Side Window Research Articles

The method to remove parts from the multi-step oil well centrifugal pump housing on a workbench

Repair of centrifugal oil pumps requires their total tear-down, with removal of steel parts from the cylindrical housing made of thick-walled steel tubes. This paper describes the technology of removal of steel parts from the tube using an air-driven hammer with a piston of relatively small weight of 40 kg. The complete tear-down of the deep-well centrifugal pump is implemented using a facility with a guiding frame. The frame accommodates the mutually appressed air-driven hammer, a nozzle with a conical seating surface, a tube section with a side window and a stepped flange adaptor. The latter is pressed to the end face of the pump housing. The other end of the housing is butted on the energy sink fastened on the guiding frame. The described facility has a rod passed through the open end hole in the energy sink and along the opening of the housing, which interacts with the parts in the housing via one end and with the drive via the other end.

Study on the seismic performance of rural houses masonry walls with different geometries of open-hole area reduction

Masonry houses account for 90% of all rural houses in China, which is of great practical significance for studying the seismic strengthening of masonry houses. Based on the actual structural forms of existing farm houses in Beijing, this paper proposes a cost-effective reinforcement scheme using additional masonry walls with different geometries to strengthen the open-hole brick walls to fulfill the seismic protection requirements. The open-hole masonry walls were examined and compared in load–displacement, hysteresis curve, skeleton curve, ductility, energy consumption, and stiffness degradation through quasi-static tests and finite element analysis. The test results were verified by finite element analysis. In addition, the reinforcement effect was verified regarding damage characteristics, hysteresis curves and skeleton curve trends. Compared to the unreinforced wall, the wall reinforced by adding 740 mm to one side of the open brick window increased the ultimate bearing capacity by 136% and the damage displacement by 56%. By adding 370 mm to one side of the open-hole brick masonry window, the ultimate bearing capacity increased by 83%, and the damage displacement increased by 10%. Furthermore, by adding 370 mm of wall symmetrically along both sides of the open-hole brick masonry window, the ultimate bearing capacity increased by 185% and the damage displacement increased by 67%. These results indicate that the reinforcement technique can effectively improve the lateral stiffness and seismic performance of the open-hole masonry walls. In addition, the formula for calculating the seismic bearing capacity of open-hole walls reinforced with masonry walls is also proposed.

Impact of family presence on healthcare outcomes and patients' wards design

This study aimed to investigate the beliefs of patients and healthcare professionals in Saudi Arabian settings about the role of family visiting, presence and their impact on the patient wards layout and patient room spatial design. Cross-sectional study of 225 surveys completed during January 2019 and January 2020 at three hospitals in Dammam Metropolitan Area to evaluate the impact of family presence at three types of wards; male, female (medical & surgical) and female (obstetrics and genecology) on healthcare outcomes including patients' outcomes of pain, sleep, depression, anxiety, length of stay, noise, overall satisfaction and safety of patients' falls and healthcare professionals' outcomes of medical efficiency, reducing medical errors, safety and satisfaction. The study investigates healthcare professionals’ beliefs about the position of the family zone in the patient room. The data were collected and statistically analysed with R version 4. All participants agreed on the importance of family presence in improving the healthcare outcomes. The results showed differences in the beliefs of the healthcare professionals and patients in issues related to visiting policies (number of visiting hours, number of visitors, and visit restriction). 38 % of healthcare professionals believe that family zone should be bedside and adjacent to the window side.

A three-stage optimization method for the classroom envelope in primary and secondary schools in China

The design optimization of primary and secondary school classrooms should consider the effects of energy, thermal comfort, and daylighting. This paper proposes a three-stage optimization design method of classroom envelope based on multi-objective optimization to realize the efficient and accurate optimization of primary and secondary school classrooms. The method is divided into three modules: building modeling and analysis, meta-model training and hyperparameter optimization, and multi-objective optimization algorithm comparison. The application effect of electrochromic technology in typical primary and secondary school classrooms is discussed through sensitivity analysis, and an improved algorithm SEGA-Q based on GA is proposed. In addition, the performance of three typical multi-objective optimization algorithms in three objective optimizations (i.e., energy, thermal comfort, and daylighting) is compared. Finally, two typical school classrooms are taken as cases to verify the effectiveness of the proposed optimization method. The results show that the application significance of the electrochromic window indicates skylights > south side window > north side window. The SEGA-Q algorithm has more accuracy, stability, and convergence speed advantages in meta-model training and hyperparametric optimization, but its calculation time increases significantly. Among the three multi-objective optimization algorithms, the NSGA-II algorithm has the most significant advantages in most aspects. In addition, compared with the benchmark schemes, the optimized common classroom can reduce the TES by 692.5 kWh at most and increase the PT by 41.9% and UDINO by 57.4%. The optimized classroom with skylight can reduce TES by 1261.9 kWh at most and increase PT by 26% and UDINO by 78.5%.

Aerodynamic noise control of rearview mirror by steady and unsteady jets

Aerodynamic noise control of rearview mirror by steady and unsteady jets was investigated by combining numerical simulation and wind tunnel test. The maximum reduction of total turbulent pressure level for isolated rearview mirror is 1.2 dB when the jet ratio is 0.23. Whether it is an isolated or vehicle rearview mirror, numerical simulations without jet have obtained consistent results with experiments. Eight unsteady jets are quickly evaluated by subdomain method, where the turbulent pressure and sound pressure of the front side window were obtained by large eddy simulation and acoustic perturbation equations. The jet velocity ratio of 0.23, the best noise reduction effect, in the experiment was adopted, and the jet frequency of 78 Hz and phase were obtained by spectral proper orthogonal decomposition and phase analysis. The simulation results show that three jets have better noise reduction effect and the best jet2 can reduce the total sound pressure level by 0.7 dB. Sound pressure level at the frequencies from 200 Hz to 2000 Hz becomes small, and the maximum magnitude is about 1.5 dB.

Adaptive side window joint bilateral filter

Adaptive side window joint bilateral filter

Discharge characteristics of ground potential live-line work air gaps in cup towers and double circuit towers

Ground potential live-line work (GPLW) is an irreplaceable means for the maintenance and elimination of overhead transmission lines. In order to put forward safety protection suggestions for GPLW, the dielectric strength of the GPLW gaps in cup towers and double circuit towers were studied based on a prediction method. The results showed that in both cup towers and double circuit towers, as the gap distance increases, the dielectric strength will also increase. In cup towers, when the lineman is on the side of the window, standing inside the window will increase the dielectric strength of GPLW gaps. When the lineman is at the bottom of the tower window, raising hands will reduce the dielectric strength of GPLW gaps, but this will not happen on the side or top of the tower window. In double circuit towers, the position and posture of the lineman have little effect on the dielectric strength of GPLW air gaps. The results of the study could provide guidance for the live-line work engineering.

Evaluation of Children's Thermal Environment in Nursery School: Through the Questionnaire and Measurement of Wearable Sensors Approach.

Due to psychological and physical differences, children are more vulnerable to the influence of the surrounding environment than adults. A nursery school in Japan was selected as the research object. The actual thermal environment of children aged 1 to 5 in the classroom was evaluated based on measured data in winter and summer. Through a questionnaire survey of nursery teachers, this paper analyzed and compared the relationship between teachers’ thermal adaptation behavior and children’s thermal sensation. Compared with the traditional fixed-points measurement method, a method of wearable sensors for children was proposed to measure the indoor temperature distribution. The traditional measurement results showed that 73% of classroom indoor temperatures and humidity do not meet the thermal comfort standard stipulated by the government. The method proposed in this paper indicates that: (1) nursery teachers’ thermal adaptation behavior may not be based on children’s thermal sensations; (2) solar radiation and weather context could lead to uneven indoor horizontal temperature distribution, hence, specific attention should be paid to the thermal environment when children move to the window side; and (3) the density of occupants causes the temperature around the human body to be relatively high. We suggest that teachers improve the thermal comfort of gathered children through thermal adaptive behaviors. The results of the study provide valuable information for nursery managers to formulate effective indoor thermal environment strategies from the perspective of children.

Analysis of Turbulent Air Flow Characteristics Due to the Presence of a 13 × 30 Threads·cm−2 Insect Proof Screen on the Side Windows of a Mediterranean Greenhouse

Insect-proof screens are a frequent passive method to restrict the entrance of insects into greenhouses. However, the installation of these screens also has a negative effect on natural ventilation, which is reflected in the turbulence and velocity of the airflow inside the greenhouse. The turbulent characteristics of airflow through an insect-proof screen installed in the greenhouse windows have not been studied thoroughly in the literature. The present work focuses on the use of two simultaneous 3D sonic anemometers to study the impact of the use of a 13 × 30 threads·cm−2 insect-proof screen on the turbulence properties of the micro and microscale airflow turbulence. Four tests have been carried out in windward-oriented side windows of a Mediterranean greenhouse. Results demonstrate that the approach of using two simultaneous 3D sonic anemometers for the first time allows one to observe that the effect is different for the three components of the velocity vector field, and there is a strong connection between the simultaneous conditions inside and outside of the greenhouse. Useful information and data on the effect of using a 13 × 30 threads·cm−2 insect-proof screen are also provided. To give details on the impact of screens in the turbulent properties of ventilation is essential for any commercial distribution, as well as providing important data in the design and development of more efficient insect-proof screens.

Parameter optimization and performance simulation evaluation of new swash plate-plunger energy recovery device

The swash plate-plunger energy recovery device (SP-ERD), as a novel isobaric ERD, is innovatively developed based on the structural characteristics and working mode of the swash plate axial plunger pump. The hollow plunger with side windows and closed upper and lower ends is the main place for pressure exchange, which can realize rapid reciprocating switching of working positions through the rotation of the swash plate. The unique symmetrical impingement inflow mode of SP-ERD makes the fluid flow in plunger hollow cavity close to the plug flow, which can reduce volumetric mixing and improve volume utilization. The mixing characteristic of SP-ERD is optimized by changing the height (H) and diameter (d) of the plunger hollow cavity. The volumetric mixing decreases first and then increases with the increase of H, and increases as d increases. Additionally, the efficiency of SP-ERD increases as the plunger clearance (h) decreases or d increases. When h, H and d are 0.011 mm, 170 mm and 28 mm, the volumetric mixing and volume utilization of SP-ERD under the design conditions (20 m3/h and 6.0 MPa) are 0.91% and 90.3%, which are superior compared with commercial products, and its efficiency is 96.4%, which is also competitive.

A Human Space.

A Human Space.

Some Features of Administrative Responsibility for Violation of the Rules of the Light Transmission of Car Windows

The subject of the study is the illegality of driving a vehicle with improper light transmission of car windows. The object of the study is the social relations that develop in the process of driving a vehicle on which tinted windows with a light transmission of less than 70% are installed in violation of the legislation of the Russian Federation. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as the application of Part 3.1 of Article 12.5 of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation as a basis for the use of such a measure to ensure proceedings in cases of administrative offenses as the prohibition of vehicle operation. Particular attention is paid to the duty of traffic police officers to use special technical means when checking the light transmission of car windows and the data of those special technical means reflected in the protocol. The main conclusions of the study can be determined as the need to adopt more severe penalties for the operation of vehicles with the presence of tinting or prohibit the operation of the vehicle with such malfunctions. A special contribution of the author to the study of is a comparative analysis of various points of view on the use of vehicles on which tinted windshields and front side windows are installed in violation of legal norms. The novelty of the study lies in the consideration of judicial practice indicating that driving a vehicle whose front side windows do not meet the requirements of the technical regulations on the safety of wheeled vehicles forms part of an administrative offense provided for in Part 3.1 of Article 12.5 of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation.

Unlisted

Unlisted

소형 주택의 창면적비에 따른 냉방 및 난방 에너지 소요량과 시공비용 연구

As the global warming problem becomes more serious, the Korean government is putting considerable effort to reduce primary energy consumption and carbon generation by implementing relevant policies. In this study, a small-scale house with a floor area of 114.51 m2 located in Yangpyeong, Gyeonggido, Korea was selected to study the effect of window wall ratio on cooling and heating energy consumption, energy cost, and construction cost. Cooling and heating loads and energy consumption in consideration of the window design were analyzed using PHPP, an energy balance, and a passive house planning tool. The height of the east side window was fixed at 3.89 m, while the width was changed to the present Base and two alternative designs. The window areas were 18, 12, and 6 m2 for Base, ALT-1, and ALT-2, respectively. Temperature, humidity, and infiltration were measured for PHPP input values. When the window areas were reduced by 33% and 67% relative to the Base, cooling and heating energy per unit floor area were reduced by only a small amount. Similar results were obtained for heating and cooling energy costs. Our findings indicated that adopting ALT-2, the design with the least window area can reduce the construction cost by 8.5% or 7.764 million won. Therefore, unlike for the energy consumption, much higher construction cost reduction can be achieved with a small window area. This is expected to have a significant impact on the facade design according to the client

Subcutaneous nanotherapy repurposes the immunosuppressive mechanism of rapamycin to enhance allogeneic islet graft viability.

Standard oral rapamycin (i.e. Rapamune®) administration is plagued by poor bioavailability and broad biodistribution. Thus, this pleotropic mTOR inhibitor has a narrow therapeutic window, numerous side effects and provides inadequate protection to transplanted cells and tissues. Furthermore, the hydrophobicity of rapamycin limits its use in parenteral formulations. Here, we demonstrate that subcutaneous delivery via poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(propylene sulfide)(PEG-b-PPS) polymersome (PS) nanocarriers significantly alters rapamycin’s cellular biodistribution to repurpose its mechanism of action for tolerance instead of immunosuppression while minimizing side effects. While oral rapamycin inhibits naïve T cell proliferation directly, subcutaneously administered rapamycin-loaded polymersomes (rPS) modulate antigen presenting cells in lieu of T cells significantly improving maintenance of normoglycemia in a clinically relevant, MHC-mismatched, allogeneic, intraportal (liver) islet transplantation model. These results demonstrate the ability of a rationally designed nanocarrier to re-engineer the immunosuppressive mechanism of a drug by controlling cellular biodistribution.

Multiscale feature extraction and its application in the weld seam quality prediction for plasma arc welding

As a complex thermo-physical process, the plasma arc welding (PAW) is easy to be unstable due to external interferences. Weld quality monitoring is important for intelligent robot PAW welding. Due to the different instability mechanisms, it is difficult to obtain high adaptivity and accuracy with features extracted in a single time window. In this paper, a novel feature extraction method based on sliding multiscale windows is proposed to improve model accuracy and calculation speed. A group of windows with different time widths are established to extract multiscale information. Windows slide throughout welding process and are synchronized on the timeline for feature correlation. The welding current and arc voltage are processed to extract features inside windows, including signal denoising by discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and dimension reduction by primary components analysis (PCA). Based on the feature vectors extracted from multiscale-windows, support vector machine (SVM) with radial basis function (RBF) kernel is used. The best window width is determined automatically by model training. The proposed method is used to predict weld quality for PAW in the field of shipbuilding. The results show that the model with multiscale feature extraction is helpful to improve prediction precision and recall ratio.

Multiscale Adaptive Side Window Filtering and Its Application on Seismic Data

Side window filtering (SWF) can effectively capture detailed image edges and is widely applied in image processing. However, its fixed-scale (or fixed-size) filter kernel cannot adapt to complex images, and the final output at the target pixel is only determined by the side window output with the minimum error functional, limiting its filtering capability. To further enhance the filtering capability of SWF, we first extend the traditional side windows with fixed-scale filter kernel to multiscale side windows by introducing the multiscale filter kernels, which leads to better complex image matching. Then, we further introduce an adaptively weighted parameter, which is inversely proportional to the error functional, to fully consider the contributions of all multiscale side windows to the final output. We finally propose the multiscale adaptive SWF (MASWF). Synthetic and field seismic data examples demonstrate that MASWF is a good potential technique for seismic data random noise attenuation and can be widely used in digital signal processing fields.

Bar Beach Police Station

Bar Beach Police Station Maxim Matusevich (bio) In August 1999, I flew to Nigeria from Chicago via St. Petersburg, Helsinki, and Amsterdam. If you get a kick out of experiencing intense and disorienting contrasts, try that route. My childhood friend Alex drove me to Helsinki from St. Pete. Alex was driving like a madman—honking incessantly, tailgating, yelling at slower traffic. Just past Vyborg a traffic policeman signaled us to stop. Alex slowed the car to a crawl but didn’t quite stop it. We continued to roll along the curb, with the police officer trotting next to the driver’s side window and Alex feeding him hundred-ruble notes: one, two, three . . . Enough? No? Okay . . . four, five . . . Eventually the cop (who never stopped jogging next to the moving vehicle) gave a sign that he’d received enough and wished us a happy onward journey. “These greedy assholes,” grumbled Alex as he floored the gas pedal. Soon after, we crossed the Finnish border and the minute we did Alex miraculously turned into a sensible just-under-the-speed-limit driver. I looked at him surprised. “You see, it’s a civilized country, they got laws, and you can’t really bribe anyone,” explained my friend. We both sighed, he—with visible regret, I—with some relief. My flight was early in the morning, and we slept in Alex’s Audi hatchback parked in some field, not far from the airport. Ah, those childhood friendships, very special . . . I had a long layover in Amsterdam, which was great, because I was able to drop by another childhood friend Dina and her husband’s place on Keerkstraat and take a shower. Florian was watching the news, which happened to be from Nigeria. Nigeria was very much in the news at the time due to the recent mysterious death of the country’s dictator, General Sani Abacha. Florian looked worried and suggested that instead of flying off to Lagos I stay with them in Amsterdam. Florian and Dina are among the most hospitable people I know; they are always hosting someone, sometimes for months on end. It’s been twenty years, but they are still at it. It would’ve been nice to stay with them, but I really couldn’t. We hugged and I left for the airport to board my flight to Lagos. The first few weeks in Nigeria were surreal, exhausting, maddening, exciting. The place was outrageously corrupt, palpably dangerous, and, in the aftermath of Abacha’s demise, overflowing with wild political rumors. But I also kept meeting [End Page 169] the most wonderful and warm people, who were eager to take me under their wing and help me out in any way they could. The mixture of dysfunction, brutality, and generosity would’ve been disorienting had it not been so familiar. In many ways, it felt like my native Russia. Strangely, Nigeria proved to be easier for me to figure out than the US (still a work in progress). That year Lagos was simmering with anticipation. My colleagues at the Nigerian Institute of International Affairs (NIIA) on Victoria Island warned me that another coup was inevitable. They hinted darkly that Abacha had not died a natural death. Frankly, I would’ve been surprised had it been otherwise. And then there was this whole business of “armed robbers.” Every few weeks the army and the black-uniformed police fought pitched battles against gangs of marauding vigilantes (“area boys”) on the outskirts of the city. By December, the unrest would reach a boiling point and erupt into open warfare on the mainland. The posher neighborhoods of Victoria Island and Ikoyi remained relatively safe, but I was advised to drop my habit of hitching okada rides to the campus of the University of Lagos. Instead, I now spent most of my time working at the institute library. On the weekends, my friend Isaac and I would go to one of the city beaches— Bar Beach or Lekki Beach—to hang out under a rented canopy of palm leaves, which gave a lot of shade. We bought weed from the Hausa beach traders, who, once you’ve made your first purchase, would never...

Research on vehicle window buffeting mechanism and noise control

For a moving car, buffeting noise is generated when a window is opened alone, which seriously affects the comfort of passengers. In particular, there is still no effective control method for side window buffeting, so it is very important to study the buffeting mechanism and characteristics for noise control. First, this paper analyses the pressure change law during the shear vortex shedding process through simulation, and explores the Helmholtz resonance characteristics of the passenger cabin, so as to reveal the causes of buffeting phenomenon. Secondly, wind tunnel tests are used to study the effects of vehicle speed, window opening size and other factors on buffeting, and the differences in buffeting characteristics between sunroof and side windows are compared, then the reasons for buffeting changes are analysed through simulation. Finally, the passive control and active control are discussed, which have reference significance for the control of vehicle window buffeting.

The Networks of Noncoding RNAs and Their Direct Molecular Targets in Myocardial Infarction.

Noncoding RNAs are closely related to the development of myocardial infarction (MI), and their specific roles in MI are still being carefully studied. Researchers can select the literature they are interested in according to their own wishes in traditional reviews, which results in a certain amount of selection bias. A data-driven approach was used to organize this review to understand the ncRNAs in MI in the past five years. Here, we reveal important networks of interactions between noncoding RNAs and their direct targets. Our review gives an unbiased description of the role of noncoding RNAs in MI. Key information, such as carrier selection, treatment time window, treatment dose and possible side effects of ncRNA therapy, needs to be further determined. In short, the interactions between coding and noncoding genes play indispensable roles in the occurrence and development of MI and still deserve great attention from researchers in this field. The rational application of ncRNAs is expected to become a target for the treatment of MI.