Skilled Person Research Articles

External and internal sources of cognitive group awareness information: Effects on perception and usage

Group selection or group formation is an important but difficult task in learning groups. Group awareness tools collect, transform, and present group awareness information to provide learners, but also teachers with relevant information e.g., about potential learning partners. For these educational tools, the value and usage of the provided information may depend on how it is gathered and where it ultimately comes from. In our study (N = 150), we thus investigate how information from different sources is perceived and ranked. In the study, information about the skills of an anonymous person in a profile was either provided by external sources (teacher assessment, knowledge test result) or internal sources (self-assessment). Results show that information from external sources is perceived as more credible and weighted higher than internal self-assessed information. No difference between information from external personal teacher assessments and external non-personal knowledge tests was found. Hence, it is worth exploring possible effects of other external ratings than teacher assessments to see if these insights are transferable to other contexts.

Mentoring Role of a Teacher in Medical College.

Anderson and Shannon described mentoring as:“A nurturing process in which a more skilled or moreexperienced person, serving as a role model, teaches,sponsors, encourages, counsels, and befriends a lessskilful or less experienced person for the purpose ofpromoting the latter’s professional and personal development. Mentoring functions are carried out within thecontext of an ongoing, caring relationship between thementor and protégé”(1)

Microencapsulation in food processing - A review study

Microencapsulation is one of the efficient, advanced and promising technologies in the field of food processing. The technology involves the protection of different valuable food constituents present in a food product by the use of a suitable covering material on it. Besides, protecting the covering material allows the release of the core material in a controlled way increases shelf life and enhances the sensory qualities. The process of microencapsulation can be done by various methods such as coacervation, polymer-polymer incompatability, solvent evaporation, spray drying, fluidized bed technology, pan coating, spinning disc, extrusion, interfacial polymerization etc. This technology is being used in various fields including pharmaceutical, vectorisation, artificial organs, single dose treatment, agriculture (fungicide, herbicide, insect repellent, artificial insemination), food, printing, cosmetic, textile and defense. No single microencapsulation process is adaptable to all core materials. It is a complicated process and requires skilled person to handle the whole process. As worldwide demands for functional coatings continue to increase, new, cost effective microencapsulation technologies will be developed and the technology will remain at the forefront of future.

Sensor Based Air Pollutants Monitoring Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle in Raipur City

Sensor based air quality monitoring systems has an ability to provide real-time data with higher resolution. In the current study, small and portable sensor-based air quality monitoring system coupled with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform has been used. Air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and sulphur dioxide (SO2) are vertically monitored at eight different locations spread across four zones (i.e., industrial, transportation, residential, and public-place zone) in Raipur city. Vertical variation of pollutants at 5, 10, 15, and 20 m from ground level are monitored and analysed. Data has been analysed for the above five pollution causing parameters and it is observed that there is decreasing trend in the concentration has been observed to be winter > post-monsoon > monsoon season as reported in the previous studies for Raipur city. This type of monitoring system is cost effective as it requires UAV, sensors, mobile, and less skilled person for operation when compared to above mentioned monitoring systems in India. There are certain limitations of the study which includes less flying endurance of the UAV used with additional payload, observation of air pollutant concentration at lower altitude, and restrictions imposed on flying UAV at any location by the local authority due to COVID-19.

Empowercare: Development and evaluation of a competency-framework and educational course to teach community-based professionals how to empower vulnerable community residents.

Background: Communities are increasingly seen as the preferred context to organize care and interprofessional collaboration. The primary goal of community-based care is to enable people to live at home longer, delaying or preventing hospitalization of (vulnerable) people by focusing on organizing care in a familiar environment which benefits both physical and mental wellbeing. Community-based care demands that people with a need for care and support are included as equal partners in deciding what works best, during which their needs, preferences, and strengths are seen as the building blocks of delivered care. This shift from a system based on specialized and supply-driven care to community-based care brings new challenges, and a new role and set of competencies for all professionals involved. ‘Empowerment’ seems to be a key concept when it comes to shaping these new care perspectives and practices. More specifically, professionals need to take on an empowering attitude, supporting the active participation and the acquisition of skills of the (vulnerable) person, whilst focusing on needs and strengths. However, the competencies needed to change perspectives and take on an empowering attitude have not yet sufficiently found their way to day-to-day care practices. In the context of the Interreg2Seas Empowercare project, we have tackled this issue by designing and evaluating an online module and neighbourhood workshops to teach professionals what community-based empowerment entails and how to implement it in daily practice.
 Method: A literature review and one-on-one interviews with community-based professionals who have acquired an expertise in community-based empowerment were conducted to build a competency framework and to inform the development of an educational course on ‘community-based empowerment’, consisting of an e-learning, face-to-face workshops with case intervisions, in-field exercises, and podcasts. The course was piloted and evaluated in four communities in Flanders, Belgium.
 Target group: The course is intended for professionals from health and social care who are active in primary care and/or community care, that work with (vulnerable) community residents, and who work in the same neighbourhood.
 
 Evaluation: Feedback and input on the structure and content of the course was obtained from participants throughout and after the course. Participants were asked to fill out questionnaires on self-efficacy and implementation of community-based empowerment competencies. The qualitative data revealed that participants were overall very satisfied with the course. Participants specifically liked the blended nature of the course, and the opportunity to connect with community-based professionals from the same neighbourhood during the face-to-face workshops. Response on the questionnaires was too low to draw conclusions based on quantitative data.
 Next steps: The course is currently being optimized based on feedback and will be tested in four new communities based in the province of Antwerp, Belgium. More specifically, the course mainly delt with competencies needed to obtain an empowering attitude but lacked in-depth content on how to implement the competencies in community-based care and how to establish sustainable collaboration between community-based professionals.

Breast Cancer Detection in Thermographic Images Using Hybrid Networks

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women that causes more deaths than other cancers. Thermography is one of the methods of breast cancer diagnosis. The most important challenge in early detection of these images can be human error or lack of access to a skilled person. The use of artificial intelligence methods in image processing can be effective in early detection and reduction of human error. The main aim of this research was to introduce hybrid networks for intelligent diagnosis of breast cancer from thermographic images. Method: The thermographic images used in this study were collected from the DMR -IR database. First, the main features of the images were extracted by deep convolutional network (CNN). Then, FCNNs and SVM algorithms were used to classify breast cancer from thermographic images. Results: The accuracy rate for CNN_FC and CNN -SVM algorithms was 94.2% and 0.95%, respectively. In addition, the reliability parameters for these classifiers were calculated as 92.1%, and 97.5%, and the sensitivity for each of these classifiers as 95.5%, and 94.1%, respectively. Conclusion: The proposed model based on the deep hybrid network has good accuracy compared to similar algorithms; therefore, it can help doctors in the early diagnosis of breast cancer through thermographic images and minimize human error.

THE OPINION OF YOUTH SOCCER COACHES ABOUT TALENT SELECTION FOR SOCCER

Society and clubs invest a lot of effort, time and money to discover young people who have the potential to develop into top athletes. But, there are still many questions about a universal theoretical approach, agreed terminology and possible characteristics of talent that would bring practical benefit.The purpose of this paper is to clarify the essence of talent concept in sports and to evaluate the degree of agreement between the opinions of Serbian youth soccer coaches on the important issues of detection, identification and selection of talented soccer players in comparison with other researches. 161 youth soccer coaches with a high level of competence participated in the survey.The word talent is often heard in everyday speech to emphasize the qualities or skills of a young person who achieves above-average results in a certain field. There is no universal definition of talent. Over time, talent concept expanded and dynamized, so that today talent is approached multidimensionally, assessed holistically, and a conclusion is reached with a certain degree of probability. Coaches traditionally select players based on personal taste, observing movement patterns in the game and using their intuition based on experience, and using test results to monitor changes in morphological characteristics and motor skills. In addition to the existence of a disposition for the development of appropriate abilities, strong motivation and a favorable environment with an optimal training process are needed to realize the talent according to the planned outcome in the form of a competitive result. A reliable judgment about the ultimate range of a talented athlete is hindered by intense developmental changes in childhood and youth, due to which talent changes its structure. Further research should be focused on discovering the main and secondary components of giftedness, their interconnections, influences and changes during childhood and youth. This topic raises many questions such as: How not to stifle the individuality of talent? Would the discovery of the undiscovered make the game of soccer lose its charm?

The Clinical Embryologist: Past, Present and Future Challenges

Embryologist is an essential part of infertility care defined as a highly skilled and well-trained person who can work in teamwork to execute continuous tasks with near-zero error and pay attention to detail with excellent clinical judgment. At the very beginning, embryologist’s routine daily tasks were quite simple including processing the sperm and eggs for natural insemination. Following that, advanced infertility treatment emerged quickly including intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), vitrification-warming, embryo shipping, intracytoplasmic morphologically sperm injection (IMSI), as well as trophectoderm biopsy as a source of chromosomal copy number testing or monogenic disorders analysis. Collectively, the implementation of such improved treatments renders complexity in the IVF laboratory that could be simplified in the future. Apparently, the implementation of advanced technology in the field of IVF nowadays has two main purposes. The first is to improve the IVF success rate including finding precise markers for embryo selection such as genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics fingerprint and images-based artificial intelligence algorithm for embryo selection. The second is to standardize or simplify routine daily tasks in the embryology laboratory by implementing automated software such as for laboratory quality control maintenance, a microfluidic system that allows standardization of handling gametes, micro-robotic for immobilizing sperm for ICSI, fully automated semen analysis, electronic tagging of laboratory devices to improve traceability. All such automated systems will serve as advanced clinical decision tools to boost IVF success rate and infertility care quality. An elevated automated system in the future in an embryology laboratory would impact the clinical embryologist in terms of reduced quantity and conversely, increased qualities of highly scientific embryologists with proper education. Embryologist roles may change from conventional routine daily tasks to well-trained and experienced embryologists who are able to scientifically evaluate the effectiveness of certain approaches or potential clinical use of such implementation in their clinical laboratory setting.

Engine Knocking Detection using Time-varying Specific Loudness and Microphone Array

In the evaluation of internal-combustion engine knocking, the overall knocking level, such as no problem, slight, and obvious, is evaluated by a skilled person using auditory sense based on the knocking frequency of how often it occurs and the degree of knocking. In this study, we developed a method to detect knocking based on both the steep rise using derivatives and the level of non-stationary specific loudness of radiated sound. Additionally, by using a microphone array, we aimed to improve the detection accuracy that is dependent on the location of knocking and microphone position. Through experimental verification, we will compare the knocking level, which is the result of auditory evaluation by skilled listeners, with the knocking detection frequency of this method to validate the detection accuracy.

Luminous Insights: Exploring Organic Fluorescent "Turn-On" Chemosensors for Metal-Ion (Cu+2, Al+3, Zn+2, Fe+3) Detection.

There are several metal ions that are vital for the growth of the environmental field as well as for the biological field but only up to the maximum limit. If they are present in excess, it could be hazardous for the human health. With the growing technology, a series of various detection techniques are employed in order to recognize those metal ions, some of them include voltammetry, electrochemical methods, inductively couples, etc. However, these techniques are expensive, time consuming, requires large storage, advanced instrumentation, and a skilled person to operate. So, here comes the need of a sensor and it is defined as a miniature device which detects the substance of interest by giving response in the form of energy change. So, from past few decades, many sensors have been formulated for detecting metal ions with some basic characteristics like selectivity, specificity, sensitivity, high accuracy, lower detection limit, and response time. Detecting various metal ions by employing chemosensors involves different techniques such as fluorescence, phosphorescence, chemiluminescence, electrochemical, and colorimetry. The fluorescence technique has certain advantages over the other techniques. This review mainly focuses on the chemosensors that show a signal in the form of fluorescence to detect Al+3, Zn+2, Cu+2, and Fe+3 ions.

ASSOCIATED FACTORS AND IMMEDIATE OUTCOME IN BIRTH ASPHYXIATED TERM NEONATES ADMITTED IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN TRIBAL REGION OF INDIA-AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Objectives: The objective is to study the associated risk factors and outcomes of birth asphyxia (BA). Methods: The study involved 240 neonates of both genders who were admitted to the NICU of the Department of Pediatrics at NAMO MERI and SVBCH Hospital. Relevant information such as neonatal information, maternal information, and problems during pregnancy or labor noted and analyzed. Results: Among the cases and controls, the male-to-female ratio was 1.3:1 and 1.09:1, respectively. The incidence of meconium-stained liquor was higher in some cases, and these infants required longer resuscitation compared to controls (p<0.0001). Maternal risk factors such as hypertension, antepartum hemorrhage, and prolonged second stage of labor were significantly associated with BA (p<0.05). In addition, BA was significantly associated with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), convulsions, and apnea (p<0.05). Top of FormBottom of FormThere was a significant correlation between the duration of resuscitation and the grade of HIE in asphyxiated babies (p<0.05). A severe form of HIE was developed in cases with a longer duration of resuscitation. The duration of resuscitation was longer in patients who were delivered in either a primary health center or home compared to a tertiary care hospital (p<0.05). Conclusion: Effective post-delivery resuscitation, additional basic steps, and training health workers and a skilled person at every birth can help reduce the occurrence of BA and its complications in resource-limited peripheral systems. This study highlights importance of maternal risk factor assessment, prompt resuscitation.

Knowledge, beliefs and practices of nurses with long-acting reversible contraception, Cape Town.

Implanon and copper intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) are long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARC) available in public primary health care (PHC) South Africa. These methods are the most effective forms of contraception. To evaluate the knowledge, beliefs and practices on provision of LARC. Primary health care facilities within the Khayelitsha Eastern Substructure, Cape Town. A descriptive survey of all permanent nurses who provided contraception. Data were collected from 72/90 (80% response rate) via a validated questionnaire and evaluated using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Knowledge of eligibility for LARC was tested. The mean knowledge scores for Implanon were 8.56/11 (s.d. 1.42) for the trained and 7.16/11 (s.d. 2.83) for the untrained (p = 0.007). The mean knowledge scores for IUCD were 10.42/12 (s.d. 1.80) for the trained and 8.03/12 (s.d. 3.70) for the untrained (p = 0.019). Participants believed that inaccessibility to training courses (29%), no skilled person available (24%) and staff shortages (35%) were barriers. Less than 50% of women were routinely counselled for LARC. Forty-one percent of nurses were trained and performed IUCD insertion, and 64% were trained and performed Implanon insertion, while 61% and 45% required further training. Confidence was low, with 32% trained and confident in IUCD and 56% trained and confident in Implanon insertion. Lack of training, poor confidence and deficient counselling skills were barriers to effective LARC provision. The identified system-specific barriers must be addressed to improve uptake.Contribution: The first study to evaluate knowledge, beliefs and practices on LARC in providers in the Western Cape.

Semantic Changes Analysis in Terms for Mentioning Adult Women in Newspapers of the 19th, 20th, and 21st Centuries

This study aims to investigate semantic changes of these three terms, related to historical dan social factors influencing the change. The data are collected from 12 articles from newspapers published in the 19th, 20th, and 21st centuries. The theories of semantic change of Aitchison (2013) and Kridalaksana (1993) are used to analyze the data. Stemming from the original meaning of each term, it is found that each term possesses concepts of how women are perceived in society. Historical periods and changed social contexts during the period mark the changed meaning. In Colonial Dutch era, perempuan was used to call 'women from the low social class' and nyonya for ‘Dutch and local aristocrat married women’. After the era of Ethical Politics perempuan underwent amelioration into 'women in general' because the word means ‘respectable, skilled person’. After Indonesian independence, nyonya refers to ‘married women in general’. Meanwhile, at the time perempuan underwent pejoration. To replace it, wanita became a formal term that was used widely. The term wanita reflects women’s dependence toward men. Beginning from the 2000s/post-reform period the term nyonya vanished while perempuan underwent amelioration as it began to use widely replacing w anita due to its more positive meaning. Meanwhile, wanita undergoes pejoration because its association to sexual relation. This study would enrich the area of linguistics and feminism and more researches related to it needed.

Access and Use of Information Sources by Agricultural Researchers of Fadis and Mechara Agricultural Research Centers, Ethiopia

Access and use of information is required to improve agricultural production and productivity. Information is believed to be the foundation for improved agriculture. There are different sources of information but what matters are ‘what’ sources are available and relevant to the different categories of users and what sources of information are useful for their different seeking behavior, and mainly for utilization in order to accomplish tasks/needs. This study was conducted to assess the access and use of information sources by agricultural researchers in Fadis and Mechara Agricultural Research Centers of Ethiopia. The went further to identify how researchers search, articulate and utilize the information sources. Questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data and focus group discussion and observation were used to qualitative data from the entire researchers of the two Research Center. The collected data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 and triangulation respectively. Findings revealed that majority of researchers have physical access to computer in office while some of the researchers have no computer access even in office. The available computers are not fully functional because of the absence of skilled ICT person who maintain the damaged computer at the centers. The use of internet and library visit is not adequate in the study areas thereby led to minimum satisfaction to existing information services. The study therefore recommended that effort should be made to train specialists to keep the available information sources effective and efficient so as to improve information access and utilization.

Development of a User-friendly Tool for Pulp Separation from Palmyrah Palm Fruit

The study was conducted to develop a user-friendly tool for the separation of pulp from toddy palm fruit under the Department of Processing and Food Engineering, KCAET Tavanur during 2019–20. Manual separation of pulp using traditional method is very time consuming, tedious, labour intensive and cause drudgery to the operator. Hence, a skilled person can only separate the pulp from palm fruit perfectly. Therefore, a simple hand operated tool for separating pulp effectively which is easy to operate, portable, gender friendly and economical was designed and fabricated. Based on engineering properties, a cutting tool and U-shaped cutting blade were developed. The palm was removed from the bunch and crown was removed using a knife. Then the fruit was placed horizontally on “M” shaped holding unit. Using the cutting knife, the bottom portion of palm was cut up to 5cm thickness and top portion up to 2.5 cm. Then the fruit was placed vertically on the rectangular platform and the “U” shaped blade was inserted into the fruit on the outer periphery. Blade is then pushed side ways to remove the husk of the palm fruit. The performance evaluation of the developed tool was conducted. The performance evaluation of the developed tool was done in terms of capacity and material loss. The average capacity of the tool was found to be 9.01 kg h-1 which accounts pulp of 45–50 fruits h-1. The material loss during the operation was estimated to be 2.4%.

Development and implementation of a novel peer mentoring program for undergraduate nursing students.

Given the dynamic and high-stress environment of nursing education today, the need arose for the development and implementation of a novel peer mentoring program to support undergraduate nursing students. Peer mentoring refers to a network of support in which a more skilled or experienced person serves as a role model for a less skilled person for professional development and personal growth. Peer mentoring provides a support system that encourages self-confidence and increases self-worth for both the mentee and the mentor. The undergraduate student peer mentoring program in a large, Southeastern United States, university-based, 4-year school of nursing was created in response to a desire for more support conveyed by upper-level nursing students. A model was developed whereby each incoming nursing student (Semester 1) would be paired with a senior nursing student (Semesters 3, 4, or 5). This mentoring dyad was then assigned to a faculty mentor who ensured that the mentoring relationship was functioning in accordance with established guidelines and provided support to both the student mentee and the student mentor. The first cohort was comprised of 20 mentoring dyads. Subsequent cohorts have ranged from 20 to 45 mentoring dyads. To date, over 300 nursing students have participated in the undergraduate peer mentoring program. Based on feedback from student evaluation surveys, both mentors and mentees appreciate and find value in the program. Approximately 93% of student mentors indicated that they would have appreciated such a program when they were first semester nursing students. Some of the challenges of navigating nursing programs are not related to lack of academic aptitude. Rather, other challenges, including lack of social support and soft skills needed to successfully complete the first and second semesters of nursing school. These are critical challenges that a peer mentor could help to meet.

PSİKOMETRİK YAKLAŞIM İLE PERSONEL SEÇİM SİSTEMİNİN KURULMASI: İNFAZ VE KORUMA MEMURLARININ ÖRTÜK PROFİL ANALİZİ İLE BELİRLENMESİ

Choosing the right candidate for the job is a continuing concern within the public and private sectors. The personnel selection systems are one of the most important factors affecting the efficiency of organizations that has to be considered carefully, which aims to find the best candidate by matching qualifications and requirements of the job. Thus, psychometric assessments are used to employ the most skilled person among applicants. One of the most significant challenges of assessing candidates is the validity of the psychometric test used to assess candidate performances. Lack of evidence on scales and candidate population may mislead recruiters to hire unqualified individuals for the position. A considerable amount of literature has been published on using psychological scales for recruitment. However, much less is known about candidate’s latent profiles. This study highlights the importance of validation of scale in recruitment and seeks to reveal the latent profiles of candidates. The latent profile analysis identified two profiles for Vocational Adjustment, Social Skills, and Self-Control. The study results indicate that advanced and low Vocational Adjustment profiles show no extreme difference in both respects except for the Time management scores. However, higher profiles outperformed on Stress, Emotional Sensitivity, and Emotional Adaptation for the Social Skills domain. Like previous findings, self-consciousness scores are the highest of all subtests among low component profiles for the Self-Control domain

Automatic hierarchical model builder

AbstractWhen building classification models of complex systems with many classes, the traditional chemometric approaches such as discriminant analysis or soft independent modeling of class analogy often fail. Some people resort to advanced deep neural network, but this is only an option if there is access to very many samples. Another alternative often used is to build hierarchical models where subclasses are sort of peeled off one or a few at a time. Such approaches often outperform classical classification as well as deep neural network on small multi‐class problems. The downside though is that it is very cumbersome to build such hierarchies of models. It requires substantial work of a skilled person. In this paper, we develop a fully automated approach for building hierarchical models and test the performance on a number of classification problems.

The Purpose of Time-Motion Studies (TMSs) in Healthcare: A Literature Review

By utilizing time study methodologies, one can ascertain how long it takes a skilled person to complete a task with a specific level of quality. Time study aids in the selection of different job execution options as well asin the determination of the workforce required for a certain task, and thus assist in increasing manpower efficiency. It also aids in the acquisition of plants and machinery. By elaborating on the definition of "time-motion studies" (TMSs) as it is used in the biomedical literature and presenting justification based on full knowledge of that definition,this work aims to contribute to the standardization of TMSs. In TMSs, which is a type of quantitative data gathering, an outside observer records the motions and time necessary to complete an activity, together with an analysis aimed at increasing productivity.This papersuggests that, according to the researchers, the term is used to designate a range of investigations, the gathering and/or analysis of the length of one or more occurrences. A detailed analysis of all the available literature is done in this paper to get knowledge about TMS and its use in healthcare. Also, a comprehensive overview ofmany methodologies applied in works that are classed or referred to as TMSs is provided in this paper. Time motion investigations were first introduced in industrial engineering at the beginning of the twentieth century. Since then, they have been extensively employed by biological researchers, and because there is currently interest in parts of clinical workflow, they have attracted attention. However, combining the findings from different studies has proven challenging because there is a lot of variation in how techniques are used and reported. Although efforts have been made to uniformly publish these data and outcomes, there is still confusion about what TMSs are. A shared understanding of time and motion (TAM) research, as well as a proper acknowledgment of the various approaches it comprises, is a critical step toward standardization and validation. In this review paper literature analysis is done to discover what is known as TMSs to achieve the mentioned purpose.

ILLUMINA CAMBRIDGE LTD v LATVIA MGI TECH SIA

Abstract H1 Patents — European Patents — Infringement — Validity — Process claims — DNA sequencing systems — Skilled person — Common general knowledge — Construction — Normal interpretation — Equivalence — Obviousness — Hindsight — Mere collocations — Priority — Insufficiency — Added matter — Amendment