Site Monitoring System Research Articles

LAND COVER CHANGE ANALYSIS OF CARRASCAL, MADRID AND CANTILAN MINING SITES IN SURIGAO DEL SUR USING REMOTE SENSING

Abstract. The Philippines is recognized as amongst the natural resource-rich countries which has been evident in the influx of extractive industry investors, most specifically in the mining industry. An example of this is the case of mining sites in the municipalities of Carrascal, Madrid, and Cantilan (CMC) in Surigao del Sur region of the Philippines. In this region, development of mining areas was significantly noticeable in a span of seven (7) years since 2015. With this being an alarming case due to its possible negative impacts on the surrounding communities, this study developed an open-source monitoring system of mining activities using remote sensing technologies employing supervised image classification using the Random Forest algorithm. This study is mainly motivated by the need for a monitoring system to ensure responsible mining practices in the country, most especially since there has been an increasing global clamour for a more environmental-friendly and climate-sensitive and sustainable practices. The methodology developed for this study utilized a post-classification change detection approach in which multitemporal land cover (LC) models were produced to capture the land cover changes. To model the LC changes, land cover models for 2015 and 2022 were produced obtaining overall accuracies between 0.93 to 0.95, respectively. Using these models, changes due to mining development were delineated through a multitemporal overlay analysis approach. This change detection model obtained an F1-score of 0.93 indicating high accuracy and satisfactory performance of the model and consequently, the its potential as a mining site monitoring system to achieve the goal of ensuring responsible mining industry practice in the country.

Astronomical Site Monitoring System at Lijiang Observatory

We installed two sets of Astronomical Site Monitoring Systems (ASMSs) at Lijiang Observatory (GMG), for the running of the 2.4-meter Lijiang optical telescope (LJT) and the 1.6-meter Multi-channel Photometric Survey Telescope (Mephisto). The Mephisto is under construction. The ASMS has been running on robotic mode since 2017. The core instruments: Cloud Sensor, All-Sky Camera and Autonomous-DIMM that are developed by our group, together with the commercial Meteorological Station and Sky Quality Meter, are combined into the astronomical optical site monitoring system. The new Cloud Sensor’s Cloud-Clear Relationship is presented for the first time, which is used to calculate the All-Sky cloud cover. We designed the Autonomous-DIMM located on a tower, with the same height as LJT. The seeing data have been observed for a full year. ASMS’s data for the year 2019 are also analysed in detail, which are valuable to observers.

Activity and Safety Recognition using Smart Work Shoes for Construction Worksite

Workers at construction sites are easily exposed to many dangers and accidents involving falls, tripping, and missteps on stairs. However, researches on construction site monitoring system to prevent work-related injuries are still insufficient. The purpose of this study was to develop a wearable textile pressure insole sensor and examine its effectiveness in managing the real-time safety of construction workers. The sensor was designed based on the principles of parallel capacitance measurement using conductive textile and the monitoring system was developed by C# language. Three separate experiments were carried out for performance evaluation of the proposed sensor: (1) varying the distance between two capacitance plates to examine changes in capacitance charges, (2) repeatedly applying 1 N of pressure for 5,000 times to evaluate consistency, and (3) gradually increasing force by 1 N (from 1 N to 46 N) to test the linearity of the sensor value. Five subjects participated in our pilot test, which examined whether ascending and descending the stairs can be distinguished by our sensor and by weka assessment tool using k-NN algorithm. The 10-fold cross-validation method was used for analysis and the results of accuracy in identifying stair ascending and descending were 87.2% and 90.9%, respectively. By applying our sensor, the type of activity, weight-shifting patterns for balance control, and plantar pressure distribution for postural changes of the construction workers can be detected. The results of this study can be the basis for future sensor-based monitoring device development studies and fall prediction researches for construction workers.

Violation Monitoring System for Power Construction Site

Automatic detection of violations will improve the efficiency of enterprise management and reduce the workload of employees. In this paper, a construction site monitoring system based on Tiny-yolo-dense is developed for three common violations of electric power construction site: no safety helmet, safety gloves and no labour suits. The experimental results show that the system can meet the requirements of real-time and accuracy of power construction site monitoring.

Grid site availability evaluation and monitoring at CMS

The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) uses distributed grid computing to store, process, and analyse the vast quantity of scientific data recorded every year. The computing resources are grouped into sites and organized in a tiered structure. Each site provides computing and storage to the CMS computing grid. Over a hundred sites worldwide contribute with resources from hundred to well over ten thousand computing cores and storage from tens of TBytes to tens of PBytes. In such a large computing setup scheduled and unscheduled outages occur continually and are not allowed to significantly impact data handling, processing, and analysis. Unscheduled capacity and performance reductions need to be detected promptly and corrected. CMS developed a sophisticated site evaluation and monitoring system for Run 1 of the LHC based on tools of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid. For Run 2 of the LHC the site evaluation and monitoring system is being overhauled to enable faster detection/reaction to failures and a more dynamic handling of computing resources. Enhancements to better distinguish site from central service issues and to make evaluations more transparent and informative to site support staff are planned.

Deformation features and failure mechanism of steep rock slope under the mining activities and rainfall

Underground mining activities and rainfall have potential important influence on the initiation and reactivation of the slope deformations, especially on the steep rock slope. In this paper, using the discrete element method (UDEC), numerical simulation was carried out to investigate deformation features and the failure mechanism of the steep rock slope under mining activities and rainfall. A steep rock slope numerical model was created based on a case study at the Wulong area in Chongqing city, China. Mechanical parameters of the rock mass have been determined by situ measurements and laboratory measurements. A preliminary site monitoring system has been realized, aiming at getting structure movements and stresses of unstable rock masses at the most significant discontinuities. According to the numerical model calibrated based on the monitoring data, four types of operation conditions are designed to reveal the effect of mining excavation and extreme rainfall on the deformation of the steep rock slope.

Camera-based photoplethysmography in critical care patients.

Camera-based photoplethysmography (cbPPG) is an optical measurement technique that reveals pulsatile blood flow in cutaneous microcirculation from a distance. cbPPG has been shown to reflect pivotal haemodynamic events like cardiac ejection in healthy subjects. In addition, it provides valuable insight into intrinsic microcirculatory regulation as it yields dynamic, two-dimensional perfusion maps. In this study, we evaluate the feasibility of a clinical cbPPG application in critical care patients. A mobile camera set-up to record faces of patients at the bed site was constructed. Videos were made during the immediate recovery after cardiac surgery under standard critical care conditions and were processed offline. Major motion artefacts were detected using an optical flow technique and suitable facial regions were manually annotated. cbPPG signals were highpass filtered and Fourier spectra out of consecutive 10s signal segments calculated for heart rate detection. Signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) of the Fourier spectra were derived as a quality measure. Reference data of vital parameters were synchronously acquired from the bed site monitoring system. Seventy patient videos of an average time of 28.6±2.8 min were analysed. Heart rate (HR) was detected within a±5 bpm range compared to reference in 83% of total recording time. Low SNR and HR detection failure were mostly, but not exclusively, attributed to non-physiological events like patient motion, interventions or sudden changes of illumination. SNR was reduced by low arterial blood pressure, whereas no impact of other perioperative or disease-related parameters was identified. Cardiac ejection is detectable by cbPPG under pathophysiologic conditions of cardiovascular disease and perioperative medicine. cbPPG measurements can be seamlessly integrated into the clinical work flow of critical care patients.

Optical Observing Conditions at Delingha Station

SONG is a global ground-based network of 1m telescopes for stellar time-domain science, an international collaboration involving many countries across the world. In order to enable a favorable duty cycle, the SONG network plans to create a homogeneous distribution of four nodes in each of the northern and southern hemispheres. An expected possibility was building one of the northern nodes in East Asia, preferably on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. During the last decade, a great deal of effort has been invested in searching for a high-quality site for ground-based astronomy in China, since this has been one of the major concerns for the development of Chinese astronomy. A number of sites on the plateau have been in operation for many years, but most of them are used only for radio astronomy, as well as small optical telescopes that are used for applied astronomy. Several potential sites for large optical instruments have been identified by the plateau site survey, but so far none of them have been adequately quantitatively characterized. Here we present results from a detailed multi-year study of the Delingha site, which was eventually selected for the SONG-China node. We also describe the site-monitoring system that will allow an isolated SONG and 50BiN node to operate safely in an automated mode.

The KwaZulu-Natal Boat Launch Site Monitoring System: A novel approach for improved management of small vessels in the coastal zone

The KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) province of South Africa has a large recreational and commercial boating industry, which includes line-fishing, scuba diving and other activities. Most of the vessels used are relatively small (less than 10 m long) and are capable of being launched from a beach directly through the surf. Beach launching in KZN is restricted to officially registered beach launch sites. The provincial government is responsible for the management of these sites, which is currently governed by national legislation controlling beach driving. Stakeholders in these launch sites include various government and non-government institutions as well as the launch site licence holders, the launch site operators and the boat users themselves. Collaboration between the stakeholders in KZN has resulted in the development of a Boat Launch Site Monitoring System (BLSMS) which includes maintenance of a daily launch register at all registered launch sites. All records from the launch registers are captured onto the BLSMS database providing comprehensive resource-use statistics. This is the first attempt at a province-wide monitoring initiative for boat launch sites in South Africa. The system also provides the only estimate of total fishing effort by marine recreational boat-based anglers. It is an example of unique, mutually beneficial co-operation between different stakeholders towards the common goal of improved management of small craft launch sites in KZN and the resources accessed offshore. Some of the highlights and challenges of this innovative monitoring programme for the period 2005–2012 are presented and discussed.

Study of a Measurement and Control System of Industrial Site

According to the industrial site of precision measurement and control systems, the demand for real-time monitoring and multi-task, the paper studied and designed an industrial site monitoring and control system based on Labview; overall structure of software and hardware, the system was designed system, the system platform-level and user-level using a two-stage multi-task scheduling strategy to achieve the industrial field parallel scheduling and control system to improve the operating efficiency of monitoring and control systems; practice shows that the system has high accuracy, strong and stable real-time, etc., to meet the monitoring needs of the industrial field, with a good prospect.

공공 도로건설사업에서의 원격 현장모니터링 적용방안에 관한 연구

공공 도로건설사업은 국토교통부 소속기관 중 하나인 지방국토관리청에서 발주되며 각 건설현장은 공사관리관을 두어 관리하고 있다. 공사관리관은 다수의 공사현장을 수시로 방문하여 현장을 점검 감독함에 따라 현장까지 이동하는데 많은 시간과 비용이 소요됨으로 현장관리 업무의 효율화가 요구되고 있다. 이에 공사관리관의 업무효율성 제고를 위해 현장방문을 최소화하고, 원격지에서 공사 진척현황을 실시간으로 모니터링 할 수 있도록 현장모니터링 관리 체계의 도입이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 공공 도로건설공사를 대상으로 웹카메라(Web camera)를 활용한 원격 현장모니터링시스템을 구축하였다. 또한 10개 건설현장을 선정하여 시범적용을 실시하고, 효과분석을 통해 적용성을 검증하였다. 적용성 검증 결과, 웹카메라를 활용한 원격 현장관리는 기존 현장관리 방식에 비해 약 35% 정도의 비용절감효과를 갖는 것으로 분석되었다. 마지막으로 현장모니터링 관리 체계의 적용을 위한 가이드라인 마련과 도입방안을 검토하고, 개선방안을 제시하였으며, 이를 통해 불필요한 현장방문을 최소화하고, 현장의 취약지점에 대한 위험요소를 사전에 차단하여 각종 재난 및 재해를 사전에 예방할 수 있도록 하였다. 아울러 안전사고 예방과 부실시공의 근절을 통한 시설물의 품질을 향상시키리라 기대된다. The public road construction projects awarded by the regional construction and management office, which is an affiliate of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, are managed by construction supervision officers. These officials frequently visit a large number of construction sites to conduct inspections and supervision tasks. Therefore, the site management efficiency is essential in terms of the time and money spent in travelling to the sites. The introduction of a site monitoring management system is considered necessary to minimize the number of site visits and enable remote monitoring of the construction progress to enhance the business efficiency of the construction supervision officers. In this study, a remote site monitoring system was constructed using web cameras for public road construction works. The trial applications were implemented by selecting ten constructions sites. The effectiveness of the system was analyzed to assess its applicability. In an assessment of the applicability of the verification results, remote site monitoring showed cost savings of approximately 35% compared to the existing site management. The guidelines for applying the site monitoring management system were provided, the introduction plan was investigated, and the improvement method was presented. The results showed that the system is likely to minimize the unnecessary site visits, remove the risk factors at vulnerable areas in the sites beforehand, and prevent a range of disasters and accidents. In addition, the quality of the infrastructures is likely to improve through the prevention of accidents and the elimination of substandard and faulty construction work.

공공 도로건설사업에서의 원격 현장모니터링 체계 구축에 관한 연구

PURPOSES : Efficiency Improvement of a public road construction project management work using the development of a real-time remote site monitoring system METHODS : In this study, we developed the remote site monitoring system using a web camera for road construction projects in the RCMA(Regional Management Administration). We can be monitored a construction progress and a weak point of the situation in real time using this. To achieve this, we tested about 10 road construction projects ordered by RCMA. Then, we verified a applicability for the site monitoring system in future. RESULTS : Take advantage of the remote site monitoring system consists of the CALS System, one of the business systems used in the part of the MLTM(Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs) institution-agencies. Was configured to be served through the Construction CALS System of Construction Management System(Contractors) and the Construction CALS Portal System. Through this, Benefit analysis through a pilot application of the 10 road construction sites and developing considerations and Guide for visual information processing equipment installation-operating in construction sitesare presented. CONCLUSIONS : Through the establishment of remote site monitoring system can improve the efficiency of construction management services. In addition, Various disasters and calamities, accidents and illegal construction will be prevented in advance is expected. This is expected to further improve the quality of the facilities.

Methodologies to Avoid the Enrollment of Ineligible Patients in Clinical Trials

As the authors point out, failed psychopharmacologic randomized controlled trials are common but poorly understood. In the companion article,2 the authors describe the analyses from computer-based assessments to examine the impact of eligibility criteria in more detail. The major finding was that, on the basis of computer assessments, nearly two-thirds of randomized subjects failed to meet at least 1 protocol-specified eligibility criterion. As the authors indicate, the enrollment of ineligible subjects may contribute to the failure of acute psychopharmacologic efficacy studies. Computer assessments may no doubt not only control rater bias but also influence the responses of subjects of investigation. As the authors recognize, the study does not measure the benefits of the site monitoring system nor does it establish that computer assessments of any of the eligibility criteria are superior to those of a well-trained site-based rater. A key message is that we need to improve the validity and reliability in the way we establish eligibility criteria and symptom severity. Possible solutions to this problem include improving the training of site raters and using central raters through videoconferencing or with the assistance of computer-generated ratings. The authors’ results provide valuable information to improve the design of clinical trials. The fact that, according to the computer assessment, close to two-thirds of patients did not meet eligibility criteria for diagnosis and symptom severity is concerning—such a large proportion of subjects in any study would lead to biased assessments. Failing to find a difference when one exists or finding spurious differences is concerning. The presented data suggest that a better signal detection will be reached when the eligibility of subjects is established with highest possible confidence, which, in this case, was achieved with the help of computer-administered assessments. Advantages of computer-administered ratings may include consistency of metrics across subjects of investigation and sites, but this system may also miss information that can be captured only by well-trained clinician raters. To summarize, we applaud the publication of negative/ failed data, but, more importantly, we value the attempt to find solutions to deal with challenges that contribute to the failure of clinical trials with psychotropic agents. By improving our clinical trial methodology, we will be able to find better and safer treatments for our patients.

A Research of a Remote Control System Based on Timed Petri Net for PDA

In the distributed control system, it is not easy to communicate between different operating systems due to the different control platforms. Therefore, the control system is difficult to repair and upgrade. In this study, we employ Timed Petri Net to build up architecture of the real-time control system. The client not only can monitor the current status of production line via the World Wide Web in the OEM plant but also can allow equipment supplier to perform supervision, analysis, and repair in the real-time state. The operation of the hardware platform that is no longer limited to the personal computer (PC) can also support the use of PDA(Personal Digital Assistant) , and internet browsing hardware, and web site monitoring system connected through the web page to monitor the purpose of monitoring equipment machine.

Study on Remote Distributed Fault Diagnosis System in Modern Agricultural Machinery

A remote distribution based agricultural mechanical fault diagnosis system was proposed against the characteristics of high technology and difficult fault diagnosis in the modern agriculture and the time-sensitive requirements in agricultural production. The paper introduced the overall system architecture and working principle, analyzed the development of site monitoring and diagnostic system, remote diagnosis center, network communication systems, and software systems development, and investigated the system’s main implementation techniques, which include network database technology, data compression and transmission technology and system security technology.

Provider-focused intervention increases adherence-related dialogue but does not improve antiretroviral therapy adherence in persons with HIV.

Physicians' limited knowledge of patients' antiretroviral adherence may reduce their ability to perform effective adherence counseling. We conducted a randomized, cross-over study of an intervention to improve physicians' knowledge of patients' antiretroviral adherence. The intervention was a report given to the physician before a routine office visit that included data on Medication Event Monitoring System and self-reported data on antiretroviral adherence, patients' beliefs about antiretroviral therapy, reasons for missed doses, alcohol and drug use, and depression. We audio recorded 1 intervention and 1 control visit for each patient to analyze differences in adherence-related dialogue. One hundred fifty-six patients were randomized, and 106 completed all 5 study visits. Paired audio recorded visits were available for 58 patients. Using a linear regression model that adjusted for site and baseline Medication Event Monitoring System adherence, adherence after intervention visits did not differ significantly from control visits (2.0% higher, P = 0.31, 95% confidence interval: -1.95% to 5.9%). There was a trend toward more total adherence-related utterances (median of 76 vs. 49.5, P = 0.07) and a significant increase in utterances about the current regimen (median of 51.5 vs. 32.5, P = 0.0002) in intervention compared with control visits. However, less than 10% of adherence-related utterances were classified as "problem solving" in content, and one third of physicians' problem-solving utterances were directive in nature. Receipt of a detailed report before clinic visits containing data about adherence and other factors did not improve patients' antiretroviral adherence. Analyses of patient-provider dialogue suggests that providers who care for persons with HIV may benefit from training in adherence counseling techniques.

Using a real-time integrated communication system to monitor the progress and quality of construction works

Site monitoring is an indispensable procedure in construction quality control. It does not only minimize construction defects and human errors but also supports project team members making strategic decisions at critical points throughout the construction stages. This paper presents a cost-effective construction site monitoring system integrating a long-range wireless network, network cameras, and a web-based collaborative platform. The system supports simultaneous user access therefore project team members could view real-time captured images or video of a construction site, discuss and exchange ideas with gadgets such as video conference, text and shared whiteboard at a distance via the Internet. It was carefully configured in order to maintain the reliability under the reactive conditions of the construction sites. The system has been implemented and tested on two construction sites and promising results were obtained.

Monitoring of a strategic partnering process: the Amphion experience

Amphion Consortium was formed with the membership of a number of registered social landlords as an initiative in implementing the Egan agenda which championed long‐term successful partnering as a mechanism for achieving radical change in the construction industry. This was an opportunity to monitor and record the performance of 12 housing development projects and the roles played by a complex team network in contributing to an innovative partnering agreement. Relevant KPIs, benchmarks, a data collection and site monitoring system were developed. A range of workshops, questionnaire surveys, detailed interviews with key project personnel, examination of site meeting notes and feedback reviews were undertaken as research tools to gather data. An attempt was made to identify the softer, qualitative issues that are difficult to grapple with normal numerical data collection methods. A number of takeover bids within a short space of time had a substantial effect on the consortium as well as the research project. Mutual trust, effective communication, a changed mindset from all parties, the quality of the services and commitment of all stakeholders seem to be the key factors that contribute to a successful strategic partnering process.