengers choose where to stand or sit on board, followed by comfort, safety, privacy, and random factors. Furthermore, the study explores the relationship between the post‐boarding behaviour variables and travellers’ personal and trip characteristic variables. The analysis shows that carrying large items has a more significant effect on many post‐boarding behaviour variables. Gender, age group, travel frequency, waiting time, and carrying small items also play significant roles. However, variables such as travel time and frequency of group travel have lesser effects. These novel findings offer valuable insights, laying the groundwork for future modelling activities. Moreover, the understanding derived from passenger perceptions can guide transport agencies and operators in shaping strategies to improve onboard services.

Publication Trends of Online Assessment in Physical Education

Covid-19 significantly contributed to increasing use of online assessment in education, including physical education. Teachers still need online assessments in face-to-face learning because they help them improve a practical, objective, and credible assessment process for students' learning performance. This research aimed at tracking the publication trends of OA in PE in four years, 2019-2023, from the Scopus database. The investigation began on October 11, 2023, using the title, abstract, and keywords of "online AND assessment AND in AND physical AND education," and the researchers succeeded in collecting 985 documents (articles = 82.74%, conference papers = 8.83%, reviews = 6.19%, book chapters = 1.32%, and conference reviews = 0.91%). The publication trend metrics were highest in 2021 with 277 articles (28.12%) and began to decline by 0.10% in 2022 (to 28.02%) and 9.04% in 2023 (to 18.98). Over the four years 2019-2023, there were 2698 citations from 277 documents (average citations per document = 9.74). VOSviewer analysis proves that the title words "online assessment" and "physical education" have a small item load, so the visualisation was not visible in the VOS viewer output. Apart from that, the two title words also did not have a connection. This means that this study proved the results of online assessment investigation in physical education still has potential for future research. Future research can explore and project the various needs for developing OA in PE to help teachers organise effective, efficient and credible assessment activities.

Influence of Communication Strategy on Performance of Project within Non-Governmental Organizations in Mogadishu, Somalia

The main objective of this study was to determine the influence of communication on performance of project within Non-Governmental Organizations in Mogadishu, Somalia. In this research, descriptive research design was used, and the target population was 78 managers and 390 senior employees in the 78 NGOs in Mogadishu. The study adopted a stratified random sampling technique, where a sample size of 216 respondents was selected using Yamane’s (1967) formula. Data was collected using questionnaire, and descriptive and inferential statistics were applied in the data analysis. The findings showed that managers and other higher-level staff are aware of the communication process. There was a written and well-articulated communication process. The managers can communicate effectively with employees. Communication within the NGO has an influence on organizational performance. The intercept between communication and performance of project becomes better by β = 0.821, p<0.01. This meant that when a single unit improves Communication, the project performance also significantly improves by 82.1%. Lastly, the study concluded that communication is very key for any seamless operations within the project deliverables. Further, communication is the key ingredient in effective project management as everything revolves around it from planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation which requires proper feedback mechanisms for a seamless operation. Finally, the study recommends adoption of a communication channel that facilitates proper feedback mechanism in order to prevent information loss on any item, whether it is a big or small ticket item.

On the Move pad – a portable multipurpose pad: User feedback

Context/Objective Hard-shell toilet seats may compromise safety and hinder the participation of individuals at risk for pressure injuries (PIs) when using these facilities away from home in public, hotel, or family/friend restrooms. Moreover, people often add “wash-cloths” for additional padding for comfort, and to reduce the risk of PIs due to pressure or shearing on their wheelchairs surfaces. This study investigated the utilization of portable pads, initially designed for toilet use but adaptable to various places and contexts, while examining pad usability. Design A cross-sectional descriptive survey design. Setting Inpatient care, outpatient care, and community setting. Participants 45 individuals at risk of PIs. Results Participants extended the use of these pads beyond toilets, employing them as wheelchair armrest and leg rest pads in other settings. Feedback from a customized questionnaire indicated high levels of usefulness (8.5/10) and ease of use (9.1/10) attributed to the pads. Among the features, the top three favored were ease of use, comfort/cushioning, and function. Participants expressed a desire for a variety of sizes and colors to enable versatile usage and suggested incorporating a pocket for storing small items. Conclusions and Relevance Individuals at risk of PIs require cushioning not only on hard-shell toilet seats, but also for additional padding, protection and enhancing the use of wheelchairs. Rehabilitation professionals can play a crucial role in educating and training both clients and caregivers to understand PI prevention, enabling them to effectively leverage the pads in appropriate situations, thereby enhancing their comfort in their wheelchairs during social engagement.

Community-Based Waste Management in The Township PT. Bukit Asam, Tanjung Enim, Indonesia

Community-based waste management in the PT. Bukit Asam Township, Tanjung Enim, is essential. This study involved 67 respondents residing in the Township. A mixed-method approach was used, including interviews, observations, and SWOT analysis. The results indicate that residents are actively engaged in waste containment, with most households (85%) disposing of all waste without sorting. Only a small percentage reuse items (5%) and compost (2%). The average waste generated per socioeconomic group exceeds the standards set by SNI 3242-2008. Community-based waste management at PT. Bukit Asam has the potential for success due to active participation and company support. The SWOT analysis reveals strengths in participation, company support, education, and a structured system but weaknesses in dependence on participation and funding, and limitations in human resources and infrastructure. Opportunities include government support, new technologies, and collaboration with NGOs, while threats arise from policy changes, social issues, regulations, environmental impacts, and disasters. Improvement strategies include initial assessments, stakeholder mapping, awareness enhancement, facility provision, supervision, monitoring, incentives, periodic evaluations, and continuous innovation. With these strategies, the program is expected to be effective and sustainable, address waste issues, create new economic opportunities, and serve as a model for other communities.

Offenders’ perspectives on acquisitive crime targets and stolen goods disposal methods

This paper examines offenders’ perspectives about acquisitive crime targets and stolen goods markets in Australia that have not been comprehensively reviewed since 2005. Over the last 18 years there have been significant changes in the rates of property crime, reductions in cash usage, and rapid movements to online markets as a disposal outlet, that motivate this updated analysis. In late 2022, n = 107 detainees in a Western Australian police watchhouse were interviewed about their property offending frequency, offence preferences, target selection, disposal methods, and estimated financial return for targeted goods. Results demonstrated (a) meaningful shifts towards shoplifting and away from the other stealing offences, (b) increases in stealing for personal consumption rather than selling on, (c) declines in preferences for small electronic items, (d) ongoing dependence on drug dealers as a preferred outlet for off-loading stolen goods, (e) disposal of stolen goods is still quick, easy, and typically offenders receive about one-third of the original purchase price for items, and (f) growth in the use of online markets to dispose of stolen goods. The theoretical and applied implications of these findings are discussed, emphasising the importance of opportunity-focused interventions to prevent crime.

Active Dual Line-Laser Scanning for Depth Imaging of Piled Agricultural Commodities for Itemized Processing Lines.

The accurate depth imaging of piled products provides essential perception for the automated selection of individual objects that require itemized food processing, such as fish, crabs, or fruit. Traditional depth imaging techniques, such as Time-of-Flight and stereoscopy, lack the necessary depth resolution for imaging small items, such as food commodities. Although structured light methods such as laser triangulation have high depth resolution, they depend on conveyor motion for depth scanning. This manuscript introduces an active dual line-laser scanning system for depth imaging static piled items, such as a pile of crabs on a table, eliminating the need for conveyor motion to generate high-resolution 3D images. This advancement benefits robotic perception for loading individual items from a pile for itemized food processing. Leveraging a unique geometrical configuration and laser redundancy, the dual-laser strategy overcomes occlusions while reconstructing a large field of view (FOV) from a long working distance. We achieved a depth reconstruction MSE of 0.3 mm and an STD of 0.5 mm on a symmetrical pyramid stage. The proposed system demonstrates that laser scanners can produce depth maps of complex items, such as piled Chesapeake Blue Crab and White Button mushrooms. This technology enables 3D perception for automated processing lines and offers broad applicability for quality inspection, sorting, and handling of piled products.

On some Features of Funerary Assemblage of the Egyptian Priestess Nesmut

The subject of this paper is the analysis of funerary assemblage of Nesmut, the Egyptian priestess of the 21st Dynasty (her titles are “Mistress of the House, Chantress of Amun, king of the gods”). The burial of Nesmut was discovered in 1891 in the so-called “Second Cache” at Deir al-Bahri, also known as Bāb el-Gusūs (set no. A.48). Inventory that was discovered on the mummy: leather mummy braces, three “napkins”, linen gloves, shale heart scarab, and wax images of the sons of Horus. Inventory that was found near or inside of the coffin: two shabti-boxes, shabtis. Nesmut’s mummy cover is located in the Museum of Antiquities in Cairo (Cairo CG 6007). Her coffin is currently stored in the Odesa Archaeological Museum (OAM) of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (inv. no. 71695). It was part of the so-called Lot VI presented to Russian Empire by Egyptian government in 1893. In 1895, the coffin of Nesmut was sent from Odesa to the Archaeological Museum of St. Volodymyr Kyiv University. In 1959 the coffin of Nesmut was among other objects that were transferred from the State Republican Historical Museum in Kyiv to the OAM. The lid of the coffin with inv. no. OAM 71695 differs in design style from the trunk and has an earlier dating. Structurally, the lid has retained traces of technological processing and fitting the trunk of the later coffin of its namesake. Accordingly, there were two Nesmuts, whose funerary objects were discovered in Bāb el-Gusūs. The burial of Nesmut (II) corresponds to the set no. A.48 by Daressy and it is linked with the coffin trunk no. OAM 71695. Separate objects from Nesmut’s (I) grave goods were adapted for later burials: the lid of her inner coffin was used for the Odesa coffin of Nesmut (II), and the lid of the outer coffin might have been adapted for an anonymous burial from Bāb el-Gusūs set no. A.54 (Swiss lot IX, Neuchâtel, Musée d’Ethnographie, inv. no. Eg. 184) on which the name “Nesmut” preserved in one segment of the lid. The burial of Nesmut was also equipped with two different types of shabtis. It is possible that like the lid of the coffin, part of the shabtis was “usurped” by Nesmut (II) and previously belonged to the burial of her namesake and probably relative, Nesmut (I). It is quite probable, that they were reused and adopted for the burial of new owner together with the shabti-box, since the two of them were found in the set no. A.48. This may prove that during the 21st Dynasty, not only large objects, but also small items of grave goods could be reused.

Functional classification and material characterization of plastic packaging in Flemish land litter to support effective reduction policies

Littered plastics are ubiquitous in the environment. This work presents an elaborate functional classification and material characterization of plastic packaging in land litter representatively sampled in Flanders, to support policy makers in taking effective reduction measures. In terms of mass, plastic bottles constituted the largest functional fraction (50.4 %) within plastic packaging found in land litter, followed by packaging films (food and non-food combined, 19.2 %) and rigid packaging (food and non-food combined, 18.2 %). In contrast, in number, plastic bottles were only the third largest fraction (10.1 %), after food (37.9 %) and non-food (26.2 %) packaging films. The difference between mass and number % for plastic packaging films can be explained by the fact that these films largely consisted of small and lightweight items, such as cookie wrappers and fragments of torn-open packaging. On a material level, the bottles fraction consisted almost entirely of PET, whereas non-food packaging films, bags and loose bottle caps consisted mainly of PE. ‘Cups and lids’, food and non-food rigid packaging and food packaging films consisted of a variety of polymer types, with PP, PET and PE being the most abundant in different ratios. Given the relative importance of plastic bottles, the introduction of a deposit return system could considerably reduce the plastic packaging mass littered into the environment. However, since the share of plastic packaging in the total collected land litter was only 14 %, the overall effect of such a measure on the litter mass will be limited. Given the high number share of food and non-food packaging films such as cookie wrappers, indicating their high ‘likeliness-to-get-littered’, effective policies to avoid littering of these types of packaging seem to be key.

Microperimetric Acoustic Biofeedback Training (MABFT) in Macular Dystrophy: A Case Report

Introduction : Microperimetry (MP3) measures local retinal sensitivity for retinal functional assessment and uses the result for a biofeedback training exam for low vision patients. It can relocate the preferred retinal locus to the most sensitive area from central visual field diseases. This paper is to report the MABFT effect on reading speed and visual acuity in young, low-vision macular dystrophy patients.
 Case Illustration : A 34-year-old Caucasian male has been diagnosed with macular dystrophy since childhood. He has difficulties reading and recognizing small items at school because of his central visual field defect. He has MABFT six times a week and reading practice at home. His best corrected visual acuity improved from 1.1 to 1.0 logMAR and his reading speed from 20 to 30 wpm with spectacles. His right eye fixation became worse, but the left eye remained unstable. Clinically, it is still not significant for the patient. His near-visual acuity remains the same.
 Discussion : 
 Conclusion : Microperimetric Acoustic Biofeedback Training increases reading speed and visual acuity in low vision macular dystrophy patients.

Application of the Global Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis to assess the importance of deadwood characteristics for forest biodiversity

AbstractData acquisition for sustainable forest management has focused on obtaining high quality information to estimate biomass. Improving the quality of non-timber sustainability indicators, like deadwood volume, has been a minor interest. To explore how inventory approaches could be improved, we applied a Global Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis (GUSA) to evaluate which factors propagate more errors in deadwood modelling and how better data collection can minimize them. The impact of uncertainty on deadwood characteristics (diameter, collapse ratio, decay class, tree species, and position) was explored under stakeholders´ preferences, management actions, and climate change scenarios. GUSA showed that removing the prediction error in deadwood tree species and diameter would alter the most the total uncertainty in deadwood volume. We found that assessment of high deadwood volume was less uncertain for the scenarios where small deadwood items were left decaying on the forest floor (BAU) and for high-end climate change scenario (RCP8.5) which resulted in lower deadwood accumulation in forest stands and therefore also in lower likelihood of erroneous estimates. Reduced uncertainty in tree species and diameter class will elevate the certainty of deadwood volume to a similar level achieved in living biomass estimation. Our uncertainty and sensitivity analysis was successful in ranking factors propagating errors in estimate of deadwood and identified a strategy to minimize uncertainty in predicting deadwood characteristics. The estimation of uncertainty in deadwood levels under the scenarios developed in our study can help decision makers to evaluate risk of decreasing deadwood value for biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation.

Beach Litter Variability According to the Number of Visitors in Cádiz Beaches, SW Spain

The amount and composition of litter was evaluated during May and June 2021 at two urban beaches, i.e., La Victoria and La Cortadura, in Cádiz, SW Spain. Surveys were carried out daily in the morning and in the evening during the weekends to quantify the daily accumulation of beach litter and relate it to the number of beach users, which was assessed at around 1:00 p.m. Litter amount was also related to cleanup operations that were very mechanically and manually carried out each day very early in the morning. A total of 8108 items were collected at the two investigated sectors during the study period and beach visitors were quantified in 22 surveys. Plastic was the most common material, representing 82% in La Victoria and 68% in La Cortadura. The most common items were cigarette butts and small, hard plastic fragments. Some litter items that were hazardous to beach visitors were identified, such as broken glass. The number of visitors was positively related to the amount of litter. Significant differences were seen in the litter abundance between the morning and evening assessments since the beaches were cleaned daily and bins were available to facilitate trash disposal. Cleaning operations remove many of the litter items but always leave small quantities of small items uncollected. Efforts to prevent litter on these beaches should focus on informing visitors properly in order to avoid littering and on improving cleanup operations.

Evaluation of relative weight of balanced personnel index in Korean Public Offices through AHP

This research was conducted with the aim of developing indexes for diagnosis of balanced personnel levels in Korean Public Offices through Analytic Hierachy Process (AHP). The research found that 62.3% of ‘structural improvement’ and 37.7% of ‘inclusive organizational culture’ were weighted in large classification items. In the middle classification items, it was found weights of 27.5% for ‘gender equality’, 23.5% for ‘disabled’, 16.2% for ‘science and engineering’, 17.7% for ‘regional talent’, and 15.2% for ‘social integrated type’. In the small classification items, 9.4% of ‘employment rate of social integrated talent’, 5.3% of ‘the percentage of grade 7 and 9 selection of regional talent’ and 5% of ‘the percentage of women at the head of a department level’ were shown as important evaluation indicators. In addition, the ‘inclusive organizational culture’ was derived by allocating weights of 9.45% each for four areas: fairness, disclosure, cooperation and support. As above, this research constructs items of the balanced personnel index through prior research and designs detailed indexes. However, it is meaningful that surveys and others have confirmed the usefulness of the balanced personnel index, which will contribute to the achievement of balanced personnel objectives in public offices.

Structural Validity of the Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test in Individuals With Spinocerebellar Ataxia: A Rasch Analysis Study

ObjectiveTo examine the structural validity of the Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest) in individuals with spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA). DesignMethodological research on data gathered in a cross-sectional study. A Rasch analysis was conducted (partial credit model). SettingInpatients in a hospital rehabilitation setting. ParticipantsA pooled sample of patients with SCA (N=65 [total 110 data]; 23 women, 42 men; mean±SD age 63.1±9.9y). InterventionsNot applicable. Main Outcome MeasuresWe evaluated the Mini-BESTest's category structure, unidimensionality, and measurement accuracy (0: unable to perform or requiring help to 2: normal performance). ResultsThe Mini-BESTest rating scale fulfilled the category functioning criteria. The analysis of the standardized Rasch residuals showed the scale's unidimensionality, but there were 7 item pairs indicating local dependence. All of the items fit the underlying scale construct (dynamic balance), with the exception of item #1, "Sit to stand," which was an underfit. The Mini-BESTest demonstrated adequate reliability (person separation reliability=.87) and separated the patients into 5 strata. The item-difficulty measures ranged from −4.49 to 2.02 logits, and the person ability–item difficulty matching was very good (the mean of person ability=−.07 logits and the mean of item difficulty=.00). No floor or ceiling effects were detected. The keyform identified items with small (#11, "Walk with head turns, horizontal") and large (#3, "Stand on 1 leg") item thresholds. ConclusionsThe Mini-BESTest has a unidimensional balance assessment scale with good category structure and reliability even for individuals with SCA. However, it also has some inherent shortcomings such as fit statistics, local item dependencies, and item thresholds. The results obtained when the Mini-BESTest is administered to patients with cerebellar ataxia should, thus, be interpreted cautiously.

Penomena Penggunaan Gadget Terhadap Minat Belajar Anak Usia Dini 5-6 Tahun Di TK Teratai Merah Kab. Bandung

Education is the key to the development of a nation. Education is carried out through efforts to determine all the natural strengths that children have, both as humans and as members of society, to achieve the highest safety and happiness. In line with this, the educational process should also be focused on the process of developing all human potential so that we can become ourselves with superior abilities and personalities so that we can create adequate resources. The method used in writing this article is a qualitative method. Qualitative research is research that looks at the perspective of social reality, namely by seeing the world as it is, therefore a qualitative researcher must be someone with an open mind. Basically, qualitative research has two objectives, namely: first, describing and revealing and second, describing and explaining. According to Ma'Tuf in M.Hatis, a gadget is a small technological electronic device or item that has a special function, but is often associated as an innovation or new item. A gadget among the public is no longer foreign, in this advanced era it is very sophisticated because the gadgets that are made are small and have many benefits and there are positive and negative sides to the use of gadgets. The use of gadgets in young children aged 5-6 years is indeed the use of gadgets It has a big influence on children because nowadays children are more concerned with playing with gadgets than studying and some of these children's families give their children a personal gadget.

Investigation of geometric object and indoor mapping capacity of Apple iPhone 12 Pro LiDAR

LiDAR (light detection and ranging) sensors use laser beams to calculate distances in the surroundings. These sensors can be applied to a wide range of tasks, and they are frequently helpful in tasks like building 3D maps, navigating airplanes, robots, conducting mining operations, and automated driving. High-resolution distance measurements are taken by LiDAR sensors, but they also gather environmental data. This information aids in locating, identifying, and quantifying things and their surroundings. The iPhone 12 Pro, which Apple released in 2020, was evaluated for accuracy with various geometric shapes and its capacity to recognize indoor environments. Free of charge 3D Scanner and the Clirio Scan application were employed in this situation. However, it was found that the root mean square error and mean error in indoor mapping were ±1.41 cm and -0.56 cm in 3D Scanner and ±3.94 cm and -0.60 cm in the Clirio Scan application, respectively, despite the findings obtained showing low accuracy in scanning small geometric objects due to the scanning difficulty. Clirio does not reject the null hypothesis in the t-test that was conducted. The accuracy of the LiDAR sensor in indoor mapping has been shown to be more promising than that of small items. In order to evaluate the reliability and reusability of the indoor mapping application according to reference measurements, intraclass correlation test was performed and the results were determined to be reliable.

Food habits of Rufous-legged Owl in a protected area of south-central Chile affected by mixed wildfire

Abstract The diet of Rufous-legged Owl, Strix rufipes, a small raptor present in an Andean protected area, is described here. During the fall of 2017, 44 pellets were collected in the study area, being subsequently analyzed. The occurrence of small mammal prey items in pellets was compared with capture frequencies with live-trapping through Sherman traps. Regarding occurrence frequencies in the diet, arthropods were the most frequent (49.34%), followed by mammals (39.31%), birds (7.86%) and reptiles (3.37%). However, in terms of biomass, mammals had the highest biomass contribution. The observed frequency of consumed preys showed a random pattern, according to the captures of small mammals obtained with Sherman traps. The role of wildfire in the composition of prey in the observed trophic spectrum of these forest owls is also discussed.

The objective world of Soviet everydaylife in illustrated books for children of the 1950s and 1960s

The topic of Soviet everyday life is quite popular in the scientific community. The children's publications themselves are still outside the scope of research practices in the field of studying the culture of everyday life. The article analyzes the subject world in the domestic book illustration of the late 1940s-1960s. The aim is to identify markers of the everyday culture of the Soviet city, in particular Leningrad. The boundaries of the study are publications issued during the specified time period and addressed to children and adolescents. The attention was given to books about the life of a Soviet child of the Leningrad branch of Detgiz publishing house. It is established that in the children's illustrated book of the 1940s-1960s, large objects that visually defined the boundaries of everyday life, as well as elementary things for the organization of everyday life, became objects of everyday culture more often. Small interior items that have a decorative function will appear to a greater extent by the 1960s, that is, the conditions and priorities in the formation of the life of a Soviet citizen will change, and a tendency to detail the world of everyday life is formed in the book illustration. In the course of the study, a group of artists was identified who paid great attention to the depiction of everyday objects, but the illustrators did not separately show the belonging of the plot and the created space to a certain locality. They created a collective image of the everyday life of the Soviet country. Therefore, in the book illustration of the late 1940s-1960s in the subject world of Leningrad, it is not yet possible to clearly distinguish the features of the «Leningrad style», but it is possible to reconstruct the daily life of a Soviet citizen