Sikar District Research Articles

Geographical Study of Workplace Stress Among Working Women in Sikar District, Rajasthan, India

Geographical Study of Workplace Stress Among Working Women in Sikar District, Rajasthan, India

Evaluation of Drug Management of Essential Hypertension in Patients in the Sikar District (Rajasthan)

Evaluation of Drug Management of Essential Hypertension in Patients in the Sikar District (Rajasthan)

Promotion of fenugreek organic farming through front-line demonstrations in Sikar district of Rajasthan

A field study for promotion of fenugreek organic farming through front-linedemonstrations (FLDs) was conducted in Sikar district of Rajasthan during2019-20 to 2021-22 (3 years) under Mission for Integrated Development ofHorticulture (MIDH) scheme by the ICAR-National Research Centre onSeed Spices, Ajmer. A total 29 farmers of 11 villages of Sikar wereidentified to carry out the study. All 29 farmers were supplied improvedvariety of fenugreek along with organic input viz. Trichoderma, FYM andbotanicals/neem oil. After harvesting and threshing of fenugreek everyyear, yield data was recorded from each farmer fields. As per comparisonof yield data between FLDs of organic farming and farmers/traditionalpractice it was reported that the mean yield of FLDs of organic farming offenugreek was 6.25, 7.41 and 18.94% higher in comparison tofarmers/traditional practice during 2019-20, 2020-21 and 2021-22respectively. Farmers were satisfied with yield and visual quality offenugreek seed harvested under organic farming and willing to continueorganic farming in fenugreek. Therefore, organic farming in fenugreekcould be widely promoted in Sikar district of Rajasthan to achievesustainable development goals.

A Study on Khatu Shyam Temple Rajasthan

According to Hindu religion, Khatu Shyam ji had received a boon from Shri Krishna in Dwaparyug that he would be worshiped by his name Shyam in Kaliyug. Barbarik ji's head was buried in Khatu Nagar (present-day Sikar district of Rajasthan state), hence he is called Khatu Shyam Baba. According to the story, a cow came to that place and was spontaneously releasing milk from her breasts every day. Later, after excavation, the head was revealed, which was handed over to a Brahmin for a few days. Once the king of Khatu Nagar was inspired in a dream to build a temple and to adorn that head in the temple. Subsequently a temple was constructed at that place and the head was decorated in the temple on the Ekadashi of Kartik month, which is celebrated as the birthday of Baba Shyam. The original temple was built in 1027 AD by Roop Singh Chauhan and his wife Narmada Kanwar. Abhay Singh, Dewan of Thakur, the ruler of Marwar, renovated the temple in 1720 AD on the instructions of Thakur. Khatu Shyam Ji Temple is located in Sikar district of Rajasthan and is considered one of the most important pilgrimage sites in the state. According to Hindu mythology , Khatu Shyam ji is the incarnation of Barbarik, son of Ghatotkach. It is said that devotees who chant his name with a true heart are blessed and their troubles go away , if they do so with true devotion.

Estimation of natural radioactivity in the soil samples around the uranium site, royal village, Khandela, Sikar district, Rajasthan.

The measurements of activity concentration of radium ( 226Ra ), thorium ( 232Th) and potassium ( 40K ) natural radionuclides using high purity germanium ( HPGe ) detector to assess harmful effects on people residing around Royal Uranium Site, Sikar, Rajasthan, India. The activity concentrations range from 29.03±3.72 to 69.95±4.07Bq/kg for 226Ra with a mean value of 47.01Bq/kg, 57.99±6.13 to 113.94±6.54Bq/kg with a mean value of 86.56Bq/kg for 232Th,678.19±76.36 to 1426.55±81.32Bq/kg for 40K with a mean value of 1195Bq/kg. Average Radium Equivalent Activity was measured 261.59±35.48Bq/kg. The total outdoor absorbed gamma dose rate ranged from 78.42 to 157.91 nGy/h with a mean value of 122.12 nGy/h.The average annual effective dose equivalent outdoors and indoors was found 0.75mSv.Mean external (Hex) and internal (Hin) hazard indices are measured 0.70 and 0.82, respectively, for the study area.

Scourge of high fluoride in groundwater; its implication on human health and mitigation strategies: a case study of Sikar district, Rajasthan, India

Scourge of high fluoride in groundwater; its implication on human health and mitigation strategies: a case study of Sikar district, Rajasthan, India

Nonea echioides (Boraginaceae) : An addition to flora of India from Sikar District of Rajasthan, India

The genus Nonea belonging to the family Boraginaceae includes 44 accepted species. In the present study, Nonea echioides was collected from Rajasthan (India). So far only N. pulla is mentioned in flora. From the other regions of the world, the species N. echioides has been reported from Iran and Iraq. The site where the present plant species is found, is located in Sikar district of Rajasthan. A detailed description of the plant along with distribution, flowering and fruiting periods, artificial key and photographs are provided for easy identification.

Corrosivity Analysis of Groundwater of Ganeshwar Village in Neemkathana Block of Sikar District (Rajasthan) India

Corrosion is an important water quality tribulation as it tends to increase some metals in drinking water pipes and fittings, which can also affect the public health. The following items are made from metals like steel, lead and copper or other metals such as: water flowing pipes, storage tanks, solders and pipe fittings etc., and if the water have corrosiveness nature then the metals will be dissolved sometimes in water and these metals creates both problems as aesthetic and health-related in certain cases. The Langelier index (LI), aggressive index (AI), Ryznar index (RI), Puckorius index (PI), and Lar-son-Skold index (LS) are the most common corrosion and scaling indices. The AI is a good scaling index as compared to others and can be used in all parameters. In this study aggressive index (AI) is used. The corrosivity of groundwater of Ganeshwar village of Neemkathana block is taken to evaluate its suitability for human health. For this purpose, groundwater samples were collected during the period of January 2022 to December 2022 from the bore-well of the sampling sites. The physicochemical parameters like pH, total hardness and total alkalinity were selected and tested as per the norms of BIS (IS 10500: 2012) standard and compared simultaneously. The AI indices reveals that the potable water of borewell of Ganeshwar village did not have corrosivity and does not corrosively damage the storage tank and supply water pipes lines and fittings.

Geology of the Copper Mineralization in Proterozoic Ajabgarh Meta-Sediments of, Dokan-Dariba Belt, Sikar District Rajasthan Northwestern India

The Khetri copper belt is a well-known metallotect in northern part of Delhi fold belt in Rajasthan. On the eastern margin of the Khetri sub basin of North Delhi basin separated by a basement high, another sub basin Alwar-Ajabgarh sub basin exposes that a thick sequence of Ajabgarh group of rocks overlies a thick arenaceous sequence of Alwar group of Delhi Super Group of rocks. The Ajabgarh meta sediments here in the Neem Ka thana area are characterized by presence of Bornite dominated copper mineralization with silver association and minor presence of Pb. The mineralization has been described by various workers as strata-bound, hypogene and IOCG. But these inferences are based on part information and the inference drawn is sectorial in nature. The current study includes a holistic study based on exploration over a period of more than two decades and the data generated suggest thereof, that this syngenetic sulphide mineralization associated with the sedimentation of marl and carbonate rocks. Subsequently it has been relocated during 2nd deformation accompanied by epigenetic component of mineralization depicted in terms of vein filled coarse grained aggregates of bornite and chalcopyrite disposed across the general disposition of litho-package. The EPMA and fluid inclusion data generated from the area indicate association of typical hydrothermal environment minerals like, Perkrite, Wittchenite, Aguilarite, Molybdnite etc. The mineralizing fluids have been trapped between the temperature ranges of 130°C to 375°C with average being 250°C to 300°C. The fluid salinity also varies from near pure hot water to moderately saline fluid indicative of multi-episodic mineralization of syngenetic nature coupled with epigenetic component. The ore textures indicate 500°C temperature range; certain intergrowths of minerals like specular hematite and bornite suggest the occurrence of hypogene environment induced due to emplacement of granite/pegmatite on the eastern and southern margins of the belt. The strata bound nature suggests the euxogenic environment facilitated by carbonate facies of rocks. The parallelism of sulphide with the rock fabric was attained during first deformation and the epigenetic component coupled with the hypogene assemblage was deposited during the D2 deformation in the brittle ductile shear zones and limb shears, between the temperature ranges of 130°C to 570°C as deduced from petrochemical data. Hence a comprehensive model is suggested here on evolution of process of mineralization in the Neem Ka Thana belt.

To Study on Knowledge of Onion Crop Production Technology by Farmers Sikar District of Rajasthan, India

Agriculture is a major sector of the Indian economy, which provides employment for large proportion of the predominantly rural population. Besides this it also provides food for human consumption and raw materials for industries. There has been tremendous growth (20.32 per cent compound) in exports of processed fruit and vegetables particularly following new economic policies. India is the second largest producer of vegetables in the world next only to China. The average productivity of vegetable crops in India is considerable low (18 metric tons per hectare) as compared to that in other agriculturally developed countries of the world.
 Agriculture sectors crop production has its own emphasis and importance. The study was conducted in Sikar district of Rajasthan to measure the knowledge and adoption of onion crop production technology. Total 120 respondents were selected randomly. The data was collected by personal interview method by using pre structure interview schedule later appropriate statistical analysis is done to find out the meaningful results. The majority of the respondents 50 percentage belongs to middle aged group. 35.84 percentage belongs to illiterate and 48.33 percent were doing agriculture as main occupation. 46.67 per cent have medium income level. Majority of 49.17 per cent respondents belongs to low level of knowledge and 44.17 per cent belongs to medium adoption level.

Age of Uranium Mineralisation from North Delhi Fold Belt (NDFB): Evidences from U-Pb, Pb-Pb and Sm-Nd Systematics

Abstract Results of multi-method geochronological study (U-Pb, Pb-Pb and Sm-Nd), on uranium mineralized rocks along the albitite line in the North Delhi Fold Belt (NDFB, Rajasthan, India) are presented. The Pb-Pb ages obtained, on uranium mineralized core samples, from Rohil uranium deposit, Sikar district, Rajasthan (south western part of NDFB), are 836 ± 5 Ma (Pb Sequential Leaching-PbSL, weighted average of 11 isochron ages), 826 ± 9 Ma (Pb-Pb isochron age on uraninite), 842 ± 18 Ma (U-Pb concordia upper intercept age, on uraninite). Similar ages of uraninites were also obtained from areas close to Rohil uranium deposit i.e. Jahaz (823 ± 10 Ma, U-Pb and 826 ± 14 Ma, Pb-Pb) and Ghateshwar areas (834 ± 14 Ma, U-Pb concordia upper intercept age and 826 ± 25 Ma, Pb-Pb isochron age). The ages of uranium mineralisation (PbSL) further in northeastern part of NDFB i.e. in Gorir area, Jhunjhunu district, Rajasthan, are 827 ± 7 Ma, 818 ± 24 Ma (PbSL) and in Dhancholi area, Mahendragarh Dist., Haryana, are 824 ± 12 Ma (U-Pb) and 824 ± 6.5 Ma (Pb-Pb). The above age data in general indicates age of uranium mineralization as 830 Ma in the NDFB. These ages are consistent with age of uranium mineralization in albitites from Brazil.

Genesis of Magmatic Albitite Related Hydrothermal Uranium Mineralisation in Geratiyon-ki-Dhani, Sikar District, Rajasthan: Evidences from Fluid Inclusion Studies

Abstract Geratiyon-ki-Dhani (GKD) area is located in Khetri sub-basin of North Delhi Fold Belt and exposes metasediments of Ajabgarh Group. The Ajabgarh Group comprises quartz-biotite schist which is intruded by albitite and granite. The primary uranium phases viz. davidite and brannerite occurring with calcite and /or quartz veins are common in albitite. Quartz and calcite from mineralised albitite have been selected for characterization of the ore-forming fluid, which makes a promising uranium deposit. Fluid inclusion petrography indicated presence of three (03) types of fluid inclusions (FIs) based on phases present at room temperature and mode of occurrence; polyphase (type 1a & 1b) and biphase (type 2) inclusions. Type 1a FIs are primary in nature and are composed of vapour bubble, salt crystals with <50% liquid phase and are irregular or negative crystal in shape varying in size between 12–23μm and occasionally contain hematite grain. The type 1a inclusions homogenised mostly by dissolution of salt crystal between 243-382°C (mode=340°C, n=30) corresponding to salinity of 34.32–46.13 wt% NaCl-eq (mode=42wt% NaCl-eq, n=30). Type 1b FIs have vapour bubble, salt crystal with > 50% liquid phase, occur as trans-granular trails and in clusters, having irregular shapes with size varying from <5–12μm. The inclusions homogenised by disappearance of salt crystals at 209 to 294°C (mode= 280°C, n=35) corresponding to salinity range from 29.03–38.59 wt% NaCl-eq (mode=36wt% NaCl-eq, n=35). A wide range of overlap is noted in salinity (34.32–38.59 wt% NaCl-eq) and homogenization temperature (243 – 294°C), histograms of type 1a & 1b inclusions suggest them to be part of a common fluid activity. Polyphase inclusions show simple cooling and follow halite saturation curve in salinity-temperature diagram. Biphase inclusions are invariably associated with type 1b and also show a cooling trend. On the basis of fluid characteristics, it is concluded that magmatic albitite has provided single mineralising solution resulting in davidite enriched mineralisation. The gradual cooling of high temperature (243- 382°C), high saline (34.32– 46.13 wt% NaC-leq) hydrothermal fluids has ensued U-mineralisation in GKD. The evidences presented here are significant as magmatic albitite hosted mineralisation is found for the first time in North Delhi Fold Belt of Khetri sub-basin of northwest India. It has opened a new concept for exploration which will help more resource addition.

Comparison of Metasomatic and Pegmatite Type of Mineralization in and near Rohil Uranium Deposit, Sikar District, Rajasthan, India: An Insight from Field Relations, Petrography and Mineral Chemistry

Abstract A new type of uranium mineralization, associated with late stage pegmatitic activity and quartzo-feldspathic injections has been identified in Rohil West that lies at about 500 m west of main Rohil uranium deposit. The injections have caused extensive deformation and silicifications of host quartz-muscovite-biotite schist. Uranium mineralization is represented by uranitite occurring in association with high temperature phases like allanite, monazite and zircon. Uranitite forms coarse to medium euhedral - subhedral grains showing intergrowth textures with minerals like quartz, feldspar and biotite of quartzo-feldspathic injections. Uraninites contained high ThO2 2.67-7.21wt% (av. 4.78%, n=30) and high Re2O3 (2.35-4.31 wt.%, n=30). Chemical age of uranitite is calculated as 675-834Ma. In view of intergrowth textures, high ThO2 content and association with quartzo-feldspathic injections uranium mineralization in Rohil West block is interpreted as Pegmatitic Type. The recognition of granite-pegmatite related uranium mineralization in Rohil West has opened up another dimension for the exploration, in addition to the largely Metasomatite Type uranium mineralization at Rohil. The possible extensions of newer type of uranium mineralization in NDFB need to be interpreted from heliborne geophysical data for the search of satellite deposit to Rohil.

Feasibility of biogas plant in Sikar district Rajasthan

A study was conducted to evaluate performance of biogas plant in Sikar district of Rajasthan (India). Existing biogas plant constructed and commissioned to Biogas Development and Training Center, Udaipur in District Sikar were considered for the study. Out of total 1383 biogas plant constructed in District Sikar 60 biogas plants were selected on random basis. A questionnaire was prepared for the study. Out of selected 60 biogas plants, 54 plants were found operational or 6 plants were found non-operational due to migration of cattle. The bio-slurry is collected in a pit and used as manure once or twice in a year. Mostly Deenbandhu type biogas plants are installed.

An Evaluative Study on Resources, Training and Level of Knowledge in Handling Crime Scene Photography amongst Police Officials at Sikar District of Rajasthan

An Evaluative Study on Resources, Training and Level of Knowledge in Handling Crime Scene Photography amongst Police Officials at Sikar District of Rajasthan

"An Economic Analysis of Production of Cauliflower in Sikar District of Rajasthan"

"The present investigation was undertaken to study about costs and returns from the cultivation of cauliflower in Sikar district of Rajasthan. In this study, primary data were collected from the selected cauliflower cultivators through personal interview method with the help of pre- structured schedule. The study concluded that, on an average, total costs of cauliflower cultivation was estimated at ` 79786 per hectare. Out of which, overall total operational costs were observed as ` 55718 per hectare (i.e., 69.83 percent of total costs). It was decreased with the increase in farm size holdings whereas, total fixed costs were calculated at ` 24068 per hectare which accounts for 30.17 per cent of total costs. It was found positive relationship with the size of farms holdings. Total cost of cultivation of cauliflower was highest on medium farms (` 91764) and lowest on marginal farms (` 77511). The results also revealed that major components of cost of cauliflower cultivation were found human labour with ` 22482 per hectare followed by rental value of owned land (` 21265 per hectare), cost of manure (` 10340 per hectare) and cost of improved seed (` 9498 per hectare). The results of study indicated that overall gross returns obtained from cauliflower cultivation were ` 243275 per hectare. Gross returns were found to be highest (` 286750 per hectare) on medium farm and lowest (` 231250 per hectare) on marginal farms. On an average, cost of production in cauliflower was estimated at ` 670. The cost of production was found maximum (` 682 per quintal) on marginal farms and minimum (` 651 per quintal) on medium farms. It was decreased with increase in the farm size groups. It was observed that, an overall return per rupee earned from cauliflower cultivation was ` 2.77. Among the farm size groups, return was estimated as ` 2.71, ` 2.82, ` 2.83 and ` 2.84 per rupee on marginal, small, semi-medium and medium farm, respectively."

Status of available micronutrients in soils of Neem Ka Thana tehsil, Sikar district of Rajasthan

The study was conducted to evaluate available micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn) status and their relationship with some of the soil properties. In general, textural class of soils was found to be in the category of sandy loam, sandy clay loam, loamy sand and loam.The pH of soils varied from 7.3 to 8.9, EC varied from 0.03 to 1.11 dSm-1 with a mean value of 0.14 dSm-1, Organic carbon varied from 0.02 to 1.05 g kg-1 with a mean value of 0.37 g kg-1, CaCO3 ranged from 0.77 to 17.43 g kg-1 with a mean value of 4.20 g kg-1. DTPA- Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn ranged from 0.02 to 1.84 mg kg-1(mean 0.39 mg kg-1), 2.20 to 12.86 mg kg-1(mean 4.87mg kg-1), 0.15 to 9.68 mg kg-1(0.89 mg kg-1) and 3.38 to 14.70 mg kg-1(8.89 mg kg-1), respectively. The available micronutrients had positive and significantly relationship with silt, clay, and organic carbon of soils whereas, negative one with sand, calcium carbonate and pH of the soils. The deficiencies of Zn, Fe and Cu in these soils were 92, 49 and 14 % respectivelywhereas available Mn was found adequate in all the soils.

Dosimetric assessment of primordial radionuclides in soil and groundwater of Sikar district, Rajasthan

Dosimetric assessment of primordial radionuclides in soil and groundwater of Sikar district, Rajasthan

Knowledge and Awareness Level of COVID-19 among the Farm Women and Its Impact on Agricultural Operation in Sikar District of Rajasthan

In India, agriculture and related industries constitute the most important source of income. Around 120 million small-scale farmers play an important role in the country's food supply system. People's knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding any contagious disease, such as COVID-19, all play a role in determining a society's willingness to accept behavioural change strategies aimed at disease prevention. The majority of respondents (35.00 percent) are between the ages of 35 to 45, with 77 of the total respondents belonging to the OBC categories. The majority of respondents' educational levels were indicated as high school (49.17 percent). The findings of this study revealed that there was a high level of awareness, particularly among farm women, about the nature of disease, its symptoms, and the preventive actions that should be followed to prevent disease transmission. COVID-19 is a contagious disease caused by a virus, according to the majority of respondents (79.17%), and respiratory droplets are the virus's primary method of transmission, according to 75.00 percent of respondents. Farmers should bring their own food and water from home to their agricultural field, as well as soap and water, according to all of the respondents (81.67 percent). Besides, 73.34 percent of respondents believe that wearing a mask and maintaining social distance are necessary during agricultural tasks. COVID- 19 has also had an impact on agriculture. Farm women faced many constraints during this period. Out of which it is difficult to get agricultural inputs, animal feed and vaccines, lack of outside traders for product procurement, lack of technical experts to fix the problem in time, ignorance about government programs during the lockdown.

Impact of front line demonstration on yield and economics of onion

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is one of the most important bulb crops in India, which plays a major role in supplementing the income of small and marginal farmers of Sikar District in Rajasthan. In the district one of the major constraints in onion cultivation is poor keeping quality of local variety. Most of the farmers in the district are still using the locally self produced seeds of unknown source. The cultivation of recommended /released varieties is very limited. To replace this anomaly Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Fatehpur-Shekhawati, Sikar has introduced improved variety of onion through front line demonstration in selected villages of Sikar district with the objective of getting higher production with good storage potentials under real farm situation. The result showed that maximum TSS (13.1%) and average keeping quality (5-6 months) was recorded in demonstration variety whereas, it was very less in farmers practices. On an average the bulb yield achieved by adopting improved production technology was 347.62q/ha, whereas, the corresponding yield ranges under farmers practices was to 343.20q/ha. The economics of data indicated that an average of Rs. 160834/ha was recorded net profit under recommended practices, while it was Rs 62030/ha under farmer practices. Cost benefit ratio was 2.34 under demonstration, while it was 1.90 under farmer practices. The study suggests that front line demonstration is one of the key extension tools for transfer of technology at grass root level that directly impact the horizontal spread of technology. This can be also a good option for enhancing farmers’ income.