Small Business In Russia Research Articles

Стратегирование развития малого бизнеса в Российской Федерации

At the present stage of development of the Russian economy, under conditions of increasing external and internal challenges, such as sanctions and limited access to foreign technologies, there is an increasing need for the development and implementation of strategies that promote the sustainable development of small businesses. These circumstances are of particular relevance in the context of the desire to ensure economic independence and increase the competitiveness of the national economy. In this regard, this study is aimed at identifying and systematizing the basic principles of strategic management, adapted to the operating conditions of small businesses in Russia. The authors of the article focus on the theoretical foundations of strategic management, including SWOT analysis, macro-environmental analysis and strategic planning, and their applicability to small businesses. Based on an analysis of scientific literature, monographs and practical studies, the authors identified key aspects that should be taken into account when formulating development strategies for small enterprises. The article highlights and details the main practical recommendations for increasing the sustainability and competitiveness of small businesses, including adaptation to changing external and internal conditions, as well as optimal allocation of resources and innovative development. In conclusion, it is concluded that strategic planning and management, based on in-depth and comprehensive analysis, play a key role in ensuring the long-term development of small businesses in Russia.

Источники угроз и рисков для субъектов малого предпринимательства регионов в условиях внешнеэкономических санкций

The article examines the role of small companies in stimulating the economic development of regions and their relationship with the levels of development of the market economy. The impact of foreign economic sanctions and the pandemic on the small business sector in Russia is being investigated. It describes the new challenges and trials faced by Russian small businesses after recovering from quarantine measures and the introduction of foreign economic sanctions.

Современная банковская система Китайской Народной Республики

Cooperation with banks of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as China, the PRC) becomes a crucial component for successful development of large and small business in Russia. The Chinese banking system has proven its efficiency as an important development institution of one of the world’s leading powers. This experience may be in great demand in the Russian reality. Besides, the situation in the Russian-Chinese financial and banking logistics proves relevance of using experience of the PRC in the development of the national banking system. The authors emphasize special aspects of the banking system of the PRC that characterize its levels, the system of laws that govern banking activities and the current status taking into account the development of banking relations between Russia and China against the background of escalation of Chinese-American relations, U.S. sanctions.

СОЦИАЛЬНОЕ ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВО В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

The development of social entrepreneurship is a new vector in the development of small business in Russia. Social entrepreneurship plays an important role and resolves social tensions on the territory of municipalities. For the dynamic development of this sector, support measures are being formed that stimulate the development of social entrepreneurship. The paper considers the issue of tools to support social entrepreneurship in the Russian Federation

A “historical rut” for Russia and the development of small business

The article examines the peculiarities of the attitude of the state system towards small business in Russia. The specifics of these relations are analyzed; a conclusion is made about their historical and cultural conditionality. When interacting with small businesses, these features should be taken into account, since, being stable, they influence the work of government agencies, contributing to it or hindering it.

АНАЛИЗ ВЛИЯНИЯ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ В МИРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКЕ НА КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНОСТЬ РОССИЙСКИХ СУБЪЕКТОВ МСП

In the context of globalization and accelerated development of the world economy, Russian small and medium-sized businesses face the need to adapt to constantly changing conditions. The article provides an overview of the main factors affecting the competitiveness of Russian small and medium-sized enterprises, as well as explores possible ways to improve their positions in the global economy.
 The analysis of the impact of these changes on the competitiveness of Russian small and medium-sized enterprises is an urgent task. Understanding the factors that determine the success or failure of enterprises in the market allows you to develop development strategies and make effective management decisions.

Development of Small and Medium-Sized Businesses in Certain Areas of the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation in the Context of State Support Measures and the Regions' Own Potential

The relevance. The main problem of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the Russian Federation is that government support measures are not always an incentive to development: the dominance of large businesses,the difficult economic situation and the desire for stable profits often force SME organizations to simply exist on state-provided capital in isolation from the regional economic situation. The solution to this problem forms the relevance of the chosen topic. The purpose of this study is to study the main statistical patterns of changes in the financial situation of SMEs in the regions of the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation in terms of their quantitative and qualitative development. Objectives. To achieve this goal, an analysis of official statistical data on SMEs in certain regions of the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation was carried out: their position in the general federal rating, revenue and number of employees, as well as the total number of SMEs over a five-year period. Methodology. To obtain the results of the study, general scientific methods were used: induction, deduction; statistical methods: observation, grouping, analysis of dynamics and structure. Results: the share of SMEs in the Russian economy in comparison with developed European countries is analyzed; the main problems associated with the resulting low proportion of SMEs in our country are presented; the analysis of the structure of small business in Russia by industry is carried out; a comparative analysis of the revenue indicators of SME enterprises, taking into account relevant government support measures, is also presented, the dynamics of the number of organizations in the SME sector is presented, the dynamics of economic indicators of the turnover of funds and the average number of jobs in SME organizations are reflected; the measures of state support for SMEs are considered and their effectiveness is assessed. Conclusion. State centralized financial support for small and medium-sized businesses, without any doubt, is, if not an incentive to development, then at least a guarantee of the survival of many enterprises in this business segment.

Государственная поддержка малого бизнеса: реалии современного мира в условиях выдвигаемых санкций

The relevance of the issues under consideration lies in the fact that small business is important for the country’s economy: a large number of jobs are being created here, the percentage of the working-age population is not decreasing, competition is being stimulated, which always has a positive effect on the income of the state as a whole. In this article, the authors try to consider the complexities of the production and economic activities of small businesses, which are still recovering from the crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. The aim of the study is to analyze the current state of small business in Russia in the context of sanctions imposed by un-friendly countries. This article uses comparative, logical and statistical analysis, as well as an analysis of the theoretical basis. The authors consider the main problematic issues in the small business sector, incentive measures and government support in the face of sanctions. The practical significance of the article lies in the conducted analysis based on sources, the results of which can greatly contribute to the process of implement-ing and adjusting the state policy of supporting small businesses.

TRENDS IN EXPANDING THE GEOGRAPHY OF TRADE AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITY AS THE BASIS OF TECHNOLOGICAL SOVEREIGNTY

Bringing business (products or services) to international markets reveals the potential for revenue and profit growth of companies. Statistical data confirm the fact that in modern conditions, the level of involvement in the export activities of Russian small and medium-sized businesses is insignificant. This is often due to the lack of experience and knowledge on the basics of foreign economic activity among owners and business leaders. Entrepreneurs, even successfully developing their business in the Russian market, as a rule, have little idea of the criteria for choosing a country for export, the procedure for selecting a foreign partner, the specifics of all procedures for bringing business to international markets. The Russian government is taking significant steps to support business in this direction. Today, thanks to the improvement of legislation, as well as consulting and marketing support from the state, the procedures for entering the international markets of domestic producers have been significantly simplified. Taking into account the analysis of indicators characterizing global trends in foreign trade activity, the article offers various methodological approaches to determining the geography of trade and economic activity in the conditions of the formation of Russian business.

The impact of small business on sustainable development in the Vuca- and Bani-worlds

The article is devoted to the presentation of scientific results of the author’s research and development of scenarios for the development of small business in Russia under the conditions of VUCA and BANI worlds. The authors analyze the impact of small business on the process of sustainable development. According to the results of the scientific publication it was argued that the life cycle of small business in Russia is in complex turbulent conditions resulting from the manifestation of VUCA-and BANI-factors and their multiplication as a result of overlapping each other: challenges and threats to sustainable economic development of the Russian Federation in conditions of global military and political turbulence and market fluctuations; the state policy of building a digital economy and scaling the activities of marketplaces; Chinese “soft” and “hard” power. The prospects of the scientific research are the analysis of possible effects of the established “black swans”: the collapse of the Eurozone due to the sharp increase in sovereign debts of the countries and deterioration of the financial state; the launch of the center of Islamic finance in Istanbul as a counterweight to the established world financial centers; the forcing by Russia and its allies (primarily China and India) of the processes of launching digital currencies and (or) the approval of a new single currency in contrast to the dollar and the euro.

МЕХАНИЗМ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ МАЛОГО БИЗНЕСА И ЛИЗИНГОВЫХ КОМПАНИЙ: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ

Target. Explore the mechanism of interaction and the role of leasing in the activities of small business companies at the present stage of economic development. Tasks. Determine the role of small business in the development of the Russian economy at the present stage; analyze the main restrictions in the development of small businesses in Russia; identify key trends in the development of the leasing market and analyze the mechanism of its influence on the development of small businesses. Methodology. This article, based on the use of general methods of scientific knowledge, examines trends and problems in the development of small businesses and the leasing market and their interaction in various aspects. Results. Trends and problems in the development of small businesses in the Russian Federation have been identified, strategies for the development of the Russian leasing market have been determined; the problems hindering the introduction of leasing into the practice of small business companies are summarized. Conclusions. The use of modern leasing technologies will make it possible to create effective mechanisms for their use for the sustainable economic development of small businesses, as well as significantly intensify the investment process in the Russian Federation.

ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ ИНИЦИАТИВЫ ПО ПОМОЩИ МАЛОМУ БИЗНЕСУ: ОПЫТ РОССИИ

The article is devoted to the analysis of government initiatives to support small businesses in Russia. The work examines key programs and measures implemented at the federal and regional levels aimed at stimulating development and supporting entrepreneurial activity. The focus is on analyzing the effectiveness of these initiatives, their impact on economic development and the sustainability of small businesses in various industries.

Региональная система поддержки малого предпринимательства в Приморском крае

The purpose of the article is to reveal the regional system of supporting the development of small businesses in the Primorsky Territory. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are set and solved in the article: the place and the role of small business in the modern economy have been characterized; the criteria for classifying business entities as small businesses have been identified in accordance with the current legislation; specific features of the development of Russian small business have been identified; the leading place of the Primorsky Territory among the regions of the Far-Eastern Federal District in the development of small businesses has been shown; the problems of small business development in the region have been substantiated. The author of the article reveals the system of measures used in the Primorsky Territory to support small businesses. In conclusion, it has been proved that the region has a comprehensive system of institutions for state support of entrepreneurial activity.

ТИПОЛОГИЯ МАЛОГО БИЗНЕСА В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

The article examines the characteristics of small businesses in the Russian Federation from the point of view of various aspects: formal legal, economic, as well as tax and special statuses, the presence of which provides access to certain measures of state support. The terminological aspect in relation to the concepts of small business and small entrepreneurship is analyzed. A typology of Russian small businesses according to selected groups of criteria is proposed in order to form a clear set of criteria for comparing this sector of the economy with small businesses in other countries, as well as for a clearer understanding of the system of providing benefits and support from the state to small businesses.

Trends in the Development of Small Business in Russia and the Baikal Region in 2017–2023

The purpose of the article is to consider modern, mainly quantitative, trends in the development of small business in two subjects of the Baikal region — the Republic of Buryatia and the Irkutsk region. At the same time, the current trends are compared with the all-Russian trends and key indicators that traditionally characterize the state of small business in developed countries, and with the target indicators of the Strategy for the Development of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030. As a result of the analysis of a number of absolute and relative indicators, conclusions are drawn about a rather specific modern picture of small business development in the regions under consideration against the background of such all-Russian trends as an increase in the number of small and microenterprises with a reduction in the number of employees employed in them, a decrease in the proportion of the number of employees of small enterprises in the total number of employed and an almost unchanged value of the contribution indicator small business in Russia's GDP. It can be seen that while maintaining such dynamics, it is impossible to achieve the target targets of the Strategy. At the same time, since its development, a significant number of negative external factors have appeared that affect the development of business, including small ones, which have caused the emergence of problems of a new nature. Consequently, we should not talk about the inefficiency of the measures taken by the state and other support for small businesses, but rather about the insufficiency of these measures and their untimely actualization within the framework of the impact of newly emerging negative environmental factors.

Taxation of small business entities in the context of National Development Goals implementation

Subject. This article discusses the issues related to taxation in Russia, its special regimes and tax potential. Objectives. The article aims to analyze special tax regimes, formulate a definition of this concept, and develop a methodology for assessing the tax potential. Methods. For the study, I used the general scientific methods. A synergistic dualism method created on the basis of existing methods of tax potential assessing, was also applied. Results. The article highlights the main features, advantages and disadvantages of the special tax regime, describes approaches to taxation of small business, and reveals the concept of the tax potential of the territory. The article presents a model of Russia's tax potential and formulas for calculating the volume of tax revenues at the expense of natural, material and financial resources. The results of the analysis of the tax potential of small business in Russia from 2006 to 2021 are presented as well. Conclusions. The proposed measures to increase the taxable capacity of the area will be useful for federal projects.

Government changes in the fisheries business landscape and assessment of their consequences for small and medium-sized businesses

The article analyzes trends in changes in the fisheries business landscape within the framework of the ongoing state policy of supporting entrepreneurship; the author's approach to revealing the content of the concept of «business landscape» in relation to modern conditions for the development of Russian entrepreneurship is formulated; The main stages of the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the modern history of Russia are systematized according to the criteria of its actual state, trends and problems. The author has examined the effectiveness of government decisions in recent years on the development of aquatic biological resources in the Far Eastern basin and identified the formation of negative changes in the Russian business landscape over the past ten years, and especially in the context of sanctions restrictions on the development of the national economy. Based on a generalization of the results of foreign and domestic research, the article proposes the author’s definition of the economic category «business landscape», which is important for management purposes, and assesses the level of participation of Russian small and medium-sized businesses in the formation of gross domestic product in comparison with developed countries. Taking into account his own long-term practice of participating in the organization of management of business structures, the author proposed a staged development of entrepreneurship in Russia over the past 30-year period; Negative changes in the business landscape are outlined using the example of fishing activities in the Far Eastern basin, establishing the imperfections of government decisions taken in recent years to increase the tax burden and complicate the procedure for obtaining fishing quotas and environmental permits for fishing entrepreneurship. The results obtained in the course of the study allow us to consider the transition to a new paradigm of state management of the development processes of the Russian fishery business landscape in the interests of all levels of entrepreneurship and the national consumer market to be considered legitimate and appropriate.

Externalities of the sanction pressure policy and its consequences for the Russian small and medium business development

Objective: to analyze the impact of the externalities of the sanctions pressure policy on small and medium-sized enterprises and to develop specific proposals that allow them to adapt to the conditions of uncertainty.Methods: general scientific methods of systemic, structural and comparative analysis, as well as specific scientific methods (static and graphical analysis, expert assessments).Results: the analysis was carried out of the externalities of the sanctions pressure policy, which significantly affected the activities of the Russian small and medium-sized enterprises. Among the key factors studied are the disruption of logistics chains, reduction of the customer base, restrictions on monetary transactions, blocking of digital platforms, etc. The special role of this sector in eliminating the imbalances of the country’s economy in a difficult geopolitical situation and economic instability is outlined. It is proposed to investigate ways of adapting small businesses to new economic conditions, taking into account the systematic classification of enterprises in the SME sector. The forecast trends in the development of small and medium-sized firms for the near future are formulated. Based on the analysis of externalities, the author suggests measures to increase the adaptability of enterprises in the studied segment of the economy, which can be used by both representatives of the business community and government agencies.Scientific novelty: the division of firms into three categories (“kids”, “genetic dwarfs”, “transformers”) and three subgroups (“travelers”, “reorganizers”, “imago”) is proposed; their key functions and ways of adaptation characteristic of each category of enterprises are identified, which made it possible to develop recommendations on improving the adaptability of small and medium-sized enterprises, taking into account their characteristics.Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used in the educational process of educational institutions; in scientifi activities for the development of academic competencies on the functioning of small and medium-sized enterprises; in the work of organizations that make up the infrastructure for the development and support of SMEs; they also contribute to the study of ways and strategies for the entrepreneurship adaptation under exogenous shocks.

Развитие цифрового сегмента российского предпринимательства в условиях пандемии

Digitalization has become inevitable as the demand for digital services increases. The purpose of the article is to study the development dynamics of Russian digital segment during and after the pandemic and to predict the vector of its long-term development. The authors provide evidence of dualism: on one hand, the pandemic led to new restrictions in the development of entrepreneurial activity; on the other hand, the change in demand and the high adaptability of business structures made it possible to expand the digital segment of Russian small and medium-sized businesses. The authors use methods of systematization, comparison, economic analysis, graphical method and systematic approach. The development of the Russian digital entrepreneurship sector in the context of digitalization of internal business processes, consumer communication processes, and external relations is analyzed. The authors conclude that digital technologies have high potential for the development of Russian small and medium-sized businesses and provide recommendations on the implementation of state policy measures aimed at optimizing the development of digital entrepreneurship in Russia.

Sustainable development: opportunities for small and medium-sized businesses in Russia

The article examines the possibilities of sustainable development for Russian small and medium-sized businesses in the context of global economic uncertainty. New niches available for small and medium-sized businesses are analyzed, the impact of the concept of sustainable development on companies and the advantages of introducing its elements into activities are also considered.