Acquisition Of Signs Research Articles

PROFIL WIRAUSAHA KULINER DI PEKANBARU TAHUN 2020

This research was conducted to answer the problem (1) How to describe the level of education and sales turnover of entrepreneurs in Pekanbaru, (2) How to describe the benefits and types of entrepreneurial business in Pekanbaru, (3) Is there a relationship between profitability and entrepreneurial profile in Pekanbaru. The sample of this study was taken 60 entrepreneurs with pourporsive sampling. Data were analyzed with non-parametric statistics. the results of this study. Knowing the relationship between education level and entrepreneurial sales turnover in Pekanbaru. The level of education correlates with turnover and the number of employees this is indicated by the acquisition value of Sign <0.05, while the type of business, the level of education does not correlate with earnings, gender and length of business due to the acquisition of Sign value> 0.05. Profit correlates significantly with turnover and length of business, this is indicated by the Sig value obtained <0.05. While profits are not related to the type of business, education level, gender and number of employees, this can be seen from the Sig value obtained> 0.05. The type of business is positively correlated with turnover, gender and number of employees, this can be seen from the acquisition of sign <0.05, while the type of business has no relationship with earnings, education level, duration of business because the sign value> 0.05. Key words: culinary, entrepreneurship, profile, profit, turnover

Computing a Smart Device to Classify Recurring Outbreak of Copd

Health care has experienced an unprecedented rise in the last decade. In order to keep their vital signs measured, patients will have to make regular visits to the doctor. The Cough detection device helps in the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory problems at an early age. Cough aims to remove mucus and bronchial diseases, which plays an important role in prevention and cure. More than 3 million individuals died of COPD in 2012, which is equivalent to 6 percent of all fatalities worldwide a year, according to world estimates. Citizens consider it impossible to track cough-related illnesses in rural areas because of the sophistication of the system and its testing costs. Nowadays, some people do have a mix of COPD and asthma. There is an immense demand for non-invasive ways of calculating these vital signs. This paper aims to develop and deploy a safe, inexpensive, low powered, non-intrusive, and effective device that can be worn daily and track the vital signs and show the performance to the mobile phone. The physician can also conveniently access such data through a wireless medium. This paper deals primarily with the acquisition of vital signs for signal conditioning and data: ECG, heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, Sp02, cough rate, and respiration rate. This work proposes an innovative wearable cough detection method for early diagnosis and very early treatment of pulmonary diseases.

Age, frequency, and iconicity in early sign language acquisition: Evidence from the Israeli Sign Language MacArthur–Bates Communicative Developmental Inventory

AbstractThe current study described the development of the MacArthur–Bates Communicative Developmental Inventory (CDI) for Israeli Sign Language (ISL) and investigated the effects of age, sign iconicity, and sign frequency on lexical acquisition of bimodal-bilingual toddlers acquiring ISL. Previous findings bring inconclusive evidence on the role of sign iconicity (the relationship between form and meaning) and sign frequency (how often a word/sign is used in the language) on the acquisition of signs. The ISL-CDI consisted of 563 video clips. Iconicity ratings from 41 sign-naïve Hebrew-speaking adults (Study 1A) and sign frequency ratings from 19 native ISL adult signers (Study 1B) were collected. ISL vocabulary was evaluated in 34 toddlers, native signers (Study 2). Results indicated significant effects of age, strong correlations between parental ISL ratings and ISL size even when age was controlled for, and strong correlations between naturalistic data and ISL-CDI scores, supporting the validity of the ISL-CDI. Moreover, the results revealed effects of iconicity, frequency, and interactions between age and the iconicity and frequency factors, suggesting that both iconicity and frequency are modulated by age. The findings contribute to the field of sign language acquisition and to our understanding of potential factors affecting human language acquisition beyond language modality.

Privacy-Preserving Data Processing with Flexible Access Control

Cloud computing provides an efficient and convenient platform for cloud users to store, process and control their data. Cloud overcomes the bottlenecks of resource-constrained user devices and greatly releases their storage and computing burdens. However, due to the lack of full trust in cloud service providers, the cloud users generally prefer to outsource their sensitive data in an encrypted form, which, however, seriously complicates data processing, analysis, as well as access control. Homomorphic encryption (HE) as a single key system cannot flexibly control data sharing and access after encrypted data processing. How to realize various computations over encrypted data in an efficient way and at the same time flexibly control the access to data processing results has been an important challenging issue. In this paper, we propose a privacy-preserving data processing scheme with flexible access control. With the cooperation of a data service provider (DSP) and a computation party (CP), our scheme, based on Paillier's partial homomorphic encryption (PHE), realizes seven basic operations, i.e., Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Sign Acquisition, Absolute, Comparison, and Equality Test, over outsourced encrypted data. In addition, our scheme, based on the homomorphism of attribute-based encryption (ABE), is also designed to support flexible access control over processing results of encrypted data. We further prove the security of our scheme and demonstrate its efficiency and advantages through simulations and comparisons with existing work.

Contact-Free Biosignal Acquisition via Capacitive and Ultrasonic Sensors

Contact-free detection of human vital signs like heart rate and respiration rate will improve the patients' comfort and enables long-term monitoring of newborns or bedridden patients. For that, reliable and safe measurement techniques are indispensable. The aim of this work is the development and comparison of novel ultrasonic and capacitive measurement setups, sharing a common hardware platform. Both measurement techniques that are implemented and compared are based on the detection of minor chest wall vibrations in millimeter ranges, due to geometrical thorax changes during respiration and heartbeat activities. After examining the physical measurement conditions and simulating the capacitive sensor, a problem-specific measurement setup is proposed. The system is characterized to be capable of detecting distance changes below 2 {\mu}m via the ultrasonic sensor and below 800 {\mu}m via the capacitive sensor. First subject measurements show that the detection of heart activities is possible under ideal conditions and exclusively with the proposed ultrasonic approach. However, the capacitive sensor works reliably for respiration monitoring, even when the subject is fully-clothed and covered with a blanket. The chosen ultrasonic approach is sensitive regarding minor changes of the reflecting surface and therefore has high uncertainty. In contrast, capacitive respiration detection is very reliable. It is conceivable that improvements in the capacitive sensor circuitry will also enable the detection of heart activities. The proposed ultrasonic approach presents current problems of this technique. In contrast to that, the unusual approach of capacitive sensing demonstrates a high potential regarding vital signs acquisition.

Degree and not type of iconicity affects sign language vocabulary acquisition.

Lexical iconicity-signs or words that resemble their meaning-is overrepresented in children's early vocabularies. Embodied theories of language acquisition predict that symbols are more learnable when they are grounded in a child's firsthand experiences. As such, pantomimic iconic signs, which use the signer's body to represent a body, might be more readily learned than other types of iconic signs. Alternatively, the structure mapping theory of iconicity predicts that learners are sensitive to the amount of overlap between form and meaning. In this exploratory study of early vocabulary development in American Sign Language (ASL), we asked whether type of iconicity predicts sign acquisition above and beyond degree of iconicity. We also controlled for concreteness and relevance to babies, two possible confounding factors. Highly concrete referents and concepts that are germane to babies may be amenable to iconic mappings. We reanalyzed a previously published set of ASL Communicative Development Inventory (CDI) reports from 58 deaf children learning ASL from their deaf parents (Anderson & Reilly, 2002). Pantomimic signs were more iconic than other types of iconic signs (perceptual, both pantomimic and perceptual, or arbitrary), but type of iconicity had no effect on acquisition. Children may not make use of the special status of pantomimic elements of signs. Their vocabularies are, however, shaped by degree of iconicity, which aligns with a structure mapping theory of iconicity, though other explanations are also compatible (e.g., iconicity in child-directed signing). Previously demonstrated effects of type of iconicity may be an artifact of the increased degree of iconicity among pantomimic signs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Carolina Plaza-Pust. 2016. Bilingualism and deafness: On language contact in the bilingual acquisition of sign language and written language

Abstract This article reviews Bilingualism and deafness: On language contact in the bilingual acquisition of sign language and written language 978-1-5015-1396-1978-1-5015-0493-8€ 99.95

Migration of antibiotics residual quantities in aquatic ecosystems

The uncontrolled antimicrobial agents use leads to the spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic strains. The ingress of antibacterial drugs into surface water through sewage from livestock premises, people's houses, hospitals and during medical and agronomic activities exacerbates this problem. Antimicrobials in surface waters have several ways of developing the process: lethal interaction of antibiotics with hydrobionts, elimination of sensitive taxa and alteration of trophic chains; neutralization of antimicrobials (self-destruction of the molecule, hydrolysis, sorption, abiotic and biotic transformation); non-lethal interaction of antibiotics and hydrobionts with the acquisition of antibiotic resistance signs). There are following indicators proposed to predict the antimicrobial agents impact on the aquatic ecosystem: accumulation factor; the amount of substance per unit mass of plant or animal in one cubic meter of water (mg or mcg per 1m3); the maximum amount of a substance that can be contained in an ecosystem without disturbing its basic trophic properties. The basic principles of a dynamic chamber model construction for studying the effect of antibiotics on the ecosystem are based on the following basic statements: 1) the trophic chain is divided into the chambers in which substance is instantaneously mixed in all parts of the chamber in the same way in any direction; 2) the transfer of the substance from one chamber to another occurs according to the laws of first order kinetics, which is described by the system of differential equations. In this case, transition coefficients of a substance between the chambers are constant. It is advisable to use a dynamic chamber model to analyze the migration pathways of substances in a freshwater non-flowing reservoir. For instance, its simplified version consists of the 3 chambers, namely: water – sediments (silt) – biota. It is advisable to use a stationary chamber model for analysing the pathways of antibiotics which enter into the sea with the river flows.

Book review: Nicola Grove and Kaisa Launonen (Eds.), Manual sign acquisition in children with developmental disabilities

Book review: Nicola Grove and Kaisa Launonen (Eds.), <i>Manual sign acquisition in children with developmental disabilities</i>

Uczyć się od... „wyimaginowanego Innego”

The article focuses on the current education crisis treated as a crisis of the relevant pedagogical discourse. The authors claim that in the context of dynamic cultural changes the refraction of educational descriptions’ forms is becoming a factor of the educational development blockade. According to the authors, the transformation of the pedagogical discourse that stops this kind of blockade is in line with a radical change of the subject field of pedagogy. This concerns, in the first place, the change of the way of educational reality’s scaling, focusing the pedagogical attention on the ‘molar’ level of education performance as well as the processes of education semiosis and micro-changes that are in place in it. Apart from that, discourse changes indicate the connection with denaturalisation and dereification of educational phenomena that manifest their discursive and opportunistic nature in the new description. Finally, in the new description, the nature of educational processes is radically changed: learning manifests the connection with the loss of capability learning, teaching – with self-experimenting, sign acquisition – with its elimination, whereas identifying oneself with the other – with the others becoming estranged and different. In the latter case, it is about the transformation of otherness realization mode, as well as specific constitution of education subject and forming a special relationship between a student’s position and an imagined Other, his/her concentration on himself/herself due to lack of the Other whose availability or non-availability enables to discover and change the meaning of the student’s current position and semiotic relations realised by him/her

A adoção de apostilas na Educação Infantil: reflexões sobre uma unidade didática

O presente texto reflete sobre a utilização de apostilas nas rotinas pedagógicas da Educação Infantil. Dados quantitativos são apresentados, revelando que a aquisição destes materiais por parte das prefeituras tem se expandido como política pública em nível nacional. Com aportes teóricos em Bakhtin (2011), Vygotsky (1991), Peirce (2005) e Dewey (1979), pretende-se analisar de que modo aparecem conceitos sobre aquisição da língua, experiência e signo, dentre outros de natureza comunicativa, no projeto discursivo dos materiais, especialmente em uma unidade didática coletada de um conhecido sistema de ensino, voltada para a faixa etária de cinco anos. Deste modo, o trabalho se caracteriza metodologicamente como análise semiótico-documental, concluindo que, se por um lado, os exercícios analisados encantam pelas imagens, diagramação e outras qualidades, por outro, reproduzem procedimentos tradicionais do ensino de língua, acentuando a dependência das crianças em relação ao educador, não valorizando a oralidade, a escrita espontânea e demais expressões do protagonismo delas na aprendizagem. Pelos conflitos inerentes à adoção de tais aparatos pedagógicos no contexto da Educação Infantil, defende-se a necessidade de ampliação do debate sobre tal, de modo que a adoção dos sistemas apostilados possa ser reavaliada, sem prejuízos para a infância.

Seeing the World Through Words: A Student Writer’s Journey toward Developing Her Own Voice

This paper is a self-study that uses the lens of Vygotsky’s four phases of sign acquisition to examine one student writer’s development of voice through writing produced from 5th grade through her second year of graduate school (17 years). Growing up as a twin—and as a visually impaired individual—the author learned how to use the written word to help her imagine those aspects of the world that she could not physically see. Through excerpts from journal entries, planning documents, short stories, long fiction, poetry, school assignments, and fanfiction she traces her growth as a writer within the shifting context of experiences within and outside of school. Her sensitive exploration of varied sources of motivation and inspiration, along with her own changing attitudes towards and beliefs about writing, provide the reader with fresh insight into all that goes into one’s development as a writer.

Learning an Embodied Visual Language: Four Imitation Strategies Available to Sign Learners.

The parts of the body that are used to produce and perceive signed languages (the hands, face, and visual system) differ from those used to produce and perceive spoken languages (the vocal tract and auditory system). In this paper we address two factors that have important consequences for sign language acquisition. First, there are three types of lexical signs: one-handed, two-handed symmetrical, and two-handed asymmetrical. Natural variation in hand dominance in the population leads to varied input to children learning sign. Children must learn that signs are not specified for the right or left hand but for dominant and non-dominant. Second, we posit that children have at least four imitation strategies available for imitating signs: anatomical (Activate the same muscles as the sign model), which could lead learners to inappropriately use their non-dominant hand; mirroring (Produce a mirror image of the modeled sign), which could lead learners to produce lateral movement reversal errors or to use the non-dominant hand; visual matching (Reproduce what you see from your perspective), which could lead learners to produce inward–outward movement and palm orientation reversals; and reversing (Reproduce what the sign model would see from his/her perspective). This last strategy is the only one that always yields correct phonological forms in signed languages. To test our hypotheses, we turn to evidence from typical and atypical hearing and deaf children as well as from typical adults; the data come from studies of both sign acquisition and gesture imitation. Specifically, we posit that all children initially use a visual matching strategy but typical children switch to a mirroring strategy sometime in the second year of life; typical adults tend to use a mirroring strategy in learning signs and imitating gestures. By contrast, children and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) appear to use the visual matching strategy well into childhood or even adulthood. Finally, we present evidence that sign language exposure changes how adults imitate gestures, switching from a mirroring strategy to the correct reversal strategy. These four strategies for imitation do not exist in speech and as such constitute a unique problem for research in language acquisition.

Encrypted data processing with Homomorphic Re-Encryption

Cloud computing offers various services to users by re-arranging storage and computing resources. In order to preserve data privacy, cloud users may choose to upload encrypted data rather than raw data to the cloud. However, processing and analyzing encrypted data are challenging problems, which have received increasing attention in recent years. Homomorphic Encryption (HE) was proposed to support computation on encrypted data and ensure data confidentiality simultaneously. However, a limitation of HE is it is a single user system, which means it only allows the party that owns a homomorphic decryption key to decrypt processed ciphertexts. Original HE cannot support multiple users to access the processed ciphertexts flexibly. In this paper, we propose a Privacy-Preserving Data Processing (PPDP) system with the support of a Homomorphic Re-Encryption Scheme (HRES). The HRES extends partial HE from a single-user system to a multi-user one by offering ciphertext re-encryption to allow multiple users to access processed ciphertexts. Through the cooperation of a Data Service Provider (DSP) and an Access Control Server (ACS), the PPDP system can support seven basic operations over ciphertexts, which include Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Sign Acquisition, Comparison, Equivalent Test, and Variance. To enhance the flexibility and security of our system, we further apply multiple ACSs to take in charge of the data from their own users and design computing operations over ciphertexts belonging to multiple ACSs. We then prove the security of PPDP, analyze its performance and advantages by comparing with some latest work, and demonstrate its efficiency and effectiveness through simulations with regard to big data process.

Assessment of blind source separation techniques for video-based cardiac pulse extraction.

Blind source separation (BSS) aims at separating useful signal content from distortions. In the contactless acquisition of vital signs by means of the camera-based photoplethysmogram (cbPPG), BSS has evolved the most widely used approach to extract the cardiac pulse. Despite its frequent application, there is no consensus about the optimal usage of BSS and its general benefit. This contribution investigates the performance of BSS to enhance the cardiac pulse from cbPPGs in dependency to varying input data characteristics. The BSS input conditions are controlled by an automated spatial preselection routine of regions of interest. Input data of different characteristics (wavelength, dominant frequency, and signal quality) from 18 postoperative cardiovascular patients are processed with standard BSS techniques, namely principal component analysis (PCA) and independent component analysis (ICA). The effect of BSS is assessed by the spectral signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the cardiac pulse. The preselection of cbPPGs, appears beneficial providing higher SNR compared to standard cbPPGs. Both, PCA and ICA yielded better outcomes by using monochrome inputs (green wavelength) instead of inputs of different wavelengths. PCA outperforms ICA for more homogeneous input signals. Moreover, for high input SNR, the application of ICA using standard contrast is likely to decrease the SNR.

Continuous Vital Signs Acquisition Improves Prehospital Trauma Triage

Introduction:Vital signs (VS) data collected in prehospital care and recorded in trauma registries are often missing or unreliable as it is difficult to record dynamic changes while performing resuscitation and stabilization. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that analysis of continuous vital signs improves data quality, and predicts life-saving interventions (LSI) better than use of retrospectively compiled Trauma Registry (TR) data.Methods:After Institutional Review Board approval, six emergency medical services helicopters were equipped with a Vital Signs Data Recorder (VSDR) to capture continuous VS from the patient onto a handheld personal digital assistant (PDA). Prehospital LSIs (fluid bolus, cardiopul-monary resuscitation, drugs, intubation, etc.) and those performed within two hours after arrival in the trauma resuscitation unit were considered outcome variables. The VSDR and TR data were compared using Bland-Altman method. A multivariate analysis was performed to determine which VS variable best predicted LSIs using the values in the TR and the VSDR.Results:Prehospital VSDR data were collected from 177 patients. There was a significant difference between the highest and lowest heart rate, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and oxygen saturation between the VSDR and the TR data (p <0.001).The VSDR highest heart rate and lowest oxygen saturation recorded predicted LSIs while none of the TR vital signs did so in a multivariate model. The SBP was not an independent predictor of LSI.Conclusions:The VSDR data increased the odds of predicting LSIs compared to the TR data. Using continuous vital signs in prehospital care may lead to the development of better trauma prognostic models.

Toward isolating the role of dopamine in the acquisition of incentive salience attribution

Stimulus-reward learning has been heavily linked to the reward-prediction error learning hypothesis and dopaminergic function. However, some evidence suggests dopaminergic function may not strictly underlie reward-prediction error learning, but may be specific to incentive salience attribution. Utilizing a Pavlovian conditioned approach procedure consisting of two stimuli that were equally reward-predictive (both undergoing reward-prediction error learning) but functionally distinct in regard to incentive salience (levers that elicited sign-tracking and tones that elicited goal-tracking), we tested the differential role of D1 and D2 dopamine receptors and nucleus accumbens dopamine in the acquisition of sign- and goal-tracking behavior and their associated conditioned reinforcing value within individuals. Overall, the results revealed that both D1 and D2 inhibition disrupted performance of sign- and goal-tracking. However, D1 inhibition specifically prevented the acquisition of sign-tracking to a lever, instead promoting goal-tracking and decreasing its conditioned reinforcing value, while neither D1 nor D2 signaling was required for goal-tracking in response to a tone. Likewise, nucleus accumbens dopaminergic lesions disrupted acquisition of sign-tracking to a lever, while leaving goal-tracking in response to a tone unaffected. Collectively, these results are the first evidence of an intraindividual dissociation of dopaminergic function in incentive salience attribution from reward-prediction error learning, indicating that incentive salience, reward-prediction error, and their associated dopaminergic signaling exist within individuals and are stimulus-specific. Thus, individual differences in incentive salience attribution may be reflective of a differential balance in dopaminergic function that may bias toward the attribution of incentive salience, relative to reward-prediction error learning only.

Improving the Recognition of, and Response to In-Hospital Sepsis.

Sepsis is an important cause of patient morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although the associated mortality seems to be decreasing, approximately 20% of patients with organ dysfunction die in hospital. Since 1991 diagnostic criteria for sepsis focused on the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). However, the utility of such criteria has been questioned, and alternative criteria have recently been proposed. It is likely that administration of early appropriate antibiotics and resolution of shock reduce sepsis-associated mortality. Accordingly, strategies need to be developed to improve the early recognition of, and response to patients with sepsis. Such system approaches may include improved acquisition and documentation of vital signs, enhanced recognition of shock, and integration of laboratory and microbiological results using clinical informatics. Hospitals should have guidelines for escalating care of septic patients, antibiotics stewardship programs, and systems to audit morbidity and mortality associated with sepsis.

The impact of input quality on early sign development in native and non-native language learners

There is debate about how input variation influences child language. Most deaf children are exposed to a sign language from their non-fluent hearing parents and experience a delay in exposure to accessible language. A small number of children receive language input from their deaf parents who are fluent signers. Thus it is possible to document the impact of quality of input on early sign acquisition. The current study explores the outcomes of differential input in two groups of children aged two to five years: deaf children of hearing parents (DCHP) and deaf children of deaf parents (DCDP). Analysis of child sign language revealed DCDP had a more developed vocabulary and more phonological handshape types compared with DCHP. In naturalistic conversations deaf parents used more sign tokens and more phonological types than hearing parents. Results are discussed in terms of the effects of early input on subsequent language abilities.

Visual Attention and Key Word Sign in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between children’s visual attention to, and acquisition of, Key Word Sign (KWS). Our hypothesis was that children’s visual attention to the clinician’s modelling would be associated with their acquisition and production of KWS. A multiple baseline single case experimental design with additional exploratory analyses was used to examine the effect of visual attention on sign acquisition among three preschool children with ASD. This paper extends from the previous intervention study (see Tan et al. 2014) by examining visual attention as a potential factor underpinning individual differences in sign acquisition documented in the initial study. All three children visually attended to the clinician’s modelling of KWS, and acquired signs to varying degrees following the introduction of KWS intervention. A weak, non-significant correlation was found between the children’s amount of visual attention and their production of signs. The results provide preliminary evidence for a lack of association between children’s amount of ‘looking’ and ‘doing’ during KWS intervention. Replication and examination of other factors impacting on KWS intervention outcomes is required.