Silicon Strip Vertex Detector Research Articles

Online Data Reduction for the Belle II Experiment using DATCON

The new Belle II experiment at the asymmetric $e^+ e^-$ accelerator SuperKEKB at KEK in Japan is designed to deliver a peak luminosity of $8\times10^{35}\text{cm}^{-2}\text{s}^{-1}$. To perform high-precision track reconstruction, e.g. for measurements of time-dependent CP-violating decays and secondary vertices, the Belle II detector is equipped with a highly segmented pixel detector (PXD). The high instantaneous luminosity and short bunch crossing times result in a large stream of data in the PXD, which needs to be significantly reduced for offline storage. The data reduction is performed using an FPGA-based Data Acquisition Tracking and Concentrator Online Node (DATCON), which uses information from the Belle II silicon strip vertex detector (SVD) surrounding the PXD to carry out online track reconstruction, extrapolation to the PXD, and Region of Interest (ROI) determination on the PXD. The data stream is reduced by a factor of ten with an ROI finding efficiency of >90% for PXD hits inside the ROI down to 50 MeV in $p_\text{T}$ of the stable particles. We will present the current status of the implementation of the track reconstruction using Hough transformations, and the results obtained for simulated \Upsilon(4S) $\rightarrow \, B\bar{B}$ events.

The VELO Upgrade

A significant upgrade of the LHCb detector is scheduled to be installed in 2018–2019. Afterwards all sub-detectors will be read out at the LHC bunch crossing frequency of 40 MHz and the trigger will be fully implemented in software. The silicon strip vertex detector will be replaced by a hybrid pixel detector. In these proceedings the following items are discussed: frontend ASIC, data rates, data transmission, cooling, radiation hard sensors, module design and simulated performance.

Performance, radiation damage effects and upgrade of the LHCB vertex locator

LHCb is a dedicated experiment to study new physics in the decays of heavy hadrons at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. Heavy hadrons are identified through their flight distance in the Vertex Locator (VELO), the retractable silicon-strip vertex detector surrounding the LHCb interaction point at only 8mm from the beam during normal LHC operation. The VELO consists of a series of silicon micro-strip detectors and operates in an extreme and highly non-uniform radiation environment. The performance of the LHCb VELO during the first three years of LHC physics running and the primary results from radiation damage studies are presented. Plans for an upgraded detector by 2018 with a 40MHz readout are also presented.

THE ALL-SILICON STRIP CMS TRACKER: MICROTECHNOLOGY AT THE MACROSCALE

The CMS silicon strip tracker is the largest device of its kind ever built, and is the first instance of a large collider detector relying exclusively on this all-silicon technology for tracking. With an instrumented surface of over 200 m2, and over nine million readout channels, it is two orders of magnitude larger than the silicon vertex detectors of the LEP experiments, and 30–40 times larger than the silicon inner detectors of the CDF and D0 experiments at the Tevatron. It makes use of microelectronics technology, but deploys it at the macroscale. The photograph below shows the completed CMS silicon tracker, ready for installation in the experiment, side by side with the silicon strip vertex detector of the OPAL experiment at LEP. Approximately a decade and more than two orders of magnitude in scale separate these two silicon strip detectors. [Formula: see text] In the following we motivate the choice of an all-silicon tracker for the CMS experiment, and discuss the reasons for the major design choices that define the system.

The design and performance of the ZEUS micro vertex detector

In order to extend the tracking acceptance, to improve the primary and secondary vertex reconstruction and thus enhancing the tagging capabilities for short lived particles, the ZEUS experiment at the HERA Collider at DESY installed a silicon strip vertex detector. The barrel part of the detector is a 63 cm long cylinder with silicon sensors arranged around an elliptical beampipe. The forward part consists of four circular shaped disks. In total just over 200k channels are read out using 2.9 m 2 of silicon. In this report a detailed overview of the design and construction of the detector is given and the performance of the completed system is reviewed.

The CLEO III upgrade

The CLEO detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR) is completing a major upgrade that significantly extends its physics reach in the study of heavy quarks and leptons. The major elements of this detector upgrade are the installation of a “fast” ring imaging Cherenkov detector, a new central drift chamber and a new barrel-style silicon strip vertex detector. Trigger and data acquisition systems are also upgraded. We summarize the status of these detector subsystems as well as the parallel CESR upgrade.

The CDF silicon vertex detector

A silicon strip vertex detector was designed, constructed and commissioned at the CDF experiment at the Tevatron collider at Fermilab. The mechanical design of the detector, its cooling and monitoring are presented. The front end electronics employing a custom VLSI chip, the readout electronics and various components of the SVX system are described. The system performance and the experience with the operation of the detector in the radiation environment are discussed. The device has been taking colliding beams data since May of 1992, performing at its best design specifications and enhancing the physics program of CDF.

A silicon strip vertex detector for LHC

Physics motivations and experimental conditions for vertex measurements at future large hadron colliders (LHC, SSC) are given. A conceptual design of a possible silicon strip vertex detector for the ATLAS spectrometer is presented, including initial Monte Carlo studies and R&D prototyping.

Development and test of a large silicon strip system for a hadron collider Beauty trigger

Large apecture forward spectrometers with planar geometry perpendicular to the beam line are the natural detectors to accomodate the expected forward peaking of Beauty particle production at high energy hadron colliders. We have designed, built and tested a prototype planar silicon strip vertex detector for triggering such a spectrometer system. The test system consisted of 43 000 channels, configured in six planes, each with four quadrants, perpendicular to the beam line and installed inside the SPS-collider vacuum pipe at the center of an interaction region. Events recorded with the rf shield of the silicon system 1.5 mm from the circulating beams show negligible event-unrelated background.

The Mark II silicon strip vertex detector

A silicon strip vertex detector consisting of 36 modules has been built and operated in the Mark II solenoidal detector at the Stanford Linear Collider. The construction of the detector modules, their performance tests, the stability and accuracy of their placement, and the precision alignment of the complete device prior to and after installation are discussed. We also describe the operation of the vertex detector, and we discuss the measurement of impact parameters of charged particle tracks in conjunction with the Mark II wire drift chambers.

Performance of the capacitive displacement measuring system of the Mark II detector at the SLC

Abstract A capacitive displacement measuring system was used to monitor as a function of time the relative position of the silicon strip vertex detector with respect to the drift chamber vertex detector of the Mark II experiment at the Stanford Linear Collider. We present data from the July to November 1990 run describing the performance of this system. The system tracked horizontal and vertical motions transverse to the beam direction to an accuracy of 3 μm over the five-month period.

The Mark II silicon strip vertex detector and performance of a silicon detector telescope in the Mark II detector at the SLC

A silicon strip vertex detector (SSVD) consisting of 36 independent silicon detector modules has been built for use in the Mark II detector at the SLAC Linear Collider (SLC). The performance of the individual modules and the stability and accuracy of their placement in the mechanical support are discussed. Top gain operational experience at the SLC, a telescope made of three silicon detector modules has been assembled and placed inside the Mark II. Results from the first data run of the SLC on the overall performance of the telescope, including backgrounds, charged particle tracking, and spatial resolution, are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

An alignment method for the mark II silicon strip vertex detector using an X-ray beam

Abstract Silicon strip vertex detector consisting of 36 independent detector modules is being constructed for use in the Mark II detector at a SLAC Linear Collider. This paper describes a method for determining the relative alignment of the modules to a precision better than the 5 μm intrinsic resolution of the detectors. The basic procedure involves moving the vertex detector by known amounts through a fixed, collimated X-ray beam, and using the beam position reconstructed from the detected signals to determine the relative positions and orientations of the modules. Results from tests of the method on a subset of detectors are presented.

A silicon strip vertex detector for the Mark II experiment at the SLAC linear collider

The design and status of a silicon strip vertex detector for the Mark II experiment at the SLAC Linear Collider are described.

Status of the silicon strip vertex detector for the Mark II experiment at the SLC

A silicon-strip vertex detector is being constructed for use in the Mark II detector in the study of Z/sup 0/ decays at the SLAC Linear Collider. The status of the project, including the performance of the individual silicon detector modules, is presented. The discussion covers beam tests, vertex resolution, detector modules, module performance, and mechanical support and alignment. >