Simplified Mode Research Articles

Research on Online Shopping Return Mode in “New Retail” Era

Through B2C/C2C platform, online shopping has realized the simplified mode of factory—retailer—consumer. With the rapid development of online shopping and retail industry, consumers’ requirements for online shopping and retail services are gradually raising. At present, the size of the new retail market is only 38.94 billion yuan, while as the formation of user habits and the innovation of new retail mode, there is great potential for future growth. It is estimated that the total market size will reach 1.8 billion yuan in 2022. This article analyzes the reasons and existing problems of online shopping return in the “new retail” era, analyzes the logistics modes of online shopping return, self-run shopping return, the third-party return and the alliance return. This paper adopts the method of empirical research to analyze the return of online shopping.

Structure Design and Mobility Analysis of a Climbing Robot

RiSE and LEMUR IIB have good climbing ability. Inspired by these two robots, a new climbing robot with simplified motion mode and strong load capacity is proposed. In this paper, the structure of the robot is introduced detailedly. Through the dynamic analysis of its leg and body, the torque of the traction and swing motor under various driving modes are obtained. Static analysis of the robot’s claw is also carried out during the climbing process. Meanwhile, the equivalent tangential force and normal force required for the claw attached to the wall are described. The results indicate that the robot has high mobility and can successfully realize the climbing movement.

EGSnrc/BEAMnrc-Based Monte Carlo Simulation of the Gamma Knife 4C versus MCNP Code in Homogeneous Media

Purpose: Gamma Knife is applied as a superseded tool for inaccessible lesions surgery delivering a single high dose to a well-defined target through 201 small beams. Monte Carlo simulations can be an appropriate supplementary tool to determine dosimetric parameters in small fields due to the related dosimetry hardships. Materials and Methods: EGSnrc/BEAMnrc Monte Carlo code was implemented to model Gamma Knife 4C. Single channel geometry comprising stationary and helmet collimators was simulated. A point source was considered as a cylindrical Cobalt source based on the simplified source channel mode. All of the 201 source channels were arranged in spherical coordinate by EGSnrc/DOSXYZnrc code to calculate dose profiles. The simulated profiles at the isocentre point in a spherical head phantom 160 mm in diameter along three axes for 4, 8, 14, and 18 mm field sizes were compared to those obtained by another work using MCNP code. Results: Based on the results, the BEAMnrc and MCNP dose profiles matched well apart from the 18 mm profiles along X and Y directions with the average gamma index of 1.36 and 1.18, respectively. BEAMnrc profiles for 14 and 18 mm field sizes along X and Y axes were entirely flat in plateau region, whereas MCNP profiles represented variations as well as round shape. Besides, considering the identical results, radioactive source can be modeled by a point source instead of cylindrical one. Conclusion: Thus, the EGSnrc/BEAMnrc code is recommended to simulate Gamma Knife machine as it is regarded as the most accurate computer program to simulate photon and electron interactions.

Convective Dynamics and the Response of Precipitation Extremes to Warming in Radiative–Convective Equilibrium

AbstractTropical precipitation extremes are expected to strengthen with warming, but quantitative estimates remain uncertain because of a poor understanding of changes in convective dynamics. This uncertainty is addressed here by analyzing idealized convection-permitting simulations of radiative–convective equilibrium in long-channel geometry. Across a wide range of climates, the thermodynamic contribution to changes in instantaneous precipitation extremes follows near-surface moisture, and the dynamic contribution is positive and small but is sensitive to domain size. The shapes of mass flux profiles associated with precipitation extremes are determined by conditional sampling that favors strong vertical motion at levels where the vertical saturation specific humidity gradient is large, and mass flux profiles collapse to a common shape across climates when plotted in a moisture-based vertical coordinate. The collapse, robust to changes in microphysics and turbulence schemes, implies a thermodynamic contribution that scales with near-surface moisture despite substantial convergence aloft and allows the dynamic contribution to be defined by the pressure velocity at a single level. Linking the simplified dynamic mode to vertical velocities from entraining plume models reveals that the small dynamic mode in channel simulations (2% K−1) is caused by opposing height dependences of vertical velocity and density, together with the buffering influence of cloud-base buoyancies that vary little with surface temperature. These results reinforce an emerging picture of the response of extreme tropical precipitation rates to warming: a thermodynamic mode of about 7% K−1 dominates, with a minor contribution from changes in dynamics.

Effect of Light Simplified Cultivation Mode on Growth and Yield of Rice under Straw Returning Condition

In order to study the application of light and simplified cultivation mode in straw returning field. In the experiment, two treatments of straw returning and non-straw returning were used under the light simplified cultivation mode, and the differences of tiller number, dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, chlorophyll and yield were studied. Field cultivation experiments were carried out with Jihong 9 and Jinongda 138. The results showed that the yields of Jihong 9 and Jinongda138 straw returning to the field under the light and simplified cultivation mode were 2.00% and 3.63% higher than those under the non-straw returning mode. The total grain number in the yield components increased by 3.35% and 11.60% respectively. Dry matter increased by 19.70% and 7.66% in mature period. The leaf area index (LAI) and SPAD value in the later period of straw returning were higher than those in the non-straw returning, and the number of effective tillers was lower. Light and simplified cultivation can be used as a new mode of rice high-yield cultivation under straw returning, which improves the total grain number, leaf area index, SPAD value and dry matter in the later stage, and increases rice yield. The yield advantage of Jinongda 138 under straw returning (SJ138) is more significant.

Virtual pole method applied at the profiling of the gear shaped cutter tool for generating a K-type bore

The “virtual pole” method allows profiling of the cutting tools that generate by rolling. This mode of generation is advantageous in terms of the accuracy of the geometric shape obtained. The mentioned method combines the analytical accuracy of profiling with a simplified calculation mode, compared to the established algorithms. The paper presents an application made on the basis of the “virtual pole” method, for the profiling of the gear shaped tool, designed to generate the bore of a bush with a K-profile. Based on this methodology, in house software was developed for the type of profile mentioned above. The program allows the numerical and graphical representation of the profile to be generated, the contact curve and the profile of the generating tool.

Flow Characteristics of a Supersonic Open Cavity

An open cavity flow exhibits intense self-sustained oscillations. This transient behavior stimulates violent pressure fluctuations because of multiple-order cavity tones. Detached eddy simulation was conducted to simulate the cavity flow at the freestream Mach number of 1.19. In order to improve the understanding of the shear layer convection processes and frequency characteristics the velocity of the flow field at cavity mid-span was studied using the dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) algorithm. The first three modes of the supersonic cavity flow were extracted to describe the flow configuration at the dominant frequencies. The two-vortices, three-vortices, and four-vortices are the corresponding first three DMD modes. The simplified mode structures are proposed to explain the flow dynamics in a supersonic cavity. When a feedback compression wave encounters the extrusion wave at a special location, an “analogous sonic boom” phenomenon appears causing violent noise in the cavity.

Quality Improvement Initiative to Reduce Nighttime Noise in a Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Unit.

Sleep is an essential biologic function vital for physiologic rest, healing, and emotional well-being. Sleep disruption is commonly seen in patients and caregivers with lengthy hospital stays such as patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and cellular therapy (TCT). Sleep disruption can lead to increased stress and fatigue, affecting caregivers' ability to support their loved one. The global aim of our quality improvement initiative was to improve sleep quality in TCT patients and caregivers. The smart aim of our project was to decrease nighttime hallway noise from 47 dB to 43 dB and decrease the number of overnight noise peaks greater than 60 dB from 865 to 432 in 6 months. Through a cross-sectional quantitative and qualitative evaluation of sleep we had previously identified poor sleep quality, and with a cross-sectional focus group analysis of patients, caregivers, and medical staff we identified the factors associated with poor sleep. Hallway noise was a major factor. A simplified failure mode analysis identified 4 main key drivers; unobtrusive nighttime cleaning process, nighttime awareness maintenance system, quiet nighttime nursing system, and reliable nighttime awareness system. Several plan-do-study-act interventions took place and were adopted. From January to June 2018 the overnight mean decibel level decreased from 47 dB to 44 dB (6% reduction). Overnight noise spikes above 60 dB decreased from a mean of 865 spikes to a mean of 463 spikes (46% reduction). With a quality improvement initiative, we identified the causes of hallway nighttime hospital unit noise that negatively impact sleep and through a team-based approach performed interventions that successfully mitigated these factors.

Analysis of Influence of Hinge Condition on Overall Mechanical Performance of Hollow Slab Beam

The concrete hinge joint is a widely used connection method for the assembled hollow slab bridge, and it is also a place where the disease is extremely easy to appear. Through the study of four different simplified calculation modes of the hinge joint, the transverse distribution coefficient of the hollow slab beam under different working conditions is compared and analyzed, and the influence of the hinge joint on the overall mechanical performance of the structure under different working conditions is obtained. It is found that the difference of the simplified mode has a great influence on the calculation of the lateral distribution of the bridge; the complete failure of the joint will lead to a drastic change in the lateral distribution coefficient of adjacent hollow slab beams, and even the phenomenon of single beam appear. At the same time, combined with the research results, reasonable suggestions for the design stage and actual operation stage of hinge joint of the hollow slab beam are put forward.

Quality Improvement Initiative to Improve Sleep in Pediatric HSCT Patients and Caregivers

Background Sleep is an essential biological function vital for physiological rest, healing and emotional well-being. Sleep disruption, defined as interruptions or alterations to the normal sleeping patterns, is commonly seen in patients and caregivers with lengthy hospital stays such as patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). Sleep disruption in the caregivers of hospitalized patients can lead to increased stress and fatigue, decrease quality of life and ultimately affect the caregiver ability to support their loved one. Methods Through a longitudinal observational cohort study, the quality and quantity of sleep in pediatric patients undergoing HSCT and their caregivers was studied; we identified a high level of sleep disturbance utilizing actigraphy and recounted poor sleep through qualitative assessments. We then performed a cross sectional focus group analysis of patients, caregivers and medical staff to identify the factors associated with poor sleep. The global aim of our quality improvement initiative was to improve sleep quality in HSCT patients and caregivers. The smart aim of our project was to decrease nighttime noise from 46 decibels (dB) (mean baseline data) to 38dB (WHO recommends night outside noise of less than 40dB) in a 6 month period and increase sleep efficacy from a mean of 60 % (combined patient and caregiver) to 90% in the following 6 month period. We worked on achieving this goal through an overnight nighttime sleep hygiene bundle to decrease sleep disruption along with reduction of the hallway nighttime noise (9pm-7am). Results The most common factors associated with sleep disruption were noisy room entries, overnight trash pulls, loud hallway noise and noisy hospital staff. A simplified failure mode analysis identified four main key drivers; reliable nighttime awareness system, quiet nighttime nursing system, unobtrusive nighttime cleaning process and nighttime awareness maintenance system. Several PDSA (plan-do-study-act) interventions for each key driver took place and were adapted. The overnight mean dB decreased to 42dB (9% reduction). Overnight noise spikes above 60dB have decreased from a mean of 271 spikes to a mean of 151 spikes (44% reduction). Percentage of sleep efficacy results and follow up of quantitative and qualitative sleep assessments of patients and caregivers will be available by February 2019. Conclusions With a quality improvement initiative, we identified factors that negatively impact sleep and performed interventions that successfully mitigate these factors, leading to improved quality of sleep in HSCT patients and their caregivers.

Sleep quality in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients and caregivers.

165 Background: Sleep is an essential biological function vital for physiological rest, healing and emotional well-being. Sleep disruption, defined as alterations to the normal sleeping patterns, is commonly seen in patients and caregivers with lengthy hospital stays. Sleep disruption in caregivers can lead to increased stress and fatigue, decrease quality of life and ultimately affect the caregiver ability to support their loved one. Methods: We studied through a longitudinal observational cohort study, the quality and quantity of sleep in pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and their caregivers; we identified a high level of sleep disturbance utilizing actigraphy and recounted poor sleep through qualitative assessments. We then performed a cross sectional focus group analysis of patients/caregivers and medical staff to identify the factors associated with poor sleep. The global aim of our quality improvement initiative was to improve sleep quality in HSCT patients and caregivers through a reduction of the nighttime noise (9pm-7am) in the bone marrow transplant unit, from 46 decibels (dB) (mean baseline data) to 38dB (WHO recommends night outside noise of less than 40dB) in a 6 month period. Results: We identified the factors associated with sleep disruption; noisy room entries, overnight trash pulls, loud hallway noise and hospital staff. A simplified failure mode analysis identified four main key drivers; reliable nighttime awareness system, quiet nighttime nursing system, unobtrusive nighttime cleaning process and awareness maintenance system. Several PDSA (plan, do, study, and act) interventions took place and were adopted. After four months the overnight mean dB have decreased to 42dB (9% reduction). Overnight noise spikes above 60dB have decreased from a mean of 271 spikes to a mean of 151 spikes (44% reduction). By September 2018 we expect further decrease in spikes and overnight dB and follow up quantitative and qualitative sleep assessments. Conclusions: With a quality improvement initiative, we identified factors that negatively impact sleep and performed interventions that successfully mitigate these factors, leading to improve quality of sleep in HSCT patients and caregivers.

Optimizing landslide susceptibility mapping in the Kongtong District, NW China: comparing the subdivision criteria of factors

The standards applied to reclassify landslide-conditioning factors differ among studies and may change the accuracy of identifying landslide-prone areas. Therefore, we identified two standards per factor (elevation, aspect, slope, proximity to roads and proximity to streams) from the existing literature and set them as predisposing criteria in this paper. In addition to the five factors, lithology represented by types and a landslide inventory map produced from field surveys were also used in mapping. Thirty-two landslide susceptibility maps were generated based on weights-of-evidence and evaluated using the relative operative characteristic method. The results show that the subdivision criteria of factors change the accuracy, with the success rate varying from 84.34% to 87.51%. The map with the highest value captures more landslides in relatively higher susceptibility classes and is therefore considered the optimal one. Ultimately, a simplified mode of combining subdivision criteria is proposed to simplify comparison.

Dynamic modeling and analysis of flexible H-type gantry stage

Conventionally, the dynamic modeling of H-type gantry stage(HGS) assumes that the stiffness of mid-beam is extremely high so that its deformation is ignorable. This assumption apparently simplifies the study, but unavoidably compromises the modeling precision as it is not consistent with the real working status especially at high frequency motion. Comparing with similar studies on moving mass problems, the beam vibration of HGS is excited not only by the moving mass and system acceleration but also by the non-synchronized motion of the two moving ends of mid-beam. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to propose an assumed mode method based on simplified mode shapes(AMM-SMS) by simultaneously considering the lateral flexibility and the motion of the ends of mid-beam. The proposed AMM-SMS adopts the mode shapes of a simplified system, which has the same geometry boundary condition(BC) with the investigated system, to discretize the nonlinear kinematic equations of the proposed system. This method improves the modeling precision with low complexity, and can be applied in different BCs of FHGS. The proposed method is verified by various comparisons with the finite element method. Based on the AMM-SMS, the first three natural frequencies and mode shapes are studied. The open-loop responses of the system are obtained to analyze the effects of different BCs, of the motion of end-effector and of the external exciting force on the vibratory behavior.

Numerical simulation study on effectiveness of shielding structure on ultrasonic transmission tomography

Ultrasonic tomography (UT) is a non-invasive multiphase flow detection technique. In ultrasonic transmission tomography, reconstruction images are derived from a direct wave signal transmitted through the materials in the sensing area. The maximum values of the received direct wave from the reference pattern and the measured pattern are normally used to reconstruct the images. The speed of sound in the pipe wall and the materials in the sensing area affect the received signal. This in turn affects image quality—especially when the arrival time of the direct wave propagated through the sensing area is close to the arrival time of the direct wave propagated through the pipe wall. Here, we describe a novel shielding structure for ultrasonic transmission tomography. The relative variation ratio (RVR) is defined and used to evaluate the validity of the shielding structure. Larger RVR values imply better signal resolution and better signal suppression. A simplified mode is discussed including the influence of the shielding structure’s design parameters on the received direct wave. The optimized shielding structure size was determined. A comparison of the results between the normal pipe and the shielding pipe indicated that the RVR increased from 57.25 to 91.27%. This proves that the shielding structure can suppress the effect of the signal from the pipe wall on received direct wave signals.

Time‐domain integration methods of exponentially damped linear systems

SummaryIn this paper, three new kinds of time‐domain numerical methods of exponentially damped systems are presented, namely, the simplified Newmark integration method, the precise integration method, and the simplified complex mode superposition method. Based on the traditional Newmark integration method and transforming the equation of motion with exponentially damping kernel functions into an equivalent second‐order equation of motion by using the internal variables technique, the simplified Newmark integration method is developed by using a decoupling technique to reduce the computer run time and storage. By transforming the equation of motion with exponentially damping kernel functions into a first‐order state‐space equation, the precise integration technique is used to numerically solve the state‐space equation. Based on a symmetric state‐space equation and the complex mode superposition method, a delicate and simplified general solution of exponentially damped linear systems, completely in real‐value form, is developed. The accuracy and efficiency of the developed numerical methods are compared and discussed by two benchmark examples.

Case Report: Persistent Acromegaly – Effective Therapy with Lanreotide and Weekly Pegvisomant Injections

Abstract Objective Therapeutic options for persistent acromegaly after surgery include another surgical approach, radiotherapy, medical therapy or a combination of these procedures. We describe a patient with persistent acromegaly despite heavy pre-treatment who was in need of a simplified mode of effective therapy. Methods In a 45-year old patient after transsphenoidal pituitary surgery followed by linear accelerator irradiation of the residual tumor two years later acromegaly could not be controlled by a tolerable dosage of intramuscular octreotide LAR. For professional reasons the patient requested a simplified mode of treatment. Results In order to improve efficacy and treatment convenience, we combined subcutaneous injections of lanreotide up to 120 mg monthly performed by the patient’s spouse and of pegvisomant 80 mg weekly conducted by the patient himself. This therapy was well tolerated and satisfactory endocrine control was achieved. Magnetic resonance imaging did not show any remaining tumor within a year. 5 years following surgery and 3 years following irradiation pegvisomant could be stopped and levels of insulin growth factor 1 and growth hormone remained in the normal range. The interval of lanreotide given subcutaneously by the patient’s spouse could be extended stepwise and somatostatin analog treatment was terminated after 7.5 years when the patient was cured. Conclusions Excessive growth hormone secretion persisting after pituitary surgery and irradiation can be controlled in a convenient way for the patient with acromegaly by combining monthly lanreotide and weekly pegvisomant injections, if monotherapy with a somatostatin analog fails.

Towards quantitative magnetic particle imaging: A comparison with magnetic particle spectroscopy

Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is a quantitative imaging modality with promising features for several biomedical applications. Here, we study quantitatively the raw data obtained during MPI measurements. We present a method for the calibration of the MPI scanner output using measurements from a magnetic particle spectrometer (MPS) to yield data in units of magnetic moments. The calibration technique is validated in a simplified MPI mode with a 1D excitation field. Using the calibrated results from MPS and MPI, we determine and compare the detection limits for each system. The detection limits were found to be 5·10-12 Am2 for MPS and 3.6·10-10 Am2 for MPI. Finally, the quantitative information contained in a standard MPI measurement with a 3D excitation is analyzed and compared to the previous results, showing a decrease in signal amplitudes of the odd harmonics related to the case of 1D excitation. We propose physical explanations for all acquired results; and discuss the possible benefits for the improvement of MPI technology.

LINEAR ELECTROMAGNETIC ARRAY ARTIFICIAL MUSCLE DESIGN AND SIMULATION FOR A QUADRUPED ROBOT

A linear electromagnetic array-type artificial muscle structure and its biological neural control model are proposed to improve the multiped robot driving performance. From the standpoint of engineering bionics, based on the microstructure of skeletal muscle, the simplified array mode of skeletal muscle and the linear electromagnetic array artificial muscle are proposed. And in order to calculate the output force displacement performance of the artificial muscle actuator, an artificial muscle nerve stimulation conduction control mode is designed by simulating the biological neural control model. Taking a quadruped robot as the application object, the dynamic characteristics of the artificial muscle are simulated and successfully verified.

Tryby postępowania dla egzekucji sądowej z nieruchomości

W pierwszej części artykułu dokonano ogólnej charakterystyki prawnej uproszczonej egzekucji z nieruchomości, unormowanej w art. 10131–10136 k.p.c. W tym zakresie przyjęto, że egzekucja ta nie jest odrębnym rodzajem egzekucji, sposobem egzekucji świadczeń pieniężnych, lecz szczególnym rodzajem egzekucji z nieruchomości, występującym obok zwykłej egzekucji z nieruchomości unormowanej w art. 921–1013 k.p.c. Uproszczoną egzekucję z nieruchomości trzeba ujmować wyłącznie w kategorii trybu postępowania egzekucyjnego, mającego na celu przeprowadzenie uproszczonej egzekucji z nieruchomości. W drugiej części artykułu przedstawione zostały konsekwencje procesowe przyjętej kwalifikacji uproszczonej egzekucji z nieruchomości. W tym zakresie przyjęto, że przepisy o uproszczonej egzekucji z nieruchomości mają charakter iuris cogentis. Decyzję co do zastosowania uproszczonego trybu egzekucji z nieruchomości komornik sądowy podejmuje z urzędu. Bez znaczenia pozostaje w tym zakresie wniosek wierzyciela. Komornik sądowy na każdym etapie postępowania egzekucyjnego obejmującego egzekucję z nieruchomości bada z urzędu, czy egzekucja ta jest prowadzona we właściwym trybie. W razie stwierdzenia niewłaściwości trybu postępowania egzekucyjnego komornik powinien zmienić go na tryb właściwy. W końcowej części artykułu przedstawione zostały warunki i konsekwencje procesowe zmiany trybu postępowania egzekucyjnego obejmującego egzekucję z nieruchomości.

Management of Brugada Syndrome 2016: Should All High Risk Patients Receive an ICD? Alternatives to Implantable Cardiac Defibrillator Therapy for Brugada Syndrome.

More than 20 years ago, the Brugada brothers reported 8 patients with recurrent episodes of aborted sudden death and no demonstrable heart disease having a peculiar ECG pattern of ST elevation in right precordial leads.1 The Brugada syndrome (BrS), one of the most devastating causes of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in relatively young patients with apparently normal heart, was born. In fact, it is likely that the first case of BrS was reported a few years before by Martini et al.2 The syndrome was recognized although not fully characterized even earlier in various southeastern Asian countries as responsible for mysterious cases of unexpected nocturnal SCD.3 Over the following 2 decades, extensive research on the clinical and ECG aspects, electrophysiological (EP) mechanism, genetic background, and management of the syndrome has been accomplished. Two consensus reports on the diagnostic criteria, risk stratification, and management of BrS were published in 20054 and 2013.5 Recent publication of several works dealing with various modes of management of BrS has raised questions about the optimal treatment that should be offered to these patients. Hereunder, I review these updated results and give my own viewpoint on the issue of management of BrS. See Response by Sieira and Brugada ### Importance of ECG Phenotype Ascertainment Although there has been general initial consensus about the ECG definition of Brugada ECG pattern into 3 types (type 1, type 2, and type 3),4 there has been a recent effort to establish a more simplified mode of classification, including only 2 ECG patterns6: pattern 1 identical to the classic type 1 of other consensus (coved pattern) and pattern 2 that joins patterns 2 and 3 of previous consensus (saddle-back pattern). This is in agreement with the classification presently adopted by most specialists that differentiates Brugada ECG type 1 versus non-type …