Slab Joints Research Articles

Cell scientist to watch – Virginie Hamel

ABSTRACT Virginie Hamel is a co-Group Leader and Senior Lecturer in the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology at the University of Geneva (UNIGE) in Switzerland. She completed her PhD with Iain Mattaj at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) in Heidelberg, Germany, studying nuclear envelope re-assembly. To gain experience with bioimaging, she joined Pierre Gönczy's laboratory at the Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC) in Lausanne as a postdoc and later became a Staff Scientist. There, she began researching centriole assembly, combining biochemical approaches and super-resolution microscopy with expertise in structural biology from her partner in the lab and in life, Paul Guichard. In 2015, Virginie and Paul started their joint Centriolar Architecture lab at UNIGE, focusing on the structural cell biology of centrioles. Their development of advanced expansion microscopy (ExM) methods has helped unravel the roles of centriolar proteins in human disease and visualise cytoskeletal organisation in diverse eukaryotic cells. For our Special Issue on Imaging Cell Architecture and Dynamics, we spoke with Virginie over Zoom about her career, the benefits of running a joint lab with her partner, and the exciting advances being made with techniques like ExM.

Improved GAN-based deep learning approach for strain field prediction and failure analysis of precast bridge slab joints

Nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) is crucial for understanding complex stress-strain behaviors and assessing potential structural failure risks. Building on the recent success of deep learning (DL) methods in physical field predictions, there has been growing interest in forecasting internal force fields of structures beyond the existing data scope. In this study, a data-driven strain field analysis model based on an improved Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) is proposed. To enrich the input data, this novel approach incorporates the Signed Distance Field (SDF) derived from the characteristics of the original Finite Element (FE) models. The generator, based on U-Net, is enhanced with channel attention mechanisms and loss penalty terms, forming the core of the improved GAN. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated using two parallel datasets comprising 3-Headed bar tension models across two planes. Subsequently, the generated strain field is subjected to feature extraction using the 2D-Principal Component Analysis (2D-PCA) method, followed by structural failure determination through the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithm. The results indicate that the proposed improved approach achieves a significant reduction in Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 20.71 % and 13.21 % across the two datasets, with the structural failure determination method reaching an F1-score of 0.971. Thus, the intelligent strain field analysis method introduced here effectively predicts strain distributions and promptly identifies failure states, offering valuable insights for further numerical analysis and structural design.

Behavior of steel-plate concrete wall-reinforced concrete slab joint with UHPC-strengthened lap-splice connection

The comprehensive integration of modular technology is the crucial pathway for advancing the upgraded Hua-long Pressurized Reactor (HPR1000). However, previous studies are limited and numerous challenges remain concerning the modular curved steel-plate concrete (SC) wall-reinforced concrete (RC) slab joint. This paper focuses on the behavior and design of the SC wall-RC slab joint through large-scale tests and numerical simulation. Two UHPC-strengthened non-contact lap splice (NS) connections, including versions with normal and headed rebars, were proposed to ensure effective load transfer and modular construction performance. The test results indicated that the four joint specimens subjected to cyclic loading did not experience lap splice failure but instead suffered interface shear failure and shear failure of the RC slab under shear-span ratios of 1.5 and 3.0, respectively. The excellent load transfer performance demonstrated by these two NS connections validates them as effective methods for this joint, with lap lengths of 21d for normal rebar and 13d for headed rebar deemed adequate. Besides, the developed three-dimensional FE model with non-linear spring element accurately simulated the test failure modes and F-Δ curves. The parametric study results recommended that the volumetric steel ratio of tie-bar should not be lower than 1.03 %. The tension of longitudinal rebars for normal and headed rebars can be fully transferred within 80 % of the designed lap length. Furthermore, a complete design method was established based on the load-transfer model, encompassing interfacial shear, lap length calculation and tie-bar configuration, and is applicable to SC-to-RC connections or joints.

Experimental and numerical study on seismic behaviors of SRC column-RC slab joints in NPP

This paper presents an innovative design of a steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) column-reinforced concrete (RC) slab joint based on a concept of the strong column and weak slab. In this study, two 1:2 reduced scale SRC column-RC slab joint specimens are designed and fabricated for horizontal cyclic loading tests based on side slab-column joints of an auxiliary plant of a nuclear power plant. In order to ensure the ease of construction and stability of the connection between the reinforcement and the section steel, one structure (SR-2) with steel sleeves welded to the section steel and connected to the reinforcement in the joint area and the other structure (SR-1) with a stiffened steel plate (SSP) in the connection area on the basis of SR-2 were fabricated and tested in order to investigate the structural strengthening the joint. Based on the test results, the damage modes, hysteresis performance, energy dissipation capacity and stiffness degradation of the specimens were studied. A finite element analysis (FEA) model was developed and verified with the experimental results. The verified FEA model was used for parametrical study on effects of thickness, outer dimensions of SSP, a longitudinal reinforcement ratio in the RC slab and an axial pressure ratio. The test results show that the damage mode of specimens is shear failure at the RC slab and the damage of the SRC column is minor, which is in line with the design concept of the strong column and weak slab. The parametric study shows that increasing the thickness and outer size of SSP can improve the load-bearing capacity and initial stiffness of joints.

Finite element data-driven deep learning-based tensile failure analysis of precast bridge slab joint

The joint is a critical component that facilitates force transmission across precast bridge slabs while maintaining structural integrity. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is commonly used to examine the mechanical properties and load-bearing capacity of joints with different configurations. However, the repetitive process of “modeling-meshing-computing” consumes substantial manpower, time, and expertise. This study proposes an approach consisting of three key steps: (1) predicting strain distributions, (2) determining failure modes, and (3) analyzing interpretability of predicted results. Specifically, DeepLabv3+ is used to map the Finite Element (FE) model to strain distributions. A binary classification model based on VGG-16 predicts the failure state of the specimen. Interpretability analysis, using Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM), provides insights into the neural network’s decision-making process. The optimized models achieve a Mean Intersection over Union (MIoU) of 0.5691 for strain distribution prediction on the cross-sectional surface and 0.6424 on the front surface. The failure detection model achieves an F1 score of 0.992 in determining failure states. The interpretability results align well with fracture mechanics theory, enhancing confidence in the model’s predictions. This method serves as a surrogate to reduce the workload of finite element analyses, facilitating strain analysis and failure detection.

A new proton injector based on PKU-type 2.45GHz PMECR ion source for BNCT facility

A first fully domestically Accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy demonstration device(AB-BNCT) located in Yangtze River Delta region is being build recently. The project is held by “Xi’an Jiaotong University-Huzhou Neutron Science Laboratory” joint lab established by Xi’an Jiaotong University and Huzhou Industrial Group. The AB-BNCT facility requires a proton beam of 30 mA@40 keV at RFQ entrance, with its beam duty cycle between 0.5%-100%, and its normalized root mean square emittance less than 0.2 π.mm.mrad. Ion source group of Peking University (PKU) is in charge of the proton ion source and its low energy beam transportation section (LEBT). A PKU type compact permanent magnet 2.45 GHz ECR ion source (PKU-Type PMECR) and a two solenoid LEBT is under development for this purpose. So far, the PMECR ion source conditioning is complete and all parameters are better than required for this facility. The details will be presented in the present paper.

Effect of steel fiber orientation on punching shear resistance of steel fiber reinforced cementitious composites round slabs

The slab-column structure is commonly used in civil engineering. At the slab-column joints, the load from the slab is transmitted to the column. In the extreme state, punching shear failure may occur at the joints, and the failure is brittle without warning. When the punching shear failure occurs at the joint of round slab and column, usually the cracking is a conical shape because the direction of tensile stress caused by punching shear is generally radial. By incorporating steel fibers into cementitious composites round slabs, the steel fibers can bridge the conical surface, and therefore enhance the punching shear resistance of round slabs. If the steel fibers in the round slab are dispersed in the direction conducive to the punching shear resistance, the steel fibers can take full effect of strengthening and toughening, thus improving the punching shear resistance of the slab. So, the purpose of this investigation is to improve the punching shear resistance of steel fiber reinforced cementitious composite slabs by maximizing the reinforcement of steel fibers on the composites. Firstly, a model of punching shear resistance of steel fiber reinforced cementitious composite round slabs was derived based on the Modified Compression Field Theory with consideration of the orientation of steel fibers. According to the model, the slab with radial distribution of steel fibers around the punching shear area shows the highest punching shear resistance. Secondly, the approach of radially aligning steel fibers in the slab around the punching area by magnetic driving is proposed using a self-developed magnetic device. And, radially dispersed steel fiber reinforced cementitious composites (JD-SFRC) round slabs were prepared. Thirdly, the punching shear resistance of JD-SFRC round slabs, as well as unidirectionally aligned (1D), two-dimensionally aligned (2D), and randomly distributed (RD) steel fiber reinforced cementitious composites round slabs were tested. At last, the effect of the orientation of steel fibers on the punching shear resistance and failure characteristics of the round slabs were analyzed by comparing the results from tests and the model. Meanwhile, the effect of the volume fraction of steel fibers on the punching shear resistance of the slab was examined. The results show that, When the volume fraction of steel fiber is 1.0 %, compared with RD-SFRC round slabs, the ultimate shear resistance of 1D-SFRC, 2D-SFRC and JD-SFRC round slabs is increased by 14 %, 15 %, and 24 %, respectively.

Study on the Tensile and Shear Performances of Fully Precast Partially Composite Floor Slab Joints

This study explored the tensile and shear characteristics of fully prefabricated partially composite floor slab joints through the design and testing of two tensile specimens, three steel–concrete specimens, and three concrete–concrete shear specimens. These tests aimed to evaluate how various connection designs influence the joints’ load-bearing capabilities and failure patterns. The findings revealed that the tensile specimens predominantly showed bond failures at the interface of the precast and cast-in-place layers, accompanied by rebar pull-out. Incorporating reinforcing bars or sleeves was found to potentially increase their ultimate load-bearing capacity by about 20%. The shear failures in the steel–concrete specimens were primarily due to interactions between the steel beam and adjacent composite slab, whereas the concrete–concrete specimens mostly underwent local crushing at the load application point and failure at the bonding interface. These observations affirmed the accuracy of the existing methods for calculating tensile and shear strengths, offering vital insights for the architectural design and construction of such floor joints.

Vibration behavior of innovative discretely connected precast concrete sandwich floors

This paper investigates the vertical vibration behavior of an innovative discretely connected precast concrete sandwich floor (DCPCF) in orthogonal slab laying direction (OSLD). An experimental program included the full-scale tests of seven DCPCF specimens and two cast-in-situ floor (CISF) specimens was conducted. In order to evaluate the vertical vibration behavior of the DCPCF, the parameters considered the number of slabs, the number of connectors, the position of slab joints and loading condition were studied according to the vibration mode, fundamental frequency, damping ratio and acceleration response. The test results indicated that the first two vibration modes of DCPCF specimens and CISF specimens were basically the same. The fundamental frequency of the DCPCF was negatively correlated with the number of slab joints and overlying loads, and positively correlated with the number of connectors and the distance of slab joints to the mid-span. The damping ratio of the DCPCF decreased with the decrease of the number of slab joints, the increase of the number of connectors and the distance of slab joints to the mid-span. The vibration response of DCPCF specimens was slightly larger than those of CISF specimens under the same excitation. The peak acceleration increased with the increase of the loading frequency and the number of pedestrians. The closer the loading distribution was to the mid-span, the greater the peak acceleration would be. Based on the vertical vibration theory of elastic thin slab, the calculation methods for predicting the first mode natural frequency and peak acceleration of the DCPCF in OSLD were proposed. The calculated results obtained by the proposed formula showed good agreement with the experiment results.

Measurement and modelling of the moisture distribution in early-age concrete in the joint of composite beam and hollow core slab

The building moisture in concrete can damage the surface material if applied too early before the excess moisture has dried out. The composite beam forms an abnormal structure at the joint of the hollow-core slab, in which the thickness of the structural concrete is almost the thickness of the entire slab. For this reason, the joint of the beam and hollow core slab must be taken into account when assessing the adequate drying of concrete structures. The considered composite beams are steel casing beams, which are casted full of concrete. To achieve a composite structure, there are holes in the sides of the casing, through which moisture from the concrete transfers to the surrounding structure. However, the drying of the concrete inside the beam is significantly limited. The level of relative humidity of the concrete inside the beam remains moderately high for a long time, depending on the quality of the concrete and, consequently, the self-desiccation of the concrete. When using concrete with a low water binder ratio, drying occurs at a level of about 85%RH as a result of self-desiccation. In the study, relative humidity in the joint was measured continuously and with instantaneous measurements. The relative humidity in the joint concrete was also monitored after the surface structure layers were installed. In addition, humidity was measured from below the surface material and continued until equilibrium was reached. The structure was simulated as a 3D model and studied using a concrete material model which takes into account the self-desiccation and the thermal dependence of the sorption. A good agreement was found to describe the effect of temperature changes on the relative humidity of concrete that can be observed in continuous measurement. In addition, a suitable prediction of relative humidity below the surface material can be achieved based on modelled relative humidity distribution before the installation of the surface structure.

Shaking table test and numerical simulation of a precast frame-shear wall structure with innovative untopped precast concrete floors

An innovative discretely connected precast concrete floor (DCPCF) was presented, in which the adjacent precast concrete hollow or sandwich flat slabs were connected by mechanical connectors embedded in the precast concrete slabs and beams. This paper summarized the seismic performance observed during the shaking table test of a precast frame-shear wall structure adopting DCPCF. A 1/4-scale model of a 4-storey 2-bay single-span frame-shear wall structure was designed and tested on the shaking table to evaluate the dynamic characteristics and seismic responses of building structures adopting DCPCF. In addition, a finite element model, including detailed modeling of beam-column joint and slab joint connections, was established using nonlinear dynamic modeling program. The predictions on the seismic performance using the finite element model agreed well with the test results for the designed frame-shear wall structure. The precast concrete frame-shear wall structure adopting DCPCF had satisfactory seismic performance during the test process. The in-plane deformation of DCPCF was observed under the horizontal earthquakes, and DCPCF could not satisfy the requirements of rigid diaphragm assumption in most cases under design basis seismic intensity. The seismic design method based on semi-rigid floor diaphragm had large error and safety risk in calculating the seismic shear force of building structure adopting DCPCF. Additionally, design suggestions for multi-storey and high-rise building structures using DCPCF were proposed based on the observed seismic responses.

Effects of UHPC shear key on strengthening shear performances of wet joint in prefabricated composite beams

Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) has excellent mechanical properties, which could be used in the connecting region between different prefabricated members to improve the continuity and integrity of prefabricated composite structures. In this paper, a novel kind of wet joint with UHPC shear key was proposed to connect different prefabricated components for assembled steel–concrete composite beams, and the effects of different parameters for UHPC shear key on strengthening shear performances of wet joints were evaluated via a series of push-out tests. Results indicated that the specimens with wet joints mainly failed and slipped in the precast and post-cast concrete interface under the longitudinal force. The application of the UHPC shear key could significantly increase the ultimate shear strength of the interface compared to the single layer of extended reinforcements, and the UHPC shear key with embedded short reinforcements could further improve the shear resistance and ductility to ensure the composite action between the precast slab and wet joint. Compared with the dual layers of extended reinforcements, the combination of the UHPC shear key and short straight steel bar presented a better performance in strength under a relatively lower slip level. In addition, the increase in width was helpful for enhancing the shear strength of the UHPC shear key, but the shear keys with the larger width might cause the failure of the precast part between two UHPC shear keys prior to the UHPC shear keys so limiting the strength development of interface, thus the reasonable design size of the shear key should be selected depending on the precast and post-cast concrete strength. Furthermore, an equation for the wet joint with UHPC shear key was proposed, which considered the proportion of effects of different factors such as the interface bonding strength, interface friction, extended reinforcement, negative bending moment, UHPC shear key and embedded short straight steel bar on the longitudinal shear behavior of UHPC wet joints.

Design-oriented method for concrete pavements with volumetric stability admixtures: An integrated experimental and analytical approach

The high-performance demands on industrial floors, both in terms of larger slab dimensions and increased durability under harsh operating conditions, have led to the growing use of expansive admixtures. These generate a controlled expansive reaction within the concrete and compensate the early-age shrinkage. Despite their increasing use, calculation methods that permit to consider the expansive agents during the pavement design phase with a certain level of reliability are still unexistent. This study presents a straightforward cross-sectional model to assess both the stress-strain state and joint-opening of concrete pavements with volumetric stability admixtures by considering the slab dimensions, concrete composition, exposure conditions, and base friction characteristics. For that, a novel experimental device is designed and implemented in this work to characterize the dimensional variations associated with expansive agents since casting. A Type-G commercial volumetric stability admixture is considered as the expansive admixture. A full-scale validation of the proposed model is performed on a jointless concrete panel constructed by RCR Industrial Flooring in Spain. This validation proves the feasibility of the combined approach of laboratory calibration of the expansive addition and the cross-sectional model presented to accurately estimate both the slab deformations and joint opening developed over the 77-day test period.

Using Short Ultra-High Performance Concrete Link Slab as an Alternative to Steel Dowel Bars in Rigid Pavements

To prevent problems from occurring at the joint region in bridge construction, link slab was introduced to hide the apparent expansion joint and retain its function. This research describes experimental tests that investigate the use of an ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), for its high sustainability properties, as a short link slab instead of apparent expansion joints and their respective steel dowels in joint plain concrete pavement (JPCP) while maintaining the expansion joint’s proper function. Similar to dowelled joints, the proposed joint distributes load between adjoining slabs while allowing for contraction and expansion of the pavement due to temperature and moisture variations. Modified cantilever tests were conducted on JPCP slab segments with regular dowelled joints and UHPC link slab joints to investigate the load-deflection response and load transfer of both joints and make comparison. The experimental results showed that UHPC link slab specimens exhibited less deflection at the face of the joint and less relative deflection between the adjoining slabs than steel dowel bar specimens. The test outcomes also showed that joint width did not have a noticeable influence on the load-deflection behavior of the UHPC link slab specimens, but it obviously affected the dowelled joints. Also, UHPC link slab specimens showed an improvement in ultimate load capacity by 23.33% and 11% compared with dowelled joints. Furthermore, the UHPC link slab joints exhibited a better load transfer between slab segments than the dowelled joints. It was concluded that even a short link slab can be superior to standard dowelled joints

Shaking table test and numerical analysis of an innovative precast reinforced concrete building structure

This paper presents an innovative precast concrete (PC) building structure consisted of discretely connected PC floors (DCPCF) and PC frames with dry beam-column connections. A 1/4-scale model of a 4-story 2-bay single-span frame structure was designed and tested on the shaking table under the designed seismic excitation to evaluate the dynamic characteristics and seismic responses of the innovative building structure. In the whole process of loading, beam-plate joints and slab joints can reliably transfer loads without obvious damage, making the innovative PC building structure has good seismic performance, and all indicators meet the requirements of GB 50011-2010. In addition, a finite element model (FEM) was established using nonlinear dynamic modeling program and was calibrated by test results. Here we compare the innovative PC building structure seismic response with the cast-in-situ structure by numerical simulation method, and the diaphragm performance and rigidity characteristics of the DCPCF in orthogonal slab laying (OSL) direction were analyzed, Additionally, design suggestions of the innovative PC building structure were proposed.

Experimental study and numerical simulation on the transverse force transmission mechanism of discretely connected precast RC floor

An innovative discretely connected precast RC floor (DCPCF) is presented, in which precast flat slabs (solid slab, sandwich slab or hollow slab) and spandrel beams (walls) are the basic components that connected by distributed mechanical connectors. The experimental program consisting six full-scaled DCPCF specimens and two cast-in-situ slab (CIS) specimens were conducted to evaluate the influence of slab joint structure on force transmission mechanism of DCPCF in orthogonal slab laying direction (OSLD), which in terms of the failure mode, deflection, strain development, etc. The results revealed that the slab joint connectors of DCPCF had good force transmission performance in OSLD, which can effectively transmit the flexural moment and connect the adjacent precast slab. Compared with CIS specimens, DCPCF specimens had no obvious plastic stage and entered elastoplastic stage earlier. The deflection of DCPCF in OSLD was mainly caused by the opening deformation of the slab joint and the rotational deformation of the precast slabs. For DCPCF specimens, the more connectors in each slab joints or the fewer slab joints, the greater the flexure stiffness in OSLD. Based on the test results, finite element models (FEMs) were developed to simulate force transmission mechanism of DCPCF in OSLD, and the accuracy was confirmed by the test results. Finally, it was verified that increasing the number of anchor bars and increasing the diameter of diagonal anchor bars can effectively enhance the anchoring measures of slab joint connectors to achieve replaceability of perforated steel plates.

An experimental and numerical investigation on the load transfer efficiency of a novel prefabricated cement concrete pavement

Prefabricated cement concrete pavement (PCCP) is utilized more frequently in airport projects. Load transfer efficiency (LTE) is an essential mechanical index of PCCP. This study proposes a novel PCCP surrounded by tongue and groove joints. It uses both physical and numerical modeling to perform the investigation, and the mechanical responses and the LTE of the novel PCCP are presented in the experiments. The experimental results showed that the presence of tenon and mortise causes a difference in the stresses of two longitudinal and two transverse joints. Subsequently, a finite element model is developed to simulate the PCCP with and without transverse tongue and groove joint. In addition, the influence of different slab thicknesses, joint rigidity, and base elastic modulus on LTE is also discussed. The findings demonstrated that the transverse joints change the pavement slab's stress state. The LTE of the slab without a transverse joint is slightly larger than that with a transverse joint, while the maximum horizontal tensile stress of the slab without a transverse joint is 395% higher than that with a transverse joint on average. It is also observed that increasing the joint rigidity improves the LTE, whereas increasing the slab thickness decreases the LTE, and increasing the base modulus has no discernible effect on the LTE. Comparing the experimental and numerical results reveals a good agreement.

An Intelligent Decision-Making Model for the Design of Precast Slab Joints Based on Case-Based Reasoning

Precast components are a critical part of the life cycle of prefabricated construction. Component joints and connections are essential to structural stability, posing rework problems. The design of precast component joints requires tacit and explicit knowledge. Existing joint design approaches and construction requirements underuse tacit knowledge. This paper proposes a case-based reasoning (CBR) model to support the design of component joints based on this tacit knowledge. A case library of 299 valid precast slabs was used to develop the model. The test cases in the model were used to verify the methodology. Records for 64 test cases with the same building information and 64 test cases from different buildings were used to validate the usability and effectiveness of the model. The results show that the accuracy rates are 100% and 94% when considering the comprehensive performance, and the model is more effective for different buildings than for the same building. The proposed model can improve the efficiency of joint design without expert participation and improve the standardization and coordination of design and construction.

Experimental Investigation of Seismic Performance of Precast Concrete Wall-Beam-Slab Joints with Overlapping U-Bar Loop Connections.

In the era of energy conservation and environmental protection, as well as the industrialization of buildings, precast concrete (PC) structures have been developed and increasingly applied in construction industries due to their advantages of outstanding workability and ecofriendliness. In order to verify the reliability of overlapping U-bar loop connections and a modified form of these connections, and study the seismic performance of PC wall-beam-slab joints with these connection methods, three full-scale wall-beam-slab joints were designed and tested under low reversed cyclic loading, including one cast-in-place (CIP) specimen and two PC specimens. Based on the test results, the seismic performance of the PC joints was studied by comparing their damage process, hysteretic loops and skeleton curves, load-carrying capacity, ductility, equivalent stiffness, and energy dissipation with those of the CIP joint. After analyzing the experimental results, the following conclusions can be drawn: the overlapping U-bar loop connection and its modified form are effective and reasonable; the specimen with the modified connection form showed slightly better mechanical properties; the failure mode of the PC joints was consistent with that of the CIP joint; and the generation, distribution, and development of cracks in the PC specimens were similar to those in the CIP specimen. In addition, the stiffness of the PC joints was similar to that of the CIP joint, and the load-carrying capacity, ductility, and energy dissipation of the PC joints were better than those of the CIP joint. Moreover, the research in this paper can also provide some guidance for assembling wall-beam-slab joints in PC shear wall structures.

Abstract 5412: Redefined chronic inflammatory responses as prognostic markers in glioma: an explainable artificial intelligence model

Abstract Introduction: Glioma is an aggressive brain tumor. Many inflammatory mediators within the tumor microenvironment (TME) determine its progression. Unfortunately, no ubiquitous prognostic markers reveal the intricacy between TME and chronic inflammatory responses (CIRs). CIRs used to vary among individuals affecting prognosis. And opting for the best-optimized treatment remains challenging. Methods: We proposed an explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) approach to redefine CIRs as prognostic markers for glioma using 694 and 693 patients’ data derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), respectively. First, using five curated databases, we identified CIR-related genes those enriched nine HALLMARK pathways using gene set variation analysis (GSVA). Then, we trained the XAI model to characterize the personalized inflammatory mediators (PIMs) using multimodal factors such as transcription factors (TFs) network and cell infiltration markers. It resulted in rationalized typified CIRs. Finally, we used overall survival (OS) analyses to validate them as potential prognostic markers and showed a personalized co-drug discovery strategy by optimizing CIRs. Results: The proposed XAI model deciphered the PIMs and endorsed the typified CIRs as efficient prognostic markers. It characterized five unique CIR types (p-value<0.0001). The OS analyses indicated the differential prognostic ability of the typified CIRs for glioma, lower-grade glioma (LGG) at p-value<0.0001, and glioblastoma (GBM) at p-value<0.22. We found that patients with higher CIRs had significantly shorter OS than those with lower CIRs. We showed that CIR type 4 and type 2 were highly inflamed and had poor OS for LGG, and GBM, respectively. Chronic pro-inflammatory responses were positively correlated with the poor OS of glioma patients. GSVA indicated lower activation of apoptotic pathways and higher activation of the hypoxia pathway as likely causes. We identified the effector genes within the personalized CIR networks, which demonstrated prognostic ability and may offer potential targets for optimizing the patient-specific CIRs through co-drug intervention. Additionally, we identified their transcriptional regulatory networks comprising TFs (e.g., SMAD3, HIF1A, NFKB1, GATA3, RORA, JUN) contributing to the inflammatory pathways (e.g., TNFα, NF-kβ, IFN-γ, hypoxia). Conclusions: Our findings highlight a new strategy to redefine CIRs as prognostic markers for glioma and show that optimizing CIRs improves the OS. It opened a new avenue for co-drug discovery to ensure better survival. Acknowledgments: HK GRF (12102722, 12101018, 12102518, 12100719), HK Theme-based Scheme (T12-201/20-R), IRMS-HKBU (RC-IRMS/15-16/01), TISSF (Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab, 2020B1212030006) and NSFS (ZR2020QH219). Citation Format: Debajyoti Chowdhury, Hiu Fung Yip, Hao Liu, Xuecheng Tai, Aiping Lu. Redefined chronic inflammatory responses as prognostic markers in glioma: an explainable artificial intelligence model. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5412.