Simultaneous Determination Of Lidocaine Research Articles

Simultaneous determination of lidocaine and its active metabolites in plasma by UPLC–MS/MS and application to a clinical pharmacokinetic study in liver cancer patients with laparoscopic hepatectomy

Lidocaine, widely used as a local anesthetic, has anti-inflammatory and inhibitory effects on tumor recurrence and metastasis. To investigate the pharmacokinetics of lidocaine in liver cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic hepatectomy, a fast and sensitive analytical technique was developed. The method was adequately validated with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) to simultaneously determine the concentration of lidocaine and its metabolites in plasma. The chromatographic separation was achieved on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.7 µm) by gradient elution with a mobile phase of A (formic acid–water (1:1000, v/v)) and B (formic acid-acetonitrile (1:1000, v/v)). The accuracy and precision were verified within the concentration ranges of 10–5000 ng/mL for lidocaine, 2–1000 ng/mL for monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX) and 2–500 ng/mL for glycinexylidide (GX). The selectivity, carry-over effect, interference between the analytes and internal standard (IS), precision and accuracy, matrix effect extraction recovery, dilution integrity and stability were satisfactory for the relevant guideline standards. The method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of lidocaine in liver cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic hepatectomy. After receiving a bolus and continuous infusion, the mean peak concentration of lidocaine was 2097 ng/mL for lidocaine, 336.6 ng/mL for MEGX and 72.66 ng/mL for GX, respectively. The mean peak time was 2.89 h for lidocaine, 5.14 h for MEGX and 9.88 h for GX, respectively. In addition, the mean half-life was 4.19 h for lidocaine and 6.92 h for MEGX. In this study, we found that the metabolism of lidocaine and MEGX might be affected by the hepatic blood flow occlusion or liver injury.

Simultaneous Determination of Lidocaine and its Active Metabolites in Plasma by UPLC–MS/MS and Application to a Clinical Pharmacokinetic Study in Liver Cancer Patients with Laparoscopic Hepatectomy

Simultaneous Determination of Lidocaine and its Active Metabolites in Plasma by UPLC–MS/MS and Application to a Clinical Pharmacokinetic Study in Liver Cancer Patients with Laparoscopic Hepatectomy

Individual and simultaneous electroanalytical sensing of epinephrine and lidocaine using an anodically pretreated boron-doped diamond electrode by square-wave voltammetry

In this study, the individual and simultaneous determination of lidocaine (LID) and epinephrine (EP) were examined using an anodically pretreated boron-doped diamond (APT-BDD) electrode. The results of cyclic voltammograms of the binary mixtures of EP and LID were manifested by two irreversible and diffusion-controlled peaks at about +0.91 V (for EP) and +1.67 V (for LID) in Britton-Robinson buffer at pH 2.0. The dependence of oxidation peak potential and current on experimental and instrumental parameters was also investigated at the surface of the APT-BDD electrode. Under the optimal conditions, employing square-wave voltammetric mode, the APT-BDD electrode was used for determination of LID and EP simultaneously in the ranges of 0.1–20.0 μmol L−1 and 1.0–100.0 μmol L−1, with detection limits of 0.03 μmol L−1 and 0.27 μmol L−1, respectively. The proposed approach could be used for their determination individually and selectively (in the case of EP) in pharmaceutical dosage forms with acceptable recoveries.

Simultaneous Determination of Lidocaine, Proline and Lomefloxacin in Human Urine by CE with Electrochemiluminescence Detection

A new method was developed for the simultaneous determination of lidocaine, proline and lomefloxacin in human urine by capillary electrophoresis-electrochemiluminescence detection with Ru(bpy)3 2+. Conditions of the separation and detection were investigated and optimized. It was proved that 20 mM phosphate buffer at pH 6.7 could achieve the most favorable resolution, and the high sensitivity of detection was obtained by using the detection potential at 1.15 V and 5 mM Ru(bpy)3 2+–60 mM phosphate buffer at pH 7.6 in the detection reservoir. The detection limits were 0.02 μg mL−1 for lidocaine, 0.03 μg mL−1 for proline and 0.06 μg mL−1 for lomefloxacin. Relative standard deviations of the ECL intensity and the migration time were 3.5 and 1.1% for 6 μg mL−1 lidocaine, 3.2 and 1.0% for 6 μg mL−1 proline and 3.7 and 1.2% for 6 μg mL−1 lomefloxacin, respectively. A baseline separation for lidocaine, proline and lomefloxacin was achieved within 360 s. The developed method was successfully applied to determine the amounts of lidocaine, proline and lomefloxacin in human urine. The recovery and RSD were in the range of 93.3–97.2 and 3.8–4.9%, respectively.

Simultaneous determination of local anesthetics including ester-type anesthetics in human plasma and urine by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry with solid-phase extraction

The present study describes the simultaneous determination of seven different kinds of local anesthetics and one metabolite by GC–MS with solid-state extraction: Mepivacaine, propitocaine, lidocaine, procaine (an ester-type local anesthetics), cocaine, tetracaine (an ester-type local anesthetics), dibucaine (Dib) and monoethylglycinexylidide (a metabolite of lidocaine) were clearly separated from each other and simultaneously determined by GC–MS using a DB-1 open tubular column. Their recoveries ranged from 73–95% at the target concentrations of 1.00, 10.0 and 100 μg/ml in plasma, urine and water. Coefficients of variation of the recoveries ranged from 2.3–13.1% at these concentrations. The quantitation limits of the method were approximately 100 ng/ml for monoethylglycinexylidide, propitocaine, procaine, cocaine, tetracaine and dibucaine, and 50 ng/ml for lidocaine and mepivacaine. This method was applied to specimens of patients who had been treated with drip infusion of lidocaine, and revealed that simultaneous determination of lidocaine and monoethylglycinexylidide in the blood and urine was possible.

Simultaneous Determination of Lidocaine, Bupivacaine, and Their Two Main Metabolites Using Gas Chromatography and a Nitrogen-Phosphorus Detector: Selection of Stationary Phase and Chromatographic Conditions

Simultaneous Determination of Lidocaine, Bupivacaine, and Their Two Main Metabolites Using Gas Chromatography and a Nitrogen-Phosphorus Detector: Selection of Stationary Phase and Chromatographic Conditions

Simultaneous determination of lidocaine, prilocaine and the prilocaine metabolite o-toluidine in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography

An HPLC assay is described for the measurement of prilocaine and lidocaine (components of the local anesthetic cream EMLA) as well as the prilocaine metabolite, o-toluidine, in plasma. The method uses UV detection, is simple, sensitive and most important, only a single 200-μl plasma sample is needed for simultaneous analysis of prilocaine, lidocaine and o-toluidine with a detection limit of 4 ng/ml. The plasma, together with the internal standard (bupivacaine) is extracted with diethyl ether under alkaline conditions, followed by the extraction of the analytes from the organic phase into dilute sulphuric acid. An aliquot of the acid extract is injected onto the HPLC system and the effluent is monitored by a UV detector.

Simultaneous determination of lidocaine, mexiletine, disopyramide, and quinidine in plasma by high performance liquid chromatography.

A high performance liquid chromatographic method is described for the simultaneous quantitation of four commonly prescribed antiarrhythmic drugs: lidocaine, mexiletine, disopyramide, and quinidine. An isocratic system using a reverse phase column was used to separate these compounds. Coefficients of variation were less than 4%.

Simultaneous determination of lidocaine and its deethylated metabolites using gas—liquid chromatography with nitrogen—phosphorus detection

Simultaneous determination of lidocaine and its deethylated metabolites using gas—liquid chromatography with nitrogen—phosphorus detection

Simultaneous determination of lidocaine and its metabolites in plasma and myocardium

No validated method exists for measuring lidocaine and its metabolites in myocardial tissue. We modified a previously described high-performance liquid chromatographic assay and applied it to plasma and to homogenized myocardial samples obtained from dogs that had received lidocaine by a double-infusion technique. Recovery of lidocaine, monoethylglycylxylidide and glycylxylidide after homogenization and extraction is reported. Assay variability, sensitivity and linearity over a wide range of sample sizes are also described. The results obtained with high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis are compared to quantitation of 14C-labeled lidocaine plus metabolites measured by an oxidation—scintillation technique. Myocardium to plasma partition coefficients for lidocaine, monoethylglycylxylidide and glycylxylidide were 2.16, 4.27, and 2.91, respectively.

High-performance liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of lidocaine and its N-dealkylated metabolites in plasma.

High-performance liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of lidocaine and its N-dealkylated metabolites in plasma.

Simultaneous Determination of Lidocaine (Lignocaine) and Thiopental in Plasma Using High Pressure-Liquid Chromatography

Abstract A sensitive and precise high-pressure liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous quantitation of lidocaine (lignocaine) and thiopental in 0.5 ml samples of plasma is described. Extraction was conducted at pH 7.0 using ethyl acetate, and bupivicaine was employed as an internal standard. The drugs were eluted from a reversed-phase column using a mobile phase consisting of aceton-itrile/0.2 M phosphate buffer pH 4.0 (1:9) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The drugs were detected and quantified by their UV absorption at 205 nm. The sensitivity limits of detection for lidocaine and thiopental were 1 ug/ml and 5 ug/ml, respectively. Atropine, caffeine and meperidine were found to have interfering retention times.

The simultaneous determination of lidocaine and procainamide in serum by use of high pressure liquid chromatography

This report describes an accurate, sensitive rapid procedure for the determination of lidocaine and procainamide at therapeutic concentrations in serum. The drugs and an added internal standard (procaine) are extracted from serum using charcoal adsorption. The analysis is carried out by high pressure liquid chromatography on a reverse-phase column using buffered aqueous acetonitrile as the mobile phase. Chromatography is complete in 10 min.C.V. values of 10% and 6% for concentrations of 1 mg/1 and 20 mg/1, respectively, are attainable routinely. Total analysis time is 15 min.