Small Business In Russia Research Articles

Assessing regional growth of small business in Russia

Assessing regional growth of small business in Russia

Региональный аспект поддержки индивидуальной предпринимательской инициативы в рамках реализации национального проекта

Relevance. The effective development of small and medium-sized businesses contributes to the acceleration of the socio-economic development of the district, generally changing the quality of life of the population. On the example of the Orel region, the problems that commercial organizations face in the course of their activities are investigated. The paper examines the existing regional projects in the Orel region, as well as what impact they have on the regional economy and what consequences they entail. In addition, statistical data and key indicators are analyzed.It is worth noting that the digital transformation of the Russian economy in the current conditions of globalization and the emergence of new information technologies is becoming an objective necessity. Thus, the article contains the directions of digital transformation in the small business sector by promoting the national project "Small and medium-sized entrepreneurship and support for individual entrepreneurial initiative". The purpose of the study is to study a federal-scale national project, namely, consideration of the implementation of the project "Small and medium-sized entrepreneurship and support for individual entrepreneurial initiative" on the example of the Orel region. Objectives. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to consider historical references on the development of small business in Russia, the project targets and objectives, federal projects included in the national project, indicators and results of the existing programs of the national project in the Orel region and especially focus on the comparative analysis of indicators in the past period and now. Methodology. In the process of studying the issue of the implementation of the project "Small and medium-sized entrepreneurship and support for individual entrepreneurial initiative", methods of logical, statistical analysis, synthesis method, consistency and others were used. Results. Using the analysis of indicators in the past period and currently, a preliminary conclusion has been made about the effectiveness and efficiency of the measures used to support small and medium-sized businesses. Conclusions. The results of the study showed that small and medium-sized businesses need the support of the state. The national project "Small and medium-sized entrepreneurship and support for individual entrepreneurial initiative" has the status of active implementation in the Orel region.

Russian Small and Medium-Sized Businesses in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic-Federal and Regional Aspects

Russian Small and Medium-Sized Businesses in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic-Federal and Regional Aspects

МАРГЕТИНГОВЫЕ СТРАТЕГИИ И ИНСТРУМЕНТЫ ДЛЯ ВЫХОДА НА КИТАЙСКИЙ РЫНОК

The article reveals the features of the application of marketing strategies in the market of the People's Republic of China. The Chinese market is significantly different from the European, American and Russian ones, moreover, this consumer segment is least disclosed in the works of Russian authors. Despite the fact that the great Chinese firewall system imposes some restrictions on the dissemination of foreign information within China and thus restricts access to this market, there are ways and methods available to Russian businesses. Some of them are described in this article and represent a full-fledged system consisting of both trading platforms and marketing tools. The scope of application of the research results is the foreign trade of Russian small and medium-sized businesses in the Asia-Pacific region.

Formation of regional conditions for innovative development of Russian small businesses

The sustainable development of the economy depends largely on the pace of innovation introduction, which is associated with the patent activity. The dependence of the economy of a country (region) on innovation and patent activity is well shown by specialists. The organization of patenting in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is insufficiently researched. The article presents the positive dynamics of the main economic indicators of China and the factors, ensuring their implementation. To identify the available reserves in this sector of the economy of our country, the interaction of small innovative enterprises (SIE) and patent organizations of the Russian Federation has been considered. In order to determine the significant characteristics and criteria, by which the SIE chooses a patent office, a questionnaire was conducted, the results of which allow to draw a conclusion regarding the ways to intensify patent activity. The proposed version of the methodology for assessing the effectiveness of patents at the initial stage of their formation will create a basis for the interaction of the state with the SIE and the SIE with patent offices at the regional level. Further research will be dedicated to specifying the elements of assessing the quality of patents, developing a methodology for assessing the quality of work of patent offices, formalizing the assessment procedure, and testing the developed methodology.

System Analysis of Small Business: Structure Heterogeneity and Sustainability

The article provides system analysis of small business. The paper presents quantitative indicators of the development of the subjects of Russian small business contained in various statistical databases (Rosstat, Federal Tax Service), reveals the incompatibility of the data, which complicates the analysis of the considered sector of the national economy. It is concluded that the scale of development of small business is insufficient, which does not allow for the full implementation of its inherent functions. The necessity of supplementing the quantitative approach with a qualitative analysis of small business as a mesoscale system has been substantiated. The concept of heterogeneity of its structure is introduced, characterized by the presence of a triad of categories (“kids”, “genetic dwarfs”, “transformers”) and a triad of subcategories (“travelers”, “reorganizers”, “imago”) that determine the composition of “transformers”. Their system functions have been studied and it was concluded that the relationship between them, on one hand, determines the systemic stability of small business, and on the other hand, creates a “portrait” of small business in a particular state. Based on the proposed methodological principles, the specificity of the Russian small business model has been formulated, namely that the SME sector is currently not able to be the basis of a market economy, and the model itself is structurally unbalanced. Its distinguishing features include a low share of innovative oriented enterprises comprising “kids” and “dwarfs”, a significant number of small firms working in economic symbiosis with large enterprises, a relatively short life cycle of all categories of small businesses, a high share of imago and retiring due to the loss-making of small enterprises etc. The specifics of the implementation of micro-level development strategies of various categories of small enterprises is the use of credit resources of banks, increasing the stability of their functioning (including increasing their life cycle) have been considered. The necessity of a differentiated approach to the implementation of the mesoscale strategy of state support of small businesses has been substantiated. The conclusion has drawn on the importance of transforming the existing infrastructure to support Russian small business, and in particular – the importance of the role of state aid in times of crisis. Supporting measures for small enterprises in the context of the corona-virus pandemic in Russia and in foreign countries have been considered.

Influence COVID-19 on small business in Russia

Influence COVID-19 on small business in Russia

Совершенствование финансового обеспечения деятельности организаций малого бизнеса

The article discusses the theoretical foundations of financial support for the activities of small business organizations, the features of the structure and problems of the formation of financial resources in the activities of small business organizations, as well as ways to improve and develop the system of financial support for the activities of small businesses. Small business in Russia should become one of the driving forces for improving the well-being of the population, solving issues of its employment in small towns and rural areas. However, the development of small business depends on the availability and ability to attract a sufficient amount of financial resources. It is financial resources that are one of the most problematic issues for Russian small business.

Forecasting Employment In Small Businesses In Russia: The Relevance of Business Tendency Surveys

The Article Studies The Predictive Capabilities Of Qualitative Assessments Of Employment Expectations Obtained From Business Tendency Observations Of Entrepreneurial Activity, Which Are Currently A Widespread Source Of Economic Information Both In National And International Practice. The Study Is Based On Market Surveys Conducted By Rosstat, Which Characterize The Expected Level Of Business Activity In The Segment Of Small Enterprises From The 1st Quarter Of 2008 To The 2nd Quarter Of 2019. The Aim Of The Study Is To Prove The Existence Of A Stable Statistically Significant Relationship Between Predicted Estimates Of Employment With The Dynamics Of Growth Rate Cycles Of The Corresponding Quantitative Statistical Macro-Aggregates In Various Sectors And, Therefore, The Relevance Of Predictive Models Of Employment Change Based On The Results Of Business Surveys. It Is Shown That Entrepreneurial Assessments And Expectations Are Effective Predictive Indicators For Predicting Employment Dynamics In The Short Term (Two To Four Months) And Identifying Turning Points In Employment Dynamics In The Small Sector. Small Business, As One Of The Most Sensitive Segments, Is One Of The First To React To The Current Changes, Which Makes Forecasting In This Segment Especially Important.

Do Russian Small Businesses Need a New Strategy?

The article aims to summarize some interim results of the implementation of the adopted in 2015 Strategy for the development of Russian small and medium-sized businesses until 2030, as well as to determine how this strategic planning document meets new conditions, which have appeared in the Russian economy, and in particular in the small and medium-sized business sector by 2020. The authors focus on both stronger and less successful provisions of the Strategy for the development of Russian SMEs, and also consider it necessary to determine how the Strategy mentioned above “fits” into the general outline of strategic planning documents, defined by the 172nd Federal Law on strategic planning. The article analyzes the difficulties, which currently accompany the implementation of the Strategy for the development of Russian SMEs and contains assumptions about the possibility of technical implementation of target indicators for the development of the SME sector in the Russian economy, fixed in the Strategy for the development of SMEs until 2030. The attention is drawn to the role of the national project “Small and medium-sized entrepreneurship and support for individual entrepreneurial initiative”, which can be considered as a reference point and action plan for the initial period of the implementation of the Strategy for SMEs development until 2030. The article focuses on the discussion of whether the Strategy for the development of SMEs until 2030 can be considered a real “working” document of public administration, or whether this vector of socio-economic policy of the state currently needs a new strategic concept, a new goal-setting methodology, a more detailed system of institutions and tools, and the disclosure of the spatial “cross-section” of public policy devoted to the SME sector, taking into account the strengthening of the role of regional and municipal management.

Assessment of the effectiveness of state financial support of small businesses in Russia

Assessment of the effectiveness of state financial support of small businesses in Russia

Small business in Russia: prospects for the development of forms and methods of state support

Small business in Russia: prospects for the development of forms and methods of state support

LEGISLATIVE FACTORS THAT HINDER THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESSES IN PRIORITY SECTORS OF THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY

In the current conditions of the Russian economy, support for small and medium-sized businesses is an effective tool of state policy that encourages its sustainable development. However, despite the significant efforts of the authorities, the increased investment of financial resources in this area of the economy, the direct interest of all levels of government and significant public response, the development of small businesses in Russia is accompanied by great difficulties. Data on the number of registered small businesses indicate a change from the sharp rise in entrepreneurship observed in the early 1990s to stagnation by the end of the decade and sluggish current dynamics at the present time. The article analyzes the factors that do not allow sustainable development of small and medium-sized businesses in priority sectors of the Russian economy, identified on the basis of a study of Russian legislation.

Проблемы развития малого предпринимательства в условиях налоговых преобразований

The article reflects modern trends in the development of domestic small business entities – problems related to their reduction and volatility of financial indicators of activity have been identified. The authors noted the positive and negative characteristics of the modern tax environment for small businesses in Russia (paying special attention to the possibility of abolishing the special tax regime on payment of ENVD), proposed a model of optimization of the internal tax mechanism for small enterprises. The recommended model focuses on changing the activities of small firms in response to tax changes (both from an organizational and industry perspective). It is proposed to choose types of business activities that allow to minimize fiscal burden for small businesses.

The role of small business in the national economy: world experience and domestic practice

The article discusses the role of small business in Russia and abroad, also highlights the problems that affect SMEs, the situation with the coronavirus pandemic, which affected Russian entrepreneurs.

Features and Risks of Functioning of TOSER in Russia

The article considers the functioning of existing TOSER (territories of advanced socio-economic development) in the Russian regions. The authors identified a set of problems and challenges related to the peculiarities of the activities of residents of TOSER and their impact on the regional economy. The current legal framework and its accompanying mechanisms aimed at creating a favourable investment climate, as well as financial, social and demographic risks associated with the special economic status of TOSER are considered. We noted that one of the main threats to the successful functioning of TOSER is the problem of selling finished products due to the remoteness of enterprises from the economic centres of the state. The authors separately highlight the demographic and political risks associated with attracting low-skilled labour, which can lead to a decrease in the standard of living of the population of regions where there are territories of advanced socio-economic development. The paper focuses on the fact that the key residents of TOSER are representatives of Russian small and medium-sized businesses. According to the authors, most of the risks threatening the functioning of areas of advancing socio-economic development can be avoided through careful strategic planning when choosing a place to create a special territory, and by attracting foreign investors that will ensure the technological development of the means of production.

SMALL BUSINESS IN RUSSIA AS A PHENOMENON OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Conducting the analysis is very important for studying the conditions and particular qualities of development of small business in Russia. The study reveals the imbalance in the level of development of its separate brunches. Competitive characteristic for this study was produced in the structures of small business enterprises by the types of activity in Russia and foreign countries. The article represents listed determinants of external influence on the favorable environment for developing small business. For the first time was suggested the methodology for assessing the level of favorable environment, based on comprehensive approach to substantiating determinants. The reasoned ranking of categories of small business according to their future perspectives was carried out for this study. To compare the level of small business in the Russian Federation and China were consolidated the factors, that influence on the development of business. During the research was noted the lack of legislative differentiation of «ethnic business», «ethnic entrepreneurship» and «national business». The result of this problem was solved and were offered ways how to differentiate them.

SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT

The purpose of this article is to study the state of development of small and medium-sized businesses in the Russian Federation, to study their sectoral structure and territorial dispersion. The research methodology includes monographic, statistical, analytical research methods. The processes of territorial concentration of capital, people, and trade turnover have a significant impact on competitiveness and efficiency. Concentration under the influence of market laws leads to an increase in total social capital, contributes to increased competition. The main trends from 2008 to 2018 that we identified in the research process are: 1) a decrease in the size of medium-sized enterprises by 32.4%, 2) an increase in the number of small and micro enterprises — by 45%. We found that the regional dispersion of small business in Russia is heterogeneous. The largest share of small enterprises is concentrated in the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation, mainly in the city of Moscow and the Moscow Region (36%), the share of people in this district is above 30%, and the turnover of trade is the highest in the country - almost 49%. The share of investments in fixed assets is also the largest in the Central Federal District (37%).

ЦИФРОВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА МАЛОГО ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ

The article discusses the approaches of national scientists to the definition of a concept of “digital economy”. The author proposed the interpretations of the concepts of “digitalization” and “digital economy”. The author concludes that digital technologies implementation brings many advantages to the activities of small businesses. There's another conclusion that since small businesses are one of the main innovators, digitalization of their activities can become a factor increasing its efficiency. The analysis shows, the small business in Russia is currently characterized by a low level of activity in the use of digital technologies. This fact can be interpreted as a risk for development of the digital economy.

ВЛИЯНИЕ ФАКТОРОВ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННОСТИ НА ФУНКЦИОНИРОВА-НИЕ МАЛОГО БИЗНЕСА

The article examines aspects of the current economic situation of uncertainty caused by the consequences of the pandemic, and how it affected the development of small businesses in Russia, including the results of a comparative analysis of the functioning of small businesses in other countries. The factors of influence, including a special group of threat factors, are high-lighted on the basis of a specially conducted survey of Russian small enterprises, which makes it possible to more reasonably highlight priorities in the development of anti-crisis manage-ment measures, taking into account the need to implement accelerated digitalization and change business models. Due to the fact that the world is experiencing a crisis of a huge scale, for which it was not ready, and after almost a year, there are no proposals for effective recovery strategies (overcoming) local, individual crises caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, this fact confirms the conclusion about the fact that it is necessary to consider uncertainty, and not risks in the study of crisis behavior of small business.