Significant Correlation Coefficients Research Articles

Studying the estimates of gamma distribution parameters

The main goal of the work is to obtain additional information about the experimentally obtained sample with a previously known theoretical distribution, the point estimates of the parameters of which are considered known. At the same time, the laws of distribution of these parameters remain unknown, whereas they could provide a researcher with additional information about both the material and technological processes. Hence, it is necessary to obtain an additional number of samples, which is not always possible experimentally. Here we used data on the service life of cutters (GOST 11.011–83 «Rules for determining estimates and confidence limits for gamma distribution parameters») as an experimental sample. The experimental sample contains the results of 50 measurements. The mean was 57.88 hours CI [50.74:65.01]. The confidence probability is taken to be 0.95. Bootstrap was used as a way to obtain additional samples. The universal mathematical package MATLAB is used in the study. Bootstrap allows generation of a large number of samples that require certain selection rules to be applied to them. The first obvious requirement is the significance of the correlation coefficient of the generated sample with the original one. Even at this stage, the bootstrap showed certain limitations in performing the task set in the study. For 1000 samples generated by the standard bootstrap routine, the mean for the population of all mean bootstrap samples was 57.80 hours, and the confidence interval was [50.59:58.08]. The result is good. Though the nonparametric hypothesis regarding an agreement between the bootstrap samples for the gamma distribution and the parameters characteristic of the original experimentally obtained sample was not rejected, the statistically significant correlation coefficient was observed only for 29 bootstrap samples. As a result of meeting these obvious requirements, less than 3% of the generated bootstrap samples remained for further consideration. This fact requires the introduction of additional conditions when using the bootstrap to obtain samples that are close to the original experimental sample, which can be rather specific. To determine the parameters of the gamma distribution for bootstrap samples, the method of moments and the one-step method were used.

Abstract 6191: Simultaneous prediction of tumor microenvironment biomarkers from pathology slides using multi-task deep regression

Abstract Understanding the Tumor Microenvironment (TME) is crucial for tailoring personalized cancer treatments and improving patient outcomes. Using deep learning, we can predict properties of the TME from standard Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stained slides, including specific gene expression signatures. While past models were limited to single signature predictions, we explore the potential of multi-task deep learning to identify multiple biomarkers at once, allowing more complex relationships and interactions to be modeled simultaneously. Our study focuses on the prediction of expression patterns of tumor, stromal, and immune cells in breast cancer (BC). We developed a multi-task transformer-based deep regression model, trained in a weakly-supervised setting, to predict biomarkers in the TME from routine H&E-stained pathology slides of a BC cohort (n=876). The performance was evaluated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) and spatial heatmaps generated via gradient-weighted class activation mapping. Our model achieved a significant correlation coefficient above 0.40 (p<0.0001) for all predicted TME biomarkers in the holdout test set (n=176). This includes the biomarkers lymphocyte infiltrating signature score (r=0.46, p<0.0001), tumor infiltrating lymphocyte regional fraction (r=0.48, p<0.0001), leukocyte fraction (r=0.43, p<0.0001), stromal fraction (r=0.42, p<0.0001), and tumor cell proliferation (r=0.47, p<0.0001). Notably, the model's heatmaps highlighted the pertinent cells and histological characteristics for its predictions. These data show that our deep learning model accurately predicts multiple TME biomarkers concurrently from routine pathology slides. This approach offers a promising avenue for cost-effective and efficient biomarker quantification in the TME, with potential applicability across various cancer types. Citation Format: Omar S. El Nahhas, Marta Ligero, Jakob N. Kather. Simultaneous prediction of tumor microenvironment biomarkers from pathology slides using multi-task deep regression [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 6191.

Adsorption of Methylene Blue Dye and Analysis of Two Clays: A Study of Kinetics, Thermodynamics, and Modeling with DFT, MD, and MC Simulations.

The purpose of this research was to learn more about the primary and secondary properties of Moroccan natural clay in an effort to better investigate innovative adsorbents and gain access to an ideal adsorption system. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis (SEM-EDX) and X-ray fluorescence were employed for identification. SEM revealed clay grains, including tiny particles and unevenly shaped sticks. First- and second-order rate laws, representing two distinct kinetic models, were applied in the kinetic approach. Adsorption of dye MB onto natural clay was studied, and the results agreed with the 2 s order model. The significant correlation coefficients support the inference that the adsorption process was governed by the Langmuir model. Subsequent DFT analyses demonstrated that the methylene blue dye's HOMO and LUMO surfaces are dispersed across most of the dye's components, pointing to a strong interaction with the clay. To determine how the dye might be adsorbed onto the clay, we employed quantum descriptors to locate its most nucleophilic and electrophilic centers. Endothermic reactions are evident during the MB adsorption process on clay, as indicated by the positive values of ΔH0 and ΔS0 (70.49 kJ mol-1of RC and 84.19 kJ mol-1 of OC and 10.45 J mol-1 K-1 of RC and 12.68 mol-1 K-1 of OC, respectively). Additionally dye molecules on the adsorbent exhibit a higher order of distribution than in the solution, indicating that the adsorption process is spontaneous.

Plasma metabolomics identifies S-adenosylmethionine as a biomarker and potential therapeutic target for vascular aging in older adult males

Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is a noninvasive index of vascular aging. However, the metabolic profile underlying vascular aging has not yet been fully elucidated. The current study aimed to identify circulating markers of vascular aging as assessed by baPWV and to elucidate its mechanism from a metabolomic perspective in older adults. A total of 60 and 61 Chinese male participants aged ≥80 years were recruited to the metabolome and validation cohorts, respectively. The baPWV of participants was measured using an automatic waveform analyzer. Plasma metabolic profile was investigated using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole linear ion trap tandem mass spectrometry. Orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS) regression modeling established the association between metabolic profile and baPWV to determine important metabolites predictive of vascular aging. Additionally, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to validate the metabolites in plasma and culture media of vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro. OPLS modeling identified 14 and 22 metabolites inversely and positively associated with baPWV, respectively. These 36 biomarkers were significantly enriched in seven metabolite sets, especially in cysteine and methionine metabolism (p <0.05). Notably, among metabolites involved in cysteine and methionine metabolism, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) level was inversely related to baPWV, with a significant correlation coefficient in the OPLS model (p <0.05). Furthermore, the relationship between SAM and vascular aging was reconfirmed in an independent cohort and at the cellular level in vitro. SAM was independently associated with baPWV after adjustments for clinical covariates (β = −0.448, p <0.001) in the validation cohort. In summary, plasma metabolomics identified an inverse correlation between SAM and baPWV in older males. SAM has the potential to be a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for vascular aging.

Air Quality Changes under the Influence of Cut-Off Lows and Omega Blocking Patterns and Associated Health Risks in a Coastal Mediterranean Region: Case of Bizerte, Northern Tunisia

The study of the daily and diurnal variability of NO, NO2, surface O3 and PM10 was carried out in urban Bizerte (Northern Tunisia), from January to March, 2013. The main results showed three distinct periods depending on multi-scale sources and meteorology. The first period, (≈20% of total cases) influenced by moderately stable conditions, was characterized by a slight excess of NO due to traffic emissions. The second period, (≈ 60% of total cases) associated with moderately unstable conditions, was devoid of any significant impact of sources. The third period, (≈ 20% of total cases) distinguished by noteworthy excess of O3 and PM10, was attributed to a marked effect of succeeding Cut-off lows and Omega blocking patterns. Under these conditions, the scatter plots of NO, NO2, and O3 versus NOx for daytime and nighttime showed good polynomial fit curves with high R2 values for NO and NO2 only. Under both moderately unstable and stable conditions, significant negative correlation coefficients between O3 and NOx were found to be 0.53 (p < 0.05) and 0.50 (p < 0.05) for daytime and nighttime, respectively. Under Cut-off lows and Omega, an absence of any significant correlations between O3 and NOx was noticed. Under Cut-off lows, the good linear regression fits between OX (=O3 + NO2) and NOx illustrated high NOx independent contributions, possibly attributed to the biogenic VOCs effect. The investigation of the air quality index (AQI) for NO2, PM10 and O3 (running 8-h mean) highlighted the significant effect of both O3 and PM10 only under Cut-off lows and Omega which were retraced by poor to very poor air quality categories.

Drought Dynamics in the Nile River Basin: Meteorological, Agricultural, and Groundwater Drought Propagation

The Nile River Basin (NRB) has experienced a notable rise in drought episodes in recent decades. The propagation of meteorological, agricultural, and groundwater drought dynamics in the NRB was investigated in this study. The following drought indices examined the correlation and propagation among meteorological, agricultural, and groundwater droughts. These are the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), soil moisture index, Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment, and GRACE Follow-On (GRACE/GRACE-FO)-derived groundwater drought index (GGDI). These droughts were comprehensively evaluated in the NRB from 2003 to 2022. The cross-wavelet transform approach highlighted the links between droughts. The following are the key findings: (1) In the NRB, the cross-wavelet energy spectrum of wavelet coherence can indicate the internal connection between meteorological versus (vs.) agricultural and agricultural versus (vs.) groundwater drought. The time scale with the most significant correlation coefficient is the drought propagation time. (2) The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) correlated with agricultural and groundwater drought much more than the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), demonstrating that ENSO has an important impact on drought advancement. (3) The R2 values were 0.68 for GGDI vs. standardized soil moisture index (SSI), 0.71 for Blue Nile Region (BNR) GGDI vs. SSI, and 0.55 for SSI vs. Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). Similarly, in the Lake Victoria Region (LVR), GGDI vs. SSI was 0.51 and SSI vs. SPEI was 0.55, but in the Bahr-el-Ghazal Region (BER), GGDI vs. SSI was 0.61 and SSI vs. SPEI was 0.27 during the whole research period with varied lag durations ranging from 1 to 6 months. Thus, the propagation of drought (i.e., meteorological, agricultural, and groundwater drought) dynamics has the potential to reshape our understanding of drought evolution, which could lead to early drought forecasting across the NRB and similar climatic regions.

33 An evaluation of Oklahoma beef producer decision factors regarding the implementation of calf best management practices

Abstract Oklahoma State Ag Economics and Animal Science Specialists implement the Oklahoma Beef Management and Marketing Survey approximately every 5 yr. Data from the 2017 survey indicated that 82% of producers practiced castration, 87% dewormed, 75% trained calves to feed bunks, 63% weaned calves for a minimum of 45 days, and 49% administered two rounds of respiratory vaccinations (Barnes et al., 2023). Using data from the 2017 survey, the objectives of this study were to evaluate incentives and constraints to producer implementation of calf best management practices and to analyze relationships between individual management practices and marketing calves at weaning ( &amp;lt; 30 d weaned) or following a weaning period (≥ 30 d weaned). Management practices evaluated included castration, deworming, feed bunk training, a minimum 45-d weaning period, and the administration of two rounds of respiratory vaccines. A total of 1,495 surveys were returned. When asked to indicate management incentives (why the practice was implemented), n = 1,375, n = 1,348, n = 1,070, n = 937, and n = 937 responses were recorded regarding castration, deworming, bunk training, 45-d weaning period, and respiratory vaccination, respectively. Survey data indicated 30%, 17%, 18%, 21%, and 21% of respondents felt that buyers paid a premium for the practices of castration, deworming, bunk training, 45-d weaning period, and respiratory vaccination, respectively. Survey responses illustrated that 22% and 19% of producers felt that deworming and bunk training, respectively, improved calf marketability. A total of 12% of respondents indicated that announcing days weaned and vaccination history at the time of sale improved calf value. When asked to indicate constraints to implementing management practices, n = 211, n = 277, n = 258, n = 388, and n = 542 responses were recorded regarding castration, deworming, bunk training, 45-d weaning period, and respiratory vaccination, respectively. According to survey results 15%, 26%, 20%, 17%, and 25% of producers felt that castration, deworming, bunk training, 45-d weaning period, or administering respiratory vaccinations, respectively, provided no benefit to their operations. Data illustrated that 7%, 9%, 10%, 9%, and 9% of respondents were unaware of any added value for the practices of castration, deworming, bunk training, 45-d weaning period, and administering respiratory vaccines. Relationships between the management practices of castration, deworming, and providing respiratory vaccines and the decision to market calves at weaning or post-weaning were evaluated. Data indicated weak significant negative correlation coefficients of -0.25, -0.28, and -0.21 for castration, deworming, and respiratory vaccines, respectively, and marketing at weaning. Conversely, weak significant positive correlations of 0.25, 0.30, and 0.25, respectively, were observed for castration, deworming, and respiratory vaccines with marketing post-weaning. A substantial percentage of producers subscribed to calf best management practices. However, because the observed correlation coefficients were weaker than expected producer education regarding optimal marketing strategies may lead to an improvement in capturing market premiums related to management practices.

Identification of Predictors of a Meaningful Avoidance Strategy

Introduction. In this section the authors present the relevance of the study of the semantic avoidance strategy which is maladaptive when coping with crisis and uncertain situations. We consider the assumption of the presence of predictors of a sense-forming avoidance strategy as a hypothesis that has significant correlations with the scales of the questionnaire for the study of avoidance.Objective. Presentation of the results of empirical identification of predictors of a meaningful avoidance strategy.Materials and methods. The author’s verbal questionnaire is presented and applied to study the avoidance strategy. It consists of 9 semantic scales of personality traits to study the specifics of avoidance. To identify its predictors, the battery of tests includes proven methods from the related fields of semantic regulation: the test of life orientations (D. A. Leontiev), the “New Questionnaire of tolerance-tolerance to uncertainty” (T. V. Kornilova).Results. The indicators for verifying the normality of the distribution of empirical indicators are presented as well as data from the correlation analysis of the battery of tests in the sample n = 282. Empirically established values of the Shapiro-Wilk coefficient have values higher than the required level of statistical significance ,05 for indicators of all scales of this battery of tests. Correlation analysis has established that there are three indicators of the scales of the tested tests, which have values of statistically significant empirical Pearson correlation coefficients with the scales of the author’s questionnaire.Discussion. Empirically calculated values of the Shapiro-Wilk criterion with respect was based on the satisfaction to a specified level of statistical significance ,05 it was found that all the studied indicators have a normal distribution character. This confirms the representative nature of the sample. According to the results of the correlation analysis conducted at the significance level ,05, the scales “process” and “locus of control – I” of the test “Life orientations” (D. A. Leontiev) were adopted as the main predictors of avoidance, and the scale “tolerance to uncertainty” according to the “New questionnaire of tolerance to uncertainty” was used as an auxiliary predictor (T. V. Kornilova). The stated hypothesis has been confirmed. Limitations of the study – testing did not affect respondents under the age of 18, as well as over the age of 47, and was conducted only for the types of profession “human – human” and “human – sign”. It is possible to conduct low-cost testing and build multifactorial personal avoidance profiles with the help of the identified predictors.

SOME BIOCHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES IN SEMINAL PLASMA OF IRAQI BUFFALO BULLS AND THEIR RELATION TO THE SEMEN QUALITY

This study was undertaken to figure out the relationship between some biochemical characteristics in seminal plasma with the semen quality of Iraqi buffalo bulls (Bubalus bubalis). Semen was diluted with the Tris extender and divided based on the sperm cell's individual motility into two groups. The first group included good-semen quality (GS; n=3), whereas, the second group included poor-semen quality (PS; n=5). The differences between GS and BS groups in all seminal biochemical attributes lacked significance. A negative and significant (P≤0.05) correlation coefficient was noticed between cholesterol concentration and both principal and terminal sperms abnormality (r= -0.52), and total abnormalities (r= -0.53). A positive and significant (P≤0.05) correlation coefficient was shown between cholesterol concentration and normal sperm percentage (r= 0.53). Moreover, there was a negative and significant correlation (P≤0.05) between the triglyceride concentration and each of the percentages of individual sperm motility (r = -0.50) and of live sperm (r = -0.51). It can be concluded that some biochemical characteristics of seminal plasma can be used to predict the semen quality and fertility of Iraqi buffalo bulls.

Study on the Relationship Between Uncertainty Tolerance and Positive Acceptance in Postoperative Patients With Cervical Cancer.

The objective of this study is to clarify the correlation between uncertainty tolerance (UT) and positive acceptance (PA) in patients with cervical cancer (CC) after surgical treatment. A total of 233 patients with CC who had undergone surgery were includedand were scored on the UT Scale and Positive Acceptance Scale. In addition, patients were classified according to the length of stay ≥1 week and length of stay <1 week, and the UT score and satisfaction and enterprising score of the two groups were compared. This was performed in order to analyze the effect of length of hospital stay on UT and PA. The mean UT score of 233 patients was 3.74±0.34and the mean PA score was 1.96±0.20, with a negative correlation and a significant correlation coefficient (r=-0.342, P 0.05). The UT score of post-operative CC patients with length of stay ≥1 week was significantly higher than that of patients with length of stay <1 week, P<0.05. The score of PA in patients with post-operative CC whose hospital stay was ≥1 week was significantly lower than for patients with hospital stays <1 week (P<0.05). UT was negatively correlated with PA in patients with hospital stays < 1 week (r=-0.358, P<0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between UT and PA in patients with hospital stay ≥1 week (r =-0.493, P<0.05). Increased hospitalization time correlated with increased scores of UT, with reductions in scores of PA. Post-operative patients with CC had higher scores of UT and lower scores of PA, which were negatively correlated. Increased hospitalization time was linked to a detriment in patient UTand reduced PA. Targeted interventions to improve the level of UT and PA within postoperative CC cases should be developed.

Effect of Seed Extraction Period and Germination Temperature on Viability of Pinus patula Under Controlled Conditions

A number of coniferous species have demonstrated varied cone responses to the temperature intensities for seed release and subsequent seed germination behaviour. This study investigated the interactions of cone physical characteristics (weight and width), exposure duration (6,12 and 24 hours) at a fixed extraction temperature (65°C) and the germination temperature (22, 27 and 32°C) on seed quality of Pinus patula. The experimental design was a factorial experiment (4×3×3) laid down in a completely randomized design (CRD), with thirty-six treatments replicated 3 times. Analysis of the difference in means from the three factor effects from ANOVA was performed using R Statistical software. Where significant differences were observed, post hoc tests were carried out to separate means using the Tukey test at 5 % significance level. Results showed significant (p=0.001) differences in germination performance as a result of cone characteristics, extraction exposure periods, and germination chamber conditions. Seeds extracted from heavy cones and exposed to germination temperature of 32℃ demonstrated the highest germination percent at 90% while the lowest was 20% from light cones exposed to similar germination temperature conditions. Negative and significant correlation coefficients were observed in germination of seeds from narrow and light cones, thus cone sorting for heavy and wide cones was recommended for better germination performance of P. patula seed germplasm.

Analyzing the Influence of Social Media on Pro-Environmental Behavior via the Mediation of Pro-Environmental Knowledge and Attitudes among Middle School Students in Bandung Regency, Indonesia

Adolescents, even those in junior high school, have incorporated social media into their daily routines, making it an essential component of their lives. The objective of this study is to examine how social media influences the adoption of pro-environmental behavior among junior high school students in Bandung Regency, Indonesia, by mediating their pro-environmental knowledge and attitudes. This study employs quantitative methodologies via a survey-based approach. We administered questionnaires to a sample of 300 junior high school students in Bandung Regency to collect data. The questionnaire encompasses inquiries on social media use, pro-environmental knowledge, pro-environmental attitudes, and pro-environmental conduct. The research findings indicate that social media exerts a beneficial influence on the pro-environmental conduct of junior high school pupils. The statistically significant positive correlation coefficient (r = 0.35, p &lt; 0.01) supports the connection between the usage of social media and pro-environmental behavior. Pro-environmental knowledge and attitudes influence the connection between social media use and pro-environmental behavior, as revealed by mediation analysis. Consequently, social media enhances students' understanding and beliefs about the environment, thereby motivating them to engage in environmentally friendly actions. The findings of this study demonstrate that social media can serve as a potent instrument for promoting pro-environmental conduct among adolescents in junior high school.

Updating of pelvimetry standards in modern obstetrics

Clinical value of pelvimetry in modern obstetrics practices has never been established and normal values are set since the middle of the twentieth century. The aim of this study was to describe current dimensions of pelvis in a female French Caucasian population. A retrospective, bi-centric observational study was conducted from August 2013 to August 2019 in two French departments of Obstetrics. We included all Caucasian women who had a computed tomography pelvimetry during pregnancy. The primary outcome was the values of the obstetric transverse diameter, obstetric conjugate diameter and bispinous diameter. Five hundred and fifty-one CT pelvimetries were analyzed. The median Obstetric Transverse Diameter (OTD) was 12.41 cm and the 3rd percentile was 11 cm. The median Obstetric Conjugate Diameter (OCD) was 12.2 cm and the 3rd percentile was 10.5 cm. The median Bispinous Diameter (BSD) in our data collection was 10.9 cm and the 3rd percentile was 9.3 cm. A significant correlation coefficient between women’s height and OTD, OCD and BSD was found. In our study, the OCD and the BSD have not evolved since the middle of the twentieth century. The obstetric transverse diameter was smaller than the standard currently used.

MR Susceptibility Separation for Quantifying Lesion Paramagnetic and Diamagnetic Evolution in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) lesion evolution may involve changes in diamagnetic myelin and paramagnetic iron. Conventional quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) can provide net susceptibility distribution, but not the discrete paramagnetic and diamagnetic components. To apply susceptibility separation (χ separation) to follow lesion evolution in MS with comparison to R2*/R2 '/QSM. Longitudinal, prospective. Twenty relapsing-remitting MS subjects (mean age: 42.5 ± 9.4 years, 13 females; mean years of symptoms: 4.3 ± 1.4 years). Three-dimensional multiple echo gradient echo (QSM and R2* mapping), two-dimensional dual echo fast spin echo (R2 mapping), T2-weighted fluid attenuated inversion recovery, and T1-weighted magnetization prepared gradient echo sequences at 3 T. Data were analyzed from two scans separated by a mean interval of 14.4 ± 2.0 months. White matter lesions on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery were defined by an automatic pipeline, then manually refined (by ZZ/AHW, 3/25 years' experience in MRI), and verified by a radiologist (MN, 25 years' experience in MS). Susceptibility separation yielded the paramagnetic and diamagnetic susceptibility content of each voxel. Lesions were classified into four groups based on the variation of QSM/R2* or separated into positive/negative components from χ separation. Two-sample paired t tests for assessment of longitudinal differences. Spearman correlation coefficients to assess associations between χ separation and R2*/R2 '/QSM. Significant level: P < 0.005. A total of 183 lesions were quantified. Categorizing lesions into groups based on χ separation demonstrated significant annual changes in QSM//R2*/R2 '. When lesions were grouped based on changes in QSM and R2*, both changing in unison yielded a significant dominant paramagnetic variation and both opposing yielded a dominant diamagnetic variation. Significant Spearman correlation coefficients were found between susceptibility-sensitive MRI indices and χ separation. Susceptibility separation changes in MS lesions may distinguish and quantify paramagnetic and diamagnetic evolution, potentially providing additional insight compared to R2* and QSM alone. 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.

Correlation between Entrepreneurship Education and Students’ Entrepreneurial Intentions: A Case of the University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

A study was undertaken at the University of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania to establish the relationship between receiving entrepreneurship education at university level and studentteachers’ intention to be involved in entrepreneurial work. Its main objective was to find statistically a significant correlation coefficient between the variables of the study. Literature had shown that there were empirical disagreements regarding the direction and strength of a correlation between the variables in question. The study employed correlation research methodology. The target population was Bachelor of Education in Commerce and Bachelor of Education in Adult and Community Education student-teachers at the School of Education. The results have shown that there is no statistically significant relationship between university entrepreneurial education and the entrepreneurial intentions of student-teachers at the University of Dar es Salaam. The null hypothesis was accepted because the point biserial correlation = 0.071, p-value (0.681) was greater than the study’s alpha value (0.05). There was no statistically significant correlation between university entrepreneurship education and having high entrepreneurial intentions among student-teachers at the School of Education, University of Dar es Salaam, Mwalimu Julius Nyerere Mlimani campus. This was because rpb (0.071) was not significantly different from zero at 34 degrees of freedom, 0.05 level of significance because it was below +.3494. The study’s consequence is that these findings justify further investigation of the study’s foci in order to arrive at a conclusive irrefutable viewpoint. It appears that additional investigation is warranted.

Reliability and Validity of Measures Commonly Utilized to Assess Nurse Well-Being.

A healthy nursing workforce is vital to ensuring that patients are provided quality care. Assessing nurses' well-being and related factors requires routine evaluations from health system leaders that leverage brief psychometrically sound measures. To date, measures used to assess nurses' well-being have primarily been psychometrically tested among other clinicians or nurses working in specific clinical practice settings rather than in large, representative, heterogeneous samples of nurses. This study aimed to psychometrically test measures frequently used to evaluate factors linked to nurse well-being in a heterogeneous sample of nurses within a large academic health system. This cross-sectional, survey-based study used a convenience sample of nurses working across acute care practice settings. A total of 177 nurses completed measures, which included the Professional Quality of Life, the short form of the Professional Quality of Life measure, the two-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, the five-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index, the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale, and the single-item Mini-Z. Internal reliability and convergent validity were assessed for each measure. All the measures were found to be reliable. Brief measures used to assess domains of well-being demonstrated validity with longer measures, as evident by significant correlation coefficients. This study provides support for the reliability and validity of measures commonly used to assess well-being in a diverse sample of nurses working across acute care settings. Data from routine assessments of the nursing workforce hold the potential to guide the implementation and evaluation of interventions capable of promoting workplace well-being. Assessments should include psychometrically sound, low-burden measures, such as those evaluated in this study.

Hubungan Kekuatan Otot Tungkai Terhadap Hasil Lompat Jauh Pada Siswa / Siswi Kelas VIII Di SMP N 22 Kota Bengkulu

This study aims to determine the relationship between leg muscle strength and long jump results in students of class VII.2 at SMP N 22 Bengkulu City. This research method is quantitative description research. The sample in this study based on these criteria amounted to 32 students. The results of hypothesis testing tests that leg muscle strength that there is a significant relationship between leg muscle explosiveness on long jump results. With this significant relationship can be seen based on the test results Significant correlation coefficient (thitung = 7,72129107&gt;ttabel = 2,04227) Based on the correlation significance test The relationship between leg muscles (X) to the results of the long jump (Y) as seen in the table above obtained thitung = 7,72129107&gt;ttabel = 2,04227 at a significant level α = 0.05 divided by 2 because it has 2 variables so that the significance level is α = 0.025. Thus Ha which says there is a relationship between leg muscle strength (X) and long jump results (Y) in students of class VII.2 is accepted, consequently Ho is rejected. This finding concludes that there is a relationship between leg muscle strength and long jump results in students of class VII.2 at SMP N 22 Bengkulu City.

Voice use of nurses working in the intensive care unit during the COVID-19 pandemic

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the voice use of nurses working in intensive care units (ICUs) and their perception of acoustic environments. Setting and sampleThe research was conducted in four different hospitals in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 60 ICU nurses were recruited for their voice use monitoring and 100 nurses participated in the survey. Research methodologyFirstly, voice-related parameters such as voice level (SPL, dB), fundamental frequency (F0, Hz), and voicing time percentage (Dt, %) were measured using a vocal monitor. To collect data, a non-invasive accelerometer was attached to the participants' necks during their working hours. Secondly, the perception of the ICU acoustic environment was assessed using semantic differential. ResultsThe results showed that nurses spoke approximately 0.9–4 dB louder to patients and colleagues in ICUs compared to quiet rooms, and their fundamental frequency (F0) significantly increased during work. The voice levels of nurses were influenced by background noise levels, with a significant correlation coefficient of 0.44 (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the background noise levels ranged from 58.1 to 73.9 dBA, exceeding the guideline values set by the World Health Organisation (WHO). The semantic differential analysis identified ‘Stress’ and ‘Irritation’ as the two main components, indicating the prevalence of negative experiences within ICUs. Implications for clinical practiceThis study highlights the potential risk of voice disorders among ICU nurses. The findings also underscore the importance of implementing strategies to reduce noise levels in ICUs to reduce voice disorders among nurses.

Compensatory latency time delays during consecutive perturbations in older adults with and without kinesiophobia

BackgroundFear of movement has been related to lower limb activation patterns in older adults. However, insight into consecutive perturbations on stepping strategy while considering fall-related confidence is unknown. Research questionAre there latency time delays following three consecutive slip perturbations between subjects with and without kinesiophobia when considering limb dominance and fall efficacy differences? MethodsThere were 15 older adults with kinesiophobia and 15 age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched control subjects. The subjects stood on the platform during three consecutive perturbations (250, 300, and 400 msec excursions), which were produced by a Bertec device. The subjects completed questionnaires to evaluate the psychological features of their fall-related fear (Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia: TSK) as well as the modified fall efficacy scale (FES). The latency times (msec) measured the time it took for a subject to respond to a translation. ResultsOverall, the results of the FES demonstrated a moderate negative association with the TSK (r = −0.52, p = 0.004). There was a significant group difference for the FES (t = 2.78, p = 0.01). The FES demonstrated significant positive correlation coefficients (ranging from 0.40 to 0.51) and significant negative correlation coefficients (ranging from −0.41 to −0.61), except for the slow perturbations. The groups demonstrated a significant interaction on consecutive latency times and limb side (F = 5.84, p = 0.02). The latency time during the fast perturbations on the dominant limb (F = 5.53, p = 0.02) was significantly shorter in the kinesiophobia group. SignificanceThe control group demonstrated confidence during fall-related activities, but the latency times were significantly different between groups when considering the dominant limb following repeated slip perturbations. The kinesiophobia group demonstrated shorter latency times on the dominant limb to protect against potential fall-risks from perturbations. The group interactions on limb side and consecutive perturbations need to be considered with fall-related confidence and improved standing balance in older adults with kinesiophobia.

Multivariate Generalized Linear Mixed Models for Count Data

Univariate regression models have rich literature for counting data. However, this is not the case for multivariate count data. Therefore, we present the Multivariate Generalized Linear Mixed Models framework that deals with a multivariate set of responses, measuring the correlation between them through random effects that follows a multivariate normal distribution. This model is based on a GLMM with a random intercept and the estimation process remains the same as a standard GLMM with random effects integrated out via Laplace approximation. We efficiently implemented this model through the TMB package available in R. We used Poisson, negative binomial (NB), and COM-Poisson distributions. To assess the estimator properties, we conducted a simulation study considering four different sample sizes and three different correlation values for each distribution. We achieved unbiased and consistent estimators for Poisson and NB distributions; for COM-Poisson estimators were consistent, but biased, especially for dispersion, variance, and correlation parameter estimators. These models were applied to two datasets. The first concerns a sample from 30 different sites collected in Australia where the number of times each one of the 41 different ant species was registered; which results in an impressive 820 variance-covariance and 41 dispersion parameters are estimated simultaneously, let alone the regression parameters. The second is from the Australia Health Survey with 5 response variables and 5190 respondents. These datasets can be considered overdispersed by the generalized dispersion index. The COM-Poisson model overcame the other two competitors considering three goodness-of-fit indexes, AIC, BIC, and maximized log-likelihood values. As a result, it estimated parameters with smaller standard errors and a greater number of significant correlation coefficients. Therefore, the proposed model is capable of dealing with multivariate count data, either under- equi- or overdispersed responses, and measuring any kind of correlation between them taking into account the effects of the covariates.