Family Situation Research Articles

Needs and differences in the way they are met among students of Universities of the Third Age

The seniors needs is important social problem, because they are individual and depend on age, economic, family and social situation. Some needs appear to a greater extent and others to a lesser intensity, therefore, in this period of life, they require the use of appropriate actions and strategies (e.g. in the field of senior policy).The presented results are part of a larger research project on the sense of life satisfaction of the elderly. The aim of which was to explore the life satisfaction of seniors-students of the Universities of the Third Age in the context of its determinants and present the factors creating and differentiating the satisfaction with life of seniors. The subject of the research was the sense of life satisfaction of students of universities of the third age. The research was conducted on the basis of a quantitative research model and survey research. Data were collected using survey questionnaire. The research made it possible to draw several important conclusions. The most satisfied needs in the opinion of seniors are: the need for security, the need for belonging and love, and physiological needs. The less satified needs are the need for self-actualization and the need for respect and recognition. The importnat issue is supporting the satisfaction of the need for self-realization and the need for respect and recognition by including seniors in the participation of the younger generations in the family space. It is also important to use an individual approach to the needs of older people, which is expressed in emphasizing diversity from the point of view of social, health and economic characteristics, which will help such people to be open to active forms of spending time, open to social contacts and to benefit from every moment of their lives.The diagnosis of the seniors needs in the area of scientific research is valuable information for educators, representatives of social services and people developing a strategy for social policy activities. This is because they indicate the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the elderly population and the areas of functioning of individuals that require strengthening. On the other hand, for social politicians, they indicate important and strategic goals of activities contributing to the shaping of conditions for dignified and healthy ageing. Overall, the actions taken will contribute to improving the satisfaction with life of seniors.

Funkcjonowanie osób z niepełnosprawnością przez pryzmat kondycji psychicznej członków rodziny

The article is based on fragments of the results of many years of research conducted under the direction of the author, situated in the context of research on the family of people with disabilities and chronic diseases. The main trend of the research was to diagnose the psychological condition of people who have long-term care obligations for a family member by learning about the factors that create the quality of life, life satisfaction, the recognized system of values and its relationship with the health and mental state of the charges. In these studies, an interesting thread turned out to be the knowledge of the relationship between the rehabilitation progress of the charges, changes in their psyche, especially in self-esteem and in the value system, and analogous changes in the mentality of caregivers. The article presents such relationships not only among carers of people with disabilities, but also among able-bodied siblings, who, although not directly burdened with the care of a family member, indirectly feel the effects of a changed and unusual family situation, also incurring the psychological costs of this situation. This is a very important problem in the context of holistic rehabilitation, and family members of people requiring constant care are not covered by any systemic therapeutic assistance. The examined relationships clearly indicate that both the rehabilitation progress of people with disabilities and the mental state of their family members are interdependent, and the rehabilitation process is not only carried out in direct relationship with professionals, but mainly in the family itself, and it is the family members who permanently create the conditions for motivating to overcome barriers related to disability. Therefore, their mental condition is of great importance for improving the functioning of a family member who requires care.

Dysfunctional family as a determinant of mercenary and forcible crimes of minors and young people

The article is devoted to the problems of criminological determination of mercenary and forcible crimes of minors and youth. The author defines dysfunctional family as one of the main determinants of mercenary and forcible crimes among minors and youth.
 The article characterizes the influence of adversity in the family, defects of family upbringing on the formation of a young personality.
 The author analyzes modern criminological concepts regarding family problems as determinants of juvenile and youth crime and notes that the aggravation of problems of family dysfunction against the general background of poverty and constant need, moral and social degradation that occurs in families, lead to extremely negative consequences.
 It is a well-known fact that the intensity of crime is particularly high among minors and young people from disadvantaged families. Basically, drunkenness, drug addiction, and prostitution thrive in these families, there are no moral foundations, elementary culture. All this affects the formation of the character of the individual, because the influence of the family, upbringing is of decisive importance.
 Negative socio-economic and political processes significantly weakened the importance of the family institution as a social institution that protected children and youth. The majority of juvenile criminals were brought up in dysfunctional, single­parent families with a critical financial situation, and were witnesses of scandals and fights.
 Parents who lead an immoral lifestyle, are indifferent to the interests of the child, are unable to provide the proper conditions for the normal psychophysical development of the child, and the deterioration of the financial situation of families leads to the inaccessibility due to the increase in the prices of using the benefits of civilization and, combined with discomfort in the family, provokes minors spending more and more time outside.
 The article provides a criminological description of the modern aspects of family dysfunction, which are associated with military actions and the temporary occupation of large territories, and also complements the classification of dysfunctional families, which is developed today by criminological science.

DAILY EMOTION REGULATION AND AFFECT ACROSS WORK AND FAMILY CONTEXTS IN MID LIFE

Abstract Emotion regulation is an important skill for adults to use in interpersonal situations; however, limited research has examined whether emotion regulation strategies vary by context or the potential influences these strategies have on daily affect. We examined the frequency of emotion regulation strategies used in work and family contexts and the extent to which these strategies predicted daily positive and negative affect (PA; NA). Middle-aged adults (N=27, Mage=60.15, SD=3.77; Female=91.67%) completed 7 daily diary surveys. In both contexts, adults most often reported modifying situations to be more positive and using situational approaches. At work, adults also frequently expressed their emotions; at home, they reported modifying situations to be less negative. Preliminary multilevel model results indicated that NA was significantly higher on days when individuals reported distracting themselves from work situations (Est.=7.36, p<.01), suppressing emotions at work (Est.=3.29, p<.01), or expressing emotions around family (Est.=4.41, p<.01) compared to days when they did not use these strategies; conversely, on days when individuals distracted themselves from family situations, they reported lower NA (Est. =-2.80, p=.03) than on days they did not. On average, people who modify family situations to be more positive report higher PA (Est.=6.73, p<.01) than those who do not. Our results suggest that there is daily variability in emotion regulation strategy use and consequential impacts on affectual wellbeing by context. Understanding which emotion regulation strategies yield the most benefit in different contexts may inform interventions targeting emotion regulation as a modifiable behavior to promote health and wellbeing in later life.

A study on the relationship between students’ psychological depression and family situations using multi-factor logistic regression analysis

Long-term psychological depression can seriously damage the physical and mental growth of adolescent students, and effective interventions are needed to address students’ depression. This paper briefly introduced students’ depressive mood and surveyed students in three grades from ten high schools in Zhengzhou City in 2020 with questionnaires that included the degree of depression and family environment in addition to conventional information. After preliminary screening of indicators related to depressive mood, the influence of family environment on depressive mood was analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The results showed that factors such as intimacy, recreation, and organization in the family environment could effectively suppress depressive mood, while ambivalent and controlling factors could exacerbate depressive mood.

Uloge, odnosi i djelovanje mladih unutar obiteljskih poljoprivrednih gospodarstava (OPG-ova) u Općini Vidovec

This article focuses on young people in family farms (Croatian OPGs) in Vidovec, more specifically on young people’s actions (using Bourdieu’s habitus), young people’s roles and on family and work relations, all of which have an impact on young people. The aim of this qualitative research is to identify the different processes that young people go through in the OPGs, which is motivated by the lack of research on this topic in Croatia. The data was collected through six semi-structured interviews. The habitus of young people in OPGs is formed in childhood and is represented by the interaction of family, social and agricultural situations. Family, work and gender roles in the OPG are recognized, especially the role of successor and helper. Young people are mainly driven by the obligation to help their parents in the OPG, for family and economic reasons. Life choices in the OPG are rarely binary and dichotomous, which is reflected in the activities of the young people and in the relations between the young people and their parents. Life in the OPG entails an intertwining of family and work relations, based on which hierarchies and different power relations can be recognized. The current conditions set by local self-government, the circumstances of Croatian agriculture and agricultural incentives lead young people to consider leaving agriculture in the future, although these reasons are not decisive. This decision is primarily influenced by family and work relations in the OPG and is linked to the problems of leaving the farmer’s habitus.

‘Maslow before Bloom’: Implementing a caring pedagogy during Covid-19

This article draws on interviews undertaken with 20 teachers as part of a larger study on the impact of Covid-19 on schools. Although the schools varied by location, level, and socio-economic status, teachers’ experiences were remarkably similar. Teachers found the sudden move to on-line learning stressful, and the constant demands of delivering a different style of pedagogy, maintaining contact with students and their families, and looking after their own family situations exhausting. Participants who worked in isolated or less advantaged communities were also attending to delivering learning devices, food and basic supplies to their families and communities. In this article, we present the data in in both thematic and poetic styles to highlight the nature of the caring pedagogy that they undertook as schools moved in and out of lockdowns, despite the toll that it took on them, personally and professionally.

Implementing a Non-Specialist Delivered Psychological Intervention for Young Adolescents in a Protracted Refugee Setting: a Qualitative Process Evaluation in Lebanon

There has been an increase in the evaluation and implementation of non-specialist delivered psychological interventions to address unmet mental health needs in humanitarian emergencies. While randomized controlled trials (RCTs) provide important evidence about intervention impact, complementary qualitative process evaluations are essential to understand key implementation processes and inform future scaling up of the intervention. This study was conducted as part of an RCT of the Early Adolescents Skills for Emotions (EASE) psychological intervention for young adolescents with elevated psychological distress (predominantly with a Syrian refugee background) in Lebanon. Our aims were firstly to conduct a qualitative process evaluation to understand stakeholder experiences and perceived impact of the intervention and identify barriers and facilitators for implementation, and secondly to explore considerations for scaling up. Eleven key informant interviews and seven focus groups were conducted with 39 respondents including adolescent and caregiver participants, trainers, providers, outreach workers, and local stakeholders. Data were analyzed using inductive and deductive thematic analysis. Respondents perceived the intervention to be highly needed and reported improvements in adolescent mental health and wellbeing. Key implementation factors that have potential to influence engagement, adherence, and perceived impact included the socio-economic situation of families, mental health stigma, coordination within and between sectors (particularly for scaling up), embedding the intervention within existing service pathways, having clear quality and accountability processes including training and supervision for non-specialists, and sustainable funding. Our findings provide important context for understanding effectiveness outcomes of the RCT and highlights factors that need to be considered when implementing a mental health intervention on a larger scale in a complex crisis.

Availability of medical care and social support from the perspective of women with breast cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract Aim This article describes the situation of women with breast cancer during the pandemic. The study assessed the accessibility of oncological care, experienced stress, and use of social support. Subject and methods The study involved 158 women with breast cancer who lived in Poland. Purposive sampling was used. The research method was a diagnostic poll, and the research tool was a survey questionnaire designed by the authors of this study. Results The results showed that the pandemic was an additional aggravating factor for the participants, was associated with difficulties accessing medical care, and generated anxiety related to potential hospitalization and the resulting limited contact with loved ones. All participants were concerned that they might be unable to continue treatment. Family situation did not affect the level of stress, but was associated with seeking social support. Participants living alone sought support outside their families more often. The use of psychological care differed depending on place of residence: participants living in large cities used it more often than participants living in medium-sized and small cities and villages. Conclusion Breast cancer is a highly aggravating factor that was further exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic.

From unemployment to self-employment: what does it mean for an individual's satisfaction and economic self-sufficiency?

PurposeThis research extends the knowledge on the less-frequently explored outcomes of entrepreneurial endeavour. The study provides unique insights into the overall satisfaction of entrepreneurs with their life, job and financial situation, as well as perceived economic self-sufficiency and income. The obtained findings represent a specific group of Czech self-employed individuals who started their businesses while unemployed, with the help of public financial assistance.Design/methodology/approachThe presented contribution is based on a primary survey among those individuals (N = 128), conducted in 2022 and triangulated by insights from informal interviews with the respondents and earlier empirical evidence.FindingsThe main findings document that most of the surveyed entrepreneurs are overall satisfied with their lives and jobs, their incomes are above the minimum wage and, despite the challenges faced, they mainly benefit from autonomy associated with this career choice. The multivariate ordered logistic regression results highlight the significance of several previously identified variables, such as gender, health status, formal education, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and family situation, that influence the studied outcomes and provide opportunities and challenges for ongoing research.Originality/valueThe conducted study acknowledges the need to consider the whole picture of entrepreneurship success. Therefore, it provided insights into the monetary and non-monetary outcomes of the specific type of entrepreneurship.

A holistic motility understanding of the social phenomena underlying inter-city high-speed rail commuting: Evidence from China's Yangtze River Delta

As high-speed rail (HSR) becomes more widespread, inter-city commuting is becoming an increasingly prevalent social phenomenon, yet little attention has been paid to obtaining a deeper understanding of the interdependence of various factors and how they contribute to the phenomena. This paper fills the gap by utilising the concept of motility to frame the analyses of in-depth interviews with HSR commuters between Suzhou and Shanghai in China's Yangtze River Delta. As the first in-depth qualitative study on this topic, our findings advance a holistic understanding of the perception, experience, compromised habits, strategies, and decision trade-off underlying the HSR intercity commuting behind the dark mobility numbers. This new empirical evidence of HSR commuting sheds light on the interdependence of the three elements of motility (range of possibilities, competence and cognitive appropriation). With better employment opportunities accessible by HSR, yet due to the nature of work, personal and family situations, and mobility constraints, cognitive appropriation of HSR commuters leads to various deliberate habits and strategies for daily, weekly, and flexible commuting, which is a precarious balance between individual competence and range of possibilities prompted by HSR either favourable or unfavourable conditions. These issues reflect the value of motility for critical assessments of transport policy and wider associated policy areas to achieve subsequent improvement of personal well-being. Also, the dominant one-way commuting from neighbouring smaller cities to economic powerhouse reflects a need for strategies that coordinate economic function and transport accessibility and enable better balanced two-way economic and commuting patterns in the long run.

A heavy weight, yet empowering: Grandparent Special Guardians’ lived experiences of the role and family dynamics - An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA)

Almost half of Special Guardians are grandparents, typically single grandmothers, who are required to facilitate and maintain relationships between parents and children if deemed in the child’s best interests. Current literature suggests that Special Guardians navigate complex family situations, support children with developmental trauma histories and receive scant support. Only limited research has examined the lived experiences of Special Guardians, especially using qualitative methods. Further exploration into such experiences may allow for better understanding and more specialised support for Special Guardians and the children they care for. The current research involved semi-structured interviews with six grandparent Special Guardians. Using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) five themes were constructed that highlighted some of the social, emotional, relational and financial difficulties they experienced from taking on the role. Compared to foster or adoptive carers, Special Guardians felt undervalued and abandoned by services. After a Special Guardianship Order (SGO) has been awarded, to encourage positive relationships Special Guardians may benefit from trauma training, peer and therapeutic support, as well as more whole family support.

ISLAMIC LAW PERSPECTIVE ON GENDER EQUALITY IN IMPROVING FAMILY WELFARE

<p>Gender equality is a global issue that can contribute to improving the country's economy. The role of women in improving family welfare is very important for economic development. Islam has provided space for women to have the right to work. This study analyzes the contribution of female farm workers to family welfare in East Luwu Regency. The contribution is in the form of increasing family income and family financial management strategies. In addition, this study analyzes the perspective of Islamic law on working wives. The method used in this study is a mixed method. Quantitative methods to measure the contribution of female farm workers to family income and qualitative methods to analyze family financial management strategies, as well as the perspective of Islamic law on working wives. The results of the study show that female farm workers greatly contribute to increasing family income. In addition, women farm workers have a good financial management strategy by implementing long-term investments in the form of cattle and children's education. The perspective of Islamic law towards working wives is based on family conditions and situations. Islam does not prohibit wives from working as long as they do not violate Islamic law<strong></strong></p>

Level of knowledge, attitude, and practice on modern contraceptive method and its associated factors among housemaids living in Debre Tabor town, northwest Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study

BackgroundContraception is widely recognized as an effective technique for avoiding unplanned pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases. Promoting contemporary contraceptive methods would minimize the number of unplanned pregnancies and the high number of maternal fatalities connected with unsafe abortions.ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of modern contraceptive methods and its associated factors among housemaid residents of Debre Tabor Town, northwest Ethiopia:MethodsA structured questionnaire supplemented with face-to-face interviews was used to conduct a community-based cross-sectional study with 423 housemaids’ women of reproductive age in Debre Tabor City. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, binary analysis, and multivariable logistic regression.ResultsA 12.8% of respondents in this study used modern contraceptive methods. A 44.68% of study participants had good knowledge of modern contraceptive methods, and 36.40% had a positive attitude towards them. Housemaids’ older age, urban location, educational status, work experience, and family situation were found to be positive predictors of a good understanding of current contraceptive techniques. Housemaids’ older age, urban residence, educational level, work experience, family situation, and first sex before now are all positive predictors of a positive attitude and good practices.ConclusionsHousemaids’ knowledge, attitude, and practice of modern contraceptive methods were influenced by a variety of socio-demographic factors. As a result, housemaids should be educated about modern contraceptive methods by the health sector and other stakeholders to improve their knowledge, attitude, and practices.

Change and stability of migration intentions. Evidence from Italy

AbstractDue to a lack of relevant data, very few empirical studies have examined the changes in and stability of secondary migration intentions. We aim to fill this gap by analysing return migration intentions among international migrants in Italy. Data are drawn from the cross‐sectional SCIF survey conducted by ISTAT in 2011–2012. Our findings reveal that migration intentions at the beginning of the migratory experience tend to differ from those measured at more advanced migration stages (i.e. at the time of the survey). In particular, intentions to return seem less stable than intentions to stay. When confirming intentions to return or remain, critical factors include financial stability, family situation and ties with the country of origin and destination. Additionally, having an Italian partner, a partner living in Italy, and a positive self‐assessed family financial condition are positively associated with transitioning from a temporary plan to a permanent settlement intention.

Meeting families in various social situations: reflections from healthcare staff working with an extended home-visiting program in Sweden

ObjectivesHealth inequalities exist among children in Sweden, and one effort that the Swedish government has focused on to promote health among small children and their parents is an extended home-visiting program during the child’s first 15 months. This study aimed to illuminate healthcare professionals’ experiences of meeting parents in different social situations during the home visits within Grow safely.MethodsThe chosen method was qualitative, and 13 interviews were carried out with healthcare, social, and dental professionals working with the extended home-visiting program within the child healthcare in the south of Sweden.ResultsThe results revealed that the parents raised differing needs in the meetings with the healthcare professionals in the program. The needs included advice on children with special needs, support with problematic breastfeeding, and more psychosocial support. The professionals met different groups of parents, such as young parents or newly arrived migrant parents, that in different ways needed the team to reach out to them. The professionals also met families who came from better-off areas and who were not initially considered to really need the program. As the program progressed, these parents could see that diverse, unpredictable needs could be met by the intervention. For example, the program provided access to and advice from social workers, which in turn created contacts that lasted longer than the program itself.ConclusionsThe professionals encountered various family situations and needs within the extended home-visiting program. This highlights the need for a close collaboration between child healthcare nurses and social workers, in order to be able to support the families and work towards the aim of reaching equal health among all children in Sweden.

Machine learning prediction model based on enhanced bat algorithm and support vector machine for slow employment prediction.

The employment of college students is an important issue that affects national development and social stability. In recent years, the increase in the number of graduates, the pressure of employment, and the epidemic have made the phenomenon of 'slow employment' increasingly prominent, becoming an urgent problem to be solved. Data mining and machine learning methods are used to analyze and predict the employment prospects for graduates and provide effective employment guidance and services for universities, governments, and graduates. It is a feasible solution to alleviate the problem of 'slow employment' of graduates. Therefore, this study proposed a feature selection prediction model (bGEBA-SVM) based on an improved bat algorithm and support vector machine by extracting 1694 college graduates from 2022 classes in Zhejiang Province. To improve the search efficiency and accuracy of the optimal feature subset, this paper proposed an enhanced bat algorithm based on the Gaussian distribution-based and elimination strategies for optimizing the feature set. The training data were input to the support vector machine for prediction. The proposed method is experimented by comparing it with peers, well-known machine learning models on the IEEE CEC2017 benchmark functions, public datasets, and graduate employment prediction dataset. The experimental results show that bGEBA-SVM can obtain higher prediction Accuracy, which can reach 93.86%. In addition, further education, student leader experience, family situation, career planning, and employment structure are more relevant characteristics that affect employment outcomes. In summary, bGEBA-SVM can be regarded as an employment prediction model with strong performance and high interpretability.

The Social Structures of Sleep: Effects of Work-Related and Family Constraints on Sleep Duration and Regularity Among French Workers

Previous research shows that sleep time is shaped by family constraints and paid work organisation. However, the impact of both work and family on sleep routines is relatively unknown. Using the 2009–2010 French Time Use Survey, this article examines how workers’ sleep routines are affected by paid work and family situation, and emphasises the social significance of sleep patterns. Paid work and family situation both structure the duration and regularity of sleep. Paid work reduces sleep time and has a disruptive effect on sleep routines, but to different degrees depending on socio-occupational category and work schedule. Having a small child has a negative effect on sleep on any given day, but works in favour of a regular sleep routine, as well as the tendency for spouses to synchronise. However, the regulating effect of family life accentuates the disruptive effect of paid work for the most atypical work schedules.

Prise en charge chirurgicale de l’enfant polyhandicapé. Présentation faite par Mathilde Gaume dans le cadre des journées du CRMH : suivi orthopédique de l’enfant polyhandicapé, 9 juin 2023, Paris

The orthopedic surgical indication in the context of polyhandicap should always be made with a comprehensive understanding of the child's medical, family, and social situation. Therefore, it should be determined through extensive consultation with the family and the relevant medical, educational, and rehabilitative teams. The targeted objectives should align completely with the individual plan of the subject. Post-operative follow-ups and constraints should also be considered in the context of the individual's uniqueness, their behavior, and communication style. At times, the surgeon may need to exercise restraint. We will illustrate our practice through some fairly common indications.

A Framework for Implementing Positive Learner Discipline in Public Secondary Schools from the Context of the Mpumalanga Province

Abstract Introduction: Learner indiscipline has emerged as a global cause for concern for educators and parents in the 21st century. This study sought to develop a framework for the successful implementation of positive discipline. The study sought to provide answers revolving around the contributing factors towards learner indiscipline, the effects of indiscipline on teaching and learning, educators’ perceptions on positive discipline, factors leading to the ineffective implementation of positive discipline and the constituents of an effective framework for implementing positive discipline. Methods: The study adopted a qualitative approach. Districts were identified utilising convenience sampling, while participants were sampled purposively. Data collection comprised semi-structured interviews and document analysis. Six schools from two districts in the Mpumalanga Province were selected as the study sample. The sample comprised twenty-four participants, including principals, class teachers, Life Orientation teachers, and chairpersons of School Governing Bodies from each school. Thematic content analysis was used to analyse the data and present the findings. Results: The findings revealed that learner indiscipline is affected by several contributing factors such as family situation, community setting, human rights, peer pressure, educators, and learners themselves. Lack of stakeholder engagement, absence of training, overemphasis on learners’ rights and conditioning of educators and parents on corporal punishment are the factors that have led to the ineffective implementation of positive discipline. Discussion:To ensure the implementation of positive discipline is successful, a framework should support a multi-stakeholder consideration to engagement. Ubuntu values should be incorporated in re-packaging the positive discipline toolkit so that it suits the local context. Limitations: Only two education districts in one province of South Africa formed part of the study. Conclusions: Educators are to adopt a revised curriculum that accommodates positive discipline and Ubuntu values in related subjects taught in school. Effective implementation requires regular monitoring, evaluation and reviewing of the positive discipline approach. The study proposed an Afrocentric framework for the implementation of positive discipline.