Skill-related Performance Research Articles

The effects of plyometric training on physical fitness and skill-related performance in female basketball players: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This study aims to analyze the effects of plyometric training (PT) on physical fitness and skill-related performance in female basketball players. Five databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar, were used to select articles published up to 20 December 2023, using a combination of keywords related to PT and female basketball players. The risk of bias and the certainty of evidence in included articles were assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias (RoB2) tool and "The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation" (GRADE). Ten studies were included for the systematic review, and eight for the meta-analysis, totalling 246 female basketball players aged 14.5-22.5years. Most of these players were highly trained. Most of the included studies exhibited concerns regarding the risk of bias. The PT programs lasted 4-8weeks, conducted 2-3 sessions per week, with sessions lasting 20-90min and including 29-190 jumps. In the systematic review, most studies showed that PT significantly improved performance in countermovement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), Sargent jump, standing long jump, lateral hop, medicine ball throw, t-Test, Illinois agility, lane agility drill, linear 20-m sprint, stable and dynamic leg balance, dribbling, passing, shooting, and various basketball-specific tests, as well as increased muscle volume and thigh cross-sectional area. However, some studies showed PT to induce no significant changes in performance during CMJ, t-Test, Illinois agility, knee extensor/flexor strength, linear sprint, and single leg balance tests. In the meta-analysis, CMJ height (ES = 0.37; p = 0.036), vertical jump (VJ) peak power (ES = 0.57; p = 0.015), VJ peak velocity (ES = 0.26; p = 0.004), and t-Test performance time (ES = 0.32; p = 0.004) were significantly improved with small effects following PT. The effect of PT on performance in female basketball players was mixed. Most studies indicated that PT could improve various measures of physical fitness and skill-related performance, but performance remained unchanged in some tests. More studies with established tests are needed to investigate the effect of PT on female basketball players in the future. https://inplasy.com/, Identifier INPLASY2023120078.

EFFECT OF PROPRIOCEPTIVE EXERCISES WITH AGILITY TRAINING ON SELECTED MOTOR ABILITIES PHYSIOLOGICAL AND SKILL RELATED PERFORMANCE VARIABLES AMONG HOCKEY MEN PLAYERS

Abstract The present study was undertaken to analyze the effect of proprioceptive exercises with agility training on selected skill related performance variables among hockey players. The investigator has selected sixty male inter collegiate hockey players at random from Acharaya Nagrarjuna University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh. Their age ranged from 18-23 years. The subjects chosen for the study were divided into four equal groups and designated as three experimental group and control group namely Group ‘A’ underwent proprioceptive Exercises [PEG], Group ‘B’ underwent agility training [ATG], Group ‘C’ underwent combined proprioceptive exercises and agility training [PEATG] and Group ‘D’ act as control group [CG] did not participated in any of the training programme apart from their regular activities. The trainings were given for a period of twelve weeks. The data were collected before and after the training by conducting Manual time taken (radial of the wrist). The obtained data’s were analyzed by Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). The level of significant was fixed at 0.05 levels. The results of the study showed that three experimental groups significantly improved than control group.

Effect of Skill Related Training on Skill Performance among Volleyball Players

Initially called 'Mintonette', the sport of volleyball was designed in 1895 by William G Morgan, in Holyoke, Massachusetts at a YMCA. The modern volleyball is highly specialized in almost all the major skills of volleyball. It is a sport for young and old for men and women. The character of volleyball is altogether not quite the same as that of different games discipline. In order to find the effect of skill related training on skill performance among volleyball players. To find the skill performance the study is being framed. Total 40 students from YMCA College of physical education and Nandanam Arts and Science College, Chennai, has taken as samples for the study and 12 weeks of training have given for 5 days a week. With the help of various literatures for Skill related training the training is being framed. For Skill related variables the following Test were conducted- Russel Lange Volleyball Test for Serving Ability, Brady Volleyball Test for attacking ability, Helman Volleyball (forearm) Test for forearm/dig passing and Helman Volleyball (Face pass/overhead pass) Test. To compare the skill related performance of volleyball player’s independent t-test will be employed. The significance level will be set as p<0.05. For Experimental Design the static group comparison design was used for the study. To compare the selected skill related variables ANCOVA is being used at the significant level of 0.05. It is concluded that the effect of skill related training for volleyball players has improved the Attacking ability, serving ability, Forearm and Overhead passing ability significantly. It is concluded that the Experimental group was significantly improved than the control group.

Assesment for Learning dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa di Sekolah

Previous studies show that assessment for learning (AfL) is reported to give a significant impact on student academic and language skills-related performance, especially when meaningful feedback strategies are adopted. Despite this empirical evidence, in most Asian countries, AfL remains under-practiced particularly in prescribed-mandated curriculum practices where teachers are considered as curriculum transmitters, and exercise-and-test based instruction are still pedagogical rituals in the classrooms. To respond to this critical issue, in this article, we would like to explore assessment for learning (AfL) in English language teaching. It focuses primarily upon the concept of AfL, the aim of Afl, prerequisite for implementing AfL, and the enactment of AfL for classroom practice. Since AfL practices are of great concern to curriculum policy makers, school leaders, and teacher educators, we conclude our article by offering some practical recommendations.

Comparing of Technical Skills of Young Football Players According to Preferred Foot

The purpose of this study is to compare technical skills of youth soccer players according to foot preference. A total of 61 amateur football players (Under 15) participated in the study from different clubs of Istanbul. The descriptive statistics and the relationship between the technical skills were examined by using Spearman test and Mann Whitney U test was used for paired comparison of the groups. The level of significance taken into account was (p<0.05). In conclusion, although there were not statistically significant difference between the left-and right footed players in technical skill tests (p˃0.05), and a negative significant relationship was found between dribbling and juggling and long passing skill tests (p˂0.05) in right-footed players. The present study may contribute to the literature on the specific skills related performance profile of youth football players.

Skill-related performance in soccer: a systematic review

AbstractThe aim of the study was to evaluate and organize systematically the available literature on skill-related performance in young and adult male soccer players in an attempt to identify the most common topics, ascertain the weaknesses, and elucidate the main contributions of the scientific papers on this issue. A systematic review of the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Web of Knowledge database was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The keywords ‘football’ and ‘soccer’ were used, each associated with the following terms: ‘technical analysis,’ ‘technical performance,’ ‘technical activity,’ ‘technical skill,’ ‘technical demands,’ ‘technical profiles,’ ‘technical characteristics,’ ‘technical actions,’ ‘technical scores,’ ‘technical ability,’ ‘motor skills,’ and ‘skill acquisition’. From the 2830 papers, only 60 were reviewed, of which 75% had been published in years 2011-2015 and 53.3% concerned professional or seniors players (above the U-20 category). Out of the 41 papers that analysed the skill-related performance in the match, 48.8% evaluated the performance in small-sided and conditioned games. Among the 27 papers that used validated instruments, 88.9% assessed technical actions outside the match context (e.g. dribbling, shooting tests). Future research should pay attention to the definition and classification of the skill-related variables under investigation in match context and propose tests for measured skill-related performance in soccer, considering that the representativeness task design allies the players’ possibilities of action to the situation of the match.

Exposure time, running and skill-related performance in international u20 rugby union players during an intensified tournament.

PurposeThis study investigated exposure time, running and skill-related performance in two international u20 rugby union teams during an intensified tournament: the 2015 Junior World Rugby Championship.MethodBoth teams played 5 matches in 19 days. Analyses were conducted using global positioning system (GPS) tracking (Viper 2™, Statsports Technologies Ltd) and event coding (Opta Pro®).ResultsOf the 62 players monitored, 36 (57.1%) participated in 4 matches and 23 (36.5%) in all 5 matches while player availability for selection was 88%. Analyses of team running output (all players completing >60-min play) showed that the total and peak 5-minute high metabolic load distances covered were likely-to-very likely moderately higher in the final match compared to matches 1 and 2 in back and forward players. In individual players with the highest match-play exposure (participation in >75% of total competition playing time and >75-min in each of the final 3 matches), comparisons of performance in matches 4 and 5 versus match 3 (three most important matches) reported moderate-to-large decreases in total and high metabolic load distance in backs while similar magnitude reductions occurred in high-speed distance in forwards. In contrast, skill-related performance was unchanged, albeit with trivial and unclear changes, while there were no alterations in either total or high-speed running distance covered at the end of matches.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that despite high availability for selection, players were not over-exposed to match-play during an intensified u20 international tournament. They also imply that the teams coped with the running and skill-related demands. Similarly, individual players with the highest exposure to match-play were also able to maintain skill-related performance and end-match running output (despite an overall reduction in the latter). These results support the need for player rotation and monitoring of performance, recovery and intervention strategies during intensified tournaments.

The Effectiveness of Traditional Games intervention program in the Improvement of Form One School-Age Children’s Motor Skills Related Performance Components

Abstract:As children age, motor performance develops. Motor performance abilities enable children to process information in handling specific task efficiently. Although children develop motor skills in a variety of physical activities, it could be, however, easily achieved when they engage in voluntary activities in conformity with their interests. Traditional games offer the opportunity for children to play and officiate the rules without any constraint. The current study intends to explore the effectiveness of the traditional games intervention program in the improvement of form one school-age children’s motor skills related performance components. A total number of 40 form one Malaysian student [male (n=20) and female (n=20)] with age range of 12-13 selected randomly participated in the study. The quasi-experiment method was applied in the study and experiment group (n=40) went through traditional games intervention which consisted of performing selected traditional games for 60 minutes, three times weekly for eight weeks. The pre-test (before treatment), mid-test (week fourth) and post-test (week eight) data were collected and analysed using MANOVA repeated measure. The results indicate a significant improvement of motor performance through traditional games intervention [F (8, 29) = 1704.16, p &lt; .05]. Follow-up tests also show that the traditional games intervention is a factor [F(12,105) =1.99, p &lt; .05] to agility [F(3,36) = .50, p &gt;.05], reaction time [F(3,36) = .51, p &gt;.05], speed [F(3,36) = 3.64, p &lt;.05] and balance [F(3,36) = .02, p &gt; .05]. There is sufficient evidence to conclude that Malaysian based traditional games are effective in improving motor abilities of school-age children.

Relationship Between Functional Movement Patterns And Performance Between Division Iii Women’S Soccer And Volleyball

The functional movement screen (FMS) has been shown to be a valid and reliable tool for assessing fundamental movement patterns. While dysfunctional movement patterns have been shown to increase an athlete’s risk for injury, it is unclear what influence they have on athletic performance. PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between FMS testing and sport specific performance tests for Division III (D3) women’s soccer (SOC) and volleyball (VB), as well as compare performance differences between sports. METHODS: 17 SOC (19+0.3 yo) and 13 VB (19.2+ 0.4 yo) players consented to the study and performed pre-season FMS, a 3-site % body fat (%BF) skinfold analysis, and performance testing. Performance testing included 1-min push-up test, Vertical Jump (VJ) test, Illinois Agility (IA) test, and 12x 20 m repeated sprint test (RST) with 20 sec recovery each sprint. 1-way ANOVA was run to compare differences between sports. Pearson correlations were run to examine the relationships between the FMS and performance measures. All data were expressed as mean + se, and all significance levels were set at α=0.05. RESULTS: Players were of similar height but VB players weighed (76.5 + 2.1 kg) significantly (p<0.0001) more than SOC (63.0 + 1.9 kg). %BF was significantly higher (p=0.0022) for VB (28.6 + 1.4% vs 22.2 + 1.3%), which resulted 5.8 kg greater fat free mass (FFM) for VB (p=0.0001). There were no significant differences in any of the performance measures, including VJ. However, the estimated power output for the VJ was significantly higher (p<0.0001) for VB (3888.1 + 105.8 W) than SOC (3094.6 + 92.6 W). The FMS lunge score was moderately related to both mean (r= -0.46, p= 0.0140) and best (r= -0.41, p= 0.0295) RST time (sec). The total FMS score showed a similar relationship for mean (r= -0.42, p= 0.00251) and best (r= -0.50, p= 0.0066) RST. %BF appears to negatively impact FMS scores (r= -0.36, p=0.0447). CONCLUSIONS: In a cohort of D3 women athletes, there appears to be no differences between athletes in common skill-related performance measures, despite significant differences in %BF and FFM. The inverse relationship between %BF and lower FMS scores suggests that reducing body fat could improve performance measures. The FMS may be useful in identifying potential skill-related performance decrements in similar athletes.

Identification and Comparative Analysis of Essential Performance Indicators in Two Levels of Soccer Expertise

This study aims to identify the essential performance indicators in two level of soccer expertise. A total of 84 elite’s soccer players and 100 novice players from eight soccer academies in Malaysia were enrolled and subjected to standard anthropometric, fitness, skills related performance testing and responded to the questionnaire in mastery and performance. Principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to determine the most indispensable variables pertinent to the requirement of the game in relation to the level of expertise of the players. The initial PCA shows seven components out of 26 as the most significant for both elite and novice soccer players with a considerable eigenvalue > 1. Moreover, the PCA after varimax rotation highlighted seven principles components (PCs) for elite and novice players respectively. Each of the seven components contained varifactors (VF) selected based on their higher factor loading and that distinguish the players on their expertise. The first PCs for elite’s players revealed strong loading from sit and reach (0.780), vertical jump (0.635), VO 2max (0.637) and age (0.752). The second PCs revealed weight (0.639), biceps (0.859), triceps (0.769), subscapular (0.847), suprailiac (0.886) and middle upper arm circumference (0.776). The third PCs revealed 505 agility (0.618), 5m speed (0.712), 10m speed (0.858) and 20m speed (0.929). The forth PCs revealed task (-0.675) and short pass (0.789) and the last PCs revealed sit up (-0.702). For novice’s players, the first PCs revealed vertical jump (0.624), weight (0.861), height (0.856), sitting height (0.632), middle upper arm circumference (0.673), calf circumference (0.790) and maturity (0.651). The second PCs revealed biceps (0.832), triceps (0.899), subscapular (0.816) and suprailiac (0.869). The third PCs revealed 5m speed (-0.847), 10m speed (-0.877), 20m speed (-0.785) and VO 2max (0.658). The forth PCs revealed task (0.694) and ego (0.747) and the last PCs revealed short pass (0.766).

Fluctuations in running and skill-related performance in elite rugby union match-play

This study investigated end-game and transient changes in running activities and whether these were concomitantly associated with reductions in skill-related performance in senior international rugby union match-play. Altogether, 18 official matches were analysed (322 individual observations) using computerised video-based tracking and event coding (Amisco Pro®, SUP, Nice, France). In forwards and backs, trivial to small reductions (% difference: −2.1, ±1.3 to −10.0, ±4.0%) in total distance and that covered at high speeds (>18.0 km h−1) occurred in the second- versus the first-half while there were trivial differences in skill-related performance measures (−2.3, ±4.5 to 7.5, ±14.0%). In both positions, small to moderate declines (−42, ±10 to −21, ±7%) occurred in high-speed running in the final 10-min and 5-min periods versus mean values for all other 10-min and 5-min periods throughout the game while only small changes (−18, ±51 to 13, ±41%) in skill-related performance were observed. Trivial changes in running and skill-related performance (−11, ±74 to 7, ±39%) were observed in the 5-min period immediately following the most intense 5-minute periods of play compared to mean performance over the other 5-min periods. These findings suggest that international rugby union players were generally able to maintain skill-related performance over the course of match-play even when declines in running performance occurred.

Comparison of Selected Motor Skill Related Performance and Academic Achievement among the Sixth Grade Respondents

The purpose of the study was designed to find out the comparison of selected motor skill related performance and academic achievement among the sixth grade respondents. During the academic year 2012 – 2013, 30 boys and 30 girls studying in government higher secondary school, Silattur, Erichi, Aranthangi, Pudukkottai, Tamilnadu, India were selected to achieve the purpose of the study. They were selected based on their academic achievement in the quarterly examination as above average, average and below average achievers making up a total of 60 respondents. The age of the respondents ranges from 12 to 14 years. The academic achievement of the respondents in the quarterly examination was considered as independent variables for this study. The criterion variables selected for the study are motor skills related performance such as 50 mts run and vertical jump. The data were statistically analyzed by using Two Way (2x3) Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for evaluating the influence of the two criterion variables. The obtained results have three F- ratio, two for main effect; the first F- ratio for rows (referring to gender) and columns (referring to academic achievement) and one for interaction (referring to the gender and academic achievement). The obtained F- ratio for column (referring to the gender and academic achievement) was significant. Scheffe‘s Test was used as Post Hoc Test separately for column to find out the significant difference between paired mean. In all the conditions, the significant level was fixed as 0.05 level, which was considered to be appropriate. The result reveals that there existed significant difference between the above average achievers and average achievers; above average achievers and below average achievers; and average achievers and below average achievers of gender on power. There existed significant difference between genders irrespective of academic achievement on speed. Hence it reveals that there was no significant difference between average achievers and below average achievers; and above average achievers and average achievers of gender on power. Further, it also reveals that there no significant difference on speed among the gender at different academic achievement.

Influence of opposition team formation on physical and skill-related performance in a professional soccer team

This study examined the influence of opposition team formation on physical and skill-related performance in a professional soccer team. Performance in 45 French League 1 matches played over three competitive seasons (2007–2008, 2008–2009, and 2009–2010) was analysed using multi-camera computerized tracking. Players (n=21) in the reference team (using a 4-3-3/4-5-1 formation) were analysed in matches against three opposition team formations: 4-4-2 (11 games), 4-3-3/4-5-1 (16 games), and 4-2-3-1 (18 games). Performance was compared for defending and midfield units as a whole and individually across four positions: full backs, central defenders, central midfielders, and wide midfielders. Collectively, players covered a greater total distance (P<0.05) and distance in low- to moderate-intensity running (0–14.3 km · h−1) (P<0.05) in matches against a 4-2-3-1 compared with a 4-4-2 formation. Distance covered in high-intensity (14.4–19.7 km · h−1) and very high-intensity running (≥19.8 km · h−1) was not affected by opposition formation. In contrast, players covered more distance in total high-intensity performance (≥14.4 km · h−1) when the reference team was in possession against a 4-4-2 compared with a 4-2-3-1 formation (P<0.05), while a greater distance was run at these speeds when the reference team was not in possession against a 4-2-3-1 (P<0.01) and a 4-3-3 (P<0.05) compared with a 4-4-2 formation. Players ran less distance at low-to-moderate intensities in the second- versus first-half of matches against all three formations (P<0.01 to P<0.05), whereas total distance and high-intensity performance were unaffected. None of the measures of physical performance across the individual playing positions were affected by opposition team formation. Skill-related performance varied according to opposition formation: players as a whole performed more passes versus a 4-4-2 than a 4-2-3-1 formation (P<0.01); ground and aerial duels versus a 4-2-3-1 compared with a 4-4-2 formation (both P<0.01); one-touch passes versus a 4-2-3-1 compared with a 4-4-2 formation (P<0.01) and a 4-3-3/4-5-1 formation (P<0.05). The mean number of touches per possession was highest versus a 4-4-2 compared with a 4-3-3/4-5-1 (P<0.01) and a 4-2-3-1 formation (P<0.01). While skill-related performance across the four individual playing positions was generally unaffected by opposition team formation, mean pass length was greater for central midfielders against a 4-4-2 compared with a 4-3-3/4-5-1 (P<0.05) and a 4-2-3-1 formation (P<0.01). In general, the findings suggest that physical performance in the reference team was not greatly affected by opposition team formation. In contrast, skill-related demands varied substantially according to opponent formation and may have consequences for tactical and technical preparation and team selection policies.

Are declines in physical performance associated with a reduction in skill-related performance during professional soccer match-play?

The aim of this study was to determine whether declines in physical performance in a professional soccer team during match-play were associated with reductions in skill-related performance. Computerized tracking of performance in midfield players (n = 11) showed that total distance and distance covered in high-speed running (>14.4 km · h−1) were greater in the first versus second half of games (both P < 0.001) and in the first versus the final 15 min of play (P < 0.05). Analysis of high-speed running across 5-min periods showed that more distance was covered in the first versus the final game period, and in the peak period of activity compared with the following period and game mean for other periods (all P < 0.05). Analysis of skill-related measures revealed no significant decline between halves, across 15-min intervals or in the 5-min period following that of peak high-speed activity compared with the game mean for other 5-min periods. In contrast, frequencies of passing, ball possessions, and duels were greater in the first 5-min than in the final 5-min period (P < 0.05). Neither physical nor skill-related performance was affected across three consecutive games within a period of ≤7 days. The results suggest that the players were generally able to maintain skill-related performance throughout games and when competing in successive matches within a short time.