Small Business Applications Research Articles

Linear Congruential Pseudorandom Numbered Hybrid Crypto-System with Genetic Algorithms

While using networks that may be in any form more and more problems related to securityrises within the network as well as outside the network. To resolve the security problems network security is the science that facilitatesto safeguard the resources and the quality of the network and data. At different workstations filters and firewalls are used in protecting the resources. But while the data is in transmission security services are needed to protect. These services are to be altered frequently to prevent from attacks. In developing such system, this work uses linear congruential pseudorandom number with multiple genetic algorithms. In small business applications these types of hybrid systems can be used to prevent from hackers.

Pseudorandom Numbered Hybrid Crypto Algorithm with Two Bit Crossover and Boundary Mutation

In spite of all the advantages while using networks in any form, there are large numbers of possible security issues that are rising with networking. To sort the security issues network security is the action that is intended to safe guard the resources and integrity of network and data. At work stations there are filters, firewall to protect. But while data in transmission security services are needed and frequent change in methods are to be developed to counter threats. In this work different methods like pseudorandom generation and multiple genetic algorithms are used that resembles quite different in nature. This proposed hybrid algorithm can be used in small business applications where they are frequently hacked. Small organizations that cannot afford to build a strong security system can use such hybrid systems.

Image Steganography Built on Pixel Value Difference in Spatial Domain using Range Table

With the increase of digital transactions, providing security for the network and its devices is a big challenge today. Sensitive information that has more value in the network is to be protected from unauthorized users in accessing it. Various algorithms are being developed to provide security services for the data. In this paper security is provided by using pixel value differencing technique. Valuable data is embedded in each of the component of color like red, blue and green of a pixel in a color image. In addition to that in providing additional security pixel value has been updated conditionally, that would be more complex to trace the incremented or decremented bits in a pixel of the stegoimage. From this experiment the proposed method provides better visual quality of stego image. This proposed algorithm is suitable for small business applications where small size data is important and threats are more common.

Solar Powered Refrigeration System with Cold Bank

The Storage and transportation of some goods such as vaccines, foods and other items requires cold storage. Today most of refrigerators at off-grid areas run on generators and batteries. In this context, solar refrigerator without use of battery is promising option to solve the problems. This paper describes experimental investigation of solar powered battery-free refrigerator, with use of cold thermal bank, to provide cooling at night. The refrigerator system is designed for a capacity of 150 liter. The supply of electricity to run AC compressor is provided by solar panels through the inverter. In addition to this, provision is made to work at night, by use cold thermal storage bank which provides cooling effect at night and maintains temperature by preventing thermal fluctuation caused by intermittence supply of electricity by PV panel. The solution of propylene glycol with water of 20:80 by volume is used as thermal reservoir. When the refrigerator is powered by PV panels, the solution takes 3½ hour to reach to reach -100 C with full load condition. The aqueous solution of 10 Liters can provide cooling for almost 17 hours with full load condition without running refrigerator. For domestic and small business applications, this type of solar refrigerator can be used .It can be ideal solution to store vaccines or food, which requires low temperature during transportation

Syngas production from oxidative methane reforming and CO cleaning with water gas shift reaction

Fuel cell based heat and power cogeneration is considered to be well qualified for a distributed energy system for residential and small business applications. A fuel processing unit including an oxidative steam methane reformer, a high temperature shift reactor and a low temperature shift reactor is under development in South China University of Technology. Performance of the unit is experimentally investigated in a bench-scale experimental setup. Processor performance under typical operating conditions is tested. The influence of reaction temperature, methane space velocity in the oxidative steam methane reformer, and air to carbon molar ratio on unit performances is experimentally studied. It is found that under the typical operating conditions, the total energy efficiency reaches 88.3%. The efficiency can further be improved by utilizing the sensible heat of the reformate gas. The current study has been focused on the chemical performances such as methane conversion of the reformer and CO concentration in the synthesis gas downstream water gas shift reactors. Heat integration of the unit will be further implemented in future to improve energy efficiency.

Smart Data Server for Smart Shops

The Now a day internet plays a very major role in business processes. The internet acts as the kind of the bonding between the customers and an organization (probably business), the customer can obtain the information of his desire by making the single click on organization's website. But, the major infrastructure to carry out this process demands the design, maintenance, hosting of website from the organization side, and it also demands the access to the internet from the customer side (in order to access the internet customer must have to have either personnel computer or any smart phone), but unfortunately we cannot find all the customers with above all mentioned requirements. Therefore, this paper focuses on the issue of building the portable smart data server for small scale business applications. This proposed concept in this paper eliminates the need of internet, hosting, website maintenance, and costly hardware from organization side. And it also eliminates the need of personnel computer, or internet enabled smart mobile phone from customer side. Thus the concept proposed in this paper provides the economic, efficient, smart data server for smart shops. To implement this proposed concept the cost involved will be too less, the only requirement is one smart mobile phone (here we used android mobile phone). The prototype has been demonstrated using the android smart mobile phone; this can further be extended to any available smart mobile phones in market.

An Integrated Embedded System for Evaluating Performance Parameters of CMOS Image Sensor

This paper introduces a CMOS-image-sensor-performance evaluation system that can compute parameters including pixelwise dynamic range, dynamic linearity, signal-to-noise ratio, and chip-level dynamic uniformity with a single measurement. The proposed system offers a simpler and significantly more integrated approach than the available systems by employing an embedded processing system and a large-data-processing method with multithreading capability. This paper also presents a new optimization technique to overcome the memory-size limitations of embedded systems for larger data-processing applications. The proposed system is designed and implemented to target small business applications and laboratories conducting research on CMOS quality sensors.

Web 2.0 Small Business Applications and Opportunities

‘Internet Review’ provides critical commentary on entrepreneurship, small business and innovation information on the Web.

Growing Pains for NIH Grant Review

The grant review system at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the main mechanism by which NIH identifies research worthy of support, has been through a major overhaul. Scientists who spearheaded the change say it is time to assess how the new system is working.

Credit-scoring models for the evaluation of small-business loan applications

Credit-scoring models for the evaluation of small-business loan applications

Decision-making in small businesses

Is OR relevant in the small business sector? There are hardly any small business applications reported in the OR literature or at conferences. Yet small businesses would appear a very suitable field for the use of well-established models for stock control, distribution, production planning, and so on. There is often a single decision-maker; business systems are relatively simple; and the data is on-site and not complex. This article looks at how managers in selected small businesses make operational and strategic decisions. The focus is on areas in which traditional OR models might be applicable. The possible future role of OR in this sector is discussed.

The adoption and social impacts of information technology in U.S. agriculture

Abstract By 1986 (a decade after their invention) microprocessors had diffused to about 18 percent of all U.S. households and 6 percent of U.S. farmers. In addition to general consumer uses, farm households in the United States utilize microcomputers for such small business applications as record keeping, word‐processing, payroll handling, etc. A special application of microprocessor technology occurred in 1980–1981 when 200 Kentucky farmers participated in a trial of the Green Thumb Box, a video‐text system providing market, weather, and technological information. The nature of the information needs of U.S. farm people seems to fit well with the new information technologies built around the microprocessor, although little of this potential has yet been realized. Since that experiment, videotex has shown itself to have doubtful value as a channel for the distribution of agricultural information, leaving open the question of what might be the best technological vehicle for this audience. Research is needed...

A Layman's Guide to Personal Computing

Today an estimated 500,000 personal computers have been purchased by Americans who use them at home and in a variety of small business applications. (Note: We define a personal computer as a small, relatively inexpensive, microprocessor‐based device which can be taken out of its box, plugged in and begin working immediately, as opposed to large computers which must be permanently installed, and/or require professional programming. We exclude microprocessor‐based devices whose only function is limited to the playback of packaged games.) Many market research services believe that personal computer sales will continue to grow rapidly, perhaps as fast as a 50 percent annual growth rate for the next several years. The impact of this new interactive information technology coming into the possession of perhaps millions of people can only be guessed at at this early juncture. To us, as librarians, one of the more perceivable results of the growing wave of interest in personal computers has been the proliferation of literature addressed to the personal computer user.

Cover Story

A new range of desk‐top microcomputers with both hardware and software specifically designed for a full range of small business applications is announced by Olympia Business Machines Co Ltd. Main features of the new microcomputers are their 64K central RAM memory and their external disk storage capacity — ranging to over 5 megabytes. Standard software programs are fully integrated and can be “personalised”; and there is the facility to communicate with main frame computers and other computer systems. All systems have been designed so that they are simple to understand and operate, especially for first time users.

Personal computing: Home, professional, and small business applications (McGlynn, D. R.)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook and Media Revie...Book and Media ReviewNEXTPersonal computing: Home, professional, and small business applications (McGlynn, D. R.)John W. Moore Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 10, A298Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1980Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 October 1980Published inissue 1 October 1980https://doi.org/10.1021/ed057pA298.1RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views77Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

An experimental multi-processor architecture for small business applications

Outlines the design of an experimental multi-processor system intended for such small business applications. Its architecture is highly modular, both in hardware and software, permitting microprocessors to realize this expanding capability. In the simplest configuration, the CPU comprises a master and a single slave microprocessor. As the demand on the computer increases, additional slaves can be added until, in the limit, the master functions primarily as the system scheduler. The organization and control of both the hardware and software is presented. The methods used for bus sharing, microprocessor interlacing, and timing are discussed, as well as the techniques used to achieve high speed interrupt response needed to control point of sale terminals, perpetual inventory, and other real time operations. The structure of the system executive, and the mechanism used to allocate system resources and control the execution and interaction of parallel system tasks is described in detail.