This study investigates the optimal configuration of a photovoltaic system to operate a home refrigerator with a power consumption of 130 watts. The research focuses on the city of Miliana, Algeria, analyzing the effects of local solar radiation and ambient temperature on battery charging dynamics throughout the year. Using MATLAB simulation techniques, we identified a 450 W solar panel coupled with a 150 Ah battery as the most efficient configuration to meet the power requirements of the refrigerator. Our findings highlight the fast charging capability of this PV system, achieving fast battery charging while maintaining a balance between energy production and consumption. However, we have also determined that increasing battery capacity beyond this limit results in longer charging times, shorter battery life cycles, and higher costs, which are counterproductive to the PV refrigerator-coupled system. The study emphasizes the importance of incorporating local climate conditions into the design of solar energy systems to ensure robust and sustainable energy solutions. The proposed configuration promises to reduce dependence on traditional energy sources, encourage the use of renewable energy in residential environments, and enhance environmental sustainability. Future research should evaluate these configurations in diverse geographic locations to validate and optimize the system for broader application, and explore advanced battery technologies to further improve efficiency and longevity.