Simple Trial Research Articles

IMPLEMENTATION OF DEFAULT SETTLEMENT THROUGH A SIMPLE LAWSUIT (Case Study Decision Number: 8/PDT.G.S/2020/PN.Yyk.)

In the principle of civil procedural law in Indonesia, one of which is the principle of simple, fast and low cost. The process of settling a simple lawsuit or commonly referred to as a small claim court is a procedure for examining a civil lawsuit with a maximum value of Rp. 500,000,000 million which was solved with simple procedures and proofs. Problem formulation: 1). How is the simple lawsuit mechanism according to the Supreme Court Regulation Number 2 of 2015 as amended by PERMA Number 4 of 2019 in the implementation of the simple lawsuit trial? And what is the judge's consideration in Decision Number 8/PDT.G.S/2020/PN.Yyk regarding a simple lawsuit? The application of the research method is in the form of normative juridical, meaning that the issues raised, discussed and described in this study are focused on applying the rules or norms in positive law. This study discusses the parties in the Small Claim Court consisting of plaintiffs and defendants, both individuals and legal entities, each of which cannot be more than one, unless they have the same legal interest. The place of residence as stated in Article 4 paragraph (3a) of Perma Number: 4 of 2019 which states that "in the event that the Plaintiff is outside the jurisdiction of the Defendant's residence or domicile, the Plaintiff in filing a lawsuit appoints a proxy, incidental power of attorney, or representative who address in the jurisdiction or domicile of the Defendant with a letter of assignment from the institution”.

Hidden risks of respiratory support in neonates: retinopathy of prematurity

Background. Retinopathy of prematurity (RP) is the main reason for visual disability in premature survivors. RP increases chances for re-hospitalization and re-admission for special help by 1.5–4 times. It can lead to blindness in childhood. Risk factors for RP are mechanical ventilation and oxygen as well as weight gain problems in the postnatal period. The purpose was to assess the influence of different elements of intensive care on the development of severe RP, particularly, respiratory support strategies. Materials and methods. Simple retro-prospective blind non-randomized trial in two separate medical centers of Dnipro enrolled 122 premature neonates with the gestational age of 28–32 weeks from 2016 till 2020. The endpoint for assessment was the development of moderate and severe RP. We performed a univariate logistic regression analysis to analyze the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for main risk factors. The confidence p level was 0.05. Results. Eighteen percent of premature neonates presented with moderate or severe RP on the 14th day of intensive care according to routine ophthalmologic examination. The moderate and severe RP was associated with an increase in length of noninvasive respiratory care by 4 times (p = 0.01), prolonged conventional ventilation by two-fold (p = 0.33), CPAP length by 4.5 times (p = 0.05), longer usage of additional oxygen (FiO2 > 30 %) by 4 times (p = 0.01). AUC for all these predictors ranged from 0.63 to 0.68. We found the following main predictors of retinopathy. According to statistics, every single day of respiratory support increases the chance of moderate or severe RP by 7–9 % depending on ventilation method, and caffeine citrate usage increases this chance by 6 times. Every 100 g of weight decrease is associated with a 16% increase in RP development risk (p = 0.03). Conclusions. Any respiratory support increases the risk of moderate and severe RP. Thus, the usage of these intensive care modalities can’t be preventive. Attentive modes of weight control should help in the prophylaxis of RP development as well as usual ophthalmologic examinations.

Order by disorder in frustration-free systems: Quantum Monte Carlo study of a two-dimensional PXP model

In this study, an order by disorder mechanism has been proposed in a two-dimensional PXP model, where the extensive degeneracy of the classical ground-state manifold is due to strict occupation constraints instead of geometrical frustrations. By performing an unbias large-scale quantum monte carlos simulation, we find that local quantum fluctuations, which usually work against long-range ordering, lift the macroscopic classical degeneracy and give rise to a compressible ground state with charge-density-wave long-range order. A simple trial wavefunction has been proposed to capture the essence of the ground-state of the two-dimensional PXP model. The finite temperature properties of this model have also been studied, and we find a thermal phase transition with an universality class of two-dimensional Ising model.

Age-based targeting of biannual azithromycin distribution for child survival in Niger: an adaptive cluster-randomized trial protocol (AVENIR)

BackgroundBiannual distribution of azithromycin to children 1–59 months old reduced mortality by 14% in a cluster-randomized trial. The World Health Organization has proposed targeting this intervention to the subgroup of children 1–11 months old to reduce selection for antimicrobial resistance. Here, we describe a trial designed to determine the impact of age-based targeting of biannual azithromycin on mortality and antimicrobial resistance.MethodsAVENIR is a cluster-randomized, placebo-controlled, double-masked, response-adaptive large simple trial in Niger. During the 2.5-year study period, 3350 communities are targeted for enrollment. In the first year, communities in the Dosso region will be randomized 1:1:1 to 1) azithromycin 1–11: biannual azithromycin to children 1–11 months old with placebo to children 12–59 months old, 2) azithromycin 1–59: biannual azithromycin to children 1–59 months old, or 3) placebo: biannual placebo to children 1–59 months old. Regions enrolled after the first year will be randomized with an updated allocation based on the probability of mortality in children 1–59 months in each arm during the preceding study period. A biannual door-to-door census will be conducted to enumerate the population, distribute azithromycin and placebo, and monitor vital status. Primary mortality outcomes are defined as all-cause mortality rate (deaths per 1000 person-years) after 2.5 years from the first enrollment in 1) children 1–59 months old comparing the azithromycin 1–59 and placebo arms, 2) children 1–11 months old comparing the azithromycin 1–11 and placebo arm, and 3) children 12–59 months in the azithromycin 1–11 and azithromycin 1–59 arms. In the Dosso region, 50 communities from each arm will be followed to monitor antimicrobial resistance. Primary resistance outcomes will be assessed after 2 years of distributions and include 1) prevalence of genetic determinants of macrolide resistance in nasopharyngeal samples from children 1–59 months old, and 2) load of genetic determinants of macrolide resistance in rectal samples from children 1–59 months old.DiscussionAs high-mortality settings consider this intervention, the results of this trial will provide evidence to support programmatic and policy decision-making on age-based strategies for azithromycin distribution to promote child survival.Trial registrationThis trial was registered on January 13, 2020 (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04224987).

Fascial therapy, strength exercises and taping in soccer players with recurrent ankle sprains: A randomized controlled trial

IntroductionRecurrent ankle sprains are common in soccer players, characterized by restricted range of motion, pain, and decreased proprioception, strength, and postural control. The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of a fascial therapy and strength training program, combined with kinesiotaping, in improving ankle range of motion, pain, strength and stability in footballers with recurrent sprains. MethodA simple blind randomized clinical trial was conducted on soccer players. Thirty-six federated footballers were recruited and randomized to the two study groups. The experimental group received an intervention using myofascial techniques applied to the subastragaline joint, eccentric training with an isoinertial device and neuromuscular taping. The control group was administered an intervention using myofascial techniques on the subastragaline joint and eccentric training with an isoinertial device. The results were recorded for all players at baseline, after 4 weeks of intervention, and at the end of the 4-week follow-up period. ResultsSubsequent to intervention and follow-up, we found statistically significant improvements in the experimental group in ankle mobility, strength and stability. The control group exhibited improvements in all study variables. No differences in the improvement of variables were found based on the allocation of athletes to one group or another. ConclusionThe combination of fascial therapy and eccentric strength training with an isoinertial device improves ankle mobility, strength and stability in footballers with recurrent ankle sprains. The use of taping techniques failed to provide a greater improvement of the study variables when combined with manual therapy and strength techniques.

Constrained-path auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo for coupled electrons and phonons

We present an extension of constrained-path auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo (CP-AFQMC) for the treatment of correlated electronic systems coupled to phonons. The algorithm follows the standard CP-AFQMC approach for description of the electronic degrees of freedom while phonons are described in first quantization and propagated via a diffusion Monte Carlo approach. Our method is tested on the one- and two-dimensional Holstein and Hubbard-Holstein models. With a simple semiclassical trial wave function, our approach is remarkably accurate for $\ensuremath{\omega}/(2dt\ensuremath{\lambda})<1$ for all parameters in the Holstein model considered in this study where $d$ is the dimensionality, $\ensuremath{\omega}$ is the phonon frequency, $t$ is the electronic hopping strength, and $\ensuremath{\lambda}$ is the dimensionless electron-phonon coupling strength. In addition, we empirically show that the autocorrelation timescales as $1/\ensuremath{\omega}$ for $\ensuremath{\omega}/t\ensuremath{\lesssim}1$, which is an improvement over the $1/{\ensuremath{\omega}}^{2}$ scaling of the conventional determinant quantum Monte Carlo algorithm. In the Hubbard-Holstein model, the accuracy of our algorithm is found to be consistent with that of standard CP-AFQMC for the Hubbard model when the Hubbard $U$ term dominates the physics of the model, and is nearly exact when the ground state is dominated by the electron-phonon coupling scale $\ensuremath{\lambda}$. The ap- proach developed in this work should be valuable for understanding the complex physics arising from the interplay between electrons and phonons in both model lattice problems and ab initio systems.

Safety and immunological effectiveness of the domestic combined trivaccine for the prevention of measles, rubella and mumps Vaktrivir<sup>®</sup> in children 12 months and 6 years of age (results of a simple blind multicenter comparative randomized clinical trial)

Relevanc. Measles, mumps and rubella, despite many years of vaccination, retain their epidemiological and social significance at the present time. The aim of the work is to study the safety and immunogenicity. Of the vaccine for the prevention of measles, rubella and mumps Vactrivir® in children's immunization. Materials and methods. The safety and immunogenicity of the vaccine was studied in a simple multicenter blind comparative randomized clinical trial involving children aged 12 months and 6 years. Results. The Vactrivir® vaccine is characterized by low reactogenicity, a high safety and immunogenicity profile and is comparable in terms of indicators to the foreign Priorix® vaccine, which has been used in the Russian Federation for specific prevention of measles, rubella and mumps since 2018.

RICOMBINATORIA DELLA CREATIVITÀ: UNA PROPOSTA JUNGHIANA

In Combinatory of the creativity , Umberto Eco proposes a model of creativity based on the combinatory relation between mind and world. A trial and error process in the making of an artistic or a scientific craft is grounded upon the idea that the core of the craft already lies in nature. Such process leaves unsolved questions, like why isn’t anyone a creator due to the simple trial and error? A junghian approach to the matter may find answers in the archetypes. Due to their independence from the Ego, unconscious images like the archetypes should be treated as part of the combinatory game.

Azithromycin, RECOVERY, and the power of large, simple trials

One of the many challenges for clinical trials during a pandemic such as COVID-19 is the need to provide reliable and clear answers rapidly. High-quality, adequately powered, simple randomised clinical trials have been crucial in advancing knowledge of potential treatments for COVID-19.1 Principles underpinning such trials include the use of the uncertainty principle to determine eligibility, which allows for rapid enrolment of participants and streamlined data collection, making these studies easy to implement in routine practice.

Clinical trial preparations for the next pandemic

This paper describes the need to prepare for the development of antiviral therapeutics for the next pandemic. Preparation would consist of a stockpiling of best practices for clinical trial design, analysis and operations during the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic as well as continuous development of treatments and methodology between pandemics. This development would be facilitated by a global clinical trial pandemic reserve similar to the military reserves consisting of medical and quantitative methods professionals who would remain engaged between pandemics. Continuous identification of potential antiviral drugs and diagnostic methods would also be needed. Specific methodology addressed includes the importance of large simple trials, follow up time, efficacy endpoint, appropriate estimands, non-inferiority trials, more sophisticated patient accrual models and procedures for data sharing between clinical trials.

Recommendation Engine on IPTV

In recent years IPTV (Internet Protocol Television) platforms are becoming one of the most popular entertainment multimedia services which are used to serve movies, tv-series and other video and audio attractive content using the Internet Protocol. VoD (Video on Demand) is the most popular multimedia IPTV service, which provides content without the need for the old traditional way of using video playback devices. Except that it is necessary to have high-quality VoD content, IPTV platforms must provide the best end-user experience. Moreover, it is imperative to provide new features to attract new customers and keep the existing ones. We confirmed the efficacy of this classifier thru simple trial and error. When we searched for movies that have sequels, our engine recommended those sequels. Since Cosine Similarity Classifier considers multiple factors, such as actor, genre, year, etc. Even if the movie does not have prequels or sequels this algorithm was able to provide us with movies that share other common characteristics.

Efficacy of the use of unaffected hand containment in unimanual intensive therapy to increase visuomotor coordination in children with hemiplegia: a randomized controlled pilot study.

Background:The capacity of children with hemiplegia to be engaged in anticipatory action planning is affected. There is no balance among spatial, proprioceptive and visual information, thus altering the affected upper limb visuomotor coordination. The objective of the present study was to assess the improvement in visuomotor coordination after the application of a unimanual intensive therapy program, with the use of unaffected hand containment compared with not using unaffected hand containment.Methods:A simple blind randomized clinical trial was realized. A total of 16 subjects with congenital infantile hemiplegia participated in the study with an age mean of 5.54 years old (SD:1.55). Two intensive protocols for 5 weeks of modified constraint-induced movement therapy (mCIMT) or unimanual therapy without containment (UTWC) were executed 5 days per week (2 h/day). Affected upper limb visuomotor coordination (reaction time, task total time, active range, dynamic grasp) was measured before–after intensive therapy using a specific circuit with different slopes (10°/15°).Results:Statistically significant inter-group differences were found after the intervention, with clinically relevant results for the mCIMT group not seen in UTWC, in the following variables: reaction time 10°slope (p = 0.003, d = 2.44), reaction time 15°slope (p = 0.002, d = 2.15) as well as for the task total time 10°slope (p = 0.002, d = 2.25), active reach 10°slope (p = 0.002, d = 2.7), active reach 15°slope (p = 0.003, d = 2.29) and dynamic grasp 10°/15°slopes (p = <0.001, d = 2.69). There were not statistically significant inter-group differences in the total task time with 15°slope (p = 0.074, d = 1.27).Conclusions:The use of unaffected hand containment in mCIMT would allow improvements in the affected upper limb’s visuomotor coordination. Thus, it would favor clinical practice to make decisions on therapeutic approaches to increase the affected upper limb functionality and action planning in children diagnosed with infantile hemiplegia (4–8 years old).

Inferomedially impacted zygomatic fracture reduction by reverse vector using an intraoral approach with Kirschner wire

BackgroundIn inferomedially rotated zygomatic fractures sticking in the maxillary sinus, it is often difficult to achieve complete reduction only by conventional intraoral reduction. We present a new intraoral reduction technique using a Kirschner wire and its clinical outcome.MethodsAmong 39 inferomedially impacted zygomatic fractures incompletely reduced by a simple intraoral reduction trial with a bone elevator, a Kirschner wire (1.5 mm) was vertically inserted from the zygomatic body to the lateral orbital rim in 17 inferior-dominant rotation fractures and horizontally inserted to the zygomatic arch in nine medial-dominant and 13 bidirectional rotation fractures. A Kirschner wire was held with a wire holder and lifted in the superolateral or anterolateral direction for reduction. Following reduction of the zygomaticomaxillary fracture, internal fixation was performed.ResultsFractures were completely reduced using only an intraoral approach with Kirschner wire reduction in 33 cases and through an additional lower lid or transconjunctival incision in six cases. There were no surgical complications except in one patient with undercorrection. Postoperative 6-month computed tomography scans showed complete bone union and excellent bone alignment. Four patients experienced difficulty with upper lip elevation; however, these problems spontaneously resolved after manual tissue lump massage and intralesional steroid (Triamcinolone) injection.ConclusionsWe completely reduced infraorbital rim fractures, zygomaticomaxillary buttresses, and zygomaticofrontal suture fractures in 84% of patients through an intraoral approach alone. Intraoral Kirschner wire reduction may be a useful option by which to obtain effective and powerful reduction motion of an inferomedially rotated zygomatic body.

Ground State, Isoelectronic Ions and Low-Lying Excited States of Lithium Atom in Strong Magnetic Field

In the framework of the variational Monte Carlo method, the ground states of the lithium atom and lithium like ions up to Z = 10 in an external strong magnetic field are evaluated. Furthermore, the two low-lying excited states , and of the lithium atom in strong magnetic field are also investigated. Simple trial wave functions for lithium are used.

Lampau Dan Sekarang: Analisis Kompetensi Absolut Dalam Perselisihan Hak Pada Pengadilan Agama

religious justice is limited to 6 (six) areas, namely marriage, inheritance, will, hibah, waqf, and shadaqah. Further, in Article 50 of Law 7/1989 it is stated, that if there is a dispute of rights related to the areas in Article 49 paragraph (1), then it must be decided in a state court. In its development, related to the absolute competence of this religious court underwent changes with the birth of Law 3/2006. In Law 3/2006, in addition to related to the addition of absolute competence, there is also the addition of Article 50 paragraph (2) which regulates related to the dispute of rights to be the absolute competence of religious justice. Based on this background, then the formulation of the problem in this study is First, what is the absolute competence of the religious court? and Second, does the religious court have the authority to investigate disputes? This research is a normative legal research with legal, conceptual, and case regulatory approaches. Based on this research, it was found that First, in Law 3/2006, there are 3 (three) new areas of absolute competence in religious justice into marriage, heirs, wills, grants, waqf, zakat, infaq, shadaqah, and shariqah economics and in Law 3/2006 has removed the existence of the right of choice in matters of inheritance for Muslims, so it must absolutely go through religious justice and Second, with the addition of Article 50 paragraph (2) of Law 3/2006, then in the case of disputes, then if the fellow Muslims, then can directly through the courts in the religious judicial environment. This, in order to realize a quick, simple, and lightweight trial

Peter Sleight: visionary cardiologist and inspiring leader

Photo credit: Mervyn George Bishop/Fairfax Media/Getty Images Peter Sleight, a professor at Oxford University, helped to transform heart attack treatment and prevent cardiovascular disease with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and...

Retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy: current status

The classic retroperitoneal open surgical access to the kidney has been duplicated while performing laparoscopy but is less common than transperitoneal laparoscopy. We reviewed minimally invasive retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy as a part of the international consultation on urological diseases and European Association of Urology international consultation on minimally invasive surgery in urology. A Pubmed/Medline search was performed to identify studies assessing the feasibility, safety and efficacy of laparoscopic and robotic retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy. The articles were reviewed to assess outcomes after simple, radical and donor nephrectomy and comparative trials between retroperitoneoscopic versus the open and transperitoneal route were evaluated. Retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy is feasible for most cases of benign non-functioning kidneys. Retroperitoneoscopic radical nephrectomy is also feasible for most tumours and may be better suited for posteriorly located tumours. Both retroperitoneoscopic and transperitoneal nephrectomy have similar outcomes but the operative time may be shorter for the former. The data are insufficient for robotic retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy probably because of limited space and lack of benefit of a robot in ablative surgeries. Level of evidence: 3a

MENCIPTAKAN SISTEM PERADILAN EFISIEN DENGAN SISTEM E-COURT PADA PENGADILAN NEGERI DAN PENGADILAN AGAMA SE-TANGERANG RAYA

Based on the Decree of the Secretary of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number: 305/SEK/SK/VII/2018, the Supreme Court has chosen 17 District Courts, 6 State Administrative Courts and 9 Religious Courts as the Pilot Project Court for the e-court Application. On this basis, the sample of the court taken by the author is the District Court and Religious Court which is located in Tangerang Raya. The author will focus on the effectiveness and efficiency with regard to the role of the e-court system in the administrative system of the district and religious courts in Tangerang Raya. The large amount of time and files involved are considered far from the principles of fast, simple and low cost trial. It is hoped that time and cost efficiency problems can be resolved with E-court. To prove the test of the effective role of e-court in realizing fast, simple and low cost judiciary from the segmentation of district and religious courts in Tangerang Raya, the E-court system in state and religious courts in the Greater Tangerang area in segmentation creates efficiency in the case administration service process.

Adversary System in Common Law Countries and Possibility for Implementation in Indonesian Court

This research tries to open the possibility of implementing an adversary system which is very closely related to the common law system in Indonesia, especially concerning the “The Rights of the Accused” in the criminal justice process. This research is carried out normatively by conducting legal studies through literature and legislation. The result of this research is that if the accused declared himself guilty of the crime he committed, this means that the accused will lose his right to be tried and processed fairly trial in the common law system. If a defendant is declared guilty, then the next process is the conviction without trial, in which case there are weaknesses in the rights of the accused that should have been carried out through a jury trial. Is it possible to apply in Indonesian courts? Is it not contrary to the norms contained in the Code of Criminal Procedure (KUHAP), especially regarding the rights of suspects relating to human rights (HAM), such as equal treatment before the law; put forward the presumption of innocence; the right to compensation; right to legal assistance; the defendant's rights before the court; a free, fast and simple trial; and a court that is open to the public. However, if possible in Indonesia to switch to the adversary system, the judge's role can be limited only as a referee to allow the creation of a fair trial. The party in charge of deciding whether or not the defendant is right is the jury.

The performance of phaseless auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo on the ground state electronic energy of benzene.

The ground state electronic energy of benzene is the focus of a recent blind test by Eriksen and co-workers [arXiv:2008.02678]. In this note, we report the phaseless auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo (ph-AFQMC) results on the identical problem. We examine trial wavefunctions of the spin-restricted Hartree-Fock (RHF), and complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) with an active space of 6-electron and 6-orbital (i.e., CAS(6,6)) form for the cc-pVDZ basis set. ph-AFQMC+RHF deviates from the value where many methods agreed on (i.e., -863 m$E_h$) by -3.1(3) m$E_h$ whereas ph-AFQMC+CAS(6,6) deviates from the same value by -1.3(4) m$E_h$. In addition to this, we report the frozen core correlation energy of ph-AFQMC+RHF in the cc-pVTZ and cc-pVQZ basis sets as well as their complete basis set limit. Our findings highlight the accuracy, flexibility, and scalability of ph-AFQMC with simple trial wavefunctions.