Simple Reading Research Articles

With a ‘spring’ in your step

The fifth article in this series, exploring traditional nursery rhymes as a resource and inspiration for activities, focuses on literacy. These include: repeating simple rhymes, recognising and reading CVC (consonant, vowel, consonant) words, using writing frames and enjoying spring rhymes.

Peer‐reading racetracks for word reading of low‐achieving graduating students with learning disabilities and behavioural problems

The number of students with reading difficulties is increasing and reading motivation is decreasing. Although serious reading problems can still persist during secondary education, most reading instruction happens in primary schools. In particular, students with learning disabilities and externalising behavioural problems are confronted with hurdles in reading literacy that need to be overcome. For this reason, this study focused on a simple reading intervention to promote sight vocabulary in 10th grade readers with learning disabilities and behavioural problems. A peer‐tutored motivational reading racetrack intervention was implemented three times a week over a five‐week period through a multiple baseline design across participants in three small groups. The results indicate that the combined intervention is an appropriate method to help students, even those in a graduating class, to improve their sight words in a short period of time, and thus provide them with important reading skills.

Critical Reading: What Do Students Actually Do?

ABSTRACT The goal of the present investigation is to determine how undergraduate students think about critical reading. We asked 249 students to rate the usefulness of several critical reading skills, how often those skills are taught, and whether they practice those skills when working on their assignments. We found that students consider more complex reading skills (e.g., Applying) as more useful than simpler reading skills (e.g., Skimming). Moreover, complex skills were taught more often in their classes. However, students report practicing Skimming more often than Applying. These findings indicate that knowing what is most useful for learning does not translate into actually practicing those skills when working on assignments. Educators need to help students transition from knowing what they need to do to actually doing it.

Enemies

Enemies

Dual-center co-doped and mixed ratiometric LuVO4:Nd3+/Yb3+ nanothermometers

During last decade luminescence thermometry has become a widely studied research field due to its potential applications for real time contactless temperature sensing where usual thermometers cannot be used. Special attention is paid to the development of accurate and reliable thermal sensors with simple reading. To address existing problems of ratiometric thermometers based on thermally-coupled levels, LuVO4:Nd3+/Yb3+ thermal sensors were studied as a proof-of-concept of dual-center thermometer obtained by co-doping or mixture. Both approaches to create a dual-center sensor were compared in terms of energy transfer efficiency, relative sensitivity, and temperature resolution. Effect of excitation mechanism and Yb3+ doping concentration on thermometric performances was also investigated. The best characteristics of S r = 0.34% K−1@298 K and ΔT = 0.2 K were obtained for mixed phosphors upon host excitation.

Estrategias de Comprensión Lectora para Mejorar el Rendimiento Escolar en Estudiantes de Quinto Grado

Reading comprehension is the reader's ability to have and use different strategies that help him/her understand different texts and solve multiple situations to make a certain content his/her own (Madero, 2011, p. 179). The purpose of the project is the implementation of didactic strategies to facilitate reading comprehension in fifth grade students of the Departmental Educational Institution Rodrigo Vives de Andreis, Orihueca, Zona Bananera, Magdalena. We worked with 26 boys and girls between the ages of 9-13 years old. The type of study is qualitative, under the action research method. A psychosocial survey was used to recognize the family environment of the students who represent the population. The didactic strategies based on stories, informative texts, comics, fables, among others, energized with favorable environments in the school environment and creative ludic and pedagogical activities, triggered reactions of attention and concentration of the children, showing satisfactory results in reading comprehension, according to the evaluation and analysis process carried out by the researchers. With the implementation of conventional, simple didactic strategies, based on different types of simple readings, accompanied by pleasant and playful environmental situations, according to the age and socio-educational conditions of the students, an adequate level of reading comprehension was achieved, even with many difficulties, but it is demonstrated that these strategies are of great help to achieve textual comprehension and interest in reading.

Microdome-Tunable Graphene/Carbon Nanotubes Pressure Sensors Based on Polystyrene Array for Wearable Electronics.

Resistive pressure sensors are appealing due to having several advantages, such as simple reading mechanisms, simple construction, and quick dynamic response. Achieving a constantly changeable microstructure of sensing materials is critical for the flexible pressure sensor and remains a difficulty. Herein, a flexible, tunable resistive pressure sensors is developed via simple, low-cost microsphere self-assembly and graphene/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) solution drop coating. The sensor uses polystyrene (PS) microspheres to construct an interlocked dome microstructure with graphene/CNTs as a conductive filler. The results indicate that the interlocked microdome-type pressure sensor has better sensitivity than the single microdome-type and single planar-type without surface microstructure. The pressure sensor’s sensitivity can be adjusted by varying the diameter of PS microspheres. In addition, the resistance of the sensor is also tunable by adjusting the number of graphene/CNT conductive coating layers. The developed flexible pressure sensor effectively detected human finger bending, demonstrating tremendous potential in human motion monitoring.

秦‧漢律의 耐刑과 司寇

In this paper, there was an attempt to analyze Nai耐 shown in Qin and Han''s legal, which was basically to judge Nai耐 as Nai Wei Si Ku耐爲司寇 or Na Yi Li Chen Qie耐爲隷臣妾 by comparing the punishment regulations of Nai Wei Li Chen Qie耐爲隷臣妾 and Si Kou''s case. Qin and Han''s regulations on punishment are almost clear, and it is questionable whether only Nai耐 can know whether Nai Yi Si Kou耐爲司寇 or Nai Wei Li Chen Qie耐 爲隷臣妾 only through such a difficult interpretation process. I tried to set a new standard in this paper, the viewpoint that there were clear and simple standards that anyone could easily grasp at the time. The punishment provisions of Qin and Han''s legal are very clearly stipulated almost unquestionably, and only Nai耐 must go through such an intricate interpretation process. From the point of view that there was a clear and simple standard that could be easily grasped by any official at that time. Through the case of punishment for Nai Wei Li Chen Qie耐爲 隷臣妾, I emphasized that the grounds for punishment for Nai Wei Li Chen Qie耐爲隷臣妾 were theft, beating, prisoners of war, injury, inheritance, and desertion, and that at least there were no cases of punishment for misconduct related to the public. Perhaps the crime is Nai Wei Li Chen Qie耐爲隷臣妾, and if the punishment related to the public official, especially the punishment for management related to management, Nai耐 is likely to be Nai Wei Si Ku耐爲司寇. In other words, Nai Wei Si Kou耐爲司寇 was considered to have different types and targets of punishment as punishment for general crimes other than Nai Wei Li Chen Qie耐爲隷臣妾. In addition, this paper attempted a new interpretation of the characteristics of Si Kou司寇 and Zuo Ru Si Kou作如司寇, which had been controversial for a long time, through examples of simple reading documents excavated. In this paper, it was emphasized that if Si Kou is divided into male and Zuo Ru Si Kou作如司寇 is interpreted as female, the relevant sentences of The Legal Text of Year 2二年律令 and Han Shu Xing Fa Zhi漢書刑法志 are contradictory. Based on The Legal Text of Year 2二 年律令 and The Bamboo Slips of the Qin Dynamic Collected in Yuelu Academy岳麓秦簡, if I look at Zuo Ru Si Kou作如司寇, this is correspond to Cheng Dan Si Ko城旦司寇 and Chong Si Ku舂司寇 and Cheng Dan Chung Si Ku城旦舂司寇.

A Reliability Assessment of an Industrial Communication Protocol on a Windows OS Embedded PC for an Oil Rig Control Application

The reliability is an important criterion for the applications. Especially when there are humans involved in activity. There are limited number of works addressing the reliability concerns of a digital industrial plant scenario with machine to machine (M2M) communications. Results on a windows embedded platform are rare as well. In this paper, we investigate the suitability of such devices for presenting the data of a digital oil rig to the humans. There can be two types of reads. A simple one regarding current values of observed variables. Also a period of their occurrences can be recalled, referred to as an Historic read. For the review made by Geological teams for residues of ore, an algorithm can consider both techniques. Our observations indicate: the simple reads are more resilient than the historical ones that represent a data past of a readable variable.

THE POLYSEMY OF LEGAL TERMS

This article discusses the need to represent the progressive aspects of determinologization which can be understood both as the process by which terms pass from specialized language to everyday language and its result, i.e. use of terms in a non-specialized context. It is known that semantic changes are likely to occur, such as the appearance of a less deep meaning, or metaphors, or puns. We can consider this process to be continuous at two levels. First, the terms don’t move directly into a non-specialized language. Rather, they could be used in different genres and different levels of specialized linguistic communication in the process. Second, the terms gradually become part of general language over time. This article emphasizes the polysemy of legal terms - a phenomenon that occurs when a word can have multiple meanings and is evident from a simple reading of any legal dictionary.

The combination of deep breathing and mental imagery promotes cardiovascular recovery in firefighters

Firefighters’ rescue operations involve intense physical activity associated with a high level of cardiovascular stress. To sustain such intense physical performance whilst maintaining a healthy heart, it is crucial that they benefit from rapid recovery between each intervention. This study aimed at investigating the impacts of a recovery protocol combining deep breathing and mental imagery. Forty firefighters were divided into two experimental groups which undertook two maximum fitness tests separated by either the control recovery protocol (30 min reading time; n = 20) or the experimental recovery protocol (30 min of deep breathing and mental imagery; n = 20). When compared to the pre-tests, the percentage evolution ratios in the post-tests for the Cooper performance, the heart rate recovery and the parasympathetic reactivation were promoted by the experimental protocol, compared to simple reading. In light of these results, we propose the use of practices of deep-breathing combined with mental imagery to improve firefighters’ recovery. Practitioner summary: Firefighters’ activities involve intense physical activities associated with a high level of psychological stress. Enhancing their recovery after each rescue intervention appears crucial. The results of this study showed that a recovery protocol combining deep breathing and mental imagery promotes heart rate recovery and better maintenance of physical fitness.

Eliezer Yehudah Waldenberg, Hilchot Medina, “Incarceration in prison and its definitions, and the punishment of exile”

Eliezer Yehudah Waldenberg, <i>Hilchot Medina</i>, “Incarceration in prison and its definitions, and the punishment of exile”

New module for simulating experiments without irradiation included in the DIONISIO 3.0 code

We present a new module included in the DIONISIO 3.0 code, extending its capabilities to analyze experiments without irradiation in two-dimensional domains with axial symmetry and three-dimensional domains. The code can analyze any material and geometry subject to histories of variable temperature, pressure, composition of the atmosphere, etc. Based on the finite element method, the code can build simple geometries or read meshes adapting them to the specific case to be simulated. We compare the calculations of the module in different scenarios to analyze the behavior of rods and UO2 pellets. In the former, we used several ballooning experiments under constant pressure or temperature over diverse atmospheres. A description of the evolution of a crack in the cladding is included. In the latter, we use a thermal densification model included in the code to analyze the porosity behavior during re-sintering processes.

Creencias versus conocimiento en futuro profesorado. Un estudio comparado sobre neuromitos a nivel internacional

Neuromyths are mistaken beliefs about the brain and its functioning and are based on pseudoscientific arguments or misinterpretations of certain findings. These erroneous ideas may stem from erroneous or poorly explained information from mass communication, ignorance of technical language in neuroscience, or limited access to primary sources. In assessing the level of neuromyths awareness in a Spanish-speaking sample of future teachers, and in seeking to replicate previous research on in-service teachers, this study applied a Spanish-translated version of the questionnaire created by Dekker et al. (2012). An instrument of 32 statements on the brain and learning, 12 of which were neuromyths, was applied to a sample of 99 early childhood education students from Chile and Spain. The results showed high neuromyth adhesion in both groups. Despite increasing evidence refuting some of these erroneous conceptions, these results conclusively showed a persisting neuroscientific knowledge gap in future educators. The consequences of such incomprehension or distortions of valid scientific knowledge in educational praxis impel us to insist on evidence-based education. Indeed, beyond simple reading, the careful selection and inclusion of scientific sources in the initial teacher training are essential for training teachers to read critically and reflectively; they will be able to make educational decisions based on available scientific evidence.

Empiricism or Its Dialectical Destruction?

Pamphilus’s introductory letter opens up contradictory ways of reading Hume’s Dialogues. The first, suggested by his claim to be a “mere auditor” to the dialogues that were “deeply imprinted in [his] memory,” is the empiricist reading. This traditional reading has gone several ways, including to the conclusions that the design of the mosquito and other “curious artifices of nature” that inflict pain and suffering on all bespeaks an utterly careless and insensate (if not malign) creator. Pamphilus’s preface also opens a more philosophical reading by his consideration of the ancient literary form of dialogue. This second interpretive path suggests that there is more design in its writing, and more revealed in it, than simple empiricist readings allow. Dialogically elucidating the Dialogues confronts us with the limits of empiricism in moral and religious philosophy. Hume’s last work, if read philosophically, exhibits the vacancy of empiricism.

阅读认知策略、主题熟悉度和文本难易对汉语阅读理解的影响

Experiments were conducted on 370 Korean junior students in China to explore the impact of reading cognitive strategies, subject familiarity and textual difficulty on their Chinese reading comprehension. The results found that: Among any reading materials that are familiar or difficult, the reading comprehension scores obtained using the organizational strategy are the highest, and the reading comprehension scores obtained using the repetition strategy are the lowest. In the simple reading materials, regardless of the familiarity, the reading comprehension scores obtained by using the organization strategy and the fine processing strategy are higher than those obtained by the retelling strategy. Among the complex reading materials, when the degree of familiarity is high, the reading comprehension scores obtained by using organizational strategies> the reading comprehension scores obtained by using fine processing strategies> the reading comprehension scores obtained by using retelling strategies, and there are significant differences. However, when the degree of familiarity is low, the results of using organizational strategies are significantly higher than those of fine processing strategies and retelling strategies.This paper also analyzes the research results and puts forward corresponding suggestions for the Chinese reading teaching of Korean junior high school students.

La Parábola del Samaritano: Una Propuesta Contracultural

This article tries to approach an interpretative reading of the Parable of the Samaritan&nbsp;from the text and the context to deepen it; that is to say, to go beyond a simple reading&nbsp;whose teaching is Christian practice but seen in isolation. It aims to introduce the reader to the text from a Christological perspective. That is, to see in the parable a metaphor of Jesus of Nazareth and his action in favor of the Kingdom of justice that&nbsp;appeals to the God whose entrails are of mercy. And, in this sense - as E. Schweizer&nbsp;says - see how Jesus is the parable of God. Therefore, the parable contains much more&nbsp;than a simple teaching. It expresses the infinite and saving love of God, made in the&nbsp;person of Jesus of Nazareth.

Protection From Influenza by Intramuscular Gene Vector Delivery of a Broadly Neutralizing Nanobody Does Not Depend on Antibody Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity.

Cross-subtype neutralizing single domain antibodies against influenza present new opportunities for immunoprophylaxis and pandemic preparedness. Their simple modular structure and single open reading frame format are highly amenable to gene therapy-mediated delivery. We have previously described R1a-B6, an alpaca-derived single domain antibody (nanobody), that is capable of potent cross-subtype neutralization in vitro of H1N1, H5N1, H2N2, and H9N2 influenza viruses, through binding to a highly conserved epitope in the influenza hemagglutinin stem region. To evaluate the potential of R1a-B6 for immunoprophylaxis, we have reformatted it as an Fc fusion for adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector delivery. Our findings demonstrate that a single intramuscular injection in mice of AAV encoding R1a-B6 fused to Fc fragments of different isotypes equipped either, with or without antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity, was able to drive sustained high-level expression (0.5–1.1 mg/mL) in sera with no evidence of reduction for up to 6 months. R1a-B6-Fc fusions of both isotypes gave complete protection against lethal challenge with both pandemic A/California/07/2009 (H1N1)pdm09 and avian influenza A/Vietnam/1194/2004 (H5N1). This data suggests that R1a-B6 is capable of cross-subtype protection and ADCC was not essential for R1a-B6 efficacy. Our findings demonstrate AAV delivery of cross-subtype neutralizing nanobodies may be an effective strategy to prevent influenza infection and provide long-term protection independent of a host induced immune response.

The Discourse of Nation Building in the Goods and Services Tax (GST) Malaysia Info Web Portal News Articles

This paper explores the choice of language employed by the Malaysian mainstream media to construct the former Barisan Nasional government’s role in nation building in transforming Malaysia from a developing country to a fully developed country by the year 2020 as envisioned by Vision 2020. In particular, this paper focuses on fourteen curated news articles on the GST Malaysia Info web portal set up by the former government to educate the public on the benefits of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) to the country and the people by analysing lexical words with experiential values. The data collection, categorisation and analysis entail the use of simple corpus linguistic tools and close reading of the data based on the researchers’ interpretative resources or “member’s resources” (Fairclough, 2001). The analysis of this study utilising a qualitative approach shows that the people are not only persuaded to ‘buy’ the idea of the new GST tax regime but also to buy into the ideology and discourse of nation building from the introduction of a more efficient way of tax collection. It uncovers how the manipulation of an educational campaign on the GST into a political discourse of nation building produces a positive portrayal of the government with an efficient economic development plan. Drawing on Fairclough’s (1989, 2001, 2015) three-dimensional Critical Discourse Analysis framework with a focus on different values of formal linguistic features , this study offers insights into the interplay between language, politics and nation building. Keywords: Goods and Services Tax (GST); mainstream media; Critical Discourse Analysis; nation building; experiential value of words

Disfluencies and Strategies Used by People Who Stutter During a Working Memory Task.

Purpose Working memory (WM) deficits are implicated in various communication disorders, including stuttering. The reading span test (RST) measures WM capacity with the dual task of reading sentences aloud and remembering target words. This study demonstrates a difference in strategy between people who stutter (PWS) and people who do not stutter (PWNS) in performing the RST. The impact of the effective strategy and the stuttering-like disfluencies during the RST were investigated. Method Twenty-six PWS and 24 people who do not stutter performed the RST and a simple reading aloud task. After the RST, they were asked which strategy ("imagery" or "rehearsal") they had used in order to remember the target words during the task. Results The proportion of those who used an "imagery" strategy during the RST was significantly smaller in the PWS group. However, the RST scores of those who used an "imagery" strategy were significantly higher than the RST scores of those who used a "rehearsal" strategy in both groups. The "rehearsal" users were asked to undertake one more RST with an "imagery" strategy, which resulted in an increased score for both groups. The disfluency frequency of the PWS group was significantly reduced during the RST than during the oral reading task, irrespective of the employed strategy. Conclusions PWS tended to use the less effective verbal "rehearsal" strategy during the RST. The differential effects of switching strategies on the measured WM capacity and on the disfluency rate suggest that the enhanced fluency during the RST would be mostly attributable to the reduced attention to speech motor control. Therefore, the use of the "imagery" strategy and focusing on the contents of communication, away from speech motor control, should help PWS communicate better in daily conversation.