Sister City Research Articles

Analisa Faktor Penyebab Kegagalan Sister Cities di Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the failure of cooperation sister city. This research focuses on cooperation sister cities carried out by several local governments, which leads to the unsuccessful achievement of cooperation or even failure. The complexity of issues in international relations facilitates the emergence of local actors who play a role in foreign relations activities. The emergence of this sub-state actor is one of the impacts of a country's decentralization and regional autonomy policies so that the regions can participate in foreign relations. This study uses qualitative research methods through a literature review. In analyzing qualitative data, the author uses software, computer namely vosviewer. This study uses 20 journals from various cities in Indonesia that discuss the failure of sister cities. This study concludes that not all collaborations can run smoothly or as agreed. The failure occurred due to two factors, namely internal and external factors. The internal factors that occurred were the lack of communication between the two cities and the absence of significant results related to cooperation, then several external factors that occurred, such as changes in policies of the two regions, then policies at the global level impact on the state and influence local government policies.

Evaluasi Kerjasama Sister City Toraja Utara - New Zealand dalam Peningkatan Kualitas Sektor Pertanian dan Perkebunan di Toraja Utara

Indonesia is a developing country that has the characteristics and potential of development resources that rely heavily on the agricultural sector. Indonesia is the third largest source of agricultural products for New Zealand. New Zealand invites North Toraja to cooperate in agriculture and plantations which is realized through the Sister City collaboration. The existence of sister city cooperation that is woven gives little space and hope for the people of North Toraja, especially in the realization of agricultural development goals in North Toraja. The research uses qualitative methods. Related to this research, the author uses primary data collection techniques, namely interviews and secondary data, namely literature, journals and related documents. The results showed that the sister city cooperation agreement did not run optimally, the contents of the agreement were not fully actualized and the stages were not complete. This was caused by factors, namely not being followed-up properly, the budget was limited, Human Resources were not/not ready and the parties who bridged the two partners did not carry out their duties properly.
 Keywords: Evaluation, Cooperation, Sister City, Toraja Utara-New Zealand

Kendala Kerjasama Sister City Antara Kota Semarang dengan Kota Jung-Gu Tahun 2016 – 2021

Sister city cooperation appears as a form of paradiplomacy where the actor is the local government. Sister city cooperation between Semarang City and Jung-Gu City has been established since 2016 with five points of agreement. However, after five years, the cooperation between the two has not gone well. This study aims to explain the obstacles to sister city collaboration between the City of Semarang and the City of Jung-Gu from 2016 – 2021 by using the concept of paradiplomacy and the concept of sister city. This study uses a qualitative research approach with explanatory research types and data obtained through interviews and literature studies. The results of this study indicate that the factors that cause sister city cooperation between Semarang City and Jung-Gu City have not gone well in several areas that have been agreed upon because both of them do not fulfill three of the five important elements needed to assess the success of inter-city cooperation. Some of these elements are the commitment of the two parties to cooperation, community participation in cooperation, and reciprocal relations between cities.

A new model of Russian-Chinese trade and economic cooperation: Establishing the Center of Legal Services Saint Petersburg — Shanghai

Shanghai and Saint Petersburg are sister cities. Shanghai was the very first sister city of Saint Petersburg in China. The cities are linked by long-term fruitful humanitarian and economic ties. Economic cooperation between the two cities has been and remains one of the priorities of interaction for the development of cities. Saint Petersburg — Shanghai economic cooperation has great potential. The level of cooperation on the range of economic and other issues is constantly expanding, the demand for legal assistance is also increasing, respectively. Therefore, the establishment of the Center of Legal Services Saint Petersburg — Shanghai is of great importance. This Center will be committed to the development and prosperity of the two cities, expanding mutually beneficial trade, economic and investment cooperation, broadening and deepening cooperation ties in various economic sectors, consolidation of legal services resources and establishment of a mechanism for communication and coordination between government departments and enterprises of the two cities, conducting specialized Webinars dedicated to the establishment of the Center of Legal Services Saint Petersburg — Shanghai and various legal topics, publishing a white paper, legal branding, successful holding of the Forum on the legal services of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, strengthening the docking of high-quality projects, creating a new model of economic and trade cooperation, consolidation of the foundation for Sino-Russian economic and trade cooperation, creation of an integrated single digital platform for the exchange of information; information exchange for further discussion of issues of cooperation in such areas of mutual interest as legal control by legislative bodies, prevention and control during the pandemic, trade and economic development and humanitarian exchanges for enterprises of Russia and China, in order to give impetus to the further development of relations between Saint Petersburg and Shanghai as sister cities.

Para diplomacy through Sister City Cooperation: Efforts to Increase the Potential of the Agricultural Sector in Karawang District

This research aims to increase the potential efforts of the agricultural sector in Karawang district by using the concept of sister city cooperation paradiplomacy as one of the local government’s innovation efforts in providing welfare and the economy of the community. In this globalization era, the actor of the international relation is not just a state, but there are a lot of another actor and one of them is the sub-state or the regional government. In Indonesia, the state gives regional government the opportunity to involved in the international cooperation. This study uses a qualitative method by interviewing trusted sources and also literature studies. Karawang as a city that has great potential in agriculture can increase this potential by implementing the sister city agreement. Then, Chilgok-gun in Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea can become one of the best potential partners for Karawang in implementing Sister city in the agricultural sector.

Sister City Partnership of Bandung and Kawasaki in the Environmental Sector during 2017-2020

Between 2017 and 2020, Bandung, Indonesia, and Kawasaki, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, worked together as part of a sister city collaboration in the environmental sector. Bandung and Kawasaki are sister cities, and their governments have cooperated to address Bandung’s waste management and environmental issues as part of this sister-city collaboration. This study employed an interview and a literature review alongside a descriptive qualitative method to get to the bottom of the research topic. This study also applied the theories of “sister cities” and “city diplomacy” in assessing the findings. The study’s findings revealed that the collaboration helped strengthen Bandung’s human resources and enhance the city’s ability to manage and deal with waste issues. This study also discovered that the partnership ran into problems with finances, the Covid-19 pandemic, the communication process, and the priority given to training initiatives over infrastructure.

Ideational Factors in the Paradiplomacy Activities of Indonesian Cities

Indonesian local governments conduct paradiplomacy activities after the central government implements the regional autonomy regulation. Several cities in Indonesia have established cooperation with other cities in other countries, including nongovernment organizations. Economic factors such as trade and investment, and local development are the driving factors of this cooperation. However, ideational factors, such as identity, cultural similarity, and historical aspects, may influence the decision of Indonesian cities to conduct paradiplomacy. This study discusses ideational factors for explaining paradiplomacy activities in Indonesia and focuses on city identity by examining the sister city cooperation of Bandung and Surabaya. By adopting the constructivist perspective in international relations (IR), this study finds that personal identity (corporate and type identity of city) influences local governments’ selection of city partners and cooperation fields. However, corporate identity is the driving factor for a sister city, and the type identity becomes the identity that is projected, constructed, and strengthened in the activities of the sister city. Theoretically, this study supports the adoption of IR theories that mainly explain the behavior of the state to elucidate these sub-national actors’ behavior in their international activities.

IMPLEMENTASI SISTER CITY PEMERINTAH KOTA MEDAN -ICHIKAWA JEPANG DALAM MEWUJUDKAN PENDIDIKAN BERMUTU TAHUN 2018-2019

Cooperation is an important thing in the era of globalization. Actors in carrying out cooperation no longer only include the state, but the local government is also able to carry out cooperation. Sister City is a long-term collaboration between two city governments in two countries. Medan City is one of the metropolitan cities in Indonesia which has several sister city activities, one of which is with the Ichikawa Government. The sister city collaboration between the Medan City Government and Ichikawa City Government has been established since the signing of the Memorandum of Understanding between the two cities on November 4, 1989. This study aims to see the implementation of cooperation between Medan-Ichikawa in realizing quality education using the Sister City approach and the theory of Institutional Liberalism. The research was conducted using qualitative methods, with data collection techniques in the form of interviews and library research.

City Branding Kota Bandung Sebagai Kota Berpotensi Melalui Program Sister City

Bandung has several sister city program, but the sister city program with Suwon City is the most successful by the Government of Bandung. But in fact, the sister city program Bandung Suwon-City did not go well. This study is done to find out why (the reason) Bandung conduct a sister city program with Suwon. This study is a qualitative research with paradigm of constructivism and using study case method. The data collection is done by observations, interviews, and literature reviews. The results of this study is that there are some commonalities which underlie the establishment of the sister city program. They are the friendships between the two mayors who served the cities, the similarity of geographic, demographic, education and culture, also the same vision and mission of both cities. 

Festival Indonesia: Answer to Indonesian Public Diplomacy Towards Russian Citizens

As the Asia Rising phenomenon becomes more evident, Russia needs to look again to Asia for growth and strategic cooperation through the Far East Policy. Apart from traditional Far Eastern countries such as China, Japan, and South Korea, Indonesia as one of the Asian countries recently with a prominent future also does not waste Russia's market and strategic location that issued the policy. Indonesia respectfully maintains good relations with Russia to get more benefits and economic possibilities such as from the tourism sector. The Indonesian Festival is one of the instruments imposed and utilized by the Indonesian government to achieve the nation's economic interests. This article aims to explain that the "Indonesian Festival" event is a form of public diplomacy and Indonesian economic diplomacy, especially in the tourism sector. This article uses public diplomacy as an analytical tool accompanied by qualitative research methods. This article concludes that the presence of the "Indonesian Festival" as a form of public diplomacy has a positive impact on Indonesia's positive image towards Russian citizens, which leads to an increase in Russian tourists to Indonesia, an increase in "sister city" cooperation and cooperation in other fields.
 Keywords: Public Diplomacy, Far East Policy, Festival Indonesia, Tourism

The role of Australian local government in economic development: Building international engagement capacity

AbstractSister city relationships (SCRs) are a platform through which local governments (LGs) engage internationally. Increasingly, there is an expectation that such international engagement delivers economic opportunities and returns. Many LGs are therefore pursuing local economic development (LED) through their SCRs. Drawing on a national survey of Australian LGs (stage 1) and interviews with key council staff and stakeholders in five LG areas maintaining Australia–China SCRs (stage 2), this paper contributes to growing literature on LED by examining how LGs have developed their own capacities and supported local small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) to engage internationally. Our findings reveal insights into how Australian LGs have achieved international engagement through two strategies that leverage their SCRs, namely building government's capabilities and developing SMEs’ capabilities. This paper contributes new insights into the evolving role of LGs in LED, including both current experimentation, challenges, and future opportunities.Points for practitioners A growing number of Australian local governments pursue LED through their Chinese sister city relationships. Supporting the internationalisation of SMEs is an emerging component of local government pursuit of LED. International engagement of local governments has necessitated enhanced capacities in human, external, and financial resources. Findings highlight the unique and often overlooked role of local‐to‐local diplomatic and economic relations.

Implementasi Sister City dalam Menanggulangi Isu Lingkungan Hidup: Studi Kasus Kendari dan La Rochelle

The purpose of this research was to determine the form of sister city cooperation carried out by the Kendari City Government and Communauté D'Agglomération De La Rochelle in 2015-2018. This research uses qualitative research methods, by collecting data and information from sources through interviews and literature study. The results indicate a form of collaboration carried out by the Kendari City Government and Communauté D'Angglomération De La Rochelle, namely the exchange of information in the form of sending experts and training. In the clean water services field, the form of cooperation was to increase the production and network of drinking water in the Kendari City area by carrying out a pilot project for the provision of drinking water for 24 hours / day and can be drunk immediately. In the city hygiene management field, the form of cooperation focused on sorting and managing waste in Kendari City. From the sister city collaboration, there were increasement in the experts’ skill and knowledge in Kendari City.

Examining Economic Significance of Sister City Networks: A Perspective of Newcastle and City of uMhlathuze, South Africa

Examining Economic Significance of Sister City Networks: A Perspective of Newcastle and City of uMhlathuze, South Africa

AAUW leader works to support opportunities for women

The travel bug hit Gloria Blackwell in middle school. Having taken her first French class and discovering she was really good at languages, she soon found herself part of a group of students involved with a sister city exchange in France.

UPAYA PENANGANAN DAN PENCEGAHAN PEMERINTAH INDONESIA TERHADAP KASUS PENYANDERAAN WARGA NEGARA INDONESIA OLEH KELOMPOK ABU SAYYAF

This study goals to explain for the crimes that happen inside the Sulu Sea including kidnapping Indonesian citizens including the hostage of Indonesian citizens who led to the demand for ransom. This study uses qualitative research methods and the data sources are from studies of journals or reports from institutes or scientific writing. The reason of this study is to provide an explanation for how the Indonesian Government manages the kidnapping and Indonesia Goverment has the obligation to maintain the safety and security of its citizens, including the hostage incident by the Abu Sayyaf group and to provide an overview of the prevention efforts carried out. To analyze in this study, the author uses the concepts and theories are maritime piracy, maritime security, and international cooperation. The outcomes of this study, the handling of hostage-taking Indonesian citizens (WNI) by the Abu Sayyaf changed into carried out by the Government of Indonesia by conducting negotiations, both closed and open negotiations. Prevention efforts executed by the Government of Indonesia are by establishing cooperation Indomalphi with Malaysia and the Philippines. After the Indomalphi cooperation, there is no data showing the recurrence of Indonesian citizens being held hostage by the Abu Sayyaf group. The recommendation of advice in this paper is as a long-term prevention effort is the establishment of regional development cooperation and economic development between Indonesia and the southern Philippines. Cooperation in the field of culture, education, and in the social field. So that the cooperation is expected to build a close relationship between the two countries (sister city) can prevent the Abu Sayyaf group from kidnapping and hostage to Indonesian citizens.

Efektifitas Hubungan Kerjasama Green Sister City Kota Surabaya dengan Kitakyushu

This study aims to see the relationship of Sister City cooperation between the city of Surabaya and Kitakyushu in realizing the Green City of Surabaya. The focus of this research is to determine the effectiveness of the relationship between the two countries in realizing the Green City of Surabaya. This study uses an analytical method based on secondary data obtained from books, journals, and news in accordance with the research analyzed by the author. A qualitative approach is used to see the phenomenon of research that focuses on the effectiveness of the relationship between the Sister City of Surabaya and Kitakyushu in realizing the Green City of Surabaya. The results of this study indicate that there are policies and programs of cooperation between the city of Surabaya and Kitakyushu in the Sister City relationship in order to realize a more effective relationship in realizing the Green City of Surabaya. The cooperation between the two cities is known to have existed since 1997 but encountered various obstacles, so that in 2012 a Sister City collaboration was established with various policies and programs that were more effective in realizing the Green City of Surabaya. The collaboration between the two cities focuses on overcoming environmental problems that are often experienced by industrial cities in the world.

The Gateway to the Pacific: Japanese Americans and the Remaking of San Francisco

The Gateway to the Pacific: Japanese Americans and the Remaking of San Francisco

Bandung Cooperation with Braunschweig (Germany) in Realizing Smart City

The Bandung City has carried out various international cooperations to obtain investments in the long or short term, support for infrastructure development, youth exchanges, cooperation in culture, and receipt of fees and grant funds. One of the various cooperations is the efforts of Bandung in paradiplomacy through the sister city concept. This study is necessary because Bandung and Braunschweig have carried out the Sister City Program from 1960 to 2021. This research is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach, examining why Bandung maintains cooperation with Braunschweig (Germany), running for more than 40 years. This article employed data collected from journals, news in the mass media, and information from the official websites of related parties as supporting references. In answering the research question, the author utilized the concepts of smart city and sister city. This study discovered that Bandung maintained its cooperation with Braunschweig due to its interest in building a smart city.

The Implementation of Sister City Agreement on Tourism between the Special Region of Yogyakarta Indonesia and Kyoto Japan

Sister City between Yogyakarta and Kyoto is one of the most active cooperations in Indonesia. This cooperation covers various fields such as academics, economy, culture, and tourism. This paper focuses merely on the tourism sector program from 2015 to 2018 because Yogyakarta and Kyoto are famous tourism destinations. Moreover, from 2015 to 2018, there was a significant increase in Japanese tourists coming to Yogyakarta. It prompts an investigation on ‘how did the implementation of the cooperative agreement in tourism from 2015 to 2018 between the Special Region of Yogyakarta and Kyoto lead to mutual benefits?’. It is underpinned by two theoretical frameworks: the sister city concept and cultural diplomacy. This research aims to unpack the implementation of the Sister City Program between the Special Region of Yogyakarta and Kyoto in tourism from 2015 to 2018. This research revealed successful cooperation related to disaster risk and tourism management, promotion, and information.

The Impact of Sister City Surabaya-Kitakyushu Cooperation on Environmental Development in Surabaya

Surabaya is one of the largest cities in East Java and the Mayor of Surabaya has played an active role in improving infrastructure in recent years to realize a green city or better known as eco-city. This active role is motivated by the status of Surabaya which is classified as the region with the highest environmental pollution in East Java. The purpose of this study is to find out the environmental impact of the Surabaya Green City Plan implemented by the Surabaya City Government and Kitakyushu Shuangcheng. According to the authors of this study, it is interesting because participation in the sister city program between Surabaya and Kitakyushu has had a positive impact on Surabaya's environment. This research uses qualitative methods and gathers reliable sources as research references. To answer the research question, researchers usedgreen polyt ik theory and the concept of twin cities. The results of the study show that surabaya's city governance is now much better with green open space along its path, which makes Surabaya known as one of the best cities for waste management in Indonesia.