Simple Transfer Research Articles

Detonation Performance of Insensitive Nitrogen-Rich Nitroenamine Energetic Materials Predicted from First-Principles Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

Because of the excellent combination of high detonation and low sensitivity properties of the 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7) energetic material (EM), it is useful to explore new energetic derivatives that start with the FOX-7 structure. However, most such derivatives are highly sensitive, making them unsuitable for EM applications. An exception is the new nitroenamine EM, 1,1-diamino-2-tetrazole-2-nitroethene (FOX-7-T) (synthesized by replacing a nitro group with a tetrazole ring), which exhibits good stability. Unfortunately, FOX-7-T shows an unexpected much lower detonation performance than FOX-7, despite its higher nitrogen content. To achieve an atomistic understanding of the insensitivity and detonation performance of FOX-7 and FOX-7-T, we carried out reactive molecular dynamics (RxMD) using the ReaxFF reactive force field and combined quantum mechanics MD (QM-MD). We found that the functional group plays a significant role in the initial decomposition reaction. For FOX-7, the initial decomposition involves only simple hydrogen transfer reactions at high temperature, whereas for FOX-7-T, the initial reaction begins at much lower temperature with a tetrazole ring breaking to form N2, followed by many subsequent reactions. Our first-principles-based simulations predicted that FOX-7-T has 34% lower CJ pressure, 15% lower detonation velocity, and 45% lower CJ temperature than FOX-7. This is partly because a larger portion of the FOX-7-T mass gets trapped into condensed phase carbon clusters at the CJ point, suppressing generation of gaseous CO2 and N2 final products, leading to reduced energy delivery. Our findings suggest that the oxygen balance is an important factor to be considered in the design of the next generation of high-nitrogen-containing EMs.

Monetization of Ecosystem Services from Nature-Based Solutions for Agricultural Diffuse Pollution Control: Simplified Value Transfer Method at European Scale

When nature-based solutions (NBS) are developed with a primary scope, they also provide simultaneous additional economic, social, and environmental benefits, i.e., Ecosystem Services. A monetary assessment that accounts for these additional benefits is provided by this work, with a focus on Europe. Specifically, this is intended to evaluate nine identified benefits of those wetlands and buffer strips designed to primarily address agricultural diffuse pollution, which must surely be listed among the negative externalities of economic activities that NBS can help resolve. The aim of developing a simplified value transfer methodology for a rapid evaluation of NBS benefits with the adjusted unit Value Transfer method is to create an accessible solution when time, funding, or other constraints prevent the use of highly technical primary monetization approaches. The developed exercise allows us to gather insights from several primary valuation studies and to appropriately transfer the monetary valuation outcomes to new policy sites. In order to reduce the distance from the expected and required concrete achievements of the economic valuations, the study has been integrated with an case study located in the Venice lagoon catchment in Northwestern Italy. The results obtained are to be considered sound, with existing evidence showing that the most valuable benefits of the considered NBS are both water quality and recreation and tourism, to which is added, in the case of wetlands, water supply.

Modelling and simulation of heat flow in indexable insert drilling

In machining, the heat generated during the process deforms the components and the final shape might not meet specified tolerances. There is therefore a need for a compensation strategy which requires knowledge of the workpiece temperature field and the associated thermal distortions. In this work, a methodology is presented for the determination of the heat load for indexable insert drilling of AISI 4140. Compared to previous research, this work has introduced a varying heat load. The heat load is extracted from thermo-mechanical finite element simulations for different nominal chip thicknesses and cutting speeds using the coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian formulation of an orthogonal turning process. The heat load is then transferred to a simplified 2D axisymmetric heat transfer model where the in-process temperature field in the workpiece is predicted. To verify the methodology, the predicted temperatures are compared to the experimentally measured temperatures for various feed rates. It is found that the model is capable of predicting the workpiece temperatures reasonably well. However, the methodology needs to be further explored to validate its applicability.

The Changing Process of Adolescents' Self-Independence Consciousness: From the Perspective of David Hume's Human Nature Theory and Freud's Psychodynamic Theory

During the mental development of contemporary teenagers, due to the influence of their own growth and the environment, many parts have more or less mental illness, which is obvious and recessive, but it is a part that needs attention in the process of understanding themselves. The emergence of self-consciousness is not a simple transfer of the object and content of consciousness, but a new stage of psychological development, which is the result of human socialization and one of the special forms of higher psychological activities. We do not know enough about other sources of adolescent consciousness, so it is worth considering carefully when the subject we propose produces consciousness rather than memory traces. The ideas that are active during adolescence will be more pronounced, and this situation will be closer to what the superego wants the individual to feel.

Hyperfine excitation of NH and ND by molecular hydrogen

The NH and ND radicals are of key importance in the comprehension of nitrogen chemistry and the enhancement of deuterated molecules in the interstellar medium. Observations by space telescopes yield spectra that can resolve the fine and hyperfine structure of these radicals, a consequence of the electronic and magnetic interactions of nitrogen, hydrogen, and deuterium nuclei. Accurate rate coefficients, induced by collisions with H2, are required to interpret spectra of these radicals. We report the first rate coefficients for fine and hyperfine transitions of NH and ND in collision with both ortho- and para-H2. Based on a recent four-dimensional potential energy surface, fine-structure resolved cross sections and rate coefficients are computed with the time-independent close-coupling method over a temperature range of 5–300 K. Our calculations include the first 25 energy levels of NH and ND. Hyperfine resolved cross sections and rate coefficients are determined using the infinite-order sudden (IOS) approximation between 5 and 200 K for NH and 100 K for ND. We consider the first 71 and 105 energy levels of NH and ND, respectively. General propensity rules are discussed. We found a significant isotopic substitution effect in the rate coefficients. In addition, the rate coefficients for collisions with H2 are larger than those with He by a factor of up to 5, leading to lower critical densities for collisional excitation with H2 than He. The impact of the new set of collisional data has been investigated in simple radiative transfer models of the NH emission seen toward the Orion Bar and the ejecta of the η Carinae binary star. We observed significant differences by a factor of 5 between the presently determined column densities for NH compared to those from the literature using He as a collider.

A novel algorithm for complex transfer conditions in bearing fault diagnosis

Abstract Transfer learning in bearing fault diagnosis can effectively improve model generalization and accelerate the practical application of fault diagnosis algorithms. However, previous algorithms primarily focused on simple transfer conditions like known target domain data or the same device. In industrial practice, the conditions for algorithm transfer are more complex. Therefore, cross-domain fault diagnosis under complex transfer conditions is a challenging task with significant practical value. This paper proposes a new bearing fault diagnosis algorithm based on attention mechanism and feature enhancement, which provides better feature extraction capabilities. The main approach involves performing deep aliasing on deep features and training the model to identify domain-invariant classification features under extreme conditions for effective fault diagnosis. Additionally, our network performs well in handling low signal-to-noise ratio problems. Extensive experiments were conducted on three different bearing case studies to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, showing superior performance compared to other deep transfer learning methods.

Experimental characterisation and statistical modelling of woven carbon fibre weld conductors for electrical resistance welding of thermoplastic composites

Resistance welding of high-performance thermoplastic composites is a promising joining technique for the structural assembly of aerospace components. Knowledge of the weld conductor resistance as a function of its dimensions, as well as external boundary conditions such as contact preparation and pressure, can be used to scale welding parameters. This paper presents a comprehensive review on the weld conductor contact preparation, length, width and contact pressure dependent resistance with respect to the Toray 5HS T300JB carbon woven prepreg 281 gsm fibre architecture. The study is based on a 4-wire resistance measurement of the carbon fibre fabric weld conductors and was conducted to provide a solid basis for defining the weld conductor’s resistance, considering the dependence on length, width and contact pressure. The experimentally determined resistance values were approximated using linear and non-linear regression functions and combined into a general formulation with respect to the investigated carbon fibre fabric architecture. The least squares fit of experimental versus model data confirmed a very high model confidence. Thus, the model allows a simplified transfer of electrical properties for process pre-design and scaling considering weld conductors with the same fibre architecture.

The use of modern educational technologies in the training of midwives and nurses

The article presents the experience of teachers in the training of future midwives and nurses and substantiates the need to use modern educational technologies in the educational process. Currently, the problem of training highly professional and competitive medical workers with secondary medical education in the labor market is becoming particularly relevant, since the requirements for the level of professional knowledge, skills and abilities of medical personnel are increasing every year. The main task of a teacher is not a simple transfer of knowledge, but the motivation of students to take initiative and find ways to apply the knowledge gained in solving various problematic tasks, the formation of a specialist’s personality capable of constant self-development. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that today’s students are representatives of the “digital generation”. These are people who cannot imagine themselves without the Internet, smartphone and social networks. “Buzzers” are more difficult to assimilate and remember information, because all the information is on the Internet. Many students do not know how to build and ask questions based on the material they have read. In the classroom, the teacher must comprehensively ensure the quality of the educational process using modern information technologies and active learning methods based on the principles of “learning through action”, which necessarily imply the development of independence for students. The more active the learning process, the more zoomers are involved in it. The insertion technique or technology of active reading helps students to understand, comprehend and remember the information received. The use of various technologies in practical classes in obstetrics and gynecology that immerse students in professional activities, such as: solving situational problems, case-study, performing manipulations according to an algorithm, conducting role-playing games and lesson conferences, allows you to set an incentive and simulate the conditions for the formation of a specialist’s personality in teaching a future profession. The participation of students in the organization and conduct of role-playing games increases their creative activity, contributes to the formation of professional and communicative competencies. The modern educational technologies used by us in the educational process make it possible to lay the foundation for the professional competence of a specialist, to activate the cognitive activity of students, making them active participants in the educational process, which contributes to improving the effectiveness of professional training.

Simulation of transportation of acute stroke patients in border regions

Determining the optimal transportation for each stroke patient is critically important to achieve the best possible outcomes. In border regions the next comprehensive stroke center may be just across an international border, but bureaucratic and financial hurdles may prevent a simple transfer to the next stroke center. We hypothesized that in regions close to international borders, patients may benefit from an "open border, closed transfer scenario", meaning that patients in whom a large vessel occlusion (LVO) is detected in the primary stroke center will benefit from a transfer to the nearest stroke center offering endovascular thrombectomy—even if this may be across a national border. We used the Swiss-German–French trinational region as an example for a region with several international borders within close proximity to one another, and compared two feasible scenarios; (a) a “closed borders, open transfer” scenario, where the patient is transported to any center in the same country, (b) an “open border, closed transfer” scenario, where patients are always transported to the nearby primary stroke center first and then to the nearest comprehensive stroke center in either the same or a neighboring country and (c) and “open borders, open transfer” scenario. The outcome of interest was the predicted probability of acute ischemic stroke patients to achieve a good outcome using a conditional probability model which predicts the likelihood of excellent outcome (modified Rankin scale score of 0–1 at 90 days post-stroke) for patients with suspected LVO. Results were modeled in a virtual map from which the ideal transport concept emerged. For an exemplary LVO stroke patient in Germany, the probability of a good outcome was higher in an open border, closed transfer scenario than with closed borders, open transfer (33.1 vs. 30.1%). Moreover, time to EVT would decrease from 232 min in the first scenario to 169 min in an open border, closed transfer scenario. The catchment area of the University Hospital Basel was almost double the size in an open border, closed transfer scenario compared to closed borders (1674 km2 vs. 2897 km2) and would receive transfers from 3 primary stroke centers in other countries (2 in Germany and 1 in France). Stroke patients showed a higher likelihood of good outcome in the “open border” scenarios without transfer restrictions to a specific healthcare system. This probably has implications for stroke treatment in all border regions where EVT eligible stroke patients may benefit from transport to the closest EVT capable center whenever possible, regardless of whether this hospital is located in the same or a neighboring country/jurisdiction.

Heterogeneous integration of high-k complex-oxide gate dielectrics on wide band-gap high-electron-mobility transistors

Heterogeneous integration of dissimilar crystalline materials has recently attracted considerable attention due to its potential for high-performance multifunctional electronic and photonic devices. The conventional method for fabricating heterostructures is by heteroepitaxy, in which epitaxy is performed on crystallographically different materials. However, epitaxial limitations in monolithic growth of dissimilar materials prevent implementation of high quality heterostructures, such as complex-oxides on conventional semiconductor platforms (Si, III-V and III-N). In this work, we demonstrate gallium nitride (GaN) high-electron-mobility transistors with crystalline complex-oxide material enabled by heterogeneous integration through epitaxial lift-off and direct stacking. We successfully integrate high-κ complex-oxide SrTiO3 in freestanding membrane form with GaN heterostructure via a simple transfer process as the gate oxide. The fabricated device shows steep subthreshold swing close to the Boltzmann limit, along with negligible hysteresis and low dynamic on-resistance, indicating very low defect density between the SrTiO3 gate oxide and GaN heterostructure. Our results show that heterogeneous integration through direct material stacking is a promising route towards fabricating functional heterostructures not possible by conventional epitaxy.

Uniform cerebral organoid culture on a pillar plate by simple and reproducible spheroid transfer from an ultralow attachment well plate

Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived brain organoids have potential to recapitulate the earliest stages of brain development, serving as an effective in vitro model for studying both normal brain development and disorders. However, current brain organoid culture methods face several challenges, including low throughput, high variability in organoid generation, and time-consuming, multiple transfer and encapsulation of cells in hydrogels throughout the culture. These limitations hinder the widespread application of brain organoids including high-throughput assessment of compounds in clinical and industrial lab settings. In this study, we demonstrate a straightforward approach of generating multiple cerebral organoids from iPSCs on a pillar plate platform, eliminating the need for labor-intensive, multiple transfer and encapsulation steps to ensure the reproducible generation of cerebral organoids. We formed embryoid bodies in an ultra-low attachment 384-well plate and subsequently transferred them to the pillar plate containing Matrigel, using a straightforward sandwiching and inverting method. Each pillar on the pillar plate contains a single spheroid, and the success rate of spheroid transfer was in a range of 95%–100%. Using this approach, we robustly generated cerebral organoids on the pillar plate and demonstrated an intra-batch coefficient of variation below 9%–19% based on ATP-based cell viability and compound treatment. Notably, our spheroid transfer method in combination with the pillar plate allows miniaturized culture of cerebral organoids, alleviates the issue of organoid variability, and has potential to significantly enhance assay throughput by allowing in situ organoid assessment as compared to conventional organoid culture in 6-/24-well plates, petri dishes, and spinner flasks.

Laser doping of n-type 4H-SiC with boron using solution precursor for mid-wave infrared optical properties

Laser doping of n-type 4H-silicon carbide (SiC) semiconductor substrates with boron (B) using a pulsed Nd:YAG laser (λ = 1064 nm) is reported. An aqueous boric acid solution was used as a boron precursor. A simple theoretical heat transfer model was employed to select the laser processing parameters, i.e., laser power and laser-substrate interaction time, and determine the appropriate temperature to dope 4H-SiC substrates. The selected processing parameters ensured that the temperature at the laser-substrate interaction zone was below the SiC peritectic temperature to prevent any crystalline phase transformations in SiC. Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry was conducted to determine the optical properties of both undoped and boron-doped 4H-SiC substrates within the mid-wave infrared (MWIR) wavelength range (3–5 μm). Boron atoms create an acceptor energy level at 0.29 eV above the valence band in the 4H-SiC bandgap, which corresponds to λ = 4.3 μm. Boron-doped 4H-SiC substrate exhibited reduced reflectance and increased absorptance for the MWIR range. An absorption peak at λ = 4.3 μm was detected for the doped substrate. This confirmed the creation of the acceptor energy level in the 4H-SiC bandgap and, thus, doping of 4H-SiC with boron. A notable decrease in the refractive index, i.e., from 2.87 to 2.52, after laser doping of n-type 4H-SiC with boron was achieved.

Manifestations, Causes and Relief of Modern Educational Anxiety

As the need for talent and the corresponding ability to improve it becomes more and more urgent in modern society, education has completed a shift from the simple transfer of knowledge to a key tool for fostering creativity, critical thinking, and adaptability. However, this transformation has also brought about a series of new challenges, the most prominent of which are the phenomena of educational anxiety and involution. This paper provides a theoretical analysis and elaboration of the data collected on the causes of educational anxiety and the dialectical view of educational anxiety as well as the corresponding measures to address it. It is found that educational anxiety mainly comes from parents' deviation in educational expectations and unidirectional pursuit of educational targets, the contradiction between unlimited educational competition and limited educational resources, and social transformation and development. The corresponding solutions are that parents should take a dialectical view of education anxiety and set up a correct view of education; education-related bodies should promote the reform of the education evaluation system to promote the all-round development of students; and government departments should create a favorable environment for education and improve the family education guidance service system. The current education should focus on individual students, get rid of utilitarianism as the mainstream of test-based education, promote diversified quality education practices, and maximize the relief of parents' educational anxiety.

Arabidopsis Root Microbiome Microfluidic (ARMM) Device for Imaging Bacterial Colonization and Morphogenesis of Arabidopsis Roots.

Imaging the spatiotemporal dynamics of host-microbiota interactions is of particular interest for augmenting our understanding of these complex systems. This is especially true of plant-microbe interactions happening around, on, and inside plant roots where relatively little is understood about the dynamics of these systems. Over the past decade, a number of microfluidic devices have been developed to grow plants hydroponically in gnotobiotic conditions and image morphogenesis of the root and/or dynamics with fluorescently labeled bacteria from the plant root microbiome. Here we describe the construction and use of our Arabidopsis Root Microbiome Microfluidic (ARMM) device for imaging fluorescent protein expressing bacteria and their colonization of Arabidopsis roots. In contrast to other plant root imaging devices, we designed this device to have a larger chamber for observing Arabidopsis root elongation and plant-microbe interactions with older seedlings (between 1.5 and 4weeks after germination) and a 200μm chamber depth to specifically maintain thin Arabidopsis roots within the focal distance of the confocal microscope. Our device incorporates a new approach to growing Arabidopsis seedlings in screw-top tube caps for simplified germination and transfer to the device. We present representative images from the ARMM device including high resolution cross section images of bacterial colonization at the root surface.

Efficiency, Kinetics and Mechanism of 4-Nitroaniline Removal from Aqueous Solutions by Emulsion Liquid Membranes Using Type 1 Facilitated Transport.

4-Nitroaniline (4NA) is a common organic pollutant that is released into the environment during the manufacture and processing of a wide variety of industrial products. This article describes the use of an emulsion liquid membrane process to remove 4NA from aqueous solutions using a type 1 facilitated transport mechanism. Optimization of the removal process was carried out by analyzing the efficiency of 4NA removal from the feed phase and the initial apparent feed/membrane fluxes and permeabilities under different experimental conditions. The kinetics of the removal process was analyzed using a simplified mass transfer model involving an empirical mass transfer coefficient calculated from experimental data, assuming that the concentrations of 4NA in the external aqueous phase and in the internal w/o emulsion are uniform. The results show that there is a very good fit between the experimental and model data and that the variation in the values of the overall mass transfer coefficients with the experimental conditions coincides with that of the removal efficiency mentioned above. The transport mechanism was studied by identifying the rate-controlling step of the removal process, using models described for adsorption processes, due to the strong parallelism between the transport mechanisms in adsorption and emulsion liquid membrane processes.

DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY'S EFFECT ON TEACHING AND LEARNING

Digital technology has had a big impact on how teaching and learning are done in different areas of education. It has been demonstrated that incorporating educational technology into teaching and learning procedures improves their efficacy (Qurat-ul-Ain et al., 2019). According to Qurat-ul-Ain et al. (2019), it is essential for raising productivity, efficacy, and pedagogical advancements that are beneficial to education. Interactive learning experiences are made possible by educational technology, which offers new ideas and uses beyond simple digital resource storage and transfer (Tuma et al., 2021). Furthermore, by providing a variety of learning opportunities and encouraging co-creative thinking abilities, digital technologies have been shown to support collaborative creativity in language instruction (Sastre et al., 2022). Even while technology offers many advantages, there are still issues with how to integrate it into the classroom. According to several studies, it's critical that teacher educators act as role models and encourage educators to use technology (Matthew et al., 2002). Furthermore, emphasis has been placed on the role that educational leaders play in helping students acquire digital citizenship and technology use (Baydar, 2022). In order to maintain teaching and learning as the primary focus in the face of technological improvements, schools must establish technology leadership. (In Davies, 2010). Moreover, the integration of technology in education has been linked to favorable consequences, including expedited and effortless learning and the promotion of inclusive, sustainable education (Uygur et al., 2020). Divergent viewpoints exist about the efficaciousness of technology in education. While some contend that technology can augment learning, others maintain that specific domains of knowledge, such as physical education, cannot be satisfactorily imparted through technological means (Aprilo et al., 2023). All things considered, incorporating technology into education necessitates a thorough comprehension of both its possible advantages and disadvantages, highlighting the necessity of ongoing professional development and assistance for teachers (Karakaş & Hidiroğlu, 2022).

Heat Transfer Modelling of Biomass Torrefaction

The depletion of coal reserves and the increase of environmental problems urge the use of renewable energy sources. Biomass is a renewable energy source and is also used as one of the feeds for cofiring, a promising energy generation technology. However, the shortcomings of biomass, such as low calorific value, hygroscopic, and low grindability, limit its usage. Torrefaction is a mild form of pyrolysis of biomass that results in better solid fuel properties. This study aims to model a simple heat transfer numerical equation to predict the torrefaction of biomass in various operating conditions. The temperature distribution in biomass during the torrefaction process is also predicted, as well as the mass yield, energy yield, and HHV behaviour of the torrefied biomass. The modelling was conducted based on Calliandra wood biomass. The pellet biomass diameter was modelled to vary within a range of 1-3 cm and a length of 10 cm. The operating conditions used for this modelling were the temperature of torrefaction with a range of 230- 270 °C. Heat transfer modelling was carried out by using MATLAB. The modelling produces a numerical equation of transient heat transfer with a radial axis base with the kinetic model used as TPR (Three Parallel Reaction). The modelling produces an error of 1.424% compared to the experimental data by Felfli et al. The simulation shows that torrefaction that makes a higher and more uniform temperature distribution will result in a higher HHV value. Based on the simulation, the recommendation of torrefaction operating conditions for Calliandra wood with a diameter of 1-3 cm is at a torrefaction temperature of 270℃ and residence time of 1.5 hours. This will result in a calorific value of approximately 5300 kcal/kg.

Environmental education in higher education: Modern tracks

This article is devoted to the peculiarities of environmental education in the modern period, supporting the idea that the focus has shifted to improving its quality, focusing on the priority of filling the domestic labor market. The introductory part of the paper shows the main tracks of ecologists' education at the present stage and highlights the most important aspects of the educational program. In the course of the description of materials and research methods, the conclusions are formulated that normative approaches to the regulation of this educational content are gradually moving from the formal-declarative level to the sphere of real implementation. Modern forms of training in the form of master classes, business games, quizzes, environmental dictations significantly revitalize the perception of information by students in this segment. At the same time, the importance of not only legal, but also moral aspects of knowledge transfer is emphasized. The spiritual component of education in this area is very clearly expressed, since the persons receiving such knowledge are actually called upon to save humanity from a possible ecological catastrophe. The results of the work are presented in the form of concrete proposals for improving the foundations of domestic environmental education. The education of ecologists requires not only the simple transfer of information, but also the formation of certain analytical, experimental and technological skills in students, thanks to which they will be ready for independent work after graduation. The methodological block reveals and substantiates the most effective means and methods of environmental education, among which the priority is given to design and modeling. At the same time, the importance of the regional component is shown, especially when it comes to specially protected areas (reserves, sanctuaries). In the course of the discussion the reasons that hinder the effectiveness of environmental education were formulated, and concrete proposals for the optimization of this process were made.

Adaptive Intermediate Class-Wise Distribution Alignment: A Universal Domain Adaptation and Generalization Method for Machine Fault Diagnosis.

Many transfer learning methods have been proposed to implement fault transfer diagnosis, and their loss functions are usually composed of task-related losses, distribution distance losses, and correlation regularization losses. The intrinsic parameters and trade-off parameters between losses, however, need to be tuned according to the specific diagnosis tasks; thus, the generalization abilities of these methods in multiple tasks are limited. Besides, the alignment goal of most domain adaptation (DA) mechanisms dynamically changes during the training process, which will result in loss oscillation, slow convergence and poor robustness. To overcome the above-mentioned issues, a novel and simple transfer learning diagnosis method named adaptive intermediate class-wise distribution alignment (AICDA) model is proposed, and it is established via the proposed AICDA mechanism, dynamic intermediate alignment (DIA) adaptive layer and AdaSoftmax loss. The AICDA mechanism develops an adaptive intermediate distribution as the alignment goal of multiple source domains and target domains, and it can simultaneously align the global and class-wise distributions of these domains. The DIA layer is designed to adaptively achieve domain confusion without the distribution distance loss and the correlation regularization loss. Meanwhile, to ensure the classification performance of the AICDA mechanism, AdaSoftmax loss is proposed for boosting the separability of Softmax loss. Finally, in order to evaluate the effectiveness and universality of the AICDA diagnosis model to the most degree, various multisource mixed fault transfer diagnosis tasks of wind turbine planetary gearboxes, including DA and domain generalization (DG), are implemented, and the experimental results indicate that our proposed AICDA model has a higher diagnosis accuracy and a stronger generalization ability than other state-of-the-art transfer learning methods.

ЕКОНОМІЧНА ТЕОРІЯ У СИСТЕМІ ПІДГОТОВКИ МЕНЕДЖЕРІВ

The article examines the problems of implementing the competency approach in the process of training managers on the example of teaching a course in economic theory. The relevance of this problem is due to new challenges for the management education system, when the emphasis changes and shifts from the simple transfer of knowledge to the acquisition of certain skills for adaptation to constantly changing economic and social conditions. Therefore, the educational process should be aimed at determining and achieving specific professional results, where theoretical knowledge is an extremely important component for achieving a high professional level. The study of economic theory is the basis for the formation of an economically literate personality, which is the basis for the formation and functioning of a developed national economy of the state. The object of economic theory is the economic processes in society and the functioning of its economic system, the main function of which is the creation of favorable conditions for achieving economic or social benefits both for individuals or groups and for society as a whole. Education in the field of management should combine theoretical knowledge with practical aspects of market behavior of economic subjects. The task of this discipline is to study the general principles of the economic functioning of society, to study the patterns of development of economic systems, to carry out an analytical study of the mechanism of their use by people in the process of economic activity, as well as to determine the key characteristics of the main socio-economic systems and the directions of their evolution. The main goal of studying economic theory is to develop a system of knowledge about the social form of production of economic relations, problems of effective use of limited production resources and methods of meeting public needs in various socio-economic entities. The specifics of the content of vocational and economic education are determined by the requirements for its final result, namely, the creation of a harmonious and comprehensively developed personality who possesses professional knowledge, skills and abilities, which are the basis for self-realization in the economic and managerial sphere of society and provide a complex and multifaceted study of laws economic life of society.